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Wang W, Liu A, Liu X, You N, Wang Z, Chen C, Zhu L, Martinez L, Lu W, Liu Q. Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection in School Contacts of Tuberculosis Cases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2024; 110:1253-1260. [PMID: 38653232 PMCID: PMC11154035 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.23-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Substantial tuberculosis transmission occurs outside of households, and tuberculosis surveillance in schools has recently been proposed. However, the yield of tuberculosis outcomes from school contacts is not well characterized. We assessed the prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection among close school contacts by performing a systematic review. We searched PubMed, Elsevier, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang databases. Studies reporting the number of children who were tested overall and who tested positive were included. Subgroup analyses were performed by study location, index case bacteriological status, type of school, and other relevant factors. In total, 28 studies including 54,707 school contacts screened for M. tuberculosis infection were eligible and included in the analysis. Overall, the prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection determined by the QuantiFERON Gold in-tube test was 33.2% (95% CI, 0.0-73.0%). The prevalences of M. tuberculosis infection based on the tuberculin skin test (TST) using 5 mm, 10 mm, and 15 mm as cutoffs were 27.2% (95% CI, 15.1-39.3%), 24.3% (95% CI, 15.3-33.4%), and 12.7% (95% CI, 6.3-19.0%), respectively. The pooled prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection (using a TST ≥5-mm cutoff) was lower in studies from China (22.8%; 95% CI, 16.8-28.8%) than other regions (36.7%; 95% CI, 18.1-55.2%). The pooled prevalence of M. tuberculosis infection was higher when the index was bacteriologically positive (43.6% [95% CI, 16.5-70.8%] versus 23.8% [95% CI, 16.2-31.4%]). These results suggest that contact investigation and general surveillance in schools from high-burden settings merit consideration as means to improve early case detection in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjin Wang
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Yancheng City, Yancheng, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aohan Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, New York
| | - Xinjie Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Nannan You
- Department of Medical Records and Statistics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhan Wang
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Limei Zhu
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leonardo Martinez
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qiao Liu
- Department of Chronic Communicable Disease, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, People’s Republic of China
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van Doren TP. Sex-based tuberculosis mortality in Newfoundland, 1900-1949: Implications for populations in transition. Am J Hum Biol 2024; 36:e24033. [PMID: 38126589 DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE During the second epidemiological transition, tuberculosis (TB) is one disease that declined substantially enough to reduce all-cause mortality. Sex-based differences in TB mortality may reveal an important dimension of population health transitions between the urbanizing and rural regions of Newfoundland. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the island of Newfoundland, yearly age-standardized sex-based TB mortality rates were calculated using individual death records from 1900 to 1949 (n = 30 393). Multiple linear regression models predict the relative rates (RR) of sex-based mortality and the absolute difference between males and females while controlling for time and region (the urbanizing Avalon Peninsula or rural Newfoundland). Multiple linear regression models also predict the median age at death from TB while controlling for time, region, and sex to assess if TB was shifting to an older adult disease compared to those typically afflicted in ages 20-44. RESULTS Female TB mortality was relatively and absolutely higher than males; additionally, RR and absolute differences between male and female mortality were significantly lower in rural Newfoundland than the Avalon Peninsula. Median age at death for males was significantly higher than females, and differences in median age at death increased over time. DISCUSSION The historically high prevalence of TB throughout Newfoundland, including domestic, social, and public health responsibilities of women, likely contributed to increased exposure and transmission, leading to higher observed mortality. Sex-based TB outcomes should be considered in the discussion of the progression of the epidemiological transition as dynamic inequalities that do not necessarily fit contemporary generalizations of sex-based TB epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor P van Doren
- University of Alaska Anchorage, Institute for Circumpolar Health Studies, Anchorage, Alaska, USA
