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Górska-Andrzejak J, Widacha L, Wadowski R, Mitka M, Tylko G. Dietary acrylamide disrupts the functioning of the biological clock. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 476:134912. [PMID: 38909469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a known carcinogen and neurotoxin. It is chronically consumed in carbohydrate-rich snacks processed at high temperatures. This calls for systematic research into the effects of ACR intake, best performed in an experimental model capable of detecting symptoms of its neurotoxicity at both high and low doses. Here, we study the influence of 10 µg/g (corresponding to the concentrations found in food products) and, for comparison, 60, 80 and 110 µg/g dietary ACR, on the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. We show that chronic administration of ACR affects lifespan, activity level and, most importantly, the daily and circadian pattern of locomotor activity of Drosophila. ACR-treated flies show well-defined and concentration-dependent symptoms of ACR neurotoxicity; a reduced anticipation of upcoming changes in light conditions and increased arrhythmicity in constant darkness. The results suggest that the rhythm-generating neural circuits of their circadian oscillator (biological clock) are sensitive to ACR even at low concentrations if the exposure time is sufficiently long. This makes the behavioural readout of the clock, the rhythm of locomotor activity, a useful tool for studying the adverse effects of ACR and probably other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Górska-Andrzejak
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Lucyna Widacha
- Chair of Exercise Physiology and Muscle Bioenergetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Robert Wadowski
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Mitka
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Tylko
- Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Bonucci A, Urbani S, Servili M, Selvaggini R, Daidone L, Dottori I, Sordini B, Veneziani G, Taticchi A, Esposto S. Baby Foods: 9 Out of 62 Exceed the Reference Limits for Acrylamide. Foods 2024; 13:2690. [PMID: 39272457 PMCID: PMC11394281 DOI: 10.3390/foods13172690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2024] [Revised: 08/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) is a contaminant resulting from the Maillard reaction and classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as a probable carcinogen in Group 2A, with proven neurotoxic effects on humans. European Union (EU) Regulation No. 2017/2158 is currently in force, which establishes measures meant to reduce AA levels in food and sets reference values, but not legal limits, equal to 40 and 150 μg/kg AA in processed cereal-based foods intended for infants and young children and in biscuits and rusks, respectively. For this reason, sixty-two baby foods were analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-Q-TOF/MS) to check whether industries were complying with these values, even though AA control is not legally mandatory. In total, 14.5% of the samples exceeded the reference values; these were homogenized chicken products (211.84 ± 16.53, 154.32 ± 12.71, 194.88 ± 7.40 μg/kg), three biscuits (276.36 ± 0.03, 242.06 ± 0.78, 234.78 ± 4.53 μg/kg), a wheat semolina (46.07 ± 0.23 μg/kg), a homogenized product with plaice and potatoes (45.52 ± 0.28 μg/kg), and a children's snack with milk and cocoa (40.95 ± 0.32 μg/kg). Subsequently, the daily intake of AA was estimated, considering the worst-case scenario, as provided by the consumption of homogenized chicken products and biscuits. The results are associated with margins of exposure (MOEs) that are not concerning for neurotoxic effects but are alarming for the probable carcinogenic effects of AA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Bonucci
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefania Urbani
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maurizio Servili
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberto Selvaggini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Luigi Daidone
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Ilenia Dottori
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Beatrice Sordini
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Gianluca Veneziani
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Agnese Taticchi
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
| | - Sonia Esposto
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, 06126 Perugia, Italy
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Peivasteh-Roudsari L, Karami M, Barzegar-Bafrouei R, Samiee S, Karami H, Tajdar-Oranj B, Mahdavi V, Alizadeh AM, Sadighara P, Oliveri Conti G, Mousavi Khaneghah A. Toxicity, metabolism, and mitigation strategies of acrylamide: a comprehensive review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2024; 34:1-29. [PMID: 36161963 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2022.2123907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide, a food-borne chemical toxicant, has raised global concern in recent decades. It mainly originated from reducing sugar and free amino acid interactions in the carbohydrate-rich foodstuffs heated at high temperatures. Due to the neurotoxicity and carcinogenicity of AA, the mechanism of formation, toxic effects on health, and mitigation strategies, including conventional approaches and innovative technologies, have been of great interest since its discovery in food. Potato products (especially French fries and crisps), coffee, and cereals(bread and biscuit) are renowned contributors to AA's daily intake. The best preventive methods discussed in the literature include time/temperature optimization, blanching, enzymatic treatment, yeast treatment, additives, pulsed electric fields, ultrasound, vacuum roasting, air frying, and irradiation, exhibiting a high efficacy in AA elimination in food products.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marziyeh Karami
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Raziyeh Barzegar-Bafrouei
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Samane Samiee
- Food and Drug Administration, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadis Karami
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Behrouz Tajdar-Oranj
- Food and Drug Administration, Iran Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahideh Mahdavi
- Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
| | - Adel Mirza Alizadeh
- Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Public Health, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Parisa Sadighara
- Department of Environmental Health, Food Safety Division, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gea Oliveri Conti
