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Karakoc S, Kesik HK, Celik F, Selcuk MA, Gunyakti Kilinc S, Simsek S. Genetic diversity and haplotypes of Cysticercus tenuicollis isolates from slaughtered sheep and goats in Elazig and Bingol provinces of Turkey. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1411. [PMID: 38804612 PMCID: PMC11131354 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The cestode Taenia hydatigena uses canids, primarily dogs, as definitive hosts, whereas the metacestode larval stage cysticercus infects a range of intermediate hosts, including domestic animals such as goats, sheep and pigs. OBJECTIVES In this study, we aimed to determine the genetic differences and haplotypes of Cysticercus tenuicollis isolates obtained from sheep and goats slaughtered in the Bingol and Elazig provinces of Turkey. METHODS C. tenuicollis isolates were collected from 44 sheep and 26 goats slaughtered in slaughterhouses in Bingol and Elazig. After the isolation of total genomic DNA from C. tenuicollis isolates, the genetic characterization of the partial mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase 1 (CO1) gene region (866 bp) was amplified using specific primers by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the products were then sequenced, and haplotype and genetic diversity analyses were carried out. RESULTS As a result of the haplotype network analyses, 34 different haplotypes were detected around the main haplotype (Hap02) arranged in a star-like configuration and separated from other haplotypes by 1-28 mutation steps and covering 22.85% (16/70) of all isolates. Twenty-seven polymorphic fields were detected, 77.77% (21/27) of which were parsimony-informative, and secondary haplotype and nucleotide diversity were observed. Additionally, we detected high intraspecies haplotype diversity (hd: 0.933) and high nucleotide diversity (π: 0.00383), with 27 different nucleotide variation positions among the haplotypes of the isolates. Tajima's D value was negative, indicating population expansion and/or selection purification. The significantly negative Fu's Fs values indicated recent population expansion or the presence of expected rare haplotypes. CONCLUSION The results of this study confirmed that C. tenuicollis isolates clustered in one lineage and were closely related to the relevant reference sequences in different countries, confirming the circulation of C. tenuicollis in different geographical regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirvan Karakoc
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BingolBingolTurkey
| | - Harun Kaya Kesik
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BingolBingolTurkey
| | - Figen Celik
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of FiratElazıgTurkey
| | - Muhammed Ahmed Selcuk
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of SiirtSiirtTurkey
| | - Seyma Gunyakti Kilinc
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of BingolBingolTurkey
| | - Sami Simsek
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of FiratElazıgTurkey
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Omadang L, Chamai M, Ejobi F, Erume J, Oba P, Ocaido M. Prevalence of cystic echinococcosis among livestock in pastoral and agro-pastoral areas in Uganda. Parasitology 2024; 151:68-76. [PMID: 38012850 PMCID: PMC10941043 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182023001154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) remains a significant challenge in Uganda with precise status largely undocumented in most communities. To determine CE prevalence, post-mortem examination was done on 14 937 livestock (5873 goats, 1377 sheep, 3726 zebu cattle and 3054 Ankole cattle) slaughtered in abattoirs in the districts of Moroto in Karamoja region, Kumi in Teso region and Nakasongola and Luwero in Buganda region. The overall CE prevalence was 21.9% in sheep, 15.2% in zebu cattle, 5.5% in goats and 2.1% in Ankole cattle. Moroto district had a higher prevalence of CE than other districts with 31.3% in zebu cattle, sheep 28%, goats 29.1% and (0%) in Ankole cattle. On organ locations, the lungs were the most affected in all livestock in all the study areas. Considering cyst fertility, 33.9, 1.7 and 6.4% of Ankole cattle, sheep and zebu cattle respectively had fertile cysts in the liver while 4.5% of goats and 4% Ankole cattle had fertile cysts in the lungs. In conclusion, CE is widespread and occurs among cattle, sheep and goats in pastoral and agro-pastoral areas in Uganda. Therefore, there is an urgent need to create awareness among the communities on role of livestock in CE epidemiology and transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonard Omadang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
- Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Department of Animal Production and Management, Busitema University, Arapai Campus, Soroti, Uganda
| | - Martin Chamai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Francis Ejobi
