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Deng J, Zhang Y, Lu L, Ou Y, Lai X, Chen S, Ye Y. Duration mismatch negativity under varying deviant conditions in individuals with high schizotypal traits. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1428814. [PMID: 39165502 PMCID: PMC11333253 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1428814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Although impaired auditory mismatch negativity (MMN) has consistently been found in individuals with schizophrenia, there are few and inconsistent reports on nonclinical individuals with schizotypy. To date, no studies have thoroughly assessed MMN with different degrees of deviant oddballs in nonclinical schizotypal samples. The aim of this study was to examine the extent of duration MMN (dMMN) amplitudes under two deviant duration conditions (large and small) in nonclinical participants with high schizotypal traits. Methods An extreme-group design was utilized, in which 63 participants from the schizotypy and control groups were selected from a pool of 1519 young adults using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). MMN was measured using passive duration oddball paradigms. Basic demographic information and musical backgrounds were assessed and matched, while depression and anxiety were evaluated and controlled for. The repeated measures analysis of covariance was utilized to evaluate differences in dMMN between groups. The Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons. Partial correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association between dMMN amplitudes and SPQ scores. Results The amplitudes of dMMN at Cz were significantly increased under the large deviance condition in nonclinical schizotypal individuals (F = 4.36, p = .04). Large-deviance dMMN amplitudes at Fz were positively correlated with mild cognitive-perceptual symptoms in the control group (rp = .42, p = .03). However, as schizophrenia-like symptoms worsened and approached the clinical threshold for schizophrenia, small-deviance dMMN amplitudes at Cz showed negative associations with the cognitive-perceptual factor in the schizotypy group (rp = -.40, p = .04). Conclusion These results suggest the importance of considering the degree of deviation in duration when implementing the auditory oddball paradigm among nonclinical participants with schizotypal traits. In addition, our findings reveal a potential non-linear relationship between bottom-up auditory processing and the positive dimension of the schizophrenia spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Deng
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Abnormal Psychology Laboratory, Department of Penalty Execution, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuanjun Zhang
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Liqin Lu
- Department of Forensic Science, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuanhua Ou
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Abnormal Psychology Laboratory, Department of Penalty Execution, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xianghui Lai
- Department of Basic Courses, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiduo Ye
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Sun H, Yan R, Hua L, Xia Y, Chen Z, Huang Y, Wang X, Xia Q, Yao Z, Lu Q. Abnormal stability of spontaneous neuronal activity as a predictor of diagnosis conversion from major depressive disorder to bipolar disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 171:60-68. [PMID: 38244334 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bipolar disorder (BD) is often misdiagnosed as major depressive disorder (MDD) in the early stage, which may lead to inappropriate treatment. This study aimed to characterize the alterations of spontaneous neuronal activity in patients with depressive episodes whose diagnosis transferred from MDD to BD. METHODS 532 patients with MDD and 132 healthy controls (HCs) were recruited over 10 years. During the follow-up period, 75 participants with MDD transferred to BD (tBD), and 157 participants remained with the diagnosis of unipolar depression (UD). After excluding participants with poor image quality and excessive head movement, 68 participants with the diagnosis of tBD, 150 participants with the diagnosis of UD, and 130 HCs were finally included in the analysis. The dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (dALFF) of spontaneous neuronal activity was evaluated in tBD, UD and HC using functional magnetic resonance imaging at study inclusion. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed to evaluate sensitivity and specificity of the conversion prediction from MDD to BD based on dALFF. RESULTS Compared to HC, tBD exhibited elevated dALFF at left premotor cortex (PMC_L), right lateral temporal cortex (LTC_R) and right early auditory cortex (EAC_R), and UD showed reduced dALFF at PMC_L, left paracentral lobule (PCL_L), bilateral medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), right orbital frontal cortex (OFC_R), right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC_R), right posterior cingulate cortex (PCC_R) and elevated dALFF at LTC_R. Furthermore, tBD exhibited elevated dALFF at PMC_L, PCL_L, bilateral mPFC, bilateral OFC, DLPFC_R, PCC_R and LTC_R than UD. In addition, ROC analysis based on dALFF in differential areas obtained an area under the curve (AUC) of 72.7%. CONCLUSIONS The study demonstrated the temporal dynamic abnormalities of tBD and UD in the critical regions of the somatomotor network (SMN), default mode network (DMN), and central executive network (CEN). The differential abnormal patterns of temporal dynamics between the two diseases have the potential to predict the diagnosis transition from MDD to BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Sun
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 249 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Rui Yan
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 249 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Lingling Hua
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 249 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yi Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 249 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhilu Chen
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 249 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Yinghong Huang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 249 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 249 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Qiudong Xia
- Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 249 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China
| | - Zhijian Yao
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Clinical Teaching Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China; Department of Psychiatry, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 249 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, 210029, China; School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Qing Lu
- School of Biological Sciences and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China; Child Development and Learning Science, Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Nanjing, 210096, China.