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Advanced Technologies "G.F. Ingrassia," Hygiene and Public Health, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Fergany A, Zong C, Ekuban FA, Suzuki A, Kimura Y, Ichihara S, Iwakura Y, Ichihara G. Deletion of IL-1β exacerbates acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Toxicol Sci 2023; 195:246-256. [PMID: 37540211 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfad077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide is a neurotoxicant in human and experimental animals. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a proinflammatory cytokine known as a critical component of brain reaction to any insult or neurodegenerative pathologies, though its role in electrophile-induced neurotoxicity remains elusive. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of IL-1β in acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity in mice. Ten-week-old male wild-type and IL-1β knock-out mice were allocated into 3 groups each and exposed to acrylamide at 0, 12.5, 25 mg/kg body weight by oral gavage for 28 days. Compared with wild-type mice, the results showed a significant increase in landing foot spread test and a significant decrease in density of cortical noradrenergic axons in IL-1β KO mice exposed to acrylamide at 25 mg/kg body weight. Exposure to acrylamide at 25 mg/kg significantly increased cortical gene expression of Gclc, Gpx1, and Gpx4 in wild-type mice but decreased them in IL-1β KO mice. The same exposure level significantly increased total glutathione and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) in the cerebellum of wild-type mice but neither changed total glutathione nor decreased GSSG in the cerebellum of IL-1β KO mice. The basal level of malondialdehyde in the cerebellum was higher in IL-1β KO mice than in wild-type mice. The results suggest that IL-1β protects the mouse brain against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity, probably through suppression of oxidative stress by glutathione synthesis and peroxidation. This unexpected result provides new insight on the protective role of IL-1β in acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alzahraa Fergany
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
- Laboratory of Genetics and Genetic Engineering in Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Cai Zong
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Frederick Adams Ekuban
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Aina Suzuki
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kimura
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Sahoko Ichihara
- Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Jichi Medical University School of Medicine, Shimotsuke, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Iwakura
- Division of Experimental Animal Immunology, Research Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
| | - Gaku Ichihara
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Japan
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Gündüz D, Çetin H, Dönmez AÇ. Investigation of the effects of swimming exercises in rats given acrylamide. Morphologie 2023; 107:228-237. [PMID: 36481219 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acrylamide is a toxic substance used in industrial and laboratory processes. Acrylamide exposure has a toxic effect on many systems. Protective mechanisms should be developed against the effects caused by acrylamide. OBJECTIVE In our study, we investigated whether exercise has a protective effect against the changes that acrylamide will cause in pancreas. METHODS 32 adult Sprague-Dawley male rats were used. Control group was given only saline. Exercise group was applied swimming exercise for 1hour daily for 4 weeks. Acrylamide group was given 50mg/kg acrylamide by gavage for 4 weeks. Acrylamide+exercise group was applied 50mg/kg acrylamide for 4 weeks and swimming exercise for 1hour daily. After the experiment, fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance test measurements were performed. Then, blood and pancreas samples were taken. RESULTS Acrylamide exposure caused an increase in fasting blood glucose and oral glucose tolerance, a decrease in insulin levels and oxidative stress in acrylamide group. In exercise group, these values were similar to control group and no significant change was observed in acrylamide+exercise group. While there was an increase in the number of alpha cells in acrylamide group compared to the other groups, here was a decrease in the number of beta cells compared to control group. CONCLUSION We can say that acrylamide causes changes in the islets of Langerhans by affecting alpha and beta cell numbers. The protective effect of exercise on beta and alpha cell mass was not statistically significant in the acrylamide+exercise group. When the results were examined, the decrease in oxidative stress and the higher number of beta and alpha cells in the acrylamide+exercise group compared to the acrylamide group suggested that 4 weeks of swimming exercise may have an effect on acrylamide exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Gündüz
- Malatya Turgut Ozal University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, 44210 Malatya, Turkey.
| | - H Çetin
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Denizli, Turkey.
| | - A Ç Dönmez
- Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Denizli, Turkey.
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Soy Protein Isolate Interacted with Acrylamide to Reduce the Release of Acrylamide in the In Vitro Digestion Model. Foods 2023; 12:foods12061136. [PMID: 36981063 PMCID: PMC10048519 DOI: 10.3390/foods12061136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA), a common carcinogen, has been found in many dietary products.. This study aimed to explore the interaction of soybean protein isolate (SPI) with AA and further research the different effects of SPI on the AA release due to interactions in the in vitro digestion model. Analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results suggested that AA could bind with SPI in vitro, leading to the variation in SPI structure. The intrinsic fluorescence of SPI was quenched by AA via static quenching. The non-covalent (van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding) and covalent bonds were the main interaction forces between SPI and AA. Furthermore, the release of AA significantly decreased due to its interaction with SPI under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. SPI had different effects on the AA release rate after different treatments. The thermal (80, 85, 90, and 95 °C for either 10 or 20 min) and ultrasound (200, 300, and 400 W for either 15, 30, or 60 min) treatments of SPI were useful in reducing the release of AA. However, the high pressure-homogenized (30, 60, 90, and 120 MPa once, twice, or thrice) treatments of SPI were unfavorable for reducing the release of AA.
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El-Tawila M, Agamy N, Emara R, Aboorhyem S, Elzayat A. Dietary Risk Assessment of Acrylamide in School Canteen Snacks among Primary School Students in Alexandria Governorate. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.9779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Acrylamide (AA) is considered as a carcinogenic and genotoxic food contaminant produced in carbohydrate-rich foods Canteen snacks available in school are among these carbohydrate-rich foods. The paper investigates the risk associated with consuming acrylamide rich canteen snacks.
AIM: The aim of the work was to study the dietary risk of acrylamide in school canteen snacks among primary school students and to determine the concentration of AA in different snacks
METHODS: The level of AA was detected in 73 samples for 16 different canteen snacks sold at school canteens. Samples were collected randomly from the canteens of primary schools in Alexandria city. All samples were extracted and cleaned-up then analyzed using HPLC techniques. A food frequency questionnaire was designed to determine the frequency and amount of consumption of different canteen snacks among primary school students during school day. The data was collected from six different primary schools in Alexandria city (3 public and 3 private schools). All interviewed school students (466 student) were weighted for the calculation of dietary exposure of AA during school day.
