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Caqueo-Urízar A, Mena-Chamorro P, Henríquez D, Urzúa A, Irarrázaval M. The Effects of Social Determinants and Resilience on the Mental Health of Chilean Adolescents. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 10:1213. [PMID: 37508710 PMCID: PMC10378294 DOI: 10.3390/children10071213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this research was to evaluate the effects of social determinants (i.e., gender, educational vulnerability, and socioeconomic status) and resilience on the mental health of Chilean adolescents in pre-, during, and post-COVID-19 pandemic contexts. The study included a group of 684 students, ranging in age from 12 to 18 years, who were attending educational institutions in the city of Arica. The Child and Adolescent Assessment System (SENA) was used to measure mental health problems, the Brief Resilience Scale for Children and Youth (CYRM-12) was used to measure resilience, and the Vulnerability Index of Educational Institutions was used to measure educational vulnerability. The results suggest increases in depressive, anxious, and social anxiety symptomatologies over time (wave by year, 2018, 2020, and 2021). In addition, multiple linear regression models showed predictive effects of the COVID-19 pandemic, gender, vulnerability index, socioeconomic status, and resilient behaviors on mental health problems. The worsening of mental health indicators over time requires the greater coordination and integration of mental health experts in the most vulnerable educational centers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patricio Mena-Chamorro
- Centro de Justicia Educacional CJE, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Diego Henríquez
- Centro de Justicia Educacional CJE, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Alfonso Urzúa
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1270709, Chile
| | - Matías Irarrázaval
- Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Clinical Hospital, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Millennium Institute for Research in Depression and Personality, MIDAP, Santiago 8380453, Chile
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Lund C, Brooke-Sumner C, Baingana F, Baron EC, Breuer E, Chandra P, Haushofer J, Herrman H, Jordans M, Kieling C, Medina-Mora ME, Morgan E, Omigbodun O, Tol W, Patel V, Saxena S. Social determinants of mental disorders and the Sustainable Development Goals: a systematic review of reviews. Lancet Psychiatry 2018; 5:357-369. [PMID: 29580610 DOI: 10.1016/s2215-0366(18)30060-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 456] [Impact Index Per Article: 76.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Mental health has been included in the UN Sustainable Development Goals. However, uncertainty exists about the extent to which the major social determinants of mental disorders are addressed by these goals. The aim of this study was to develop a conceptual framework for the social determinants of mental disorders that is aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals, to use this framework to systematically review evidence regarding these social determinants, and to identify potential mechanisms and targets for interventions. We did a systematic review of reviews using a conceptual framework comprising demographic, economic, neighbourhood, environmental events, and social and culture domains. We included 289 articles in the final Review. This study sheds new light on how the Sustainable Development Goals are relevant for addressing the social determinants of mental disorders, and how these goals could be optimised to prevent mental disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crick Lund
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Carrie Brooke-Sumner
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa; Alcohol, Tobacco and Other Drug Research Unit, Medical Research Council of South Africa, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Florence Baingana
- World Health Organization Sierra Leone Country Office, Freetown, Sierra Leone
| | - Emily Claire Baron
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Erica Breuer
- Alan J Flisher Centre for Public Mental Health, Department of Psychiatry and Mental Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Prabha Chandra
- Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India
| | - Johannes Haushofer
- Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA; Busara Center for Behavioral Economics, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Helen Herrman
- Orygen, The National Centre of Excellence in Youth Mental Health, and Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mark Jordans
- Centre for Global Mental Health, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Research and Development Department, War Child, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Christian Kieling
- Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Child & Adolescent Psychiatry Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Olayinka Omigbodun
- Centre for Child and Adolescent Mental Health and Department of Psychiatry, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Wietse Tol
- Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA; Peter C Alderman Foundation, Bedford, NY, USA
| | - Vikram Patel
- Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, MA, USA; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, London, UK; Sangath, Porvorim, Goa, India; Centre for Chronic Conditions and Injuries, Public Health Foundation of India, Delhi, India
| | - Shekhar Saxena
- Department of Mental Health and Substance Abuse, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
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Joly LE, Connolly J. Dating Violence among High-Risk Young Women: A Systematic Review Using Quantitative and Qualitative Methods. Behav Sci (Basel) 2016; 6:E7. [PMID: 26840336 PMCID: PMC4810041 DOI: 10.3390/bs6010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2015] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Our systematic review identified 21 quantitative articles and eight qualitative articles addressing dating violence among high risk young women. The groups of high-risk young women in this review include street-involved, justice-involved, pregnant or parenting, involved with Child Protective Services, and youth diagnosed with a mental health issue. Our meta-analysis of the quantitative articles indicated that 34% (CI = 0.24-0.45) of high-risk young women report that they have been victims of physical dating violence and 45% (CI = 0.31-0.61) of these young women report perpetrating physical dating violence. Significant moderator variables included questionnaire and timeframe. Meta-synthesis of the qualitative studies revealed that high-risk young women report perpetrating dating violence to gain power and respect, whereas women report becoming victims of dating violence due to increased vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E Joly
- Department of Psychology, York University, 5022 TEL, 4700 Keele St. Toronto, ON M3J1P3, Canada.
| | - Jennifer Connolly
- Department of Psychology, York University, 5022 TEL, 4700 Keele St. Toronto, ON M3J1P3, Canada.
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Mölsä M, Punamäki RL, Saarni SI, Tiilikainen M, Kuittinen S, Honkasalo ML. Mental and somatic health and pre- and post-migration factors among older Somali refugees in Finland. Transcult Psychiatry 2014; 51:499-525. [PMID: 24648488 DOI: 10.1177/1363461514526630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Mental and somatic health was compared between older Somali refugees and their pair-matched Finnish natives, and the role of pre-migration trauma and post-migration stressors among the refugees. One hundred and twenty-eight Somalis between 50-80 years of age were selected from the Somali older adult population living in the Helsinki area (N = 307). Participants were matched with native Finns by gender, age, education, and civic status. The BDI-21 was used for depressive symptoms, the GHQ-12 for psychological distress, and the HRQoL was used for health-related quality of life. Standard instruments were used for sleeping difficulties, somatic symptoms and somatization, hypochondria, and self-rated health. Clinically significant differences in psychological distress, depressive symptoms, sleeping difficulties, self-rated health status, subjective quality of life, and functional capacity were found between the Somali and Finnish groups. In each case, the Somalis fared worse than the Finns. No significant differences in somatization were found between the two groups. Exposure to traumatic events prior to immigrating to Finland was associated with higher levels of mental distress, as well as poorer health status, health-related quality of life, and subjective quality of life among Somalis. Refugee-related traumatic experiences may constitute a long lasting mental health burden among older adults. Health care professionals in host countries must take into account these realities while planning for the care of refugee populations.
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