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Dong D, Wang Y, Zhou F, Chang X, Qiu J, Feng T, He Q, Lei X, Chen H. Functional Connectome Hierarchy in Schizotypy and Its Associations With Expression of Schizophrenia-Related Genes. Schizophr Bull 2023:sbad179. [PMID: 38156676 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbad179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS Schizotypy has been conceptualized as a continuum of symptoms with marked genetic, neurobiological, and sensory-cognitive overlaps to schizophrenia. Hierarchical organization represents a general organizing principle for both the cortical connectome supporting sensation-to-cognition continuum and gene expression variability across the cortex. However, a mapping of connectome hierarchy to schizotypy remains to be established. Importantly, the underlying changes of the cortical connectome hierarchy that mechanistically link gene expressions to schizotypy are unclear. STUDY DESIGN The present study applied novel connectome gradient on resting-state fMRI data from 1013 healthy young adults to investigate schizotypy-associated sensorimotor-to-transmodal connectome hierarchy and assessed its similarity with the connectome hierarchy of schizophrenia. Furthermore, normative and differential postmortem gene expression data were utilized to examine transcriptional profiles linked to schizotypy-associated connectome hierarchy. STUDY RESULTS We found that schizotypy was associated with a compressed functional connectome hierarchy. Moreover, the pattern of schizotypy-related hierarchy exhibited a positive correlation with the connectome hierarchy observed in schizophrenia. This pattern was closely colocated with the expression of schizophrenia-related genes, with the correlated genes being enriched in transsynaptic, receptor signaling and calcium ion binding. CONCLUSIONS The compressed connectome hierarchy suggests diminished functional system differentiation, providing a novel and holistic system-level basis for various sensory-cognition deficits in schizotypy. Importantly, its linkage with schizophrenia-altered hierarchy and schizophrenia-related gene expression yields new insights into the neurobiological continuum of psychosis. It also provides mechanistic insight into how gene variation may drive alterations in functional hierarchy, mediating biological vulnerability of schizotypy to schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debo Dong
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine, Brain and Behaviour (INM-7), Research Centre Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Yulin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuebin Chang
- Department of Information Sciences, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiang Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingyong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinghua He
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Southwest University Branch, Collaborative Innovation Center of Assessment Toward Basic Education Quality at Beijing Normal University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Lei
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Sleep and NeuroImaging Center, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center of Psychology and Social Development, Faculty of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Wang M, Guo J, Wang Y, Yu M, Guo J. Multimodal Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Method Based on DeepGCN. IEEE Trans Neural Syst Rehabil Eng 2023; 31:3664-3674. [PMID: 37698959 DOI: 10.1109/tnsre.2023.3314516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal data play an important role in the diagnosis of brain diseases. This study constructs a whole-brain functional connectivity network based on functional MRI data, uses non-imaging data with demographic information to complement the classification task for diagnosing subjects, and proposes a multimodal and across-site WL-DeepGCN-based method for classification to diagnose autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This method is used to resolve the existing problem that deep learning ASD identification cannot efficiently utilize multimodal data. In the WL-DeepGCN, a weight-learning network is used to represent the similarity of non-imaging data in the latent space, introducing a new approach for constructing population graph edge weights, and we find that it is beneficial and robust to define pairwise associations in the latent space rather than the input space. We propose a graph convolutional neural network residual connectivity approach to reduce the information loss due to convolution operations by introducing residual units to avoid gradient disappearance and gradient explosion. Furthermore, an EdgeDrop strategy makes the node connections sparser by randomly dropping edges in the raw graph, and its introduction can alleviate the overfitting and oversmoothing problems in the DeepGCN training process. We compare the WL-DeepGCN model with competitive models based on the same topics and nested 10-fold cross-validation show that our method achieves 77.27% accuracy and 0.83 AUC for ASD identification, bringing substantial performance gains.