RESULTS: The results showed that, the average and the 95th percentile of acrylamide exposure were 1.4 and 4 μgkg−1 BWsd−1, respectively. There is a statistically significant difference between dietary exposure to AA between private schools and public schools. The estimated margin of exposure (MOE) calculated from the average acrylamide exposure was 128 and 221 and from 95th percentile was 45 and 77, based on BDML10 values 0.18 mgkg−1 BWd−1 and 0.31 mgkg−1 BWd−1. With the highest risk calculated in schools offering fried foods prepared in school canteen.
CONCLUSION: Dietary exposure to AA from canteen snacks among primary school students in Alexandria city is considered as a health concern according to the definition of the WHO, where the calculated MOE values were very close to the values set by the JECFA committee (45-310) for health problems of concern.
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Risk Evaluation of Acrylamide in Powder Infant Formula Based on Ingredient and Formulation in Three Critical Age Groups of Children Below 2 Years Old: Efficient Microextraction Followed by GC–MS Analysis Based on CCD. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-021-02101-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Nrf2 Activation Attenuates Acrylamide-Induced Neuropathy in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115995. [PMID: 34206048 PMCID: PMC8199319 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 05/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide is a well characterized neurotoxicant known to cause neuropathy and encephalopathy in humans and experimental animals. To investigate the role of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in acrylamide-induced neuropathy, male C57Bl/6JJcl adult mice were exposed to acrylamide at 0, 200 or 300 ppm in drinking water and co-administered with subcutaneous injections of sulforaphane, a known activator of the Nrf2 signaling pathway at 0 or 25 mg/kg body weight daily for 4 weeks. Assessments for neurotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, oxidative stress as well as messenger RNA-expression analysis for Nrf2-antioxidant and pro-inflammatory cytokine genes were conducted. Relative to mice exposed only to acrylamide, co-administration of sulforaphane protected against acrylamide-induced neurotoxic effects such as increase in landing foot spread or decrease in density of noradrenergic axons as well as hepatic necrosis and hemorrhage. Moreover, co-administration of sulforaphane enhanced acrylamide-induced mRNA upregulation of Nrf2 and its downstream antioxidant proteins and suppressed acrylamide-induced mRNA upregulation of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the cerebral cortex. The results demonstrate that activation of the Nrf2 signaling pathway by co-treatment of sulforaphane provides protection against acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity through suppression of oxidative stress and inflammation. Nrf2 remains an important target for the strategic prevention of acrylamide-induced neurotoxicity.
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Effects of Acrylamide-Induced Vasorelaxation and Neuromuscular Blockage: A Rodent Study. TOXICS 2021; 9:toxics9060117. [PMID: 34074029 PMCID: PMC8225216 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9060117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR), which is formed during the Maillard reaction, is used in various industrial processes. ACR accumulation in humans and laboratory animals results in genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, neurotoxicity, and reproductive toxicity. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms by which ACR may induce vasorelaxation and neuromuscular toxicity. Vasorelaxation was studied using an isolated rat aortic ring model. The aortic rings were divided into the following groups: with or without endothelium, with nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibition, with acetylcholine receptor inhibition, and with extracellular calcium inhibition. Changes in tension were used to indicate vasorelaxation. Neuromuscular toxicity was assessed using a phrenic nerve-diaphragm model. Changes in muscle contraction stimulated by the phrenic nerve were used to indicate neuromuscular toxicity. ACR induced the vasorelaxation of phenylephrine-precontracted aortic rings, which could be significantly attenuated by NOS inhibitors. The results of the phrenic nerve-diaphragm experiments revealed that ACR reduced muscle stimulation and contraction through nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR). ACR-induced vasotoxicity was regulated by NOS through the aortic endothelium. Nicotinic AChR regulated ACR-induced neuromuscular blockage.
