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Ridolfi F, Amorim G, Peetluk LS, Haas DW, Staats C, Araújo-Pereira M, Cordeiro-Santos M, Kritski AL, Figueiredo MC, Andrade BB, Rolla VC, Sterling TR. Prediction Models for Adverse Drug Reactions During Tuberculosis Treatment in Brazil. J Infect Dis 2024; 229:813-823. [PMID: 38262629 PMCID: PMC10938211 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiae025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) treatment-related adverse drug reactions (TB-ADRs) can negatively affect adherence and treatment success rates. METHODS We developed prediction models for TB-ADRs, considering participants with drug-susceptible pulmonary TB who initiated standard TB therapy. TB-ADRs were determined by the physician attending the participant, assessing causality to TB drugs, the affected organ system, and grade. Potential baseline predictors of TB-ADR included concomitant medication (CM) use, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), age, body mass index (BMI), sex, substance use, and TB drug metabolism variables (NAT2 acetylator profiles). The models were developed through bootstrapped backward selection. Cox regression was used to evaluate TB-ADR risk. RESULTS There were 156 TB-ADRs among 102 of the 945 (11%) participants included. Most TB-ADRs were hepatic (n = 82 [53%]), of moderate severity (grade 2; n = 121 [78%]), and occurred in NAT2 slow acetylators (n = 62 [61%]). The main prediction model included CM use, HbA1c, alcohol use, HIV seropositivity, BMI, and age, with robust performance (c-statistic = 0.79 [95% confidence interval {CI}, .74-.83) and fit (optimism-corrected slope and intercept of -0.09 and 0.94, respectively). An alternative model replacing BMI with NAT2 had similar performance. HIV seropositivity (hazard ratio [HR], 2.68 [95% CI, 1.75-4.09]) and CM use (HR, 5.26 [95% CI, 2.63-10.52]) increased TB-ADR risk. CONCLUSIONS The models, with clinical variables and with NAT2, were highly predictive of TB-ADRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Ridolfi
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amorim
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Lauren S Peetluk
- Division of Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Optum Epidemiology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David W Haas
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Cody Staats
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Curso de Medicina, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
- Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Curso de Medicina, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica e Translacional, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Valeria C Rolla
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
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Araújo-Pereira M, Arriaga MB, Carvalho ACC, Spener-Gomes R, Schmaltz CAS, Nogueira BMF, Figueiredo MC, Turner MM, Cordeiro-Santos M, Rolla VC, Sterling TR, Andrade BB, Kritski AL. Isoniazid Monoresistance and Antituberculosis Treatment Outcome in Persons With Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Brazil. Open Forum Infect Dis 2024; 11:ofad691. [PMID: 38221983 PMCID: PMC10785213 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofad691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background The high burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis (TB) is a problem to achieve the goals of the End TB Strategy by 2035. Whether isoniazid monoresistance (Hr) affects anti-TB treatment (ATT) outcomes remains unknown in high-burden countries. Methods We evaluated determinants of ATT outcome among pulmonary TB cases reported to the National Notifiable Disease Information System (SINAN) between June 2015 and June 2019, according to drug sensitivity testing (DST) results. Binomial logistic regression models were employed to evaluate whether Hr was associated with an unfavorable ATT outcome: death or failure, compared to cure or treatment completion. Results Among 60 804 TB cases reported in SINAN, 21 197 (34.9%) were included in the study. In this database, the frequency of unfavorable outcomes was significantly higher in those with Hr in contrast to isoniazid-sensitive persons with pulmonary TB (9.1% vs 3.05%; P < .001). Using a binomial logistic regression model, Hr was independently associated with unfavorable outcomes (odds ratio, 3.34 [95% confidence interval, 2.06-5.40]; P < .001). Conclusions Hr detected prior to ATT was predictive of unfavorable outcomes at the national level in Brazil. Our data reinforce the need for high-TB-burden countries to prioritize DST to detect Hr. Effective treatment regimens for Hr-TB are needed to improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica e Translacional, Curso de Medicina, Curso Universitário Faculdades de Tecnologias e Ciência, Salvador, Brazil
| | - María B Arriaga
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Anna Cristina C Carvalho
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Complexo hospitalar Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Spener-Gomes
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Carolina A S Schmaltz
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Betânia M F Nogueira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica e Translacional, Curso de Medicina, Curso Universitário Faculdades de Tecnologias e Ciência, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Megan M Turner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Carlos Borborema, Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Valeria C Rolla
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica e Translacional, Curso de Medicina, Curso Universitário Faculdades de Tecnologias e Ciência, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Complexo hospitalar Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Amorim G, Jaworski J, Cordeiro-Santos M, Kritski AL, Figueiredo MC, Turner M, Andrade BB, Velez Edwards DR, Santos AR, Rolla VC, Sterling TR, Haas DW. Pharmacogenetics of tuberculosis treatment toxicity and effectiveness in a large Brazilian cohort. medRxiv 2023:2023.08.30.23294860. [PMID: 37693472 PMCID: PMC10491388 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.30.23294860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Background Genetic polymorphisms have been associated with risk of anti-tuberculosis treatment toxicity. We characterized associations with adverse events and treatment failure/recurrence among adults treated for tuberculosis in Brazil. Methods Participants were followed in Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil. We included persons with culture-confirmed drug-susceptible pulmonary tuberculosis who started treatment between 2015-2019, and who were evaluable for pharmacogenetics. Treatment included 2 months of isoniazid, rifampin or rifabutin, pyrazinamide, and ethambutol, then 4 months of isoniazid and rifampin or rifabutin, with 24 month follow-up. Analyses included 43 polymorphisms in 20 genes related to anti-tuberculosis drug hepatotoxicity or pharmacokinetics. Whole exome sequencing was done in a case-control toxicity subset. Results Among 903 participants in multivariable genetic association analyses, NAT2 slow acetylator status was associated with increased risk of treatment-related grade 2 or greater adverse events, including hepatotoxicity. Treatment failure/recurrence was more likely among NAT2 rapid acetylators, but not statistically significant at the 5% level. A GSTM1 polymorphism (rs412543) was associated with increased risk of treatment-related adverse events, including hepatotoxicity. SLCO1B1 polymorphisms were associated with increased risk of treatment- related hepatoxicity and treatment failure/recurrence. Polymorphisms in NR1/2 were associated with decreased risk of adverse events and increased risk of failure/recurrence. In whole exome sequencing, hepatotoxicity was associated with a polymorphism in VTI1A , and the genes METTL17 and PRSS57 , but none achieved genome-wide significance. Conclusions In a clinical cohort representing three regions of Brazil, NAT2 acetylator status was associated with risk for treatment-related adverse events. Additional significant polymorphisms merit investigation in larger study populations.
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Araújo-Pereira M, Nogueira BMF, Spener-Gomes R, Carvalho ACC, Sant'Anna FM, Figueiredo MC, Turner MM, Kritski AL, Cordeiro-Santos M, Rolla VC, Sterling TR, Andrade BB. Anemia and anti-tuberculosis treatment outcome in persons with pulmonary tuberculosis: A multi-center prospective cohort study. J Infect Public Health 2023; 16:974-980. [PMID: 37121049 PMCID: PMC10194045 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major plague of humanity. People with TB (PWTB) are commonly anemic. Here, we assessed whether the severity of anemia in PWTB prior to anti-TB treatment (ATT) was a risk factor for an unfavorable outcome. METHODS Patients ≥ 18 years old with culture-confirmed drug-susceptible pulmonary TB enrolled between 2015 and 2019 in a multi-center Brazilian cohort were followed for up to 24 months and classified according to anemia severity (mild, moderate, and severe), based on hemoglobin levels. A multinomial logistic regression model was employed to assess whether anemia was associated with unfavorable outcome (death, failure, loss to follow-up, regimen modification or relapse), compared to treatment success (cure or treatment completion). RESULTS Among 786 participants who met inclusion criteria, 441 (56 %) were anemic at baseline. Patients with moderate/severe anemia were more HIV-seropositive, as well as more symptomatic and had higher frequencies of unfavorable outcomes compared to the other groups. Moderate/severe anemia (adjusted OR [aOR]: 7.80, 95 %CI:1.34-45.4, p = 0.022) was associated with death independent of sex, age, BMI, HIV and glycemic status. CONCLUSION Moderate/severe anemia prior to ATT was a significant risk factor for death. Such patients should be closely monitored given the high risk of unfavorable ATT outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Universidade FTC, Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Betânia M F Nogueira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Renata Spener-Gomes
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Anna C C Carvalho
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Flávia Marinho Sant'Anna
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Megan M Turner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Valeria C Rolla
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Universidade FTC, Salvador, Brazil.
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Villalva-Serra K, Barreto-Duarte B, Nunes VM, Menezes RC, Rodrigues MMS, Queiroz ATL, Arriaga MB, Cordeiro-Santos M, Kritski AL, Sterling TR, Araújo-Pereira M, Andrade BB. Tuberculosis treatment outcomes of diabetic and non-diabetic TB/HIV co-infected patients: A nationwide observational study in Brazil. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:972145. [PMID: 36186793 PMCID: PMC9523014 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.972145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis (TB) is a worldwide public health problem, especially in countries that also report high numbers of people living with HIV (PLWH) and/or diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the unique features of persons with TB-HIV-DM are incompletely understood. This study compared anti-TB treatment (ATT) outcomes of diabetic and non-diabetic TB/HIV co-infected patients. Methods A nationwide retrospective observational investigation was performed with data from the Brazilian Tuberculosis Database System among patients reported to have TB-HIV co-infection between 2014 and 2019. This database includes all reported TB cases in Brazil. Exploratory and association analyses compared TB treatment outcomes in DM and non-DM patients. Unfavorable outcomes were defined as death, treatment failure, loss to follow-up or recurrence. Multivariable stepwise logistic regressions were used to identify the variables associated with unfavorable ATT outcomes in the TB-HIV population. Results Of the 31,070 TB-HIV patients analyzed, 999 (3.2%) reported having DM. However, in these TB-HIV patients, DM was not associated with any unfavorable treatment outcome [adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR): 0.97, 95% CI: 0.83-1.12, p = 0.781]. Furthermore, DM was also not associated with any specific type of unfavorable outcome in this study. In both the TB-HIV group and the TB-HIV-DM subpopulation, use of alcohol, illicit drugs and tobacco, as well as non-white ethnicity and prior TB were all characteristics more frequently observed in persons who experienced an unfavorable ATT outcome. Conclusion DM is not associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes in persons with TB-HIV, including death, treatment failure, recurrence and loss to follow up. However, consumption habits, non-white ethnicity and prior TB are all more frequently detected in those with unfavorable outcomes in both TB-HIV and TB-HIV-DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klauss Villalva-Serra
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil,Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Vanessa M. Nunes
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo C. Menezes
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil,Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil,Grupo de Estudos em Medicina Intensiva (GEMINI), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Moreno M. S. Rodrigues
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil,Laboratório de Análise e Visualização de Dados, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Artur T. L. Queiroz
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - María B. Arriaga
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil,Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil,Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander Von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil,Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L. Kritski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil,Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy R. Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil,Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil,Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Ciência e Tecnologia (UNIFTC), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil,Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States,Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Ciência e Tecnologia (UNIFTC), Salvador, Brazil,*Correspondence: Bruno B. Andrade
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Wada PY, Costa AG, Araújo-Pereira M, Barreto-Duarte B, Souza AB, Rocha MS, Figueiredo MC, Turner MM, Rolla VC, Kritski AL, Cordeiro-Santos M, Andrade BB, Sterling TR, Rebeiro PF. Possible sex difference in latent tuberculosis infection risk among close tuberculosis contacts. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 122:685-692. [PMID: 35843494 PMCID: PMC10041676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES More men than women develop and die of tuberculosis (TB). Fewer data exist on sex differences in latent TB infection (LTBI). We assessed for potential sex differences in LTBI acquisition among close TB contacts. METHODS Regional Prospective Observational Research for TB-Brazil is an observational multi-center cohort of individuals with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB and their close contacts. Participants were enrolled from five sites in Brazil from June 2015 - June 2019. Close contacts were followed for 24 months after enrollment, with LTBI defined as a positive interferon-γ release assay (IGRA; QuantiFERON 3rd or 4th generation) at baseline or 6 months. We performed univariate, bivariate, and multivariable logistic regression and propensity-score weighted models to assess odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for LTBI acquisition by birth sex among close contacts. RESULTS Of 1093, 504 (46%) female close contacts were IGRA positive compared to 295 of 745 (40%) men. The unadjusted OR for IGRA positivity among women vs men was 1.31 (95% CI: 1.08-1.58). Bivariate adjustments yielded ORs in women vs men ranging from 1.19 to 1.33 (P-value range: <0.01-0.07). Multivariable regression and weighted models yielded similar ORs in women vs men, of 1.14 (95% CI: 0.92-1.41) and 1.15 (95% CI: 0.94-1.40), respectively. CONCLUSION The point estimate for LTBI among close TB contacts in Brazil was higher in women, though less pronounced in multivariable models. If the sex difference in LTBI is confirmed in additional settings, studies of possible underlying differences in socio-behavioral factors or TB pathogenesis are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Y Wada
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA.