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Tang Y, Cao M, Li Y, Lin Y, Wu X, Chen M. Altered structural covariance of locus coeruleus in individuals with significant memory concern and patients with mild cognitive impairment. Cereb Cortex 2023; 33:8523-8533. [PMID: 37130822 PMCID: PMC10321106 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhad137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The locus coeruleus (LC) is the site where tau accumulation is preferentially observed pathologically in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, but the changes in gray matter co-alteration patterns between the LC and the whole brain in the predementia phase of AD remain unclear. In this study, we estimated and compared the gray matter volume of the LC and its structural covariance (SC) with the whole brain among 161 normal healthy controls (HCs), 99 individuals with significant memory concern (SMC) and 131 patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). We found that SC decreased in MCI groups, which mainly involved the salience network and default mode network. These results imply that seeding from LC, the gray matter network disruption and disconnection appears early in the MCI group. The altered SC network seeding from the LC can serve as an imaging biomarker for discriminating the patients in the potential predementia phase of AD from the normal subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingmei Tang
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Minghui Cao
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunhua Li
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuting Lin
- School of Psychology, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, No.55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Wu
- School of Psychology, Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences (South China Normal University), Ministry of Education, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, No.55 Zhongshan Avenue West, Guangzhou 510631, Guangdong, China
| | - Meiwei Chen
- Department of Radiology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, No.107 Yanjiang Road West, Guangzhou 510120, Guangdong, China
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Deng J, Chen S, Ou Y, Zhang Y, Lin Z, Shen Y, Ye Y. Auditory P300 in individuals with high schizotypy: associations of schizotypal traits with amplitude and latency under different oddball conditions. Front Hum Neurosci 2023; 17:1107858. [PMID: 37275344 PMCID: PMC10232759 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1107858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to compare the characteristics of auditory P300 between non-clinical individuals with high and low schizotypal traits, and investigate the relationship between schizotypy and P300 under various oddball conditions. Methods An extreme-group design was adopted. After screening 1,519 young adults using the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), sixty-three participants were chosen and divided into two groups (schizotypy group: 31 participants; control group: 32 participants). Basic demographic information was assessed and matched between groups. Depression and anxiety indexes were evaluated and controlled. The P300 component was evoked by an auditory oddball paradigm with different frequencies and durations. Results (1) The duration P300 amplitude at PZ site was significantly weaker in the schizotypy group than in the control group [F(1,54) = 7.455, p = 0.009, ηp2 = 0.121]. (2) In the schizotypy group, the latency of frequency P300 at PZ site under large-variant oddball condition was significantly correlated with total SPQ scores (rp = 0.451, p = 0.018) and disorganized dimension scores (rp = 0.381, p = 0.050). (3) In the control group, significantly negative correlations was found between the negative dimension score of SPQ and the frequency P300 amplitudes under small variant condition (PZ: rp = -0.393, p = 0.043; CPZ: rp = -0.406, p = 0.035). In addition, a significant negative relationship was found between disorganized dimension scores and the duration P300 latency at CPZ site under large-variant oddball condition (rp = -0.518, p = 0.006). Moreover, a significant negative association was found between the duration P300 amplitude at CPZ site under small-variant oddball condition and negative factor scores (rp = -0.410, p = 0.034). Conclusion Individuals with high schizotypal traits were likely to have deficient attention and hypoactive working memory for processing auditory information, especially the duration of sounds. P300 effects were correlated with negative and disorganized schizotypy, rather than positive schizotypy. There were diverse patterns of relationship between schizotypal traits and P300 under different oddball conditions, suggesting that characteristics and parameters of target stimuli should be considered cautiously when implementing an auditory oddball paradigm for individuals with schizophrenia spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Deng
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Abnormal Psychology Laboratory, Department of Penalty Execution, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
| | - Siwei Chen
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuanhua Ou