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Rayappa MK, Viswanathan PA, Rattu G, Krishna PM. Nanomaterials Enabled and Bio/Chemical Analytical Sensors for Acrylamide Detection in Thermally Processed Foods: Advances and Outlook. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:4578-4603. [PMID: 33851531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c07956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide, a food processing contaminant with demonstrated genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive toxicity, is largely present in numerous prominent and commonly consumed food products that are produced by thermal processing methods. Food regulatory bodies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (U.S. FDA) and European Union Commission regulations have disseminated various acrylamide mitigation strategies in food processing practices. Hence, in the wake of such food and public health safety efforts, there is a rising demand for economic, rapid, and portable detection and quantification methods for these contaminants. Since conventional quantification techniques like liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) methods are expensive and have many drawbacks, sensing platforms with various transduction systems have become an efficient alternative tool for quantifying various target molecules in a wide variety of food samples. Therefore, this present review discusses in detail the state of robust, nanomaterials-based and other bio/chemical sensor fabrication techniques, the sensing mechanism, and the selective qualitative and quantitative measurement of acrylamide in various food materials. The discussed sensors use analytical measurements ranging from diverse and disparate optical, electrochemical, as well as piezoelectric methods. Further, discussions about challenges and also the potential development of the lab-on-chip applications for acrylamide detection and quantification are entailed at the end of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirinal Kumar Rayappa
- Physics Research Group, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM) (Deemed to be University, Under MOFPI, Government of India), Sonipat, Haryana, India, 131028
| | - Priyanka A Viswanathan
- Physics Research Group, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM) (Deemed to be University, Under MOFPI, Government of India), Sonipat, Haryana, India, 131028
| | - Gurdeep Rattu
- Physics Research Group, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM) (Deemed to be University, Under MOFPI, Government of India), Sonipat, Haryana, India, 131028
| | - P Murali Krishna
- Physics Research Group, Department of Basic and Applied Sciences, National Institute of Food Technology Entrepreneurship and Management (NIFTEM) (Deemed to be University, Under MOFPI, Government of India), Sonipat, Haryana, India, 131028
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Bu Q, Huang Y, Li M, Dai Y, Fang X, Chen K, Liu Q, Xue A, Zhong K, Huang Y, Gao H, Cen X. Acrylamide exposure represses neuronal differentiation, induces cell apoptosis and promotes tau hyperphosphorylation in hESC-derived 3D cerebral organoids. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111643. [PMID: 32763439 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Acrylamide (ACR) is a common food contaminant with neurotoxic effects that are formed in the Maillard browning reaction during the heat processing of food. Importantly, pregnant women are also exposed to ACR in food during pregnancy and thus, the fetus is likely affected. However, the mechanisms of ACR-caused neurotoxicity on human brain development are still unclear. Many recent studies employed cerebral organoids based on human embryonic stem cells (hESC) for investigating human neurodevelopmental disorders and toxicity. Here, we generated hESC-derived cerebral organoids to evaluate the neurodevelopmental toxicity of ACR. The results indicated that exposure to ACR significantly altered the transcriptional profile, increased nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (NRF2)-mediated gene expression, induced cell apoptosis, repressed neuronal differentiation, and promoted tau hyperphosphorylation in cerebral organoids, which may contribute to ACR-induced neurodevelopmental toxicity. These results indicate that the risk of transplacental exposure of the fetus to ACR should be evaluated and pregnant mothers should limit their exposure to ACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Bu
- West China School of Public Health and Heathy Food Evaluation Research Center and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yan Huang
- West China School of Public Health and Heathy Food Evaluation Research Center and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Meng Li
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yanping Dai
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Xin Fang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Ke Chen
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qian Liu
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Aiqin Xue
- National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Kai Zhong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yina Huang
- West China School of Public Health and Heathy Food Evaluation Research Center and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Biomass and Engineering and Healthy Food Evaluation Research Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xiaobo Cen
- West China School of Public Health and Heathy Food Evaluation Research Center and West China Fourth Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Drugs, State Key Lab of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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13
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Mousavi Khaneghah A, Fakhri Y, Nematollahi A, Seilani F, Vasseghian Y. The Concentration of Acrylamide in Different Food Products: A Global Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2020.1791175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yadolah Fakhri
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Student Research Committee, School of Public Health and Safety, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amene Nematollahi
- Department of Food Safety and Hygiene, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Seilani
- Department of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Yasser Vasseghian
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
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14
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de Mendonça Pereira BF, de Almeida CC, Leandro KC, da Costa MP, Conte-Junior CA, Spisso BF. Occurrence, sources, and pathways of chemical contaminants in infant formulas. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2020; 19:1378-1396. [PMID: 33337090 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Infant formulas are manufactured products to meet specific nutritional requirements for infants. However, infant formulas can contain harmful substances, such as chemical contaminants and residues, normally due to possible contamination of the raw material or from the production chain. Some studies have demonstrated that veterinary drugs, pesticides, mycotoxins, heavy metals, packaging materials, within other chemicals are found in infant formulas from different sources of contamination. It is known that some of these substances can be hepatotoxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic, immunotoxic, contributing to antibiotic resistance, among other detrimental consequences for consumers' health. The purpose of this review is to assess the scientific evidence concerning the occurrence, sources, and pathways of contamination, as well as the detrimental impacts on infant health due to the possible presence of chemical contaminants and residues in infant formulas. Moreover, strategies to reduce the risk of contamination of infant formulas are presented to ensure the highest standards of quality of infant formulas. The entire infant formula manufacturing process should be monitored and controlled to minimize the risk of contamination during processing, storage, and distribution, besides ensuring the use of raw materials with as low as acceptable levels of harmful substances in order to assure that the final product shall comply with the maximum levels and maximum residue limits, when established, for residues and contaminants in the final product.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cristine Couto de Almeida
- Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Centro Laboratorial Analítico, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil
| | - Katia Christina Leandro
- Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marion Pereira da Costa
- Centro Laboratorial Analítico, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Laboratório de Inspeção e Tecnologia de Leite e Derivados, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Carlos Adam Conte-Junior
- Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Centro Laboratorial Analítico, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência de Alimentos, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Bernardete Ferraz Spisso
- Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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15
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Pan M, Liu K, Yang J, Hong L, Xie X, Wang S. Review of Research into the Determination of Acrylamide in Foods. Foods 2020; 9:E524. [PMID: 32331265 PMCID: PMC7230758 DOI: 10.3390/foods9040524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) is produced by high-temperature processing of high carbohydrate foods, such as frying and baking, and has been proved to be carcinogenic. Because of its potential carcinogenicity, it is very important to detect the content of AA in foods. In this paper, the conventional instrumental analysis methods of AA in food and the new rapid immunoassay and sensor detection are reviewed, and the advantages and disadvantages of various analysis technologies are compared, in order to provide new ideas for the development of more efficient and practical analysis methods and detection equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (L.H.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Kaixin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (L.H.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jingying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (L.H.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Liping Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (L.H.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Xiaoqian Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (L.H.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China; (M.P.); (K.L.); (J.Y.); (L.H.); (X.X.)
- Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education of China, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
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16
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Esposito F, Fasano E, De Vivo A, Velotto S, Sarghini F, Cirillo T. Processing effects on acrylamide content in roasted coffee production. Food Chem 2020; 319:126550. [PMID: 32169765 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide is a toxic compound that develops during the roasting process of coffee beans. According to literature, the levels of acrylamide in coffee vary with the percentage of Robusta type in the mix and with the time-temperature parameters during the roasting process. Therefore, this study aimed to find the best roasting conditions in order to mitigate acrylamide formation. Two types of roasted coffee (Arabica and Robusta) were analyzed through GC-MS and two clean-up methods were compared. The best roasting conditions were optimized on an industrial scale and the median levels of acrylamide decreased from the range 170-484 µg kg-1 to 159-351 µg kg-1, after the optimization of roasting parameters. Therefore, the choice of the best conditions, according to the percentage of Robusta type in the finished product, could be an efficient mitigation strategy for acrylamide formation in coffee, maintaining the manufacturer's requirements of the finished product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Esposito
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Evelina Fasano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Angela De Vivo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Salvatore Velotto
- Department of Promotion of Human Sciences and the Quality of Life, University of Study of Roma "San Raffaele", via di Val Cannuta, 247, 00166 Roma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Sarghini
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Cirillo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", via Università, 100, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
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17
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Bo N, Yilin H, Haiyang Y, Yuan Y. Acrylamide induced the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome via ROS-MAPKs pathways in Kupffer cells. FOOD AGR IMMUNOL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/09540105.2019.1696284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Bo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Yilin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Haiyang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Pascari X, Marín S, Ramos AJ, Molino F, Sanchis V. Deoxynivalenol in cereal-based baby food production process. A review. Food Control 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2018.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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19
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Pundir CS, Yadav N, Chhillar AK. Occurrence, synthesis, toxicity and detection methods for acrylamide determination in processed foods with special reference to biosensors: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2019.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Yadav N, Narang J, Mishra A, Chhillar AK, Pundir CS. WITHDRAWN: Paper based electrochemical biosensor using haemoglobin nanoparticles for detection of acrylamide in processed foods. J Food Drug Anal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfda.2018.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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21
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Yadav N, Chhillar AK, Pundir CS. Preparation, characterization and application of haemoglobin nanoparticles for detection of acrylamide in processed foods. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 107:1000-1013. [PMID: 28965965 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2017.09.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Revised: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The nanoparticles of haemoglobin (HbNPs) were prepared by desolvation method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM),UV-vis spectroscopy, Fourier transformation infra red (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Protein profile of HbNPs was also studied by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). An amperometric acrylamide biosensor was constructed by immobilizing covalently HbNPs onto polycrystalline Au electrode. The Au electrode was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS) before and after immobilization of HbNPs. The biosensor showed optimum current response within 2s at 0.26V, pH 5.0 at room temperature (20°C). The biosensor measured the acrylamide concentration in processed foods. The working range of biosensor was 0.1nm-100mM with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.1nM. The biosensor measured acrylamide concentration in various processed foods such as biscuits, bread, potato crisps, "kurkure", nuts and fried cereals. The analytical recovery of added acrylamide in aqueous extract of food at 5 and 10mM was 99% and 98% respectively. Within-and between-batch, co-efficient of variations were 3.85% and 4.67% respectively. The structural analogs of acrylamide such as acrylic acid and propionic acid had practically no interference on the biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neelam Yadav
- Centre for Biotechnology, M.D.University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India
| | | | - Chandra S Pundir
- Department of Biochemistry, M.D.University, Rohtak-124001, Haryana, India.
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22
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Esposito F, Nardone A, Fasano E, Triassi M, Cirillo T. Determination of acrylamide levels in potato crisps and other snacks and exposure risk assessment through a Margin of Exposure approach. Food Chem Toxicol 2017; 108:249-256. [PMID: 28811114 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2017.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Potato crisps, corn-based extruded snacks and other savoury snacks are very popular products especially among younger generations. These products could be a potential source of acrylamide (AA), a toxic compound which could develop during frying and baking processes. The purpose of this study was the assessment of the dietary intake to AA across six groups of consumers divided according to age through the consumption of potato crisps and other snacks, in order to eventually evaluate the margin of exposure (MOE) related to neurotoxic and carcinogenic critical endpoints. Different brands of potato crisps and other popular snacks were analyzed through a matrix solid-phase dispersion method followed by a bromination step and GC-MS quantification. The concentration of detected AA ranged from 21 to 3444 ng g-1 and the highest level occurred in potato crisps samples which showed a median value of 968 ng g-1. The risk characterization through MOE assessment revealed that five out of six consumers groups showed higher exposure values associated with an augmented carcinogenic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Esposito
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100 - 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Nardone
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Evelina Fasano
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100 - 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Triassi
- Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, Via Sergio Pansini, 5 - 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Cirillo
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Università, 100 - 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
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23
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Mihoub M, Abdallah J, Richarme G. Protein Repair from Glycation by Glyoxals by the DJ-1 Family Maillard Deglycases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2017; 1037:133-147. [PMID: 29147907 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6583-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
DJ-1 and its prokaryotic homologs, Hsp31, YhbO and YajL from Escherichia coli and PfpI from Pyrococcus furiosus, repair proteins from glycation by glyoxals (R-CO-CHO), which constitute their major glycating agents. Glycation is a non-enzymatic covalent reaction discovered by Louis Camille Maillard in 1912, between reactive carbonyls (reducing sugars and glyoxals) and amino acids (cysteine, arginine and lysine), which inactivates proteins. By degrading Maillard adducts formed between carbonyls and thiols or amino groups, the DJ-1 family Maillard deglycases prevent the formation of the so-called advanced glycation end products (AGEs) that arise from Maillard adducts after dehydrations, oxidations and rearrangements. Since glycation is involved in ageing, cancer, atherosclerosis and cataracts, as well as post-diabetic, neurovegetatives and renal and autoimmune diseases, the DJ-1 deglycases are likely to play an important role in preventing these diseases. These deglycases, especially those from thermophilic organisms, may also be used to prevent the formation of dietary AGEs during food processing, sterilization and storage. They also prevent acrylamide formation in food, likely by degrading the asparagine/glyoxal Maillard adducts responsible for its formation. Since Maillard adducts are the substrates of the DJ-1 family deglycases, we propose renaming them Maillard deglycases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouadh Mihoub
- Stress Molecules, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris 7, UMR 7592, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75013, Paris, France
| | - Jad Abdallah
- Stress Molecules, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris 7, UMR 7592, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75013, Paris, France.,School of Pharmacy, Lebanese American University, Byblos, Lebanon
| | - Gilbert Richarme
- Stress Molecules, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris 7, UMR 7592, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75013, Paris, France.
