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Marshall J. Disclosure of Unknown Harms in Magnetic Resonance Imaging Research. Account Res 2010; 17:67-78. [DOI: 10.1080/08989621003641165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Marshall
- a Research Associate , Dalhousie University, Health Law Institute , Halifax , Nova Scotia , Canada
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Illes J, Moser MA, McCormick JB, Racine E, Blakeslee S, Caplan A, Hayden EC, Ingram J, Lohwater T, McKnight P, Nicholson C, Phillips A, Sauvé KD, Snell E, Weiss S. Neurotalk: improving the communication of neuroscience research. Nat Rev Neurosci 2010; 11:61-9. [PMID: 19953102 PMCID: PMC2818800 DOI: 10.1038/nrn2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
There is increasing pressure for neuroscientists to communicate their research and the societal implications of their findings to the public. Communicating science is challenging, and the transformation of communication by digital and interactive media increases the complexity of the challenge. To facilitate dialogue with the public in this new media landscape, we suggest three courses of action for the neuroscience community: a cultural shift that explicitly recognizes and rewards public outreach, the identification and development of neuroscience communication experts, and ongoing empirical research on the public communication of neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Illes
- Canada Research Chair in Neuroethics, Professor of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, National Core for Neuroethics, The University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Koerner S124, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5 CANADA, Tel: 604.822.0746, neuroethicscanada.ca,
| | - Mary Anne Moser
- Director of Communications, Schulich School of Engineering, Director, Banff Science Communications Program, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 CANADA,
| | - Jennifer B. McCormick
- Assistant Professor of Biomedical Ethics, Departments of Medicine and Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic and College of Medicine, USA,
| | - Eric Racine
- Director, Neuroethics Research Unit, IRCM, 110 avenue des Pins Ouest, Montréal, QC H2W 1R7 CANADA, ircm.qc.ca/neuroethics/en,
| | | | - Arthur Caplan
- Centre for Bioethics, University of Pennsylvania, 3401 Market Street · Suite 320, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA,
| | | | - Jay Ingram
- c/o CTV Inc., 9 Channel Nine Court, Scarborough, Ontario M1S 4B5 CANADA,
| | - Tiffany Lohwater
- Public Engagement Manager, American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 1200 New York Avenue, NW, Washington, DC 20005 USA,
| | - Peter McKnight
- Vancouver Sun, #1 - 200 Granville Street, Vancouver BC V6C 3N3 CANADA,
| | | | - Anthony Phillips
- Institute on Neuroscience, Mental Health and Addiction (INMHA), Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), 2255 Westbrook Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 2A1 CANADA
| | - Kevin D. Sauvé
- National Core for Neuroethics, The University of British Columbia, 2211 Wesbrook Mall, Koerner S124, Vancouver, BC V6T 2B5 CANADA,
| | - Elaine Snell
- European Dana Alliance for the Brain, Snell Communications Ltd, Science, Medicine and Health, PO Box 10461, London SW11 6ZJ UNITED KINGDOM,
| | - Sam Weiss
- Director, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Health Research Innovation Centre – Room 1A10, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, T2N 4N1 CANADA,
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Fins JJ, Illes J, Bernat JL, Hirsch J, Laureys S, Murphy E. Neuroimaging and disorders of consciousness: envisioning an ethical research agenda. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS : AJOB 2008; 8:3-12. [PMID: 18853371 DOI: 10.1080/15265160802318113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The application of neuroimaging technology to the study of the injured brain has transformed how neuroscientists understand disorders of consciousness, such as the vegetative and minimally conscious states, and deepened our understanding of mechanisms of recovery. This scientific progress, and its potential clinical translation, provides an opportunity for ethical reflection. It was against this scientific backdrop that we convened a conference of leading investigators in neuroimaging, disorders of consciousness and neuroethics. Our goal was to develop an ethical frame to move these investigative techniques into mature clinical tools. This paper presents the recommendations and analysis of a Working Meeting on Ethics, Neuroimaging and Limited States of Consciousness held at Stanford University during June 2007. It represents an interdisciplinary approach to the challenges posed by the emerging use of neuroimaging technologies to describe and characterize disorders of consciousness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph J Fins
- Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
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Illes J, Chin VN. Bridging philosophical and practical implications of incidental findings in brain research. THE JOURNAL OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS : A JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF LAW, MEDICINE & ETHICS 2008; 36:298-304, 212. [PMID: 18547198 PMCID: PMC2574504 DOI: 10.1111/j.1748-720x.2008.00273.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Empirical studies and ethical-legal analyses have demonstrated that incidental findings in the brain, most commonly vascular in origin, must be addressed in the current era of imaging research. The challenges, however, are substantial. The discovery and management of incidental findings vary, at minimum, by institutional setting, professional background of investigators, and the inherent differences between research and clinical protocols. In the context of human subjects protections, the challenges of disclosure of unexpected and potentially meaningful clinical information concern privacy and confidentiality, communication, and responsibility for follow-up. Risks, including a blurring of boundaries between research and clinical practice, must be weighed against the possible benefit to subjects and a moral duty to inform. Identification and examination of these challenges have been met by scientific interest and a robust, interdisciplinary response resulting in the pragmatic recommendations discussed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judy Illes
- University of British Columbia, BC, Canada
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