- Cognitive Neuroscience and Abnormal Psychology Laboratory, Department of Penalty Execution, Fujian Police College, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yuanjun Zhang
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Ziyue Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yane Shen
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiduo Ye
- School of Psychology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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Zouraraki C, Karamaouna P, Giakoumaki SG. Cognitive Processes and Resting-State Functional Neuroimaging Findings in High Schizotypal Individuals and Schizotypal Personality Disorder Patients: A Systematic Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:615. [PMID: 37190580 PMCID: PMC10137138 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13040615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ample research findings indicate that there is altered brain functioning in the schizophrenia spectrum. Nevertheless, functional neuroimaging findings remain ambiguous for healthy individuals expressing high schizotypal traits and patients with schizotypal personality disorder (SPD). The purpose of this systematic review was to identify patterns of task-related and resting-state neural abnormalities across these conditions. MEDLINE-PubMed and PsycINFO were systematically searched and forty-eight studies were selected. Forty studies assessed healthy individuals with high schizotypal traits and eight studies examined SPD patients with functional neuroimaging techniques (fNIRS; fMRI; Resting-state fMRI). Functional alterations in striatal, frontal and temporal regions were found in healthy individuals with high schizotypal traits. Schizotypal personality disorder was associated with default mode network abnormalities but further research is required in order to better conceive its neural correlates. There was also evidence for functional compensatory mechanisms associated with both conditions. To conclude, the findings suggest that brain dysfunctions are evident in individuals who lie along the subclinical part of the spectrum, further supporting the continuum model for schizophrenia susceptibility. Additional research is required in order to delineate the counterbalancing processes implicated in the schizophrenia spectrum, as this approach will provide promising insights for both conversion and protection from conversion into schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrysoula Zouraraki
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece; (C.Z.); (P.K.)
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Education Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
| | - Penny Karamaouna
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece; (C.Z.); (P.K.)
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Education Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
| | - Stella G. Giakoumaki
- Laboratory of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Crete, 74100 Rethymno, Greece; (C.Z.); (P.K.)
- University of Crete Research Center for the Humanities, The Social and Education Sciences (UCRC), University of Crete, Gallos University Campus, 74100 Rethymno, Greece
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Yan YJ, Hu HX, Wang LL, Zhang YJ, Lui SSY, Huang J, Chan RCK. Negative schizotypal traits predict the reduction of reward motivation in effort-reward imbalance. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:439-445. [PMID: 35637380 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The schizotypy construct is useful for studying the effects of environmental stress on development of subclinical negative symptoms. The relationship among self-report motivation, effort-reward imbalance (ERI), and schizotypal features has seldom been studied. We aimed to examine the possible moderation effect of schizotypal traits on ERI and reward motivation. Eight-hundred-and-forty-three college students were recruited online to complete a set of self-reported measures capturing schizotypal traits, effort-reward imbalance and reward motivation, namely the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), the Effort-Reward Imbalance-School Version Questionnaire (C-ERI-S) and the Motivation and Pleasure Scale-Self Report (MAP-SR). We conducted multiple linear regression to construct models to investigate the moderating effects of schizotypal traits on the relationship between ERI and reward motivation. Stressful ERI situation predicted the reduction of reward motivation. Negative schizotypal traits showed a significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between ERI and reward motivation, while positive and disorganized schizotypal traits had significant positive moderating effects. Schizotypal traits subtypes differently moderate the relationship between ERI and reward motivation. Only negative schizotypal traits and stressful ERI situation together have negative impact on reward motivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Yan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Xin Hu
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Ling Wang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Jing Zhang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jia Huang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 16 Lincui Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100101, China.
- Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Department of Psychology, The University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Messaritaki E, Foley S, Barawi K, Ettinger U, Jones DK. Increased structural connectivity in high schizotypy. Netw Neurosci 2023; 7:213-233. [PMID: 37334008 PMCID: PMC10270715 DOI: 10.1162/netn_a_00279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The link between brain structural connectivity and schizotypy was explored in two healthy participant cohorts, collected at two different neuroimaging centres, comprising 140 and 115 participants, respectively. The participants completed the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ), through which their schizotypy scores were calculated. Diffusion-MRI data were used to perform tractography and to generate the structural brain networks of the participants. The edges of the networks were weighted with the inverse radial diffusivity. Graph theoretical metrics of the default mode, sensorimotor, visual, and auditory subnetworks were derived and their correlation coefficients with the schizotypy scores were calculated. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that graph theoretical measures of structural brain networks are investigated in relation to schizotypy. A positive correlation was found between the schizotypy score and the mean node degree and mean clustering coefficient of the sensorimotor and the default mode subnetworks. The nodes driving these correlations were the right postcentral gyrus, the left paracentral lobule, the right superior frontal gyrus, the left parahippocampal gyrus, and the bilateral precuneus, that is, nodes that exhibit compromised functional connectivity in schizophrenia. Implications for schizophrenia and schizotypy are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eirini Messaritaki
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Sonya Foley
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Kali Barawi
- School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | | | - Derek K. Jones
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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Du X, Wei X, Ding H, Yu Y, Xie Y, Ji Y, Zhang Y, Chai C, Liang M, Li J, Zhuo C, Yu C, Qin W. Unraveling schizophrenia replicable functional connectivity disruption patterns across sites. Hum Brain Mapp 2022; 44:156-169. [PMID: 36222054 PMCID: PMC9783440 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Functional connectivity (FC) disruption is a remarkable characteristic of schizophrenia. However, heterogeneous patterns reported across sites severely hindered its clinical generalization. Based on qualified nodal-based FC of 340 schizophrenia patients (SZ) and 348 normal controls (NC) acquired from seven different scanners, this study compared four commonly used site-effect correction methods in removing the site-related heterogeneities, and then tried to cluster the abnormal FCs into several replicable and independent disrupted subnets across sites, related them to clinical symptoms, and evaluated their potentials in schizophrenia classification. Among the four site-related heterogeneity correction methods, ComBat harmonization (F1 score: 0.806 ± 0.145) achieved the overall best balance between sensitivity and false discovery rate in unraveling the aberrant FCs of schizophrenia in the local and public data sets. Hierarchical clustering analysis identified three replicable FC disruption subnets across the local and public data sets: hypo-connectivity within sensory areas (Net1), hypo-connectivity within thalamus, striatum, and ventral attention network (Net2), and hyper-connectivity between thalamus and sensory processing system (Net3). Notably, the derived composite FC within Net1 was negatively correlated with hostility and disorientation in the public validation set (p < .05). Finally, the three subnet-specific composite FCs (Best area under the receiver operating characteristic curve [AUC] = 0.728) can robustly and meaningfully discriminate the SZ from NC with comparable performance with the full identified FCs features (best AUC = 0.765) in the out-of-sample public data set (Z = -1.583, p = .114). In conclusion, ComBat harmonization was most robust in detecting aberrant connectivity for schizophrenia. Besides, the three subnet-specific composite FC measures might be replicable neuroimaging markers for schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotong Du
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Xiaotong Wei
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Hao Ding
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,School of Medical ImagingTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Ying Yu
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yingying Xie
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yi Ji
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Chao Chai
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Meng Liang
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,School of Medical ImagingTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Psychiatry Functional Neuroimaging LaboratoryTianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin Anding HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Chuanjun Zhuo
- Department of Psychiatry Functional Neuroimaging LaboratoryTianjin Mental Health Center, Tianjin Anding HospitalTianjinChina
| | - Chunshui Yu
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,School of Medical ImagingTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Wen Qin
- Department of RadiologyTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina,Tianjin Key Lab of Functional ImagingTianjin Medical University General HospitalTianjinChina
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11
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Association of reduced local activities in the default mode and sensorimotor networks with clinical characteristics in first-diagnosed of schizophrenia. Neuroscience 2022; 495:47-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2022.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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12
