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Yang D, Van Gompel L, Luiken REC, Sanders P, Joosten P, van Heijnsbergen E, Wouters IM, Scherpenisse P, Chauvin C, Wadepohl K, Greve GD, Jongerius-Gortemaker BGM, Tersteeg-Zijderveld MHG, Soumet C, Skarżyńska M, Juraschek K, Fischer J, Wasyl D, Wagenaar JA, Dewulf J, Schmitt H, Mevius DJ, Heederik DJJ, Smit LAM. Association of antimicrobial usage with faecal abundance of aph(3')-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW resistance genes in veal calves in three European countries. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2020; 56:106131. [PMID: 32763373 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND High antimicrobial use (AMU) and antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in veal calves remain a source of concern. As part of the EFFORT project, the association between AMU and the abundance of faecal antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) in veal calves in three European countries was determined. METHODS In 2015, faecal samples of veal calves close to slaughter were collected from farms located in France, Germany and the Netherlands (20 farms in France, 20 farms in the Netherlands and 21 farms in Germany; 25 calves per farm). Standardized questionnaires were used to record AMU and farm characteristics. In total, 405 faecal samples were selected for DNA extraction and quantitative polymerase chain reaction to quantify the abundance (16S normalized concentration) of four ARGs [aph(3')-III, ermB, sul2 and tetW] encoding for resistance to frequently used antimicrobials in veal calves. Multiple linear mixed models with random effects for country and farm were used to relate ARGs to AMU and farm characteristics. RESULTS A significant positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the concentration of sul2 in faeces from veal calves. A higher weight of calves on arrival at the farm was negatively associated with aph(3')-III and ermB. Lower concentrations of aph(3')-III were found at farms with non-commercial animals present. Furthermore, farms using only water for the cleaning of stables had a significantly lower abundance of faecal ermB and tetW compared with other farms. CONCLUSION A positive association was found between the use of trimethoprim/sulfonamides and the abundance of sul2 in faeces in veal calves. Additionally, other relevant risk factors associated with ARGs in veal calves were identified, such as weight on arrival at the farm and cleaning practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongsheng Yang
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
| | - Liese Van Gompel
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Roosmarijn E C Luiken
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pim Sanders
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Joosten
- Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Eri van Heijnsbergen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Inge M Wouters
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Peter Scherpenisse
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Claire Chauvin
- ANSES, Epidemiology, Health and Welfare Unit, Paris, France
| | - Katharina Wadepohl
- Außenstelle für Epidemiologie, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Gerdit D Greve
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Magdalena Skarżyńska
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Katharina Juraschek
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jennie Fischer
- Department of Biological Safety, German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dariusz Wasyl
- Department of Microbiology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland
| | - Jaap A Wagenaar
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen Dewulf
- Veterinary Epidemiology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Heike Schmitt
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, The Netherlands
| | - Dik J Mevius
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Bacteriology and Epidemiology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, The Netherlands
| | - Dick J J Heederik
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Lidwien A M Smit
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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O'Halloran C, Hope JC, Dobromylskyj M, Burr P, McDonald K, Rhodes S, Roberts T, Dampney R, De la Rua-Domenech R, Robinson N, Gunn-Moore DA. An outbreak of tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis infection in a pack of English Foxhounds (2016-2017). Transbound Emerg Dis 2018; 65:1872-1884. [PMID: 30058193 PMCID: PMC6282731 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.12969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis can cause tuberculosis (TB) in social mammals including lions, cattle and man, but canine infections are considered rare. In 2016/17 we investigated a M. bovis TB outbreak in a pack of approximately 180 Foxhounds within the bovine TB Edge Area of England. We employed a combination of immunological tests including an interferon gamma release assay (IGRA) and a serological assay (DPP VetTB, Chembio). Test‐positive hounds were euthanased and subjected to post‐mortem examination (PME). Overall 164 hounds were tested; 97 (59%) responded positively to at least one test. Eighty‐five (52%) dogs responded to M. bovis antigens by IGRA while only 21 (12.9%) had detectable serological responses. At PME three hounds (3.1%) had visible lesions (VL) due to M. bovis infection, later confirmed by culture. Samples from 24 non‐VL hounds were cultured and M. bovis infection was confirmed in a further three hounds (11%). This study is the first investigation and report of an outbreak of M. bovis TB in a canine species. We establish that, in principle, diagnostic tests used for identifying infected individuals of other species can effectively be used in the dog. Further work is urgently needed to establish the sensitivity and specificity of the testing approach used in this study for future clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor O'Halloran
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | - Jayne C Hope
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Tony Roberts
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Addlestone, Surrey, UK
| | | | | | | | - Danielle A Gunn-Moore
- Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK
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Pérez-Lago L, Navarro Y, García-de-Viedma D. Current knowledge and pending challenges in zoonosis caused by Mycobacterium bovis: a review. Res Vet Sci 2013; 97 Suppl:S94-S100. [PMID: 24360647 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Accepted: 11/17/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium bovis is both the causative agent of bovine tuberculosis (TB) and a zoonotic pathogen. In humans, considerably fewer cases of TB are caused by M. bovis than M. tuberculosis; nevertheless, diagnostic limitations mean that currently available data on prevalence grossly underestimate the true dimension of the problem. The routes of transmission from animals to humans are well known and include direct exposure to infected animals or consumption of contaminated animal products. Application of fingerprinting tools facilitates analysis of the molecular epidemiology of M. bovis in animal-to-human and human-to-human transmission. Apart from cattle and M. bovis, other animal species and members within the M. tuberculosis complex can contribute to the zoonosis. Improvements in diagnostic techniques, application of more advanced discriminatory genotyping tools, and collaboration between veterinary and human health care researchers are key to our understanding of this zoonosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Pérez-Lago
- Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CD06/06/0058), Spain
| | - Yurena Navarro
- Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CD06/06/0058), Spain; CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Darío García-de-Viedma
- Servicio de Microbiología Clínica y Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain; CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias-CIBERES (CD06/06/0058), Spain; CEI Campus Moncloa, UCM-UPM, Madrid, Spain.
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