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Badawi MM, SalahEldin MA, Idris AB, Idris EB, Mohamed SG. Tuberculosis in Sudan: systematic review and meta analysis. BMC Pulm Med 2024; 24:51. [PMID: 38263137 PMCID: PMC10807179 DOI: 10.1186/s12890-024-02865-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Every year, 10 million people fall ill with tuberculosis (TB). Despite being a preventable and curable disease, 1.5 million people die from TB each year -making it the world's top infectious disease. TB is the leading cause of death of people with HIV and also a major contributor to antimicrobial resistance. Its presumed that TB was the cause of 1% of the total deaths among inpatients in Sudan in 2017. The current study is aimed to provide pooled prevalence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis among Sudanese as well as to determine any socio-cultural risk factors associated. A systematic review of the literature was conducted and regulated in accordance with the PRISMA Statement. After abstract and full text screening only twenty-six articles met our inclusion criteria and passed the quality assessment procedure. Pulmonary tuberculosis prevalence was assessed in sixteen included studies among participants from Khartoum, Gezira, Kassala, Blue Nile, River Nile, White Nile, Gadarif, Red sea, North Kordofan, Northern State, Sennar and West Darfur States, representing a total sample size of 11,253 participants of suspected individuals such as febrile outpatients, TB patients' contacts and other groups such as HIV/AIDS patients, hemodialysis patients, School adolescents as well as pregnant women. The pooled prevalence was 30.72% [CI: 30.64, 30.81]. Moreover, Khartoum State recorded the highest pooled prevalence as 41.86% [CI: 14.69, 69.02] based on a total sample size of 2,737 participants. Furthermore, male gender and rural residence were found to be significantly associated with TB infection. Further research with larger sample sizes targeting prevalence and risk factors of TB among Sudanese population is needed to be conducted.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Badawi
- Higher Academy for Strategic and Security Studies, Khartoum, Sudan.
| | - M A SalahEldin
- Medical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - A B Idris
- General Surgery Resident, Medical Specialization Board, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - E B Idris
- Department of medical microbiology, Rashid Medical Complex, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - S G Mohamed
- Medical Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan
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Garba MA, Ogunbosi BO, Musa A, Ibraheem RM, Alao MA, Jiya-Chitumu EN, Olorukooba AA, Makarfi HU, Tahir Y, Ibrahim H, Saidu AA, Bashir MF, Odimegwu CL, Ayuk A, Alkali NH. Trends in pediatric tuberculosis diagnosis utilizing xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/Rifampicin in a poor-resource, high-burden region: A retrospective, multicenter study. Int J Mycobacteriol 2023; 12:77-81. [PMID: 36926767 DOI: 10.4103/ijmy.ijmy_1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The burden of tuberculosis (TB) in Nigeria remains high, and diagnosis in children, a challenge. We aimed to document yield from Xpert Mycobacterium tuberculosis/rifampicin (MTB/RIF) as a mode of diagnosis for children and the variables associated with a positive result. Methods This was a retrospective review of TB treatment cards of children aged 0-15 years managed from January 2017 to December 2021 across six public tertiary institutions in Nigeria. The data obtained were analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics. Statistical significance was set at P < 0.05. Results Of 1489 children commenced on TB treatment, 1463 (97.9%) had sufficient data for analysis the median age of study participants was 60 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 24, 120), and 814 (55.6%) were males. Xpert MTB/RIF test was performed in 862 (59%) participants and MTB was detected in 171 (19.8%) participants, of which 6.4% (11/171) had RIF resistance reported. The use of Xpert MTB/RIF rose from 56.5% in 2017 to 64% in 2020 but fell to 60.9% in 2021. We found that older age (> 10 years), the presence of pulmonary TB (PTB), and a negative human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status were associated with positive Xpert MTB/RIF tests (P = 0.002, 0.001, and 0.012, respectively). Conclusion The utilization of Xpert MTB/RIF in children increased in the years before the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors associated with MTB detection by Xpert MTB/RIF include older age, the presence of PTB, and a negative HIV status. Clinical and radiological evaluation continues to play vital roles in the diagnosis of childhood TB in Nigeria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ahuoiza Garba
- Department of Pediatrics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | | | - Abdullahi Musa
- Department of Pediatrics, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Kaduna State, Nigeria
| | | | - Micheal Abel Alao
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State, Nigeria
| | | | | | | | - Yusuf Tahir
- Department of Pediatrics, Usmanu Danfodio University, Sokoto, Sokoto State, Nigeria
| | - Hafsat Ibrahim
- Department of Paediatrics, Bayero University, Kano, Kano State, Nigeria
| | - Adamu Adamu Saidu
- Department of Pediatrics, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
| | - Muhammad Faruk Bashir
- Department of Pediatrics, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
| | | | - Adaeze Ayuk
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Nura Hamidu Alkali
- Department of Medicine, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria
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Wang W, Chen X, Chen S, Zhang M, Wang W, Hao X, Liu K, Zhang Y, Wu Q, Zhu P, Chen B. The burden and predictors of latent tuberculosis infection among elder adults in high epidemic rural area of tuberculosis in Zhejiang, China. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:990197. [PMID: 36389154 PMCID: PMC9646974 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.990197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diagnosis and treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) is critical to tuberculosis (TB) control. Identifying the risk factors associated with LTBI can contribute to developing an optimized strategy for LTBI management. We conducted a survey of adults aged 65 years and older living in rural areas in Zhejiang Province during July 2021, followed by a one-year follow-up period to determine TB incidence. Participants underwent a physical examination and 5–6 mL of blood was drawn to test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection A total of 1856 individuals participated in the study, of whom 50.5% were men and 80.1% were married. Most participants (96.8%) often opened windows for ventilation at home. One-third (33.4%) of participants had abnormal chest radiographs and 34.9% had LTBI. Nine participants (0.5%) developed active TB patients during the one-year follow-up period. People who frequented closed entertainment places such as chess and card rooms had a relatively high percentage of LTBI (39.5%). Factors associated with a higher risk of LTBI in multivariable logistic regression analysis included being male (odds ratio [OR]:1.32; 95% confidence interval [CI] =:1.01-1.72), smoking (OR: 1.43; 95% CI:1.04-1.97), not opening windows for ventilation at home frequently (OR: 1.88; 95% CI: 1.10–3.22), and abnormal chest radiographs (OR; 1.48; 95% CI; 1.20–1.81). LTBI was prevalent among the elder adults living in high-epidemic rural areas of TB in Zhejiang province. Men, people who smoke, and people without the habit of ventilating at home should be targeted for LTBI screening to accelerate the decline of the TB epidemic in Zhejiang Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyi Chen
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Songhua Chen
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Mingwu Zhang
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of AIDS and Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaogang Hao
- Department of AIDS and Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kui Liu
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- Department of AIDS and Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Chen, ; Ping Zhu,
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Bin Chen, ; Ping Zhu,
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Ibrahim MM, Isyaka TM, Askira UM, Umar JB, Isa MA, Mustapha A, Salihu A. Trends in the incidence of Rifampicin resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection in northeastern Nigeria. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2022.e01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
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Age-period-cohort analysis of pulmonary tuberculosis reported incidence, China, 2006-2020. Infect Dis Poverty 2022; 11:85. [PMID: 35902982 PMCID: PMC9331155 DOI: 10.1186/s40249-022-01009-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) poses a severe public health challenge in China and worldwide. This study evaluated the effects of age, period, and birth cohort on reported incidence trends of TB based on population and refined the characteristics of high-risk groups. Methods Aggregate data that reported pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) cases from China Tuberculosis Management Information System (TBIMS) from 2006 to 2020 were used to analyze effect coefficients through the age–period–cohort (APC) model based on intrinsic estimator (IE) method, and converted them into relative risk (RR) to estimate trends. Results A total of 14.82 million cases of PTB were reported in China from 2006 to 2020, showing a continuous downward trend. The reporting rate increased with age by age group, with 70–74 years old being 2–3 times higher than that in 20–24 years old. APC analysis model showed that age effects were bimodal in 20–24 years old [RR = 2.29, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.73–3.03] and 70–74 years old (RR = 1.95, 95% CI: 1.67–2.27), and lower than the overall average in the groups under 15 years old. Stratified results showed that the risk was higher for women under age 40 than men and higher for men over 40. The risk was higher in urban than in rural areas under 30 years old and slightly higher in rural than in urban between 30 and 64 years old. The risk for 15–34 years old was significantly higher in the east than in other regions. The period effects showed a decreasing trend, and the risk was higher in rural in recent years. Except for cohorts born in 1961–1965 and 2001–2005, where the RR increased, the later the cohort was born, the lower the risk. The cohort 1926–1930 in eastern had the highest risk (RR = 3.49, 95% CI: 2.44–4.98). Conclusions The reported incidence of PTB continued to decline in China from 2006 to 2020. The young (20–24 years old) and the elderly (70–74 years old) were equally at high risk. There were differences in the age, period and cohort effects on PTB incidence among gender, urban–rural and regions. Our findings better reflected the characteristics of high-risk populations, thus contributing to the development of timely and effective intervention strategies, and providing clues for etiological research. Graphical abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40249-022-01009-4.