| | - Allyson G Costa
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alexandra B Souza
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil
| | - Michael S Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Megan M Turner
- Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
| | - Valeria C Rolla
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas (UEA), Manaus, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA; Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate Universities, Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (FTC), Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA; Vanderbilt Tuberculosis Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA.
| | - Peter F Rebeiro
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, USA
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Sobral L, Arriaga MB, Souza AB, Araújo-Pereira M, Barreto-Duarte B, Sales C, Rocha MS, Benjamin A, Moreira AS, de Oliveira JG, Carvalho AC, Spener-Gomes R, Figueiredo MC, Cavalcante S, Durovni B, Lapa-e-Silva JR, Kritski AL, Rolla VC, Sterling TR, Cordeiro-Santos M, Andrade BB. Determinants of losses in the tuberculosis infection cascade of care among children and adolescent contacts of pulmonary tuberculosis cases: A Brazilian multi-centre longitudinal study. Lancet Reg Health Am 2022; 15:100358. [PMID: 36438860 PMCID: PMC9696515 DOI: 10.1016/j.lana.2022.100358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Approximately 10% of the global tuberculosis (TB) burden is in children. Identification, diagnosis, and early treatment of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (TBI) is critical to prevent progression to TB in children. The risk of TB, including severe disease, is highest in children <5 years old. We evaluated the cascade of TBI care among child and adolescent TB contacts to identify factors associated with losses in the cascade. Methods Close contacts ≤ 18 years old of pulmonary TB patients enrolled between 2015 and 2019 in a multi-centre Brazilian cohort were followed for up to 24 months and classified according to age groups: <5 years, 5-9 years, 10-14 years and 15-18 years. Data on clinical investigation, radiographic examination, IGRA testing at baseline and 6 months, initiation and completion of TB preventive treatment (TPT) were collected. Multivariable regression analyses identified factors associated with TBI and losses in the cascade of care in children and adolescents. Findings Among 1795 TB contacts initially identified, 530 (29·5%) were ≤18 years old. Losses for all steps in the cascade were especially high in children <5 years old (88%) because at this age all contacts are recommended to initiate TPT. As a proportion of all children, completion of TPT was low (between 10% and 13%) in all age-groups. Furthermore, multivariable regression revealed that younger age of contacts and TB index cases who were female, had pulmonary cavities, and persistent cough were independently associated with losses in the cascade of care among persons ≤18 years old. Interpretation Losses in the TBI cascade were the highest among children <5 years, which was the group at highest risk for TB among the four age groups. The findings highlight the need to improve screening, initiation, and completion of TPT of young children who are close contacts of people with TB in Brazil. Funding National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciana Sobral
- Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil
| | - María B. Arriaga
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Alexandra B. Souza
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caio Sales
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Michael S. Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Aline Benjamin
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana S.R. Moreira
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Anna Cristina Carvalho
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Renata Spener-Gomes
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Marina C. Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Solange Cavalcante
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Betina Durovni
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R. Lapa-e-Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L. Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valeria C. Rolla
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy R. Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Bruno B. Andrade
- Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
- Corresponding author at: Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rua Waldemar Falcão, 121, Candeal, Salvador, Bahia 40296-710, Brazil.
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8
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Arriaga MB, Karim F, Queiroz ATL, Araújo-Pereira M, Barreto-Duarte B, Sales C, Moosa MYS, Mazibuko M, Milne GL, Maruri F, Serezani CH, Koethe JR, Figueiredo MC, Kritski AL, Cordeiro-Santos M, Rolla VC, Sterling TR, Leslie A, Andrade BB. Effect of Dysglycemia on Urinary Lipid Mediator Profiles in Persons With Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Front Immunol 2022; 13:919802. [PMID: 35874781 PMCID: PMC9304990 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.919802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oxidized lipid mediators such as eicosanoids play a central role in the inflammatory response associated with tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis. Diabetes mellitus (DM) leads to marked changes in lipid mediators in persons with TB. However, the associations between diabetes-related changes in lipid mediators and clearance of M. tuberculosis (Mtb) among persons on anti-TB treatment (ATT) are unknown. Quantification of urinary eicosanoid metabolites can provide insights into the circulating lipid mediators involved in Mtb immune responses. Methods We conducted a multi-site prospective observational study among adults with drug-sensitive pulmonary TB and controls without active TB; both groups had sub-groups with or without dysglycemia at baseline. Participants were enrolled from RePORT-Brazil (Salvador site) and RePORT-South Africa (Durban site) and stratified according to TB status and baseline glycated hemoglobin levels: a) TB-dysglycemia (n=69); b) TB-normoglycemia (n=64); c) non-TB/dysglycemia (n=31); d) non-TB/non-dysglycemia (n=29). We evaluated the following urinary eicosanoid metabolites: 11α-hydroxy-9,15-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetranor-prostane-1,20-dioic acid (major urinary metabolite of prostaglandin E2, PGE-M), tetranor-PGE1 (metabolite of PGE2, TN-E), 9α-hydroxy-11,15-dioxo-2,3,4,5-tetranor-prostane-1,20-dioic acid (metabolite of PGD2, PGD-M), 11-dehydro-thromboxane B2 (11dTxB2), 2,3-dinor-6-keto-PGF1α (prostaglandin I metabolite, PGI-M), and leukotriene E4 (LTE4). Comparisons between the study groups were performed at three time points: before ATT and 2 and 6 months after initiating therapy. Results PGE-M and LTE4 values were consistently higher at all three time-points in the TB-dysglycemia group compared to the other groups (p<0.001). In addition, there was a significant decrease in PGI-M and LTE4 levels from baseline to month 6 in the TB-dysglycemia and TB-normoglycemia groups. Finally, TB-dysglycemia was independently associated with increased concentrations of PGD-M, PGI-M, and LTE4 at baseline in a multivariable model adjusting for age, sex, BMI, and study site. These associations were not affected by HIV status. Conclusion The urinary eicosanoid metabolite profile was associated with TB-dysglycemia before and during ATT. These observations can help identify the mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of TB-dysglycemia, and potential biomarkers of TB treatment outcomes, including among persons with dysglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- María B Arriaga
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru
| | - Farina Karim
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Artur T L Queiroz
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Caio Sales
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Matilda Mazibuko
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nelson R. Mandela School of Clinical Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Ginger L Milne
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Fernanda Maruri
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Carlos Henrique Serezani
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - John R Koethe
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Valeria C Rolla
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Alasdair Leslie
- Africa Health Research Institute, Durban, South Africa.,Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.,Curso de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil
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9
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Carvalho ACC, Kritski AL. Community-based intervention and health education to scale up TB preventive treatment for children. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:587-589. [PMID: 35768924 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A C C Carvalho
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - A L Kritski
- Academic Tuberculosis Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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10
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Kritski AL, Viveiros M, Carvalho ACC. Rapid molecular diagnostics to detect resistance to second-line anti-TB drugs. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2022; 26:385-387. [PMID: 35505483 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.22.0121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A L Kritski
- Academic Tuberculosis Program, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - M Viveiros
- Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A C C Carvalho
- Laboratory of Innovations in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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11
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Calderon RI, Arriaga MB, Aliaga JG, Barreda NN, Sanabria OM, Barreto-Duarte B, Franco JPD, Lecca L, Andrade BB, Carvalho ACC, Kritski AL. Persistent dysglycemia is associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis from Peru. Int J Infect Dis 2022; 116:293-301. [PMID: 35033658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dysglycemia (i.e., prediabetes or diabetes) on patients with tuberculosis (PWTB) was associated with increased odds of mortality and treatment failure. Whether such association holds when dysglycemia is transient or persistent is unknown. Here we tested the association between persistent dysglycemia (PD) during anti-TB treatment and unfavorable treatment outcomes in PWTB from Lima, Peru. METHODS PWTB enrolled between February and November 2017 were followed for 24-months. Dysglycemia was measured by fasting glucose and HbA1c at baseline, 2nd-and 6th-month of TB treatment. PD was defined as dysglycemia detected in two different visits. The association between PD and unfavorable TB treatment outcome was evaluated by logistic regression. RESULTS Among 125 PWTB, PD prevalence was 29.6%. PD was associated with more lung lesion types, higher bacillary loads, low hemoglobin and high body mass index (BMI). Unfavorable TB treatment outcome was associated with older age, higher BMI, more lung lesion types and PD. After adjusting for age, hemoglobin levels, smoking and smear grade, PD was independently associated with unfavorable treatment (aOR: 6.1; 95%CI: 1.9-19.6). CONCLUSION Persistent dysglycemia is significantly associated with higher odds of unfavorable TB treatment outcomes. Dysglycemia control trough anti-TB treatment gives the opportunity to introduce appropriate interventions to TB management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger I Calderon
- Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima 15001, Peru; Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil; Grupo de Investigación en Bioquímica y Biología Sintética, Universidad Nacional Federico Villarreal, Lima, Peru.
| | - María B Arriaga
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia 40269-710, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia 40110-100, Brazil; Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Bahia 40210-320, Brazil.
| | - Juan G Aliaga
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Nadia N Barreda
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine. Harvard Medical School. Boston, United States of America.
| | | | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.
| | - João Pedro Duarte Franco
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Leonid Lecca
- Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima 15001, Peru; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine. Harvard Medical School. Boston, United States of America.
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.
| | - Anna Cristina Calçada Carvalho
- Curso de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil.
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil.
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12
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Arriaga MB, Rocha MS, Nogueira BMF, Nascimento V, Araújo-Pereira M, Souza AB, Andrade AMS, Costa AG, Gomes-Silva A, Silva EC, Figueiredo MC, Turner MM, Durovni B, Lapa-e-Silva JR, Kritski AL, Cavalcante S, Rolla VC, Cordeiro-Santos M, Sterling TR, Andrade BB. The Effect of Diabetes and Prediabetes on Mycobacterium tuberculosis Transmission to Close Contacts. J Infect Dis 2021; 224:2064-2072. [PMID: 34008010 PMCID: PMC8672762 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unknown whether dysglycemia is associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission. METHODS We assessed epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis and their close contacts, enrolled in a multicenter prospective cohort in Brazil. Contacts were investigated at baseline and 6 months after enrollment. QuantiFERON positivity at baseline and conversion (from negative to positive at month 6) were compared between subgroups of contacts according to glycemic status of persons with tuberculosis (PWTB) as diabetes mellitus (DM) or prediabetes. Multivariable mixed-effects logistic regression models were performed to test independent associations with baseline QuantiFERON positive and QuantiFERON conversion. RESULTS There were 592 PWTB (153 DM, 141 prediabetes, 211 normoglycemic) and 1784 contacts, of whom 658 were QuantiFERON-positive at baseline and 106 converters. Multivariable analyses demonstrated that tuberculosis-prediabetes cases, acid-fast bacilli-positive, pulmonary cavities, and living with someone who smoked were independently associated with QuantiFERON positive in contacts at baseline. DM, persistent cough, acid-fast bacilli-positive, and pulmonary cavities in tuberculosis source cases were associated with QuantiFERON conversion. CONCLUSIONS Contacts of persons with pulmonary tuberculosis and dysglycemia were at increased risk of being QuantiFERON positive at baseline or month 6. Increased focus on such close contacts could improve tuberculosis control.