- Directorate of Research and Innovations, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroti University, Soroti, Uganda
| | - Joseph Erume
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Peter Oba
- National Agricultural Research Organization (NARO), Abi Zonal Agricultural Research and Development Institute (Abi ZARDI), Arua, Uganda
| | - Michael Ocaido
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Animal Resources and Biosecurity, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
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Dehghan Rahimabadi P, Abbasi J, Shaghayegh A, Taefi Nasrabadi N, Golchin D, Kavakebi Asar Y, Ashrafi Tamai I, Anoushepour A. A rare case of Cysticercus tenuicollis infection in a neonate lamb: Evidence of prenatal transmission. Vet Med Sci 2024; 10:e1341. [PMID: 38117665 PMCID: PMC10766016 DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysticercosis develops in lambs following a Cysticercus tenuicollis infestation, which is the larval stage of Taenia hydatigena. A 7-day-old lamb was examined for depression, anorexia, fever (40.5°C), congested mucus membranes, reluctance to move, and a hunched back. Upon necropsy, congestion was noted in the intestines and brain, and the heart had a loose consistency. Soft and pulpy kidneys were evident coupled with watery intestinal contents. Epsilon toxin (Clostridium perfringens type D toxin) was detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. A transparent cystic structure was incidentally found attached to the pancreas, within which a scolex was well demonstrated upon histopathology. Chronic active peritonitis was diagnosed at the cyst attachment site. C. tenuicollis was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction and genome sequencing. This report describes prenatal transmission of C. tenuicollis in the present lamb, although this condition is quite rare.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javad Abbasi
- Department of Animal and Poultry Health and NutritionFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
- Institute of Biomedical ResearchUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Alireza Shaghayegh
- Department of Clinical SciencesKaraj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKarajIran
| | | | - Diba Golchin
- Department of PathobiologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | | | - Iradj Ashrafi Tamai
- Department of Microbiology and ImmunologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran
| | - Amin Anoushepour
- Department of Clinical SciencesKaraj BranchIslamic Azad UniversityKarajIran
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Gastrointestinal Parasites of Dogs in Egypt: An Update on the Prevalence in Dakahlia Governorate and a Meta-Analysis for the Published Data from the Country. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13030496. [PMID: 36766385 PMCID: PMC9913534 DOI: 10.3390/ani13030496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the last survey on gastrointestinal (GIT) parasites infecting dogs in Dakahlia governorate, Egypt, was published 40 years ago, the present study detected various GIT parasites in feces of 78 stray dogs in this governorate. Twenty-one dogs (35.9%) had eggs/oocysts of eight different parasites including Toxocara canis (19.2%), Toxascaris leonina (2.6%), hookworms (1.3%), Taenia species (5.1%), Dipylidium caninum (2.6%), Cystoisospora canis (5.1%), Cystoisospora ohioensis (2.6%), and Neospora caninum-like oocysts (1.3%). These results were combined in various meta-analyses with findings of all published surveys on GIT parasites of dogs in Egypt to underline the potential parasitic zoonoses from dogs in the country. Feces and/or gastrointestinal tracts of 19,807 dogs from various Egyptian governorates, but particularly Cairo, have been microscopically tested in 182 datasets published between 1938 and 2022, revealed during our systematic database search. Toxocara canis, interestingly, displayed a twofold higher pooled prevalence (24.7%) when compared to the published global pooled prevalence for T. canis, indicating that dogs represent a major risk for toxocariasis in humans from Egypt. Dipylidium caninum (25.4%) as well as various Taenia species (17.1%) also displayed high pooled prevalences. On the contrary, lower pooled prevalence was estimated for the most important zoonotic taeniid "Echinococcus granulosus" (2.4%) as well as for hookworms (1.8%) in comparison to what has been published from other countries in the region. Relatively high prevalences were estimated for three protozoa detected in dogs and are common to infect children in Egypt; Cryptosporidium (5.5%), Giardia (7.4%), and Entamoeba histolytica (9.8%). In general, the pooled prevalence estimated for various parasites detected in dogs from Egypt has decreased in the recent years, sometimes by as much as one-fifth, but this great decline is statistically insignificant, which should alert the veterinary and public health authorities to continue their efforts for controlling these parasites in a "One Health" approach.