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Hu B, Wang Y, Wang Z, He X, Wang L, Yuan D, He Y, Jin T, He S. Association of SLC11A1 Polymorphisms With Tuberculosis Susceptibility in the Chinese Han Population. Front Genet 2022; 13:899124. [PMID: 35938025 PMCID: PMC9352942 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.899124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is an important health issue in the world. Although the relation of SLC11A1 polymorphisms with TB risk has been extensively studied, it has not been reported in the northwest Chinese Han population. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the relationships between five polymorphisms in or near the SLC11A1 gene and susceptibility to TB. The Agena MassARRAY platform was conducted for genotyping from 510 TB patients and 508 healthy controls. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were analyzed through logistic regression adjustment age and gender to assess the relationships between polymorphisms and TB risk. Our results identified that rs7608307 was related to increased TB risk in males (CT vs. CC: OR = 1.69, 95%CI: 1.12–2.56, p = 0.013; CT-TT vs. CC: OR = 1.61, 95%CI: 1.08–2.41, p = 0.020) and age ≤41 group (CT vs. CC: OR = 1.66, 95%CI: 1.04–2.65, p = 0.035), respectively. The SNP rs13062 was associated with the TB risk both in males (p = 0.012) and age >41 group (p = 0.021). In addition, we observed that the CC genotype of rs4674301 was correlated with increased TB risk in females (p = 0.043). Our results demonstrated the relationships between polymorphisms (rs7608307, rs4674301, and rs13062) in or near the SLC11A1 gene and age- and sex-specific TB risk in the northwest Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yuhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Zhongtao Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital of Tibet Military Command, Lhasa, China
| | - Xue He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Dongya Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Yongjun He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
| | - Tianbo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Tianbo Jin, , Shumei He,
| | - Shumei He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Mechanism and Intervention Research for Plateau Diseases of Tibet Autonomous Region, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Tibetan Medicine Detection Technology, Ministry of Education, Xianyang, China
- Key Laboratory of High Altitude Hypoxia Environment and Life Health, School of Medicine, Xizang Minzu University, Xianyang, China
- *Correspondence: Tianbo Jin, , Shumei He,
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Peer V, Schwartz N, Green MS. Gender differences in tuberculosis incidence rates-A pooled analysis of data from seven high-income countries by age group and time period. Front Public Health 2022; 10:997025. [PMID: 36703824 PMCID: PMC9873377 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.997025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Gender differences in the incidence rates for tuberculosis are occasionally reported. However, the magnitude and consistency of the differences by age group, among different populations, and over extended periods of time are not clear. Materials and methods We obtained national data from seven countries from open-access internet sites or personal communications with official representatives. We computed the male-to-female incidence rate ratios (IRRs) by country and year for every age group and pooled these ratios using meta-analytic methods. Meta-regression analysis was performed to estimate the contribution of age, country, and calendar years to the variation in the IRRs. Results In the age groups of < 1, 1-4, 5-9, and 10-14, the pooled male-to-female IRRs (with 95% CI) were as follows: 1.21 (1.05, 1.40), 0.99 (0.95, 1.04), 1.01 (0.96, 1.06), and 0.83 (0.77, 0.89), respectively. In the age groups 15-44, 45-64, and 65+ years, incidence rates were significantly higher in men, with IRRs of 1.25 (1.16, 1.35), 1.79 (1.56, 2.06), and 1.81 (1.66, 1.96), respectively. Meta-regression analysis revealed that age significantly contributed to the variation in the IRRs. Conclusions There were gender differences in the incidence rates for tuberculosis, with higher rates in boys aged less than one, no significant differences in boys of ages 1-9, and higher rates in boys/men older than 15. The only excess in female gender was in the age group 10-14 years. The age-related gender differences in tuberculosis incidence rates observed over several countries indicate the importance of including sex as a biological variable when assessing the risk factors for tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Peer
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Naama Schwartz
- School of Public Health, University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