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Affiliation(s)
- María B Arriaga
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Michael S Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Betânia M F Nogueira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Nascimento
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alexandra B Souza
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Alice M S Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alysson G Costa
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Adriano Gomes-Silva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisangela C Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Megan M Turner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Betina Durovni
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro (Clínica da Família Rinaldo Delamare)-Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R Lapa-e-Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Solange Cavalcante
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro (Clínica da Família Rinaldo Delamare)-Rocinha, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valeria C Rolla
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
- Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
- Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador UNIFACS, Laureate University, Salvador, Brazil
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Arriaga MB, Araújo-Pereira M, Barreto-Duarte B, Nogueira B, Freire MVCNS, Queiroz ATL, Rodrigues MMS, Rocha MS, Souza AB, Spener-Gomes R, Carvalho ACC, Figueiredo MC, Turner MM, Durovni B, Lapa-E-Silva JR, Kritski AL, Cavalcante S, Rolla VC, Cordeiro-Santos M, Sterling TR, Andrade BB. The Effect of Diabetes and Prediabetes on Anti-tuberculosis Treatment Outcomes: A Multi-center Prospective Cohort Study. J Infect Dis 2021; 225:617-626. [PMID: 34651642 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiab427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is unclear whether diabetes or prediabetes affect unfavorable treatment outcomes and death in people with tuberculosis (PWTB). METHODS Culture-confirmed drug-susceptible PWTB, enrolled in Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil between 2015-2019 (n=643) were stratified based on glycemic status according to baseline glycated hemoglobin. Unfavorable TB outcome was defined as treatment failure or modification, recurrence or death; favorable outcome was cure or treatment completion. We corroborated the findings using data from PWTB reported to the Brazilian National System of Diseases Notification (SINAN) during 2015-2019 (n=20,989). Logistic regression models evaluated associations between glycemic status and outcomes. RESULTS In both cohorts, in univariate analysis, unfavorable outcomes were more frequently associated with smoking, illicit drug use and HIV infection. Diabetes, but not prediabetes, was associated with unfavorable outcomes in the RePORT-Brazil (adjusted Relative Risk [aRR]: 2.45, p<0.001) and SINAN (aRR: 1.76, p<0.001) cohorts. Furthermore, diabetes was associated with high risk of death (during TB treatment) in both RePORT-Brazil (aRR:2.16, p=0.040) and SINAN (aRR:1.93, p= 0.001). CONCLUSION Diabetes was associated with an increased risk of unfavorable outcomes and mortality in Brazilian PWTB. Interventions to improve tuberculosis treatment outcomes in persons with diabetes are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María B Arriaga
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Betânia Nogueira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Artur T L Queiroz
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Moreno M S Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Análise e Visualização de Dados, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Michael S Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alexandra B Souza
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Renata Spener-Gomes
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Anna Cristina C Carvalho
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Megan M Turner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Betina Durovni
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R Lapa-E-Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Valeria C Rolla
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em Micobacteriose, Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Dr Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública (EBMSP), Salvador, Brazil.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Bacteriology and Bioassay Laboratory, National Institute of Infectious Diseases Evandro Chagas, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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14
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Souza AB, Arriaga MB, Amorim G, Araújo-Pereira M, Nogueira BMF, Queiroz ATL, Figueiredo MC, Rocha MS, Benjamin A, Moreira ASR, Oliveira JG, Rolla V, Durovni B, Lapa E Silva JR, Kritski AL, Cavalcante S, Sterling T, Andrade BB, Cordeiro-Santos M. Determinants of losses in the latent tuberculosis infection cascade of care in Brazil. BMJ Glob Health 2021; 6:bmjgh-2021-005969. [PMID: 34518204 PMCID: PMC8438757 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-005969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Factors associated with losses in the latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) cascade of care in contacts of patients with tuberculosis (TB) were investigated in a multicentre prospective cohort from highly endemic regions in Brazil. METHODS Close contacts of 1187 patients with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB were prospectively studied between 2015 and 2019, with follow-up of 6-24 months. Data on TB screening by clinical investigation, radiographic examination and interferon-gamma release assay (IGRA) were collected. Multivariable regressions were used to identify determinants of losses in the LTBI cascade. RESULTS Among 4145 TB contacts initially identified, 1901 were examined (54% loss). Among those examined, 933 were people living with HIV, ≤5 years old and/or had positive IGRA results, and therefore had a recommendation to start TB preventive treatment (TPT). Of those, 454 (23%) initiated treatment, and 247 (54% of those initiating; 26% of those in whom treatment was recommended) completed TPT. Multivariable regression analysis revealed that living with HIV, illiteracy and black/pardo (brown) race were independently associated with losses in the cascade. CONCLUSION There were losses at all LTBI cascade stages, but particularly at the initial screening and examination steps. Close contacts of low socioeconomic status and living with HIV were at heightened risk of not completing the LTBI cascade of care in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Brito Souza
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - María B Arriaga
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amorim
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Betânia M F Nogueira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Artur T L Queiroz
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS),Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Michael S Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Aline Benjamin
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Adriana S R Moreira
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Jamile G Oliveira
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valeria Rolla
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Betina Durovni
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R Lapa E Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Solange Cavalcante
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, AM, Brazil .,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Manaus, AM, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, AM, Brazil
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15
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Barreto-Duarte B, Araújo-Pereira M, Nogueira BMF, Sobral L, Rodrigues MMS, Queiroz ATL, Rocha MS, Nascimento V, Souza AB, Cordeiro-Santos M, Kritski AL, Sterling TR, Arriaga MB, Andrade BB. Tuberculosis Burden and Determinants of Treatment Outcomes According to Age in Brazil: A Nationwide Study of 896,314 Cases Reported Between 2010 and 2019. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:706689. [PMID: 34386510 PMCID: PMC8354381 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.706689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 1.4 million people die annually worldwide from tuberculosis. Large epidemiologic studies can identify determinants of unfavorable clinical outcomes according to age, which can guide public health policy implementation and clinical management to improve outcomes. We obtained data from the national tuberculosis case registry; data were reported to the Brazilian National Program (SINAN) between 2010 and 2019. Clinical and epidemiologic variables were compared between age groups (child: <10 years, young: 10–24years, adult: 25–64years, and elderly: ≥65years). Univariate comparisons were performed together with second-generation p-values. We applied a backward stepwise multivariable logistic regression model to identify characteristics in each age group associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes. There were 896,314 tuberculosis cases reported during the period. Tuberculosis incidence was highest among adult males, but the young males presented the highest growth rate during the period. Directly observed therapy (DOT) was associated with protection against unfavorable outcomes in all age groups. The use of alcohol, illicit drugs, and smoking, as well as occurrence of comorbidities, were significantly different between age groups. Lack of DOT, previous tuberculosis, race, location of tuberculosis disease, and HIV infection were independent risk factors for unfavorable outcome depending on the age group. The clinical and epidemiological risk factors for unfavorable tuberculosis treatment outcomes varied according to age in Brazil. DOT was associated with improved outcomes in all age groups. Incidence according to age and sex identified adults and young males as the groups that need prevention efforts. This supports implementation of DOT in all populations to improve tuberculosis outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Barreto-Duarte
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador, Laureate Universities, Salvador, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Betânia M F Nogueira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Luciana Sobral
- Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Salvador, Brazil.,Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Moreno M S Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Análise e Visualização de Dados, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Artur T L Queiroz
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Michael S Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Nascimento
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil.,Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alexandra B Souza
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - María B Arriaga
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador, Laureate Universities, Salvador, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Clínica Médica, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências, Salvador, Brazil.,Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
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16
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Carvalho ACC, Amorim G, Melo MGM, Silveira AKA, Vargas PHL, Moreira ASR, Rocha MS, Souza AB, Arriaga MB, Araújo-Pereira M, Figueiredo MC, Durovni B, Lapa-E-Silva JR, Cavalcante S, Rolla VC, Sterling TR, Cordeiro-Santos M, Andrade BB, Silva EC, Kritski AL. Pre-Treatment Neutrophil Count as a Predictor of Antituberculosis Therapy Outcomes: A Multicenter Prospective Cohort Study. Front Immunol 2021; 12:661934. [PMID: 34276654 PMCID: PMC8284392 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.661934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophils have been associated with lung tissue damage in many diseases, including tuberculosis (TB). Whether neutrophil count can serve as a predictor of adverse treatment outcomes is unknown. Methods We prospectively assessed 936 patients (172 HIV-seropositive) with culture-confirmed pulmonary TB, enrolled in a multicenter prospective cohort study from different regions in Brazil, from June 2015 to June 2019, and were followed up to two years. TB patients had a baseline visit before treatment (month 0) and visits at month 2 and 6 (or at the end of TB treatment). Smear microscopy, and culture for Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) were performed at TB diagnosis and during follow-up. Complete blood counts were measured at baseline. Treatment outcome was defined as either unfavorable (death, treatment failure or TB recurrence) or favorable (cure or treatment completion). We performed multivariable logistic regression, with propensity score regression adjustment, to estimate the association between neutrophil count with MTB culture result at month 2 and unfavorable treatment outcome. We used a propensity score adjustment instead of a fully adjusted regression model due to the relatively low number of outcomes. Results Among 682 patients who had MTB culture results at month 2, 40 (5.9%) had a positive result. After regression with propensity score adjustment, no significant association between baseline neutrophil count (103/mm3) and positive MTB culture at month 2 was found among either HIV-seronegative (OR = 1.06, 95% CI = [0.95;1.19] or HIV-seropositive patients (OR = 0.77, 95% CI = [0.51; 1.20]). Of 691 TB patients followed up for at least 18 months and up to 24 months, 635 (91.9%) were either cured or completed treatment, and 56 (8.1%) had an unfavorable treatment outcome. A multivariable regression with propensity score adjustment found an association between higher neutrophil count (103/mm3) at baseline and unfavorable outcome among HIV-seronegative patients [OR= 1.17 (95% CI= [1.06;1.30]). In addition, adjusted Cox regression found that higher baseline neutrophil count (103/mm3) was associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes overall and among HIV-seronegative patients (HR= 1.16 (95% CI = [1.05;1.27]). Conclusion Increased neutrophil count prior to anti-TB treatment initiation was associated with unfavorable treatment outcomes, particularly among HIV-seronegative patients. Further prospective studies evaluating neutrophil count in response to drug treatment and association with TB treatment outcomes are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cristina C Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amorim
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Mayla G M Melo
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Micobacteriologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho-Instituto de Doenças do Tórax da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ana Karla A Silveira
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Micobacteriologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho-Instituto de Doenças do Tórax da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Pedro H L Vargas
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Micobacteriologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho-Instituto de Doenças do Tórax da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana S R Moreira
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Michael S Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Alexandra B Souza
- Gerência de Micobacteriologia, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
| | - María B Arriaga
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Betina Durovni
- Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R Lapa-E-Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Valeria C Rolla
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Gerência de Micobacteriologia, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil.,Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, United States.,Curso de Medicina, Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Brazil.,Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Elisangela C Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Micobacteriologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho-Instituto de Doenças do Tórax da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório Reconhecer Biologia, Centro de Biociência e Biotecniologia, Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Micobacteriologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho-Instituto de Doenças do Tórax da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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17
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Arriaga MB, Amorim G, Queiroz ATL, Rodrigues MMS, Araújo-Pereira M, Nogueira BMF, Souza AB, Rocha MS, Benjamin A, Moreira ASR, de Oliveira JG, Figueiredo MC, Turner MM, Alves K, Durovni B, Lapa-E-Silva JR, Kritski AL, Cavalcante S, Rolla VC, Cordeiro-Santos M, Sterling TR, Andrade BB. Novel stepwise approach to assess representativeness of a large multicenter observational cohort of tuberculosis patients: The example of RePORT Brazil. Int J Infect Dis 2021; 103:110-118. [PMID: 33197582 PMCID: PMC7959330 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.11.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A major goal of tuberculosis (TB) epidemiological studies is to obtain results that can be generalized to the larger population with TB. The ability to extrapolate findings on the determinants of TB treatment outcomes is also important. METHODS We compared baseline clinical and demographic characteristics and determinants of anti-TB treatment outcomes between persons enrolled in the Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil cohort between June 2015 and June 2019, and the registry of TB cases reported to the Brazilian National TB Program (Information System for Notifiable Diseases [SINAN]) during the same time period. Multivariable regression models adjusted for the study site were performed using second-generation p-values, a novel statistical approach. Associations with unfavorable treatment outcomes were tested for both RePORT-Brazil and SINAN cohorts. FINDINGS A total of 1,060 culture-confirmed TB patients were enrolled in RePORT-Brazil and 455,873 TB cases were reported to SINAN. Second-generation p-value analyses revealed that the cohorts were strikingly similar with regard to sex, age, use of antiretroviral therapy and positive initial smear sputum microscopy. However, diabetes, HIV infection, and smoking were more frequently documented in RePORT-Brazil. Illicit drug use, the presence of diabetes, and history of prior TB were associated with unfavorable TB treatment outcomes; illicit drug use was associated with such outcomes in both cohorts. CONCLUSIONS There were important similarities in demographic characteristics and determinants of clinical outcomes between the RePORT-Brazil cohort and the Brazilian National registry of TB cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- María B Arriaga
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Amorim
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Artur T L Queiroz
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Center of Data and Knowledge Integration for Health (CIDACS), Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Moreno M S Rodrigues
- Laboratório de Análise e Visualização de Dados, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - Mariana Araújo-Pereira
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Betania M F Nogueira
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador, Brazil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade de Medicina da Bahia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Alexandra Brito Souza
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Michael S Rocha
- Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Aline Benjamin
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana S R Moreira
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Marina C Figueiredo
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Megan M Turner
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kleydson Alves
- Ministério da Saúde, National Tuberculosis Control Program, Brasília, Brazil
| | - Betina Durovni
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R Lapa-E-Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Solange Cavalcante
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Secretaria Municipal de Saúde do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Valeria C Rolla
- Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Evandro Chagas, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Cordeiro-Santos
- Fundação Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil; Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus, Brazil
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Laboratório de Inflamação e Biomarcadores, Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Brazil; Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Salvador, Brazil; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil; Curso de Medicina, Centro Universitário Faculdade de Tecnologia e Ciências (UniFTC), Salvador, Brazil; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA; Curso de Medicina, Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate University, Salvador, Brazil.