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Abbas I, El-Alfy ES, Saleh S, Tamponi C, Varcasia A. Global epidemiology and molecular biology of Taenia multiceps: a comparative meta-analysis and in silico analysis study. Parasitology 2022; 149:1607-1622. [PMID: 35957580 PMCID: PMC11010139 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022001123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, all published data on the epidemiology and molecular characters of Taenia multiceps were systematically collected from relevant databases (e.g. PubMed, Scopus, National Center for Biotechnology Information), and combined in various statistical and genetic analyses as a contribution to a better understanding of the epidemiology of this ubiquitous taeniid worldwide. While 5.8% of the key hosts (dogs) from various countries had T. multiceps, grey wolves displayed the highest prevalence (21.6%) among the definitive hosts. Small ruminants are the main intermediate hosts and carry the coenuri in various locations, but most commonly in the central nervous system (CNS). Cerebral coenuri were confirmed in 53% of sheep exhibiting neurological symptoms, and infected animals often had only a single coenurus in the brain. Sheep had a higher prevalence (8.8%) of CNS coenuri than goats (5.8%); however, extra-CNS coenuri were detected more frequently in goats than in sheep. In either case, the difference between sheep and goats was statistically insignificant. Analysis of 233 partial cytochrome oxidase subunit I nucleotide sections for T. multiceps revealed high haplotype and low nucleotide diversities. Fifty-one haplotypes were detected circulating in 6 geographic populations. China, Iran and Turkey had 2 major haplotypes, whereas Italy and Egypt shared 3. Haplotypes from Greece circulate worldwide, and displayed similar gene flow values when compared with the other populations. There were no distinct patterns for haplotype distribution in relation to the infected hosts or coenuri locations. The existence of genetic variants in T. multiceps was highlighted, but needs further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abbas
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - El-Sayed El-Alfy
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Somaya Saleh
- Parasitology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Claudia Tamponi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Varcasia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
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Qurishi SA, Yan HB, Li L, Ohiolei JA, Alvi MA, Zhang LS, Da H, Qiao HM, Shumuye NA, Hua B, Bai BX, Tian WJ, Xu JM, Fu BQ, Jia WZ. Comparison of mitochondrial genetic variation of Taenia hydatigena cysticerci from China and Mongolia. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:3455-3466. [PMID: 36149499 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07669-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Parasitic infection is one of the many challenges facing livestock production globally. Cysticercosis tenuicollis is a common parasitic disease in domestic and wild ruminants (intermediate host) caused by the larval stage of Taenia hydatigena that primarily infects dogs (definitive host). Although genetic studies on this parasite exist, only a few describe the genetic variation of this parasite in Mongolia. Our aim was thus, to identify the mitochondrial differences in ovine isolates of Cysticercus tenuicollis entering China from Mongolia and comparison with existing Chinese isolates from sheep and goats based on the recently described PCR-RFLP method and mitochondrial genes of NADH dehydrogenase subunit 4 (nad4) and the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5 (nad5). Sixty-nine isolates were collected during routine veterinary meat inspections from sheep that originated from Mongolia, at the modern slaughterhouses in Erenhot City, Inner Mongolia. Additional 114 cysticerci were also retrieved from sheep and goats from northern (Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, and Gansu Province), western (Tibet Autonomous Region), and southern (Jiangxi Province and Guangxi Province) China. The PCR-RFLP approach of the nad5 showed nine mitochondrial subclusters A1, A2, A3, A5, A8, A9, A10, A11, and B of T. hydatigena isolates from sheep and goats from Mongolia and China. Meanwhile, haplogroup A1 RFLP profile was more widespread than other variants. These data supplements existing information on the molecular epidemiology of T. hydatigena in China and Mongolia and demonstrate the occurrence of similar genetic population structures in both countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayed Ajmal Qurishi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
- Department of Animal Husbandry, Faculty of Agriculture, Faryab University, Maymana, Afghanistan
| | - Hong-Bin Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - John Aeskhaen Ohiolei
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Mughees Aizaz Alvi
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Lin-Sheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Ha Da
- Xilin Gol League Animal Disease Control Center, Xilinhot, 026000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Hong-Mei Qiao
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Sunan County, Gansu Province, Sunan, Zhangye City, 734400, China
| | - Nigus Abebe Shumuye
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Bao Hua
- Xilin Gol League Animal Disease Control Center, Xilinhot, 026000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Bing-Xin Bai
- Xilin Gol League Animal Disease Control Center, Xilinhot, 026000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Wen-Jun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Ju-Mei Xu
- Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center of Sunan County, Gansu Province, Sunan, Zhangye City, 734400, China
| | - Bao-Quan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China
| | - Wan-Zhong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology/ College of Veterinary Medicine, Lanzhou University/ National Professional Laboratory for Animal Echinococcosis/ Key Laboratory of Veterinary Parasitology of Gansu Province/ Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, CAAS, Lanzhou, 730046, China.