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Associations of genetic variants at TAP1 and TAP2 with pulmonary tuberculosis risk among the Chinese population. Epidemiol Infect 2021; 149:e79. [PMID: 33736739 PMCID: PMC8080186 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268821000613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a common infectious disease, and the present study aims to explore the associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at rs1135216 and rs1057141 of transporter-associated antigen processing (TAP1) and rs2228396 of TAP2 with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) risk. A case-control study including 168 smear-positive PTB cases and 251 controls was conducted. Genotyping of the SNPs at rs1135216, rs1057141 and rs2228396 was performed, and their associations with PTB risk were analysed with SPSS software version 19.0. After conducting stratification for age, a significant association was detected for rs1057141 with increased PTB risk (OR = 0.17, 95% CI 0.04-0.79) among those aged ≥60 years. For those aged <60 years, a marginally significant association was detected between rs1135216 TC/CC and PTB risk (OR = 1.97, 95% CI 0.93-4.19). Haplotype analysis revealed that the haplotype AT at rs1135216 and rs2228396, as well as AAT at rs1057141, rs1135216 and rs2228396, was associated with increased PTB risk, and the ORs were 2.83 (95% CI 1.30-6.14) and 2.89 (95% CI 1.34-6.27), respectively. Rs1057141 is a genetic predictor of reduced PTB risk for those aged ≥60 years, while rs1135216 might be a potential genetic predictor for those aged <60 years. Haplotype AT at rs1135216 and rs2228396, as well as AAT at rs1057141, rs1135216 and rs2228396, is a genetic marker that may predict PTB risk.
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Arriaga MB, Amorim G, Queiroz ATL, Rodrigues MMS, Araújo-Pereira M, Nogueira BMF, Souza AB, Rocha MS, Benjamin A, Moreira ASR, de Oliveira JG, Figueiredo MC, Turner MM, Alves K, Durovni B, Lapa-E-Silva JR, Kritski AL, Cavalcante S, Rolla VC, Cordeiro-Santos M, Sterling TR, Andrade BB. Novel stepwise approach to assess representativeness of a large multicenter observational cohort of tuberculosis patients: The example of RePORT Brazil. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 103:110-118. [PMID: 33197582 PMCID: PMC7959330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major goal of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiological studies is to obtain results that can be generalized to the larger population with TB. The ability to extrapolate findings on the determinants of TB treatment outcomes is also important. METHODS We compared baseline clinical and demographic characteristics and determinants of anti-TB treatment outcomes between persons enrolled in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort between June 2015 and June 2019, and the registry of TB cases reported to the Brazilian National TB Program (Information System for Notifiable Diseases [SINAN]) during the same time period. Multivariable regression models adjusted for the study site were performed using second-generation p-values, a novel statistical approach. Associations with unfavorable treatment outcomes were tested for both RePORT-Brazil and SINAN cohorts. FINDINGS A total of 1,060 culture-confirmed TB patients were enrolled in RePORT-Brazil and 455,873 TB cases were reported to SINAN. Second-generation p-value analyses revealed that the cohorts were strikingly similar with regard to sex, age, use of antiretroviral therapy and positive initial smear sputum microscopy. However, diabetes, HIV infection, and smoking were more frequently documented in RePORT-Brazil. Illicit drug use, the presence of diabetes, and history of prior TB were associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes; illicit drug use was associated with such outcomes in both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS There were important similarities in demographic characteristics and determinants of clinical outcomes between the RePORT-Brazil cohort and the Brazilian National registry of TB cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María B Arriaga
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amorim
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Artur T L Queiroz
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Moreno M S Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Análise e Visualização de Dados, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Betania M F Nogueira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Brito Souza
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Michael S Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Aline Benjamin
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana S R Moreira
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Megan M Turner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kleydson Alves
- Ministério da Saúde, National Tuberculosis Control Program, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Betina Durovni
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R Lapa-E-Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Solange Cavalcante
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valeria C Rolla
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador, Brazil; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate University, Salvador, Brazil.