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18
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Lopez K, Arriaga MB, Aliaga JG, Barreda NN, Sanabria OM, Huang CC, Zhang Z, García-de-la-Guarda R, Lecca L, Calçada Carvalho AC, Kritski AL, Calderon RI. Dysglycemia is associated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineages in tuberculosis patients of North Lima-Peru. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243184. [PMID: 33507930 PMCID: PMC7843012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to investigate the role of dysglycemia on the genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) among pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) patients to build scientific evidence about the possible mechanisms of TB transmission. MTB isolates obtained of patients affected by pulmonary tuberculosis from health care facilities of North Lima-Peru, were analyzed using whole genome sequencing and 24-locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive-unit -variable-number tandem repeats (MIRU-VNTR). Subsequently, clinical and epidemiological characteristics were associated with clustering, lineages and comorbid conditions. The analysis carried out 112 pulmonary TB patients from various health centers in North Lima, 17 (15%) had diabetes mellitus (DM) and 33 (29%) had pre-diabetes (PDM). Latin American-Mediterranean, Haarlem and Beijing were the most frequent MTB lineages found in those patients. Previous TB (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 3.65; 95%CI: 1.32-17.81), age (aOR = 1.12; 95%CI: 1.03-1.45) and Beijing lineage (aOR = 3.53; 95%CI: 1.08-13.2) were associated with TB-DM comorbidity. Alcoholism (aOR = 2.92; 95%CI: 1.10-8.28), age (aOR = 1.05; 95%CI: 1.03-1.12) and Haarlem lineage (aOR = 2.54; 95%CI: 1.04-6.51) were associated with TB-PDM comorbidity. Beijing and Haarlem lineages were independently associated with TB-DM and TB-PDM comorbidities, respectively. Although these findings may be surprising, we must be cautious to suggest that dysglycemia could be associated with a highly clustering and predisposition of MTB lineages related to a serious impact on the severity of TB disease, which requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kattya Lopez
- Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Peru
- Division of Rheumatology, Immunity and Inflammation, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - María B. Arriaga
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
- Instituto Brasileiro para Investigação da Tuberculose, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Chuan-Chin Huang
- Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Zibiao Zhang
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | | | | | - Anna Cristina Calçada Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L. Kritski
- Faculdade de Medicina, Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Roger I. Calderon
- Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru
- Faculdade de Medicina, Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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19
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de Oliveira MCB, Sant'Anna CC, Raggio Luiz R, Kritski AL. Unfavorable Outcomes in Tuberculosis: Multidimensional Factors among Adolescents in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 103:2492-2500. [PMID: 32959763 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-0209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Since 2018, adolescents have been included as a target group for tuberculosis (TB) surveillance by the WHO. However, they are considered a neglected population, as there are considerable gaps in information about them. We aimed to analyze the risk factors for unfavorable TB treatment outcomes among adolescents in Rio de Janeiro, a Brazilian city with a high burden of TB. This is a retrospective study of adolescents (10-18 years) with TB notified in Rio de Janeiro, from four national database systems, covering 2014-2016. "Extreme vulnerability" was defined as adolescents who presented one of the following characteristics: homelessness, incarceration, tobacco use, illicit drug use, or alcohol abuse. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with favorable (cure/completed treatment) and unfavorable outcomes (lost to follow-up, death, and treatment failure). A total of 725 adolescents with TB were included: 610 (84.1%) were cured, 94 (13%) were lost to follow-up, six (0.8%) died because of TB, 13 (1.8%) died because of other causes, and two (0.3%) failed treatment. Unfavorable outcomes were associated with retreatment (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 4.51; 95% CI: 2.23-9.17), TB-HIV coinfection (aOR: 10.15; 95% CI: 4.15-25.34), extreme vulnerability (aOR: 3.01; 95% CI: 1.70-5.33), and living in the two districts (3.1 and 3.3) with worst conditions: large population and rates of homicides and shantytowns (aOR: 4.11; 95% CI: 1.79-9.46 and aOR: 5.35; 95% CI: 2.20-13.03, respectively). Our findings underscore the need for strengthening early identification and interventions for adolescents at high risk of unfavorable outcomes, especially those living in shantytowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia C B de Oliveira
- Post Graduation Program in Medical Clinics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Clemax C Sant'Anna
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Ronir Raggio Luiz
- Instituto de Estudos de Saúde Coletiva, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Academic Program of Tuberculosis, School of Medicine, Institute of Torax Disease, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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20
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Cubillos-Angulo JM, Arriaga MB, Silva EC, Müller BLA, Ramalho DMP, Fukutani KF, Miranda PFC, Moreira ASR, Ruffino-Netto A, Lapa E Silva JR, Sterling TR, Kritski AL, Oliveira MM, Andrade BB. Polymorphisms in TLR4 and TNFA and Risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Development of Active Disease in Contacts of Tuberculosis Cases in Brazil: A Prospective Cohort Study. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 69:1027-1035. [PMID: 30481307 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciy1001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of genetic polymorphisms in latent tuberculosis (TB) infection and progression to active TB is not fully understood. METHODS We tested the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs5743708 (TLR2), rs4986791 (TLR4), rs361525 (TNFA), rs2430561 (IFNG) rs1143627 (IL1B) as risk factors for tuberculin skin test (TST) conversion or development of active TB in contacts of active TB cases. Contacts of microbiologically confirmed pulmonary TB cases were initially screened for longitudinal evaluation up to 24 months, with clinical examination and serial TST, between 1998 and 2004 at a referral center in Brazil. Data and biospecimens were collected from 526 individuals who were contacts of 177 active TB index cases. TST conversion was defined as induration ≥5 mm after a negative TST result (0 mm) at baseline or month 4 visit. Independent associations were tested using logistic regression models. RESULTS Among the 526 contacts, 60 had TST conversion and 44 developed active TB during follow-up. Multivariable regression analysis demonstrated that male sex (odds ratio [OR]: 2.3, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.1-4.6), as well as SNPs in TLR4 genes (OR: 62.8, 95% CI: 7.5-525.3) and TNFA (OR: 4.2, 95% CI: 1.9-9.5) were independently associated with TST conversion. Moreover, a positive TST at baseline (OR: 4.7, 95% CI: 2.3-9.7) and SNPs in TLR4 (OR: 6.5, 95% CI: 1.1-36.7) and TNFA (OR: 12.4, 95% CI:5.1-30.1) were independently associated with incident TB. CONCLUSIONS SNPs in TLR4 and TNFA predicted both TST conversion and active TB among contacts of TB cases in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Cubillos-Angulo
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Bahia
| | - María B Arriaga
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia.,Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Bahia
| | - Elisângela C Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar HUCFF-IDT, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.,Recognize the Biology Laboratory, Center of Bioscience and Biotechnology, State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro
| | - Beatriz L A Müller
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar HUCFF-IDT, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro.,Laboratório de Genômica Funcional e Bioinformática, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro
| | - Daniela M P Ramalho
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar HUCFF-IDT, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Kiyoshi F Fukutani
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Bahia
| | - Pryscila F C Miranda
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar HUCFF-IDT, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Adriana S R Moreira
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar HUCFF-IDT, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | | | - Jose R Lapa E Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar HUCFF-IDT, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Timothy R Sterling
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina e Complexo Hospitalar HUCFF-IDT, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
| | - Martha M Oliveira
- Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bruno B Andrade
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia.,Multinational Organization Network Sponsoring Translational and Epidemiological Research (MONSTER) Initiative, Fundação José Silveira, Salvador, Bahia.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.,Wellcome Centre for Infectious Disease Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa.,Universidade Salvador (UNIFACS), Laureate University, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.,Escola Bahiana de Medicina e Saúde Pública, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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21
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Carvalho ACC, da Silva Martins P, Cardoso CAA, Miceli AL, Martire T, Sant'Anna MDFBP, Schmidt CM, Vieira LM, de Azevedo Sias SM, Quintanilha AP, Barbosa AP, Moreira ADSR, Lara CFDS, Isidoro-Gonçalves L, Aurilio RB, de Alcantara SAG, Bezerra AL, Saderi L, Sotgiu G, Migliori GB, Kritski AL, Sant'Anna CC. Pediatric tuberculosis in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 98:299-304. [PMID: 32599280 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.06.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the clinical characteristics, diagnostic approach, and treatment outcomes of tuberculosis (TB) in children living in a high-burden metropolitan area. METHODS This was a retrospective study, based on a medical chart review, involving children under 15 years old treated for TB between 2007 and 2016, in four primary health units (PHU) and three reference centers (RC) in five cities of Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area. Factors associated with TB treatment setting, microbiological diagnosis, and treatment outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS A total of 544 children were enrolled; 71% were treated in PHU, 36% were under 5 years old, and 72% had pulmonary TB (PTB). The HIV prevalence was 10% (31/322). Fifty-three percent had at least one microbiological test for TB, 68% of them (196/287) had TB confirmed. Among 222 children with previous TB contact, information on LTBI was available for 78 (35%), and only 17% (13/78) were treated. Extrapulmonary TB (56% vs 32%), microbiologically confirmed TB (77% vs 60%), and HIV positivity (18.5% vs 4.0%) were significantly more frequent in RC. Treatment in RC (odds ratio (OR) 3.08, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.74-5.44) and PTB (OR 2.47, 95% CI 1.34-4.56) were independently associated with a microbiological diagnosis of TB. The treatment success rate was 85%. In the logistic regression analysis, HIV-infected children had a 2.5-fold higher risk of an unfavorable outcome (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.0-6.38; p = 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Opportunities for TB prevention and early TB treatment are missed due to suboptimal close contact screening. Microbiological diagnosis of TB and drug susceptibility testing in children should be made available through more sensitive and accessible tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Cristina C Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, Brazil.