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Moudgil AD, Nehra AK, Vohra S, Thakur SD, Sharma D. Prevalence and phylogeography of Taenia hydatigena metacestodes from goats of India. Parasitology 2022; 149:1193-1198. [PMID: 35570666 PMCID: PMC11010500 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182022000713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The study determined the prevalence and genetic population structure relationships of Cysticercus tenuicollis (Taenia hydatigena metacestode) retrieved from the goats slaughtered in north India. An overall prevalence of 9.62% (59/613) was recorded. Genetic population structure relationships were assessed by targeting partial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 mitochondrial gene sequence. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that all the present study representative isolates (n = 7) formed a major clade and grouped with T. hydatigena isolates retrieved from sheep, goats, pigs and dogs, originating from China, Iran, Nigeria, Ghana and Poland. However, a single isolate from Himachal Pradesh (isolate 3) formed a subgroup within the clade. The neutrality and diversity indices revealed high values of haplotype diversity [Hd = 0.99695 (0.95238–1.0000)] and low nucleotide diversity (π = 0.49276), which was indicative of demographic expansion and low gene flow, suggesting that Indian T. hydatigena isolates were not genetically differentiated. Tajima's D (−1.26988) and Fu and Li's D statistics values (−0.74556) were negative, demonstrating deviations from neutrality and both propounded recent population expansion or purifying selection. Results highlighted a low genetic diversity of T. hydatigena metacestodes across the geographical range of north India.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aman D Moudgil
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - Anil K Nehra
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - Sukhdeep Vohra
- Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana 125004, India
| | - Sidharath Dev Thakur
- Department of Veterinary Public Health and Epidemiology, DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Palampur, H.P. 176062, India
| | - Dinesh Sharma
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology, DGCN College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Palampur, H.P. 176062, India
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Jarošová J, Antolová D, Iglodyová A, Königová A, Dolinská MU, Víchová B. Molecular identification of Taenia hydatigena from domestic and free-living animals in Slovakia, Central Europe. Parasitol Res 2022; 121:1345-1354. [PMID: 35278128 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-022-07481-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Taenia hydatigena is a cosmopolitan tapeworm that uses canids or felines as definitive hosts, while the larval stage (metacestode), formerly referred to as cysticercus tenuicollis, infects a wide variety of intermediate hosts, in particular ruminants. In the present study, we used partial nucleotide sequences of the cox1 and nad1 genes of T. hydatigena from different animal species to analyse the intraspecies genetic diversity of this economically important parasite. Twenty-four samples of metacestodes or adults of T. hydatigena from infected sheep, chamois, roe deer, fallow deer, wild boar, and dogs from Slovakia were collected and further analysed. Several haplotypes of T. hydatigena were identified with unique mutations that have not been previously recorded in Slovakia. Analysis of nucleotide polymorphism revealed the existence of 9 and 13 haplotypes, with relatively low nucleotide pairwise divergence ranging between 0.3-1.3 and 0.2-1.8% for the Hcox and Hnad haplotypes, respectively. In general, low nucleotide and high haplotype diversities in the overall population of T. hydatigena from the study indicate a high number of closely related haplotypes within the explored population; nucleotide diversity per site was low for cox1 (Pi = 0.00540) and slightly higher for nad1 (Pi = 0.00898). A molecular study confirmed the existence of genetic variation within T. hydatigena isolates from Slovakia. However, further investigations with more samples collected from different intermediate and definitive hosts are required in order to investigate the epidemiological significance of the apparent genetic differences observed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Júlia Jarošová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Daniela Antolová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Adriana Iglodyová
- University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Košice, 041 81, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Alžbeta Königová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia
| | | | - Bronislava Víchová
- Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 040 01, Košice, Slovakia.
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