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24
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Richarme G, Marguet E, Forterre P, Ishino S, Ishino Y. DJ-1 family Maillard deglycases prevent acrylamide formation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:1111-6. [PMID: 27530919 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The presence of acrylamide in food is a worldwide concern because it is carcinogenic, reprotoxic and neurotoxic. Acrylamide is generated in the Maillard reaction via condensation of reducing sugars and glyoxals arising from their decomposition, with asparagine, the amino acid forming the backbone of the acrylamide molecule. We reported recently the discovery of the Maillard deglycases (DJ-1/Park7 and its prokaryotic homologs) which degrade Maillard adducts formed between glyoxals and lysine or arginine amino groups, and prevent glycation damage in proteins. Here, we show that these deglycases prevent acrylamide formation, likely by degrading asparagine/glyoxal Maillard adducts. We also report the discovery of a deglycase from the hyperthermophilic archaea Pyrococcus furiosus, which prevents acrylamide formation at 100 °C. Thus, Maillard deglycases constitute a unique enzymatic method to prevent acrylamide formation in food without depleting the components (asparagine and sugars) responsible for its formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert Richarme
- Stress Molecules, Institut Jacques Monod, Université Paris 7, CNRS UMR 7592, 15 rue Hélène Brion, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Evelyne Marguet
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles, Département de Microbiologie, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Patrick Forterre
- Institut Pasteur, Unité de Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles, Département de Microbiologie, F-75015, Paris, France
| | - Sonoko Ishino
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Yoshizumi Ishino
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
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25
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Kovac R, Rajkovic V, Koledin I, Matavulj M. Acrylamide alters glycogen content and enzyme activities in the liver of juvenile rat. Acta Histochem 2015; 117:712-7. [PMID: 26475516 DOI: 10.1016/j.acthis.2015.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA) is spontaneously formed in carbohydrate-rich food during high-temperature processing. It is neurotoxic and potentially cancer causing chemical. Its harmful effects on the liver, especially in a young organism, are still to be elucidated. The study aimed to examine main liver histology, its glycogen content and enzyme activities in juvenile rats treated with 25 or 50mg/kg bw of AA for 3 weeks. Liver samples were fixed in formalin, routinely processed for paraffin embedding, sectioning and histochemical staining. Examination of haematoxylin and eosin (H&E)-stained sections showed an increase in the volume of hepatocytes, their nuclei and cytoplasm in both AA-treated groups compared to the control. In Periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-stained sections in low-dose group was noticed glycogen reduction, while in high-dose group was present its accumulation compared to the control, respectively. Serum analysis showed increased activity of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and decreased activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in both AA-treated groups, while the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) was increased in low-dose, but decreased in high-dose group compared to the control, respectively. Present results suggest a prominent hepatotoxic potential of AA which might alter the microstructural features and functional status in hepatocytes of immature liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Kovac
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina 21000, Serbia.
| | - Vesna Rajkovic
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina 21000, Serbia.
| | - Ivana Koledin
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina 21000, Serbia.
| | - Milica Matavulj
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Vojvodina 21000, Serbia.