| | - Pedro da Silva Martins
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Lúcia Miceli
- Centro Municipal de Saúde de Duque de Caxias, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Duque de Caxias, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | - Terezinha Martire
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima B Pombo Sant'Anna
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira (IPPMG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Luiza Martins Vieira
- Centro Municipal de Saúde de Duque de Caxias, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Duque de Caxias, Duque de Caxias, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Ana Paula Barbosa
- Programa de Controle da Tuberculose do Município de São Gonçalo, São Gonçalo, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | - Lorrayne Isidoro-Gonçalves
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafaela Baroni Aurilio
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira (IPPMG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - André Luis Bezerra
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, Brazil
| | - Laura Saderi
- Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanni Battista Migliori
- Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri, IRCCS, Tradate, Italy; Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), RJ, Brazil
| | - Clemax Couto Sant'Anna
- Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira (IPPMG), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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22
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de Aguiar RM, da Silva Vieira MAM, de Almeida IN, de Paula Ramalho DM, Ruffino-Netto A, Carvalho ACC, Kritski AL. Factors associated with non-completion of latent tuberculosis infection treatment in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A non-matched case control study. Pulmonology 2020; 28:350-357. [PMID: 32513638 DOI: 10.1016/j.pulmoe.2020.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There are scarce data on the routine latent tuberculosis infection treatment (LTBIT) and factors associated with a non-completion in high tuberculosis burden countries. Therefore, in this study we aimed to evaluate the factors associated with non-completion of LTBIT. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a non-matched case control study conducted at a University Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A total of 114 cases and 404 controls were enrolled between January/1999 and December/2009. Cases were close contacts who did not complete the LTBIT and controls were the contacts that completed it. Multivariate analysis was used to investigate risk factors associated with non-completion of LTBIT among contacts in two different periods of recruitment. RESULTS Factors associated with non-completion LTBIT included: drug use (OR 23.33, 95% CI 1.83-296.1), TB treatment default by the index case (OR 16.97, 95% CI 3.63-79.24) and drug intolerance. TB disease rates after two years of follow up varied from 0.4% to 1.9%. The number necessary to treat to prevent one TB case among contacts was 116. CONCLUSIONS Non-completion treatment by the index case and illicit drug use were associated with not completing latent tuberculosis infection treatment and no tuberculosis disease was identified among those who completed latent tuberculosis infection treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R M de Aguiar
- Tuberculosis Academic Program of Medical School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M A M da Silva Vieira
- Tuberculosis Academic Program of Medical School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - I N de Almeida
- Laboratory of Mycobacteria Research of Medical School, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - D M de Paula Ramalho
- Tuberculosis Academic Program of Medical School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Ruffino-Netto
- Department of Social Medicine, Faculty of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A C C Carvalho
- Laboratory of Innovation in Therapies, Education and Bioproducts, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A L Kritski
- Tuberculosis Academic Program of Medical School, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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23
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Oliveira MCB, Sant'Anna CC, Luiz RR, Soares ECC, Kritski AL. Contribution of Xpert MTB/RIF to clinical diagnosis in adolescents with tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2020; 23:1115-1121. [PMID: 31627777 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.18.0778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
SETTING: Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, a high tuberculosis (TB) burden city.OBJECTIVE: To compare the sociodemographics, clinical characteristics, care process indicators (CPIs) and treatment outcomes among adolescents with pulmonary TB (PTB) and those with PTB + extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), who underwent testing with Xpert® and sputum culture.DESIGN: This was a retrospective study of data from three national databases from 2014 to 2016 of adolescents (aged 10-18 years) residing and notified in Rio de Janeiro City. Three groups were identified according to their Xpert and culture results: Group 1, Xpert- and culture-positive; Group 2, Xpert-positive and culture-negative; and Group 3, Xpert- and culture-negative. Study CPIs were as follows: the time between 'sample collection and Xpert result release', 'sample collection and treatment initiation' and 'notification and treatment outcome'.RESULTS: Of 258 adolescents included in the study, 223 (86.4%) were in Group 1, 20 (7.8%) in Group 2 and 15 (5.8%) in Group 3. Groups 1 and 2 had a similar profile. Compared to Group 1, Group 3 had a higher proportion of HIV-positive cases (21.4% vs. 3.0%, P = 0.016), adolescents with a hospital diagnosis (53.3% vs. 7.6%, P < 0.001), and PTB + EPTB cases (20% vs. 0.4%; P < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in CPIs or treatment outcomes.CONCLUSION: The clinical diagnosis was decisive in more critical or complex patients, despite Xpert-negative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C B Oliveira
- Postgraduate Programme in Clinical Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
| | - C C Sant'Anna
- Pediatrics Department, Faculty of Medicine, Instituto de Puericultura e Pediatria Martagão Gesteira, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
| | - R R Luiz
- Social Medicine Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro
| | - E C C Soares
- Tuberculosis Programme, Secretaria Municipal de Saúde, Rio de Janeiro
| | - A L Kritski
- Academic Programme of Tuberculosis, Institute of Thorax Diseases, Faculty of Medicine Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Santos EA, Gonçalves JCS, Fleury MK, Kritski AL, Oliveira MM, Velasque LS, E Silva JRL, Estrela RDCE. Relationship of anti-tuberculosis drug-induced liver injury and genetic polymorphisms in CYP2E1 and GST. Braz J Infect Dis 2019; 23:381-387. [PMID: 31697922 PMCID: PMC9428211 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjid.2019.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Setting Treatment of tuberculosis (TB) can result in Drug-Induced Liver Injury (DILI) since hepatotoxic metabolites are formed during the biotransformation of isoniazid (INH). DILI can be related to the genetic profile of the patient. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the CYP2E1 gene and GSTM1 and GSTT1 deletion polymorphisms have been associated with adverse events caused by INH. Objective To characterize the genetic polymorphisms of CYP2E1, GSTT1 and GSTM1 in TB carriers. Design This is an observational prospective cohort study of 45 patients undergoing treatment of TB. PCR-RFLP and multiplex-PCR were used. Results The distribution of genotypic frequency in the promoter region (CYP2E1 gene) was: 98% wild genotype and 2% heterozygous. Intronic region: 78% wild genotype; 20% heterozygous and 2% homozygous variant. GST enzyme genes: 24% Null GSTM1 and 22% Null GSTT1. Patients with any variant allele of the CYP2E1 gene were grouped in the statistical analyses. Conclusion Patients with the CYP2E1 variant genotype or Null GSTT1 showed higher risk of presenting DILI (p = 0.09; OR: 4.57; 95% CI: 0.75–27.6). Individuals with both genotypes had no increased risk compared to individuals with one genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Abreu Santos
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - José Carlos Saraiva Gonçalves
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcos K Fleury
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Toxicológicas, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Doenças do Tórax, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Martha M Oliveira
- Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico em Saúde, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciane S Velasque
- Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Departamento de Matemática e Estatística, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Roberto Lapa E Silva
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Instituto de Doenças do Tórax, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rita de Cássia E Estrela
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Farmácia, Departamento de Fármacos e Medicamentos, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Nacional de Doenças Infecciosas Evandro Chagas, Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST/AIDS, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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de Melo MGM, Mesquita EDD, Oliveira MM, da Silva-Monteiro C, Silveira AKA, Malaquias TS, Dutra TCP, Galliez RM, Kritski AL, Silva EC. Imbalance of NET and Alpha-1-Antitrypsin in Tuberculosis Patients Is Related With Hyper Inflammation and Severe Lung Tissue Damage. Front Immunol 2019; 9:3147. [PMID: 30687336 PMCID: PMC6335334 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.03147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) can lead to lung tissue damage (LTD) and compromise the pulmonary capacity of TB patients that evolve to severe PTB. The molecular mechanisms involved in LTD during anti-tuberculous treatment (ATT) remain poorly understood. Methods and findings: We evaluated the role of neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) and the occurrence of LTD through chest radiographic images, the microbial load in sputum, and inflammatory serum profile (IL-12p40/p70, IL-8, IL-17A, IL-23, VEGF-A, MMP-1, and -8, galectin-3, citrunillated histone H3—cit-H3, alpha-1-antitrypsin—α1AT, C-reactive protein—CRP and albumin) in a cohort of 82 PTB patients before and after 60 days of ATT. Using univariate analysis, LTD was associated with neutrophilia and increase of several inflammatory proteins involved in the neutrophil-mediated response, being cit-H3 the more related to the event. In the multivariate analysis, neutrophilia and cit-H3 appear as directly related to LTD. The analysis of the ROC curve at day 60 presented AUC of 0.97 (95.0% CI 0.95–1). Interestingly, at day 0 of ATT, these biomarkers demonstrated fine relation with LTD showing an AUC 0.92 (95.0% CI 0.86–0.99). Despite of that, the same molecules have no impact in culture conversion during ATT. Conclusions: Our data revealed that NETs may play a key role in the pathway responsible for non-specific inflammation and tissue destruction in PTB. High level of cit-H3 and low level of α1AT was observed in the serum of severe TB patients, suggesting a breakdown in the intrinsic control of NET-driven tissue damage. These data show a new insight to knowledge TB immunopathogenesis, the role of neutrophil and NET pathway. Likewise, we identified possible biomarkers to screening of PTB patients eligible to adjuvants therapies, as anti-inflammatories and alpha-1-antitrypsin.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Martha M Oliveira
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Medical School-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Development Center for Technology on Health, CDTS-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Caio da Silva-Monteiro
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Medical School-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Anna K A Silveira
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Medical School-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thiago S Malaquias
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Medical School-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tatiana C P Dutra
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Medical School-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Rafael M Galliez
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Medical School-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Medical School-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Tuberculosis Academic Program-Medical School-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisangela C Silva
- Molecular Mycobacteriology Laboratory, Medical School-Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratory of Biology Recognize, Center of Bioscience and Biotechnology, State University of North Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Castro-Silva KMD, Carvalho AC, Cavalcanti MT, Martins PDS, França JR, Oquendo M, Kritski AL, Sweetland A. Prevalence of depression among patients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 41:316-323. [PMID: 30365672 PMCID: PMC6476682 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2018-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of major depressive episode (MDE) in patients with presumptive pulmonary tuberculosis (pre-PTB, defined by cough lasting ≥ 3 weeks) and compare it between patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and without PTB. Methods: Patients with pre-PTB (n=260) were screened for depression using the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Those individuals with scores ≥ 10 were subsequently assessed with the depression module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-Plus) to confirm diagnosis. Associations of categorical variables with PTB and MDE were calculated using the chi-square test and OR. Results: PTB was confirmed in 98 patients (37.7%). A high proportion of both groups (active PTB and no PTB) screened positive for depression (60.2 vs. 62.1%, respectively). Among 159 patients who screened positive for depression, a subset of 97 (61.0%) were further evaluated with the MINI-Plus; current MDE was confirmed in 54.6% (53/97). On univariate and multivariate analysis, female sex was the only factor associated with the diagnosis of current MDE (p = 0.04). Conclusion: The prevalence of MDE was high among individuals with prolonged respiratory symptoms, independent of PTB diagnosis. This is consistent with other studies of depression in primary care in Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina M de Castro-Silva
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anna C Carvalho
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria T Cavalcanti
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Pedro da S Martins
- Laboratório de Inovações em Terapias, Ensino e Bioprodutos (LITEB), Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José R França
- Departamento de Psiquiatria, Faculdade de Medicina, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria Oquendo
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Programa Acadêmico de Tuberculose, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Rede Brasileira de Pesquisas em Tuberculose (REDE-TB), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Annika Sweetland
- Department of Psychiatry, Columbia College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY, USA.,New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA
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Calderón RI, Velásquez GE, Becerra MC, Zhang Z, Contreras CC, Yataco RM, Galea JT, Lecca LW, Kritski AL, Murray MB, Mitnick CD. Prevalence of pyrazinamide resistance and Wayne assay performance analysis in a tuberculosis cohort in Lima, Peru. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2018; 21:894-901. [PMID: 28786798 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.16.0850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) regimens often contain pyrazinamide (PZA) even if susceptibility to the drug has not been confirmed. This gap is due to the limited availability and reliability of PZA susceptibility testing. OBJECTIVES To estimate the prevalence of PZA resistance using the Wayne assay among TB patients in Lima, Peru, to describe characteristics associated with PZA resistance and to compare the performance of Wayne with that of BACTEC™ MGIT™ 960. METHODS PZA susceptibility using the Wayne assay was tested in patients diagnosed with culture-positive pulmonary TB from September 2009 to August 2012. Factors associated with PZA resistance were evaluated. We compared the performance of the Wayne assay to that of MGIT 960 in a convenience sample. RESULTS The prevalence of PZA resistance was 6.6% (95%CI 5.8-7.5) among 3277 patients, and 47.7% (95%CI 42.7-52.6) among a subset of 405 MDR-TB patients. In multivariable analysis, MDR-TB (OR 86.0, 95%CI 54.0-136.9) and Latin American-Mediterranean lineage (OR 3.40, 95%CI 2.33-4.96) were associated with PZA resistance. The Wayne assay was in agreement with MGIT 960 in 83.9% of samples (κ 0.66, 95%CI 0.56-0.76). CONCLUSION PZA resistance was detected using the Wayne assay in nearly half of MDR-TB patients in Lima. This test can inform the selection and composition of regimens, especially those dependent on additional resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- R I Calderón
- Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru; Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - G E Velásquez
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - M C Becerra
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Z Zhang
- Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | | | - R M Yataco
- Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru
| | - J T Galea
- Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru
| | - L W Lecca
- Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru
| | - A L Kritski
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M B Murray
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T H Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - C D Mitnick
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA; Division of Global Health Equity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Ramalho DMP, Miranda PFC, Andrade MK, Brígido T, Dalcolmo MP, Mesquita E, Dias CF, Gambirasio AN, Ueleres Braga J, Detjen A, Phillips PPJ, Langley I, Fujiwara PI, Squire SB, Oliveira MM, Kritski AL. Outcomes from patients with presumed drug resistant tuberculosis in five reference centers in Brazil. BMC Infect Dis 2017; 17:571. [PMID: 28810911 PMCID: PMC5558720 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-017-2669-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The implementation of rapid drug susceptibility testing (DST) is a current global priority for TB control. However, data are scarce on patient-relevant outcomes for presumptive diagnosis of drug-resistant tuberculosis (pDR-TB) evaluated under field conditions in high burden countries. Methods Observational study of pDR-TB patients referred by primary and secondary health units. TB reference centers addressing DR-TB in five cities in Brazil. Patients age 18 years and older were eligible if pDR-TB, culture positive results for Mycobacterium tuberculosis and, if no prior DST results from another laboratory were used by a physician to start anti-TB treatment. The outcome measures were median time from triage to initiating appropriate anti-TB treatment, empirical treatment and, the treatment outcomes. Results Between February,16th, 2011 and February, 15th, 2012, among 175 pDR TB cases, 110 (63.0%) confirmed TB cases with DST results were enrolled. Among study participants, 72 (65.5%) were male and 62 (56.4%) aged 26 to 45 years. At triage, empirical treatment was given to 106 (96.0%) subjects. Among those, 85 were treated with first line drugs and 21 with second line. Median time for DST results was 69.5 [interquartile - IQR: 35.7–111.0] days and, for initiating appropriate anti-TB treatment, the median time was 1.0 (IQR: 0–41.2) days. Among 95 patients that were followed-up during the first 6 month period, 24 (25.3%; IC: 17.5%–34.9%) changed or initiated the treatment after DST results: 16/29 MDRTB, 5/21 DR-TB and 3/45 DS-TB cases. Comparing the treatment outcome to DS-TB cases, MDRTB had higher proportions changing or initiating treatment after DST results (p = 0.01) and favorable outcomes (p = 0.07). Conclusions This study shows a high rate of empirical treatment and long delay for DST results. Strategies to speed up the detection and early treatment of drug resistant TB should be prioritized.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M P Ramalho
- Tuberculosis Academic Program, Medical School and Hospital Complex HUCFF-IDT, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - P F C Miranda
- Tuberculosis Academic Program, Medical School and Hospital Complex HUCFF-IDT, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - M K Andrade