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Evermann U, Gaser C, Meller T, Pfarr J, Grezellschak S, Nenadić I. Nonclinical psychotic-like experiences and schizotypy dimensions: Associations with hippocampal subfield and amygdala volumes. Hum Brain Mapp 2021; 42:5075-5088. [PMID: 34302409 PMCID: PMC8449098 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Schizotypy and psychotic-like experiences (PLE) form part of the wider psychosis continuum and may have brain structural correlates in nonclinical cohorts. This study aimed to compare the effects of differential schizotypy dimensions, PLE, and their interaction on hippocampal subfields and amygdala volumes in the absence of clinical psychopathology. In a cohort of 367 psychiatrically healthy individuals, we assessed schizotypal traits using the Oxford-Liverpool Inventory of Life Experiences (O-LIFE) and PLE using the short form of the Prodromal Questionnaire (PQ-16). Based on high-resolution structural MRI scans, we used automated segmentation to estimate volumes of limbic structures. Sex and total intracranial volume (Step 1), PLE and schizotypy dimensions (Step 2), and their interaction terms (Step 3) were entered as regressors for bilateral amygdala and hippocampal subfield volumes in hierarchical multiple linear regression models. Positive schizotypy, but not PLE, was negatively associated with left amygdala and subiculum volumes. O-LIFE Impulsive Nonconformity, as well as the two-way interaction between positive schizotypy and PLE, were associated with larger left subiculum volumes. None of the estimators for right hemispheric hippocampal subfield volumes survived correction for multiple comparisons. Our findings support differential associations of hippocampus subfield volumes with trait dimensions rather than PLE, and support overlap and interactions between psychometric positive schizotypy and PLE. In a healthy cohort without current psychosis risk syndromes, the positive association between PLE and hippocampal subfield volume occurred at a high expression of positive schizotypy. Further studies combining stable, transient, and genetic parameters are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Evermann
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
- Department of NeurologyJena University HospitalJenaGermany
| | - Tina Meller
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
| | - Julia‐Katharina Pfarr
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
| | - Sarah Grezellschak
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
- Marburg University HospitalUKGMMarburgGermany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and PsychotherapyPhilipps‐Universität MarburgMarburgGermany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB)MarburgGermany
- Marburg University HospitalUKGMMarburgGermany
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13
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Yan YJ, Huang J, Lui SSY, Cheung EFC, Madsen KH, Chan RCK. The effect of effort-reward imbalance on brain structure and resting-state functional connectivity in individuals with high levels of schizotypal traits. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2021; 26:166-182. [PMID: 33706673 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2021.1899906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Effort-reward imbalance (ERI) is a typical psychosocial stress. Schizotypal traits are attenuated features of schizophrenia in the general population. According to the diathesis-stress model, schizotypal traits and psychosocial stress contribute to the onset of schizophrenia. However, few studies examined the effects of these factors on brain alterations. This study aimed to examine relationships between ERI, schizotypal traits and brain structures and functions. METHODS We recruited 37 (13 male, 24 female) participants with high levels of schizotypal traits and 36 (12 male, 24 female) participants with low levels of schizotypal traits by the Schizotypal Personality Questionnaire (SPQ). The Chinese school version of the effort-reward imbalance questionnaire (C-ERI-S) was used to measure ERI. We conducted the voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and whole brain resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) analysis using reward or stress-related regions as seeds. RESULTS Participants with high levels of schizotypal traits were more likely to perceive ERI. The severity of ERI was correlated with grey matter volume (GMV) reduction of the left pallidum and altered rsFC among the prefrontal, striatum and cerebellum in participants with high levels of schizotypal traits. CONCLUSION ERI is associated with GMV reduction and altered rsFC in individuals with high levels of schizotypal traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Jie Yan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Huang
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychology, the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Simon S Y Lui
- Castle Peak Hospital, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Kristoffer H Madsen
- Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Danish Research Centre for Magnetic Resonance, Centre for Functional and Diagnostic Imaging and Research, Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Hvidovre, Denmark.,Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Raymond C K Chan
- Neuropsychology and Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory, CAS Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Institute of Psychology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Sino-Danish Centre for Education and Research, Beijing, People's Republic of China.,Department of Psychology, the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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