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Lwin TT, Apidechkul T, Saising J, Upala P, Tamornpark R, Chomchoei C, Yeemard F, Suttana W, Sunsern R. Prevalence and determinants of TB infection in a rural population in northeastern Myanmar. BMC Infect Dis 2020; 20:904. [PMID: 33256645 PMCID: PMC7706037 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05646-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) is a major human threat, as evidenced by the large numbers of cases and deaths, particularly in developing countries with poor economic and educational statuses. Myanmar has one of the highest TB burdens in the world, but no TB information is available for people living in the rural northeastern regions of Myanmar. The present study estimated the prevalence of TB and identified factors associated with TB infection in people living in rural communities in Shan State. METHODS A cross-sectional study was performed to gather information from participants. People aged 18-59 years who lived in the three areas with the highest numbers of TB cases in Shan State in northeastern Myanmar were included in the study population. A simple random method was used to select the sample from the villages. A validated questionnaire was used for data collection in face-to-face interviews after obtaining signed informed consent from the selected participants. The Mantoux tuberculin skin test (TST) was administered to detect TB infection, and a result that was 10 mm or greater after 48 h was considered positive. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression were used to identify the associations between the variables at a significance level of α = 0.05. RESULTS A total of 303 participants were recruited for the study; 64.7% were females, and the mean age was 37 years (SD = 12.5). Most participants were Burmese (25.4%), and 14.95% were Shan. Sixty-three participants (20.8%) had a positive TST. Four variables were associated with TB infection in the multivariate model. Males had a greater chance of TB infection than females (AOR = 2.51; 95% CI = 1.32-4.76). Participants who were ever married had a greater chance of TB infection than participants who were single (AOR = 3.93; 95% CI = 1.18-13.00). Participants who used wood and charcoal as their main sources of energy for cooking had a greater chance of TB infection than participants who used electricity (AOR = 4.23; 95% CI = 1.25-9.64). Participants who had a low level of TB prevention and care knowledge had a greater chance of TB infection than participants with a high level of TB prevention and care knowledge (AOR = 4.49; 95% CI = 1.88-10.72). CONCLUSIONS Public health programs that focus on improving knowledge of TB prevention and care and avoiding the use of wood and charcoal as the primary sources of energy for cooking, particularly in males and ever-married individuals, are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theint Theint Lwin
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Lunag University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Tawatchai Apidechkul
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Lunag University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
- Center of Excellence for Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Jongkon Saising
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Lunag University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Panupong Upala
- Center of Excellence for Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Ratipark Tamornpark
- Center of Excellence for Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Chalitar Chomchoei
- Center of Excellence for Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Fartima Yeemard
- Center of Excellence for Hill Tribe Health Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Wipob Suttana
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Lunag University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
| | - Rachanee Sunsern
- School of Health Science, Mae Fah Lunag University, Chiang Rai, 57100 Thailand
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dos Santos VM. Pulmonary tuberculosis in young people. RUSSIAN OPEN MEDICAL JOURNAL 2019. [DOI: 10.15275/rusomj.2019.0413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis is a global health problem and the main cause of death in the whole world. Young individuals are significantly affected in the low- and medium income countries. The children are more often infected by close contact with familiar adults at home, and lung tuberculosis with cavities plays a major role in environmental contamination. Their primary infection may evolve to primary tuberculosis without specific manifestations. The diagnostic challenges may be solved by higher clinical suspicion index associated with complementary investigation tools including tuberculin skin test and chest X-rays. These comments aim to enhance the awareness of lung tuberculosis at younger ages.