- Tuberculosis Academic Program, Medical School and Hospital Complex HUCFF-IDT, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Helio Fraga Reference Center - ENSP -Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T Brígido
- Messejana Hospital -State Secretary of Health, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - M P Dalcolmo
- Helio Fraga Reference Center - ENSP -Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - E Mesquita
- Ary Parreiras Institute - State Secretary of Health, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C F Dias
- Sanatório Partenon Hospital - State Secretary of Health, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - A N Gambirasio
- Clemente Ferreira Institute - State Secretary of Health, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - J Ueleres Braga
- Helio Fraga Reference Center - ENSP -Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A Detjen
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
| | | | - I Langley
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - P I Fujiwara
- International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, Paris, France
| | - S B Squire
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - M M Oliveira
- Tuberculosis Academic Program, Medical School and Hospital Complex HUCFF-IDT, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - A L Kritski
- Tuberculosis Academic Program, Medical School and Hospital Complex HUCFF-IDT, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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de Almeida IN, de Assis Figueredo LJ, Soares VM, Vater MC, Alves S, da Silva Carvalho W, Kritski AL, de Miranda SS. Evaluation of the Mean Cost and Activity Based Cost in the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in the Laboratory Routine of a High-Complexity Hospital in Brazil. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:249. [PMID: 28261194 PMCID: PMC5309222 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
At a global level, with the increase in healthcare costs, there is a need to assess the economic impact of the incorporation of new technologies in different health disorders in different countries. There is scarce information regarding costs incurred with the use of current or new diagnostic tests for tuberculosis or from the vantage point of their incorporation within the healthcare systems of high-burden countries. The present study aimed to assess the mean cost and the activity based cost of the laboratory diagnosis for tuberculosis by means of conventional techniques and from the Detect TB®LabTest molecular test kit in a general high-complexity hospital of the public health system in Brazil. Cost analysis was performed by means of primary data, collected in the Mycobacteria and Molecular Biology Laboratory in 2013. The mean cost and activity based cost were, respectively, U$10.06/U$5.61 for centrifuged bacilloscopy by Ziehl Neelsen (ZN) and Auramine (AU); U$7.42/U$4.15 for direct bacilloscopy by ZN; U$27.38/U$16.50 for culture in a Loweinstein-Jensen solid medium; and U$115.74/U$73.46 for the Detect TB®LabTest Kit. The calculation of the ABC should be used in making decisions by administrators to be the best method of assessing the costs of conventional techniques and molecular method for providing the real value of the tests. So it is need to calculate the ABC, and not of the mean cost, in various scenarios before incorporating new technologies in health institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabela N de Almeida
- Research Laboratory in Mycobacteria, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Lida J de Assis Figueredo
- Research Laboratory in Mycobacteria, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Valéria M Soares
- Research Laboratory in Mycobacteria, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Maria C Vater
- Research Center for Tuberculosis, Academic Program in Tuberculosis, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Suely Alves
- Research Center for Tuberculosis, Academic Program in Tuberculosis, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Research Center for Tuberculosis, Academic Program in Tuberculosis, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Silvana S de Miranda
- Research Laboratory in Mycobacteria, School of Medicine of the Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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de Araujo LS, Vaas LAI, Ribeiro-Alves M, Geffers R, Mello FCQ, de Almeida AS, Moreira ADSR, Kritski AL, Lapa E Silva JR, Moraes MO, Pessler F, Saad MHF. Transcriptomic Biomarkers for Tuberculosis: Evaluation of DOCK9. EPHA4, and NPC2 mRNA Expression in Peripheral Blood. Front Microbiol 2016; 7:1586. [PMID: 27826286 PMCID: PMC5078140 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016.01586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Lately, much effort has been made to find mRNA biomarkers for tuberculosis (TB) disease/infection with microarray-based approaches. In a pilot investigation, through RNA sequencing technology, we observed a prominent modulation of DOCK9, EPHA4, and NPC2 mRNA abundance in the blood of TB patients. To corroborate these findings, independent validations were performed in cohorts from different areas. Gene expression levels in blood were evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR (Brazil, n = 129) or reanalysis of public microarray data (UK: n = 96; South Africa: n = 51; Germany: n = 26; and UK/France: n = 63). In the Brazilian cohort, significant modulation of all target-genes was observed comparing TB vs. healthy recent close TB contacts (rCt). With a 92% specificity, NPC2 mRNA high expression (NPC2high) showed the highest sensitivity (85%, 95% CI 65%–96%; area under the ROC curve [AUROC] = 0.88), followed by EPHA4 (53%, 95% CI 33%–73%, AUROC = 0.73) and DOCK9 (19%, 95% CI 7%–40%; AUROC = 0.66). All the other reanalyzed cohorts corroborated the potential of NPC2high as a biomarker for TB (sensitivity: 82–100%; specificity: 94–97%). An NPC2high profile was also observed in 60% (29/48) of the tuberculin skin test positive rCt, and additional follow-up evaluation revealed changes in the expression levels of NPC2 during the different stages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, suggesting that further studies are needed to evaluate modulation of this gene during latent TB and/or progression to active disease. Considering its high specificity, our data indicate, for the first time, that NPC2high might serve as an accurate single-gene biomarker for TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo S de Araujo
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Lea A I Vaas
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection Research Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcelo Ribeiro-Alves
- Laboratório de Pesquisa Clínica em DST-AIDS, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Robert Geffers
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Fernanda C Q Mello
- Thoracic Diseases Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Alexandre S de Almeida
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Adriana da S R Moreira
- Thoracic Diseases Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Thoracic Diseases Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José R Lapa E Silva
- Thoracic Diseases Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Milton O Moraes
- Laboratório de Hanseníase, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Frank Pessler
- TWINCORE, Center for Experimental and Clinical Infection ResearchHannover, Germany; Helmholtz Centre for Infection ResearchBraunschweig, Germany
| | - Maria H F Saad
- Laboratório de Microbiologia Celular, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Aguiar FS, Torres RC, Pinto JVF, Kritski AL, Seixas JM, Mello FCQ. Development of two artificial neural network models to support the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in hospitalized patients in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Med Biol Eng Comput 2016; 54:1751-1759. [PMID: 27016365 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-016-1465-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a worldwide public health problem. Diagnostic algorithms to identify the best combination of diagnostic tests for PTB in each setting are needed for resource optimization. We developed one artificial neural network model for classification (multilayer perceptron-MLP) and another risk group assignment (self-organizing map-SOM) for PTB in hospitalized patients in a high complexity hospital in Rio de Janeiro City, using clinical and radiologic data collected from 315 presumed PTB cases admitted to isolation rooms from March 2003 to December 2004 (TB prevalence = 21.5 %). The MLP model included 7 variables-radiologic classification, age, gender, cough, night sweats, weight loss and anorexia. The sensitivity of the MLP model was 96.0 % (95 % CI ±2.0), the specificity was 89.0 % (95 % CI ±2.0), the positive predictive value was 72.5 % (95 % CI ±3.5) and the negative predictive value was 98.5 % (95 % CI ±0.5). The variable with the highest discriminative power was the radiologic classification. The high negative predictive value found in the MLP model suggests that the use of this model at the moment of hospital admission is safe. SOM model was able to correctly assign high-, medium- and low-risk groups to patients. If prospective validation in other series is confirmed, these models can become a tool for decision-making in tertiary health facilities in countries with limited resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fábio S Aguiar
- Instituto de Doenças do Tórax (IDT)/Clementino Fraga Filho Hospital (CFFH), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, n° 255 - 6° Andar - Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, 21941-913, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo C Torres
- Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia/Poli, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - João V F Pinto
- Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia/Poli, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Instituto de Doenças do Tórax (IDT)/Clementino Fraga Filho Hospital (CFFH), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, n° 255 - 6° Andar - Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, 21941-913, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - José M Seixas
- Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia/Poli, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fernanda C Q Mello
- Instituto de Doenças do Tórax (IDT)/Clementino Fraga Filho Hospital (CFFH), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rua Professor Rodolpho Paulo Rocco, n° 255 - 6° Andar - Cidade Universitária - Ilha do Fundão, 21941-913, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil
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Nijenbandring de Boer R, Cobelens FGJ, Kritski AL. Response from authors to letter from Eduardo Hernández-Garduño (TUBE 2013_75) Tuberculosis monoresistance and culture conversion in smokers Nijenbandring de Boer R, et al., "Delayed culture conversion due to cigarette smoking in active pulmonary tuberculosis patients, Tuberculosis (2014) January". Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2014; 94:532. [PMID: 25066945 DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renee Nijenbandring de Boer
- Department of Global Health and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Frank G J Cobelens
- Department of Global Health and Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Tuberculosis Academic Program, Medical School/University Hospital Clementino Fraga Filho, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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dos Santos APG, Pacheco AG, Staviack A, Golub JE, Chaisson RE, Rolla VC, Kritski AL, Passos SRL, de Queiroz Mello FC. Safety and effectiveness of HAART in tuberculosis-HIV co-infected patients in Brazil. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2013; 17:192-7. [PMID: 23317954 PMCID: PMC3713776 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antiretroviral therapy (ART) significantly reduces tuberculosis (TB) incidence among persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), but the safety and effectiveness of concomitant treatment for both diseases remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the impact of ART and anti-tuberculosis treatment on survival and risk of adverse events (AE) among co-infected individuals. METHODS In a retrospective cohort study, clinical data were collected from 618 TB-HIV patients treated with rifampin, isoniazid and pyrazinamide ± ethambutol between 1 January 1995 and 31 December 2003. Patients were categorized into two groups: highly active ART (HAART) or no ART. Different HAART regimens were evaluated. Bivariate analysis, multivariate logistic regression and survival analysis using Cox proportional hazards regression were used. RESULTS One-year mortality was lower for patients receiving HAART (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] 0.17, 95%CI 0.09-0.31) compared to no ART. HAART increased the risk of AE (aHR 2.08, 95%CI 1.29-3.36). The odds of AE when receiving a ritonavir + saquinavir HAART regimen was eight-fold higher compared to no ART (OR 8.31, 95%CI 3.04-22.69), while efavirenz-based HAART was not associated with a significantly increased risk of AE (OR 1.42, 95%CI 0.76-2.65). CONCLUSION HIV patients with TB have significantly better survival if they receive HAART during anti-tuberculosis treatment. Efavirenz-based HAART is associated with fewer AEs than protease inhibitor-based HAART.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P G dos Santos
- Institute of Thoracic Diseases, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Barbosa CDB, Lazzarini LCO, Elias AR, Leung JAM, Ribeiro SB, da Silva MG, Duarte RS, Suffys P, Gomes HM, Kritski AL, Lapa E Silva JR, Ho JL, Boéchat N. Tuberculosis caused by RDRio Mycobacterium tuberculosis is not associated with differential clinical features. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:1377-82. [PMID: 22863208 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We recently described the Mycobacterium tuberculosis RD(Rio) genotype, a clonally derived sublineage within the Latin American-Mediterranean (LAM) family. Genetic diversity of M. tuberculosis likely affects the clinical aspects of tuberculosis (TB). Prospective studies that address this issue are scarce and remain controversial. OBJECTIVE To determine the association of differential clinical features of pulmonary TB with the RD(Rio) M. tuberculosis etiology. METHODS Culture-proven pulmonary TB patients (n = 272) were clinically evaluated, including history, physical examination, chest X-ray and anti-human immunodeficiency virus serology. Isolates were classified as RD(Rio) or non-RD(Rio) M. tuberculosis by multiplex polymerase chain reaction and further spoligotyped. Clinical and M. tuberculosis genotype data were analyzed. RESULTS RD(Rio) M. tuberculosis caused disease in 26.5% (72/270) of all TB cases. The LAM genotype, of which RD(Rio) strains are members, was responsible for 46.0% of the TB cases. Demographic data, major signs and symptoms, radiographic presentation, microbiological features and clinical outcomes were not significantly different among patients with TB caused by RD(Rio) and non-RD(Rio) strains. CONCLUSIONS Disease caused by M. tuberculosis RD(Rio) strains was not clinically distinctive or more severe than disease caused by non-RD(Rio) strains in this series of TB patients. Larger prospective studies specifically designed to disclose differential clinical characteristics of TB caused by specific M. tuberculosis lineages are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- C de B Barbosa
- Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Institute of Thoracic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Lago PM, Boéchat N, Migueis DP, Almeida AS, Lazzarini LC, Saldanha MM, Kritski AL, Ho JL, Lapa e Silva JR. Interleukin-10 and interferon-gamma patterns during tuberculosis treatment: possible association with recurrence. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2012; 16:656-9. [PMID: 22410761 DOI: 10.5588/ijtld.11.0707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin (IL) 10 and interferon-gamma (IFN-) levels in induced sputum supernatants of 21 tuberculosis (TB) patients at diagnosis and during chemotherapy were correlated to recurrence rates. IL-10 decreased until day 60 of treatment (T60), and between T60 and T180 it increased again in 7 cases (Pattern 1) and further decreased in 14 cases (Pattern 2). Follow-up of 69 months was performed in 20/21 cases; 6 had recurrence of TB, of which 5/7 (71%) had Pattern 1 and 1/13 (7.7%) Pattern 2 (OR 30.0, 95%CI 2.19411.3, P 0.0072). This was not observed for IFN-. High IL-10 levels at the end of treatment may function as a risk factor for TB recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Lago
- Multidisciplinary Laboratory, Clementino Fraga Filho University Hospital, Institute of Thoracic Diseases, School of Medicine, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Sester M, Giehl C, McNerney R, Kampmann B, Walzl G, Cuchí P, Wingfield C, Lange C, Migliori GB, Kritski AL, Meyerhans A. Challenges and perspectives for improved management of HIV/Mycobacterium tuberculosis co-infection. Eur Respir J 2011; 36:1242-7. [PMID: 21119204 DOI: 10.1183/09031936.00040910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
HIV and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) are two widespread and highly successful microbes whose synergy in pathogenesis has created a significant threat for human health globally. In acknowledgement of this fact, the European Union (EU) has funded a multinational support action, the European Network for global cooperation in the field of AIDS and TB (EUCO-Net), that brings together experts from Europe and those regions that bear the highest burden of HIV/MTB co-infection. Here, we summarise the main outcome of the EUCO-Net project derived from an expert group meeting that took place in Stellenbosch (South Africa) (AIDS/TB Workshop on Research Challenges and Opportunities for Future Collaboration) and the subsequent discussions, and propose priority areas for research and concerted actions that will have impact on future EU calls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sester
- Dept of Transplant and Infection Immunology, Institute of Virology, University of the Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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Scherer LC, Sperhacke RD, Jarczewski C, Cafrune PI, Michelon CT, Rupenthal R, Ribeiro MO, Netto AR, Rossetti MLR, Kritski AL. Comparison of two laboratory-developed PCR methods for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in Brazilian patients with and without HIV infection. BMC Pulm Med 2011; 11:15. [PMID: 21447159 PMCID: PMC3073961 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2466-11-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2010] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Direct smear examination with Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staining for the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is cheap and easy to use, but its low sensitivity is a major drawback, particularly in HIV seropositive patients. As such, new tools for laboratory diagnosis are urgently needed to improve the case detection rate, especially in regions with a high prevalence of TB and HIV. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of two in house PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction): PCR dot-blot methodology (PCR dot-blot) and PCR agarose gel electrophoresis (PCR-AG) for the diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) in HIV seropositive and HIV seronegative patients. METHODS A prospective study was conducted (from May 2003 to May 2004) in a TB/HIV reference hospital. Sputum specimens from 277 PTB suspects were tested by Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB) smear, Culture and in house PCR assays (PCR dot-blot and PCR-AG) and their performances evaluated. Positive cultures combined with the definition of clinical pulmonary TB were employed as the gold standard. RESULTS The overall prevalence of PTB was 46% (128/277); in HIV+, prevalence was 54.0% (40/74). The sensitivity and specificity of PCR dot-blot were 74% (CI 95%; 66.1%-81.2%) and 85% (CI 95%; 78.8%-90.3%); and of PCR-AG were 43% (CI 95%; 34.5%-51.6%) and 76% (CI 95%; 69.2%-82.8%), respectively. For HIV seropositive and HIV seronegative samples, sensitivities of PCR dot-blot (72% vs 75%; p=0.46) and PCR-AG (42% vs 43%; p=0.54) were similar. Among HIV seronegative patients and PTB suspects, ROC analysis presented the following values for the AFB smear (0.837), Culture (0.926), PCR dot-blot (0.801) and PCR-AG (0.599). In HIV seropositive patients, these area values were (0.713), (0.900), (0.789) and (0.595), respectively. CONCLUSION Results of this study demonstrate that the in house PCR dot blot may be an improvement for ruling out PTB diagnosis in PTB suspects assisted at hospitals with a high prevalence of TB/HIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciene C Scherer
- Post Graduation Program in Biological Science-Biochemistry Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Porto Alegre/RS/Brazil.