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26
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Hu Q, Xu X, Fu Y, Li Y. Rapid methods for detecting acrylamide in thermally processed foods: A review. Food Control 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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ALKarim S, ElAssouli S, Ali S, Ayuob N, ElAssouli Z. Effects of low dose acrylamide on the rat reproductive organs structure, fertility and gene integrity. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apjr.2015.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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28
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Ghorbel I, Maktouf S, Kallel C, Ellouze Chaabouni S, Boudawara T, Zeghal N. Disruption of erythrocyte antioxidant defense system, hematological parameters, induction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and DNA damage in liver of co-exposed rats to aluminium and acrylamide. Chem Biol Interact 2015; 236:31-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2015.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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29
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Santos RR, Schoevers EJ, Roelen BAJ. Usefulness of bovine and porcine IVM/IVF models for reproductive toxicology. Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2014; 12:117. [PMID: 25427762 PMCID: PMC4258035 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7827-12-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Women presenting fertility problems are often helped by Assisted Reproductive Techniques (ART), such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs. However, in many cases the etiology of the in/subfertility remains unknown even after treatment. Although several aspects should be considered when assisting a woman with problems to conceive, a survey on the patients' exposure to contaminants would help to understand the cause of the fertility problem, as well as to follow the patient properly during IVF. Daily exposure to toxic compounds, mainly environmental and dietary ones, may result in reproductive impairment. For instance, because affects oocyte developmental competence. Many of these compounds, natural or synthetic, are endocrine disruptors or endocrine active substances that may impair reproduction. To understand the risks and the mechanism of action of such chemicals in human cells, the use of proper in vitro models is essential. The present review proposes the bovine and porcine models to evaluate toxic compounds on oocyte maturation, fertilization and embryo production in vitro. Moreover, we discuss here the species-specific differences when mice, bovine and porcine are used as models for human.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regiane R Santos
- />Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University,TD Utrecht,, P.O Box 80152, 3508 The Netherlands
- />Laboratory of Wild Animal Biology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará,, Rua Augusto Corrêa,Belém, CEP 66075-110 Pará Brazil
| | - Eric J Schoevers
- />Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University,, Yalelaan, 104, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bernard AJ Roelen
- />Department of Farm Animal Health, Utrecht University,, Yalelaan, 104, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
- />Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan, 104, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands
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30
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Omoruyi IM, Pohjanvirta R. Genotoxicity of processed food items and ready-to-eat snacks in Finland. Food Chem 2014; 162:206-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2013] [Revised: 03/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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31
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Cengiz MF, Gündüz CPB. An eco-friendly, quick and cost-effective method for the quantification of acrylamide in cereal-based baby foods. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2014; 94:2534-2540. [PMID: 24464732 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.6592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2013] [Revised: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The presence of acrylamide in cereal-based baby foods is a matter of great concern owing to its possible health effects. Derivatization followed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) is one of the most common methods to quantify acrylamide. However, it requires the use of toxic chemicals and is time-consuming. The aim of this study was to develop an eco-friendly, rapid and inexpensive method for the determination of acrylamide in cereal-based baby foods. RESULTS The method involves defatting with n-hexane, extraction into water, precipitation of proteins, bromination, extraction into ethyl acetate and injection into a GC/MS system. The effects of defatting, precipitation, treatment with triethylamine, addition of internal standard and column selection were reviewed. A flow chart for acrylamide analysis was prepared. To evaluate the applicability of the method, 62 different cereal-based baby foods were analyzed. The levels of acrylamide ranged from not detected (below the limit of detection) to 660 µg kg(-1). CONCLUSION The method is more eco-friendly and less expensive because it consumes very little solvent relative to other methods using bromine solutions and ethyl acetate. In addition, sample pre-treatment requires no solid phase extraction or concentration steps. The method is recommended for the determination of trace acrylamide in complex cereal-based baby food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Fatih Cengiz
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Akdeniz University, 07058, Antalya, Turkey
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Abstract
Acrylamide, a food contaminant, belongs to a large class of structurally similar toxic chemicals, 'type-2 alkenes', to which humans are widely exposed. Besides, occupational exposure to acrylamide has received wide attention through the last decades. It is classified as a neurotoxin and there are three important hypothesis considering acrylamide neurotoxicity: inhibition of kinesin-based fast axonal transport, alteration of neurotransmitter levels, and direct inhibition of neurotransmission. While many researchers believe that exposure of humans to relatively low levels of acrylamide in the diet will not result in clinical neuropathy, some neurotoxicologists are concerned about the potential for its cumulative neurotoxicity. It has been shown in several studies that the same neurotoxic effects can be observed at low and high doses of acrylamide, with the low doses simply requiring longer exposures. This review is focused on the neurotoxicity of acrylamide and its possible outcomes.
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Abstract
Food additives have been used throughout history to perform specific functions in foods. A comprehensive framework of legislation is in place within Europe to control the use of additives in the food supply and ensure they pose no risk to human health. Further to this, exposure assessments are regularly carried out to monitor population intakes and verify that intakes are not above acceptable levels (acceptable daily intakes). Young children may have a higher dietary exposure to chemicals than adults due to a combination of rapid growth rates and distinct food intake patterns. For this reason, exposure assessments are particularly important in this age group. The paper will review the use of additives and exposure assessment methods and examine factors that affect dietary exposure by young children. One of the most widely investigated unfavourable health effects associated with food additive intake in preschool-aged children are suggested adverse behavioural effects. Research that has examined this relationship has reported a variety of responses, with many noting an increase in hyperactivity as reported by parents but not when assessed using objective examiners. This review has examined the experimental approaches used in such studies and suggests that efforts are needed to standardise objective methods of measuring behaviour in preschool children. Further to this, a more holistic approach to examining food additive intakes by preschool children is advisable, where overall exposure is considered rather than focusing solely on behavioural effects and possibly examining intakes of food additives other than food colours.