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A combined measure of tuberculous lesions for assessing the efficacy of vaccination against tuberculosis (Mycobacterium bovis) in European badgers (Meles meles) supports the 3Rs principle of reduction. Vaccine 2019; 39:1661-1666. [PMID: 31733947 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.10.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An oral vaccine is a potential tool to tackle the reservoir of Mycobacterium bovis in European badgers (Meles meles), which contributes to tuberculosis of cattle in the British Isles. Inferences about vaccine protection against experimental challenge with M. bovis depend on the measurement of tuberculosis. Assessment of tuberculosis in larger species, such as badgers, is typically based on the tuberculous lesions visible at post-mortem examination and histopathology. We have developed a robust scoring system for tuberculous lesions by combining several parallel measures, which we call the "disease burden score" (DBS). METHODS Alternative scoring systems were compared within a regression analysis applied to observations from a total of 168 badgers from eight studies, including 107 badgers subjected to vaccination treatment and 61 non-vaccinated controls. The analysis included incidental observations that were recorded from each badger as potential covariate factors explaining some of the variation among animals sourced from the wild. RESULTS DBS was found to be the most accurate and reliable of the scoring systems compared. By taking account of significant covariates affecting disease, application of the DBS reduced residual variance by 22.9%. A previously used measure, based on assessment of visible lesions, was suboptimal due to non-uniform variance that increased with expected value, although square root transformation addressed this issue. The covariate model fitted to DBS included sex (males had higher DBS), weight (negatively associated with DBS) and immunological evidence of prior exposure to Mycobacterium avium (positively associated with DBS). CONCLUSIONS We identified improved measures of tuberculous disease derived from data already collected. We also demonstrated that the proper scaling of measurements of disease in such models is necessary and can be determined empirically. The covariates which were most strongly associated with the severity of disease are important in experimental studies involving outbred animals with variable background.
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Bello-López JM, León-García G, Rojas-Bernabé A, Fernández-Sánchez V, García-Hernández O, Mancilla Rámirez J, Ibáñez-Cervantes G. Morbidity Trends and Risk of Tuberculosis: Mexico 2007-2017. Can Respir J 2019; 2019:8295261. [PMID: 31178943 PMCID: PMC6501252 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8295261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To know the current status of the epidemiological and geographic distribution of tuberculosis and its complication meningeal tuberculosis in Mexico, this work analyzes national surveillance data (ten years) issued by the General Directorate of Epidemiology (GDE). Methods An observational and retrospective analysis of monthly and annual reports of pulmonary and meningeal tuberculosis cases from January 2007 to December 2017 was performed on the annual reports issued by the GDE in Mexico. The number of cases and incidence were classified by year, state, age group, gender, and seasons. Results A national case distribution map of pulmonary and meningeal tuberculosis incidence was generated. During this period, a total of 184,003 and 3,388 cases were reported with a median of 16,727.5 and 308 cases per year for pulmonary and meningeal tuberculosis diseases, respectively. The number of cases and incidence of pulmonary and meningeal tuberculosis per year showed that male gender presented a continuous increase in both parameters. The geographic analysis of the distribution of cases of tuberculosis showed that states like Guerrero, Tabasco, and Veracruz presented higher means of tuberculosis cases during this period. Northern states had the highest number of cases in the country compared to other states. In Mexico, pulmonary tuberculosis and meningeal tuberculosis are seasonal. Interestingly, cases of meningeal tuberculosis show an increase during October and November (autumn). Conclusions In Mexico, during the years 2007-2017, there has been an increase in the proportion of male TB patients. It remains necessary to implement strategies to detect TB in the adult population, especially among men, because tuberculosis could be difficult to recognize in an early stage in the population, and the appearance of resistant strains can cause an increase in the incidence of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Bello-López
- Unidad de Investigación en Microbiología y Toxicología, Hospital Juárez de México, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 5160, Col. Magdalena de las Salinas, 07360 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gregorio León-García
- Hospital de la Mujer, SSA, Salvador Díaz Mirón 374, Col. Santo Tomas, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
- Centro Médico y de Investigaciones Científicas Fundación CIAM ESPERAS, A.C., Felipe Carrillo Puerto 181, Col. Popotla, 11400 Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Araceli Rojas-Bernabé
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | | | - Omar García-Hernández
- Unidad de Investigación en Medicina Experimental, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Javier Mancilla Rámirez
- Hospital de la Mujer, SSA, Salvador Díaz Mirón 374, Col. Santo Tomas, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Ibáñez-Cervantes
- Hospital de la Mujer, SSA, Salvador Díaz Mirón 374, Col. Santo Tomas, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
- Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Salvador Díaz Mirón, Col. Casco de Santo Tomas, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
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