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Scherer LC, Sperhacke RD, Rossetti MLR, Ruffino-Netto A, Kritski AL. Usefulness of the polymerase chain reaction dot-blot assay, used with Ziehl-Neelsen staining, for the rapid and convenient diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive and -seronegative individuals. Infect Dis Rep 2011; 3:e3. [PMID: 24470902 PMCID: PMC3892596 DOI: 10.4081/idr.2011.e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 01/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/16/2011] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
There are scarce data regarding the value of molecular tests, when used in parallel with classical tools, for the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) under field conditions, especially in regions with a high burden of TB-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection. We evaluated the usefulness of the polymerase chain reaction dot-blot assay (PCR) used in parallel with Ziehl-Neelsen staining (ZN) for pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) diagnosis, in a TB-HIV reference hospital. All sputum samples from 277 patients were tested by ZN, culture, and PCR. Performances were assessed individually, in parallel, for HIV status, history of anti-TB treatment, and in different simulated TB prevalence rates. Overall, the PTB prevalence was 46% (128/277); in HIV-seropositive (HIV+) individuals, PTB prevalence was 54% (40/74); the ZN technique had a lower sensitivity (SE) in the HIV+ group than in the HIV-seronegative (HIV−) group (43% vs. 68%; Fisher test, P<0.05); and the SE of PCR was not affected by HIV status (Fisher test; P=0.46). ZN, in parallel with PCR, presented the following results: i) among all PTB suspects, SE of 90%, specificity (SP) of 84%, likelihood ratio (LR)+ of 5.65 and LR− of 0.12; ii) in HIV− subjects: SE of 92%, LR− of 0.10; iii) in not previously treated cases: SE of 90%, LR− of 0.11; iv) in TB, prevalence rates of 5–20%; negative predictive values (NPV) of 98–99%. ZN used in parallel with PCR showed an improvement in SE, LR−, and NPV, and may offer a novel approach in ruling out PTB cases, especially in not previously treated HIV− individuals, attended in hospitals in developing nations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciene C Scherer
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas - Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul -UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; ; Universidade Luterana do Brasil-ULBRA, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | - Rosa D Sperhacke
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Ciência e Tecnologia-CDCT, Fundação Estadual de Produção e Pesquisa em Saúde-FEPPS/RS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Maria L R Rossetti
- Centro de Desenvolvimento de Ciência e Tecnologia-CDCT, Fundação Estadual de Produção e Pesquisa em Saúde-FEPPS/RS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; ; Universidade Luterana do Brasil-ULBRA, Canoas, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Afrânio L Kritski
- Unidade de Pesquisa em Tuberculose, Programa Acadêmico de TB, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, UPT, HUCFF, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro-UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Teixeira RLF, Silva FP, Silveira AR, Cabello PH, Mendonça-Lima L, Rabahi MF, Kritski AL, Mello FCQ, Suffys PN, de Miranda AB, Santos AR. Sequence analysis of NAT2 gene in Brazilians: identification of undescribed single nucleotide polymorphisms and molecular modeling of the N-acetyltransferase 2 protein structure. Mutat Res 2010; 683:43-49. [PMID: 19909761 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2009.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2009] [Revised: 09/30/2009] [Accepted: 10/16/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
N-Acetyltransferase 2 (NAT2) metabolizes a variety of xenobiotics that includes many drugs, chemicals and carcinogens. This enzyme is genetically variable in human populations and polymorphisms in the NAT2 gene have been associated with drug toxicity and efficacy as well as cancer susceptibility. Here, we have focused on the identification of NAT2 variants in Brazilian individuals from two different regions, Rio de Janeiro and Goiás, by direct sequencing, and on the characterization of new haplotypes after cloning and re-sequencing. Upon analysis of DNA samples from 404 individuals, six new SNPs (c.29T>C, c.152G>T, c.203G>A, c.228C>T, c.458C>T and c.600A>G) and seven new NAT2 alleles were identified with different frequencies in Rio de Janeiro and Goiás. All new SNPs were found as singletons (observed only once in 808 genes) and were confirmed by three independent technical replicates. Molecular modeling and structural analysis suggested that p.Gly51Val variant may have an important effect on substrate recognition by NAT2. We also observed that amino acid change p.Cys68Tyr would affect acetylating activity due to the resulting geometric restrictions and incompatibility of the functional group in the Tyr side chain with the admitted chemical mechanism for catalysis by NATs. Moreover, other variants, such like p.Thr153Ile, p.Thr193Met, p.Pro228Leu and p.Val280Met, may lead to the presence of hydrophobic residues on NAT2 surface involved in protein aggregation and/or targeted degradation. Finally, the new alleles NAT2*6H and NAT2*5N, which showed the highest frequency in the Brazilian populations considered in this study, may code for a slow activity. Functional studies are needed to clarify the mechanisms by which new SNPs interfere with acetylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel L F Teixeira
- Laboratory of Human Genetics, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Brito RC, Mello FCQ, Andrade MK, Oliveira H, Costa W, Matos HJ, Lourenço MC, Rolla VC, Fonseca L, Ruffino Netto A, Kritski AL. Drug-resistant tuberculosis in six hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2010; 14:24-33. [PMID: 20003691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Tuberculosis (TB) drug resistance survey in six hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. OBJECTIVE To estimate resistance to at least one drug (DR) and multidrug resistance (MDR) and identify associated factors. DESIGN One-year cross-sectional survey. Hospitals were included as a convenience sample. RESULTS Of 595 patients investigated, 156 (26.2%) had previously undergone anti-tuberculosis treatment, 433 (72.8%) were not previously treated and information on the remaining 6 was not available. Overall, DR and MDR rates were high, at respectively 102 (17.1%, 95%CI 14.3-20.5) and 44 (7.4%, 95%CI 5.5-9.9) cases. Among individuals not previously treated, 17 had MDR (3.9%, 95%CI 2.4-6.3) and diagnosis in a TB reference hospital was independently associated with MDR (prevalence ratio [PR] 3.3, 95%CI 1.2-8.7) after multivariate analysis. Among previously treated individuals, 27 had MDR (17.3%, 95%CI 11.7-24.2). MDR-TB was independently associated with diagnosis in a TB reference hospital (PR 3.6, 95%CI 1.5-8.7), male sex (PR 2.3, 95%CI 1.2-4.4) and dyspnoea (PR 0.3, 95%CI 0.1-0.7). CONCLUSION We found high levels of DR- and MDR-TB. Our study design did not permit us to determine the contribution of community versus nosocomial transmission. Further studies are needed to establish this. Nevertheless, hospitals should be recognised as a potential source of transmission of resistant TB strains and urgent measures to avoid nosocomial TB transmission should be taken.
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Affiliation(s)
- R C Brito
- Programa de Controle da Tuberculose, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde e Defesa Civil do Rio de Janeiro, Rua México 128, Sala 411, Centro, Rio de Janeiro 20031 142, RJ, Brazil.
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Scherer LC, Sperhacke RD, Ruffino-Netto A, Rossetti ML, Vater C, Klatser P, Kritski AL. Cost-effectiveness analysis of PCR for the rapid diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis. BMC Infect Dis 2009; 9:216. [PMID: 20043842 PMCID: PMC2811112 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2334-9-216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2008] [Accepted: 12/31/2009] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tuberculosis is one of the most prominent health problems in the world, causing 1.75 million deaths each year. Rapid clinical diagnosis is important in patients who have co-morbidities such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection. Direct microscopy has low sensitivity and culture takes 3 to 6 weeks [1-3]. Therefore, new tools for TB diagnosis are necessary, especially in health settings with a high prevalence of HIV/TB co-infection. Methods In a public reference TB/HIV hospital in Brazil, we compared the cost-effectiveness of diagnostic strategies for diagnosis of pulmonary TB: Acid fast bacilli smear microscopy by Ziehl-Neelsen staining (AFB smear) plus culture and AFB smear plus colorimetric test (PCR dot-blot). From May 2003 to May 2004, sputum was collected consecutively from PTB suspects attending the Parthenon Reference Hospital. Sputum samples were examined by AFB smear, culture, and PCR dot-blot. The gold standard was a positive culture combined with the definition of clinical PTB. Cost analysis included health services and patient costs. Results The AFB smear plus PCR dot-blot require the lowest laboratory investment for equipment (US$ 20,000). The total screening costs are 3.8 times for AFB smear plus culture versus for AFB smear plus PCR dot blot costs (US$ 5,635,760 versus US$ 1,498, 660). Costs per correctly diagnosed case were US$ 50,773 and US$ 13,749 for AFB smear plus culture and AFB smear plus PCR dot-blot, respectively. AFB smear plus PCR dot-blot was more cost-effective than AFB smear plus culture, when the cost of treating all correctly diagnosed cases was considered. The cost of returning patients, which are not treated due to a negative result, to the health service, was higher in AFB smear plus culture than for AFB smear plus PCR dot-blot, US$ 374,778,045 and US$ 110,849,055, respectively. Conclusion AFB smear associated with PCR dot-blot associated has the potential to be a cost-effective tool in the fight against PTB for patients attended in the TB/HIV reference hospital.