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Klenovics KS, Boor P, Somoza V, Celec P, Fogliano V, Sebeková K. Advanced glycation end products in infant formulas do not contribute to insulin resistance associated with their consumption. PLoS One 2013; 8:e53056. [PMID: 23301020 PMCID: PMC3534663 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0053056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Infant formula-feeding is associated with reduced insulin sensitivity. In rodents and healthy humans, advanced glycation end product (AGE)-rich diets exert diabetogenic effects. In comparison with human breast-milk, infant formulas contain high amounts of AGEs. We assessed the role of AGEs in infant-formula-consumption-associated insulin resistance. METHODS Total plasma levels of N(ε)-(carboxymethyl)lysine (CML), AGEs-associated fluorescence (λ(ex) = 370 nm/λ(em) = 445 nm), soluble adhesion molecules, markers of micro- binflammation (hsCRP), oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, 8-isoprostanes) and leptinemia were determined, and correlated with insulin sensitivity in a cross-sectional study in 166 healthy term infants aged 3-to-14 months, subdivided according to feeding regimen (breast-milk- vs. infant formula-fed) and age (3-to-6-month-olds, 7-to-10-month-olds, and 11-to-14-month-old infants). Effects of the consumption of low- vs. high-CML-containing formulas were assessed. 36 infants aged 5.8 ± 0.3 months were followed-up 7.5 ± 0.3 months later. RESULTS Cross-sectional study: 3-to-6-month-olds and 7-to-10-month-old formula-fed infants presented higher total plasma CML levels and AGEs-associated fluorescence (p<0.01, both), while only the 3-to-6-month-olds displayed lower insulin sensitivity (p<0.01) than their breast-milk-fed counterparts. 3-to-6-month-olds fed low-CML-containing formulas presented lower total plasma CML levels (p<0.01), but similar insulin sensitivity compared to those on high-CML-containing formulas. Markers of oxidative stress and inflammation, levels of leptin and adhesion molecules did not differ significantly between the groups. Follow-up study: at initial investigation, the breast-milk-consuming infants displayed lower total plasma CML levels (p<0.01) and AGEs-associated fluorescence (p<0.05), but higher insulin sensitivity (p<0.05) than the formulas-consuming infants. At follow-up, the groups did not differ significantly in either determined parameter. CONCLUSIONS In healthy term infants, high dietary load with CML does not play a pathophysiological role in the induction of infant formula-associated insulin resistance. Whether a high load of AGEs in early childhood affects postnatal programming remains to be elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristína Simon Klenovics
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Pharmacotherapy, Medical Faculty, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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Koletzko B, Shamir R, Ashwell M. Quality and safety aspects of infant nutrition. ANNALS OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM 2012; 60:179-84. [PMID: 22699763 DOI: 10.1159/000338803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Quality and safety aspects of infant nutrition are of key importance for child health, but oftentimes they do not get much attention by health care professionals whose interest tends to focus on functional benefits of early nutrition. Unbalanced diets and harmful food components induce particularly high risks for untoward effects in infants because of their rapid growth, high nutrient needs, and their typical dependence on only one or few foods during the first months of life. The concepts, standards and practices that relate to infant food quality and safety were discussed at a scientific workshop organized by the Child Health Foundation and the Early Nutrition Academy jointly with the European Society for Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, and a summary is provided here. The participants reviewed past and current issues on quality and safety, the role of different stakeholders, and recommendations to avert future issues. It was concluded that a high level of quality and safety is currently achieved, but this is no reason for complacency. The food industry carries the primary responsibility for the safety and suitability of their products, including the quality of composition, raw materials and production processes. Introduction of new or modified products should be preceded by a thorough science based review of suitability and safety by an independent authority. Food safety events should be managed on an international basis. Global collaboration of food producers, food-safety authorities, paediatricians and scientists is needed to efficiently exchange information and to best protect public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berthold Koletzko
- Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, University of Munich Medical Centre, Lindwurmstrasse 4, Munich, Germany.
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Nixon BJ, Stanger SJ, Nixon B, Roman SD. Chronic Exposure to Acrylamide Induces DNA Damage in Male Germ Cells of Mice. Toxicol Sci 2012; 129:135-45. [DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfs178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Structural and ultrastructural evidence of neurotoxic effects of fried potato chips on rat postnatal development. Nutrition 2012; 27:1066-75. [PMID: 21907898 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 06/15/2011] [Accepted: 06/16/2011] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Acrylamide (ACR), a proved rodent carcinogen and neurotoxic agent, is present in significant quantities in commonly consumed foods such as fried potato chips (FPC) and French fries, raising a health concern worldwide. We investigated and compared the neurotoxic effects of ACR and FPC on postnatal development. METHODS Female rats were treated with ACR (30 mg/kg of body weight), fed a diet containing approximately 30% of FPC during pregnancy, or fed a standard diet (control) and their offspring were examined. RESULTS Female rats treated with ACR or fed a diet containing FPC during pregnancy gave birth to litters with delayed growth and decreased body and brain weights. Light microscopic studies of the cerebellar cortex of treated animals revealed drastic decreases in Purkinje cells and internal granular layers. Different patterns of cell death were detected in Purkinje cells and neurons in the brains of pups born to treated mothers. Ultrastructural analysis of Purkinje cells revealed changes in the endoplasmic reticulum, loss of the normal arrangement of polyribosomes, swollen mitochondria with abnormally differentiated cristae, and an abnormal Golgi apparatus. The gastrocnemius muscle in the ACR and FPC groups showed extensive degeneration of myofibrils as evidenced by poorly differentiated A, H, and Z bands. CONCLUSION The present study reveals for the first time that rat fetal exposure to ACR, as a pure compound or from a maternal diet of FPC, causes cerebellar cortical defects and myodegeneration of the gastrocnemius muscle during the postnatal development of pups. These results warrant a systematic study of the health effects of the consumption of FPC and French fries in the general population.
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Furmaga-Jablonska W, Jablonski M, Pluta R. Fried potato chips and French fries--are they safe to eat? Nutrition 2011; 27:1076-7. [PMID: 21907899 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2011.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2011] [Accepted: 07/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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