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Motta MCS, Villa TCS, Golub J, Kritski AL, Ruffino-Netto A, Silva DF, Harter RG, Scatena LM. Access to tuberculosis diagnosis in Itaboraí City, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: the patient's point of view. Int J Tuberc Lung Dis 2009; 13:1137-1141. [PMID: 19723404 PMCID: PMC3697920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
SETTING Itaboraí Municipality in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. OBJECTIVE To evaluate access to tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis for users of the Family Health Program (FHP) and Reference Ambulatory Units (RAUs). DESIGN A cross-sectional study was conducted in Itaboraí City, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Between July and October 2007, a sample of 100 TB patients registered consecutively with the TB Control Program was interviewed using the primary care assessment tool. The two highest scores, describing 'almost always' and 'always', or 'good' and 'very good', were used as a cut-off point to define high quality access to diagnosis. RESULTS FHP patients were older and had less education than RAU interviewees. Sex and overcrowding did not differ in the two groups. Patient groups did not differ with regard to the number of times care was sought at a unit, transport problems, cost of attending units and availability of consultation within 24 h. Adequate access to diagnosis was identified by 62% of the FHP patients and 53% of the RAU patients (P = 0.01). CONCLUSION In Itaboraí, Rio de Janeiro, TB patients believe that the FHP units provide greater access to TB diagnosis than RAUs. These findings will be used by the Department of Health to improve access to diagnosis in Itaboraí.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C S Motta
- Anna Nery School of Nursing, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Trajman A, Kaisermann C, Luiz RR, Sperhacke RD, Rossetti ML, Féres Saad MH, Sardella IG, Spector N, Kritski AL. Pleural fluid ADA, IgA‐ELISA and PCR sensitivities for the diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2009; 67:877-84. [PMID: 17852820 DOI: 10.1080/00365510701459742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis (pTB) is difficult, and more sensitive and specific techniques are needed. In the period August 1998 to November 2002, we evaluated 132 patients with a pleural effusion submitted to a thoracentesis and pleural biopsy in a tertiary care hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Three tests were performed and compared in the pleural fluid: ADA activity measurement, IgA-ELISA for two combined specific Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for detection of M. tuberculosis DNA. Ninety-five patients (72%) were given a final diagnosis of pTB. Overall histopathologic sensitivity was 77%. The sensitivities of pleural fluid culture and AFB smear were 42% and 1%, respectively. Twenty-one (22%) additional patients had a clinical diagnosis of pTB. Median follow-up time of all TB patients after the completion of antituberculous treatment was 13 months. Sensitivities of ADA, IgA-ELISA and PCR were 91%, 78% and 82%, while specificities were 93%, 96% and 85%, respectively. Only ADA sensitivity was significantly higher than the histopathologic examination (McNemar chi2 test; p = 0.002) and also significantly higher than ELISA (p = 0.049), but not higher than PCR (p = 0.143). We conclude that the routine use of ADA activity measurement in pleural fluid can obviate the need for a pleural biopsy in the initial diagnostic approach to pleural effusions, while IgA-ELISA and PCR techniques, potentially more specific tests, need further refinement to improve their accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Trajman
- Universidade Gama Filho, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Almeida AS, Lago PM, Boechat N, Huard RC, Lazzarini LCO, Santos AR, Nociari M, Zhu H, Perez-Sweeney BM, Bang H, Ni Q, Huang J, Gibson AL, Flores VC, Pecanha LR, Kritski AL, Lapa e Silva JR, Ho JL. Tuberculosis Is Associated with a Down-Modulatory Lung Immune Response That Impairs Th1-Type Immunity. J Immunol 2009; 183:718-31. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.0801212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Dalla Costa ER, Ribeiro MO, Silva MSN, Arnold LS, Rostirolla DC, Cafrune PI, Espinoza RC, Palaci M, Telles MA, Ritacco V, Suffys PN, Lopes ML, Campelo CL, Miranda SS, Kremer K, da Silva PEA, Fonseca LDS, Ho JL, Kritski AL, Rossetti MLR. Correlations of mutations in katG, oxyR-ahpC and inhA genes and in vitro susceptibility in Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical strains segregated by spoligotype families from tuberculosis prevalent countries in South America. BMC Microbiol 2009; 9:39. [PMID: 19228426 PMCID: PMC2650697 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2180-9-39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 02/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mutations associated with resistance to rifampin or streptomycin have been reported for W/Beijing and Latin American Mediterranean (LAM) strain families of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A few studies with limited sample sizes have separately evaluated mutations in katG, ahpC and inhA genes that are associated with isoniazid (INH) resistance. Increasing prevalence of INH resistance, especially in high tuberculosis (TB) prevalent countries is worsening the burden of TB control programs, since similar transmission rates are noted for INH susceptible and resistant M. tuberculosis strains. Results We, therefore, conducted a comprehensive evaluation of INH resistant M. tuberculosis strains (n = 224) from three South American countries with high burden of drug resistant TB to characterize mutations in katG, ahpC and inhA gene loci and correlate with minimal inhibitory concentrations (MIC) levels and spoligotype strain family. Mutations in katG were observed in 181 (80.8%) of the isolates of which 178 (98.3%) was contributed by the katG S315T mutation. Additional mutations seen included oxyR-ahpC; inhA regulatory region and inhA structural gene. The S315T katG mutation was significantly more likely to be associated with MIC for INH ≥2 μg/mL. The S315T katG mutation was also more frequent in Haarlem family strains than LAM (n = 81) and T strain families. Conclusion Our data suggests that genetic screening for the S315T katG mutation may provide rapid information for anti-TB regimen selection, epidemiological monitoring of INH resistance and, possibly, to track transmission of INH resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elis R Dalla Costa
- State Foundation for Production and Research in Health (FEPPS), Porto Alegre, Brazil.
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Oelemann MC, Fontes ANB, Pereira MADS, Bravin Y, Silva G, Degrave W, Carvalho ACC, Brito RC, Kritski AL, Suffys PN. Typing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains isolated in Community Health Centers of Rio de Janeiro City, Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2008; 102:455-62. [PMID: 17612765 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762007005000034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2006] [Accepted: 03/12/2007] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fingerprinting of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains from tuberculosis (TB) patients attended in Community Health Centers (CHCs) of Rio de Janeiro was performed to verify possible risk factors for TB transmission. A prospective community-based study was performed during the period of July 1996 to December 1996 by collecting sputum samples of 489 patients in 11 different CHCs in four different planning areas (APs) of the city. Bacteriological, clinical, and epidemiological information was collected and M. tuberculosis genotypes defined after restriction fragment length polymorphism (IS6110-RFLP) and double repetitive element (DRE) fingerprinting of RFLP-clustered cases. Risk factors for TB transmission were looked for using three levels of cluster stringency. Among 349 (71%) positive cultures obtained, IS6110-RFLP typing could be performed on strains from 153 different patients. When using identity of RFLP patterns as cluster definition, 49 (32%) of the strains belonged to a cluster and none of the clinical or epidemiologic characteristics was associated with higher clustering levels. However, higher clustering level was observed in the AP including the central region of the city when compared to others. This strongly suggests that more recent transmission occurs in that area and this may be related with higher incidence of TB and HIV in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maraníbia C Oelemann
- Departamento de Micobacterioses, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21045-900, Brasil
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Scherer LC, Sperhacke RD, Jarczewski C, Cafrune PI, Minghelli S, Ribeiro MO, Mello FC, Ruffino-Netto A, Rossetti ML, Kritski AL. PCR colorimetric dot-blot assay and clinical pretest probability for diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in smear-negative patients. BMC Public Health 2007; 7:356. [PMID: 18096069 PMCID: PMC2241618 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-7-356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2006] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smear-negative pulmonary tuberculosis (SNPTB) accounts for 30% of Pulmonary Tuberculosis (PTB) cases reported annually in developing nations. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) may provide an alternative for the rapid detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB); however little data are available regarding the clinical utility of PCR in SNPTB, in a setting with a high burden of TB/HIV co-infection. METHODS To evaluate the performance of the PCR dot-blot in parallel with pretest probability (Clinical Suspicion) in patients suspected of having SNPTB, a prospective study of 213 individuals with clinical and radiological suspicion of SNPTB was carried out from May 2003 to May 2004, in a TB/HIV reference hospital. Respiratory specialists estimated the pretest probability of active disease into high, intermediate, low categories. Expectorated sputum was examined by direct microscopy (Ziehl-Neelsen staining), culture (Lowenstein Jensen) and PCR dot-blot. Gold standard was based on culture positivity combined with the clinical definition of PTB. RESULTS In smear-negative and HIV subjects, active PTB was diagnosed in 28.4% (43/151) and 42.2% (19/45), respectively. In the high, intermediate and low pretest probability categories active PTB was diagnosed in 67.4% (31/46), 24% (6/25), 7.5% (6/80), respectively. PCR had sensitivity of 65% (CI 95%: 50%-78%) and specificity of 83% (CI 95%: 75%-89%). There was no difference in the sensitivity of PCR in relation to HIV status. PCR sensitivity and specificity among non-previously TB treated and those treated in the past were, respectively: 69%, 43%, 85% and 80%. The high pretest probability, when used as a diagnostic test, had sensitivity of 72% (CI 95%:57%-84%) and specificity of 86% (CI 95%:78%-92%). Using the PCR dot-blot in parallel with high pretest probability as a diagnostic test, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were: 90%, 71%, 75%, and 88%, respectively. Among non-previously TB treated and HIV subjects, this approach had sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of 91%, 79%, 81%, 90%, and 90%, 65%, 72%, 88%, respectively. CONCLUSION PCR dot-blot associated with a high clinical suspicion may provide an important contribution to the diagnosis of SNPTB mainly in patients that have not been previously treated attended at a TB/HIV reference hospital.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luciene Cardoso Scherer
- Programa de pós Graduação em Ciências Biológicas- Bioquímica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Teixeira RLF, Miranda AB, Pacheco AG, Lopes MQP, Fonseca-Costa J, Rabahi MF, Melo HM, Kritski AL, Mello FCQ, Suffys PN, Santos AR. Genetic profile of the arylamine N-acetyltransferase 2 coding gene among individuals from two different regions of Brazil. Mutat Res 2007; 624:31-40. [PMID: 17509624 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrfmmm.2007.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2006] [Revised: 01/11/2007] [Accepted: 03/01/2007] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Arylamine N-acetyltranferase 2 is the main enzyme responsible for the isoniazid metabolization into hepatotoxic intermediates and the degree of hepatotoxicity severity has been attributed to genetic variability in the NAT2 gene. The main goal of this study was to describe the genetic profile of the NAT2 gene in individuals from two different regions of Brazil: Rio de Janeiro and Goiás States. Therefore, after preparation of DNA samples from 404 individuals, genotyping of the coding region of NAT2 was performed by direct PCR sequencing. Thirteen previously described SNPs were detected in these Brazilian populations, from which seven: 191 G>A; 282 C>T; 341 T>C; 481 C>T; 590 G>A; 803 A>G and 857 G>A are the most frequent in other populations. The presence of so-called ethnic-specific SNPs in our population is in accordance with the Brazilians' multiple ancestry. Upon allele and genotype analysis, the most frequent NAT2 alleles were respectively NAT2*5B (33%), NAT2*6A (26%) and NAT2*4 (20%) being NAT2*5/*5 the more prevalent genotype (31.7%). These results clearly demonstrate the predominance in the studied Brazilian groups of NAT2 alleles associated with slow over the fast and intermediate acetylator genotypes. Additionally, in Rio de Janeiro, a significantly higher frequency of intermediate acetylation status was found when compared to Goiás (42.5% versus 25%) (p=0.05), demonstrating that different regions of a country with a population characterized by a multi-ethnic ancestry may present a large degree of variability in NAT2 allelic frequencies. This finding has implications in the determination of nationwide policies for use of appropriate anti-TB drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel L F Teixeira
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology Applied to Mycobacteria, Department of Mycobacteriosis, IOC/Fiocruz, Avenida Brasil 4365, Manguinhos, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 21040-900, Brazil
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Flores-Batista VCS, Boechat N, Lago PM, Lazzarini LC, Pessanha LR, Almeida AS, Mafort TT, Kritski AL, Ho JL, Lapa-e-Silva JR. Low expression of antigen-presenting and costimulatory molecules by lung cells from tuberculosis patients. Braz J Med Biol Res 2007; 40:1671-9. [PMID: 17713660 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2006005000141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2006] [Accepted: 05/09/2007] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Costimulatory and antigen-presenting molecules are essential to the initiation of T cell immunity to mycobacteria. The present study analyzed by immunocytochemistry, using monoclonal antibodies and alkaline phosphatase-anti-alkaline phosphatase method, the frequency of costimulatory (CD86, CD40, CD40L, CD28, and CD152) and antigen-presenting (MHC class II and CD1) molecules expression on human lung cells recovered by sputum induction from tuberculosis (TB) patients (N = 22) and non-TB controls (N = 17). TB cases showed a statistically significant lower percentage of HLA-DR+ cells than control subjects (21.9 +/- 4.2 vs 50.0 +/- 7.2%, P < 0.001), even though similar proportions of TB cases (18/22) and control subjects (16/17, P = 0.36) had HLA-DR-positive-stained cells. In addition, fewer TB cases (10/22) compared to control subjects (16/17) possessed CD86-expressing cells (P = 0.04; OR: 0.05; 95%CI = 0.00-0.51), and TB cases expressed a lower percentage of CD86+ cells (P = 0.04). Moreover, TB patients with clinically limited disease ( pound1 lobe) on chest X-ray exhibited a lower percentage of CD86-bearing cells compared to patients with more extensive lung disease (>1 lobe) (P = 0.02). The lower expression by lung cells from TB patients of HLA-DR and CD86, molecules involved in antigen presentation and activation of T cells, may minimize T cell recognition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, fostering an immune dysfunctional state and active TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- V C S Flores-Batista
- Laboratório Multidisciplinar de Pesquisa, Instituto de Doenças do Tórax, Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil
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