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Muqri H, Shrivastava A, Muhtadi R, Chuck RS, Mian UK. The Cost-Effectiveness of a Telemedicine Screening Program for Diabetic Retinopathy in New York City. Clin Ophthalmol 2022; 16:1505-1512. [PMID: 35607437 PMCID: PMC9123910 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s357766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A telemedicine screening initiative was implemented by the Montefiore Health System to improve access to eyecare for a multi-ethnic, at-risk population of diabetic patients in a largely underserved urban community in the Bronx, New York. This retrospective, cross-sectional analysis evaluates the societal benefit and financial sustainability of this program by analyzing both cost and revenue generation based on current standard Medicare reimbursement rates. Methods Non-mydriatic fundus cameras were placed in collaboration with a vendor in eight outpatient primary care sites throughout the Montefiore Health Care System, and data was collected between June 2014 and July 2016. Fundus photos were electronically transmitted to a central reading center to be systematically reviewed and coded by faculty ophthalmologists, and patients were subsequently scheduled for ophthalmic evaluation based upon a predetermined treatment algorithm. A retrospective chart review of 2251 patients was performed utilizing our electronic medical record system (Epic Systems, Verona WI). Revenue was projected utilizing standard Medicare rates for our region while societal benefit was calculated using quality adjusted life years (QALY). Results Of the 2251 patient charts reviewed, 791 patients (35.1%) were seen by Montefiore ophthalmologists within a year of the original screening date. Estimated revenue generated by these visits was $276,800, with the majority from the treatment of retinal disease ($208,535), and the remainder from other ophthalmic conditions detected in the fundus photos ($68,265). There was a societal benefit of 14.66 quality adjusted life years (QALYs) with an estimated value of $35,471/QALY. Conclusion This telemedicine initiative was successful in identifying many patients with diabetic retinopathy and other ophthalmic conditions who may otherwise not have been formally evaluated. Our analysis demonstrates the program to generate a downstream revenue of nearly $280K with a cost benefit below <50% of the threshold of $100,000/QALY, and therefore cost-effective in marginalized communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Muqri
- Department of Ophthalmology, The University of Texas Health Sciences Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Anurag Shrivastava
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Rakin Muhtadi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Roy S Chuck
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Umar K Mian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, NY, USA
- Correspondence: Umar K Mian, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Montefiore Medical Center, 3332 Rochambeau Avenue, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA, Tel +1 718-920-2020, Fax +1 718-920-4791, Email
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Deng Q, Zhang SP, Deng YX, Liu FF, Shi W, Xie HF, Xiao Y, Huang YX, Li J. Willingness-to-Pay and Benefit-Cost Analysis of IPL for Rosacea Treatment: A Cross-Sectional Study in China. Patient Prefer Adherence 2020; 14:1843-1852. [PMID: 33116428 PMCID: PMC7553264 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s271859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intense pulsed light (IPL), as a therapeutic approach for rosacea, had advantage in removing erythema and telangiectasia and was gradually accepted by rosacea patients, but there have been few studies on economic evaluation of this therapy. PURPOSE This study aimed to detect willingness-to-pay (WTP) of IPL treatment for rosacea and to conduct a benefit-cost analysis (BCA) among the Chinese population, so as to provide an economic reference for doctors to make treatment decisions. MATERIALS AND METHODS An observational, cross-sectional study assessed respondent's demographic characteristics and willingness-to-pay (WTP) of IPL and rosacea patients' clinical data and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI). WTP was obtained by contingent valuation (CV) method. In brief, contrast figures of three cases treated with IPL (Case1, Case2, and Case3 represented the increasing severity of rosacea) were showed and WTP was inquired. The costs were obtained according the market and compared with WTP (benefits) to get a benefit-cost ratio (BCR). Predictors of cost-effective WTP were identified using the multivariable logistic regression model. RESULTS A total of 303 rosacea patients and 202 controls were included in the study. The average cost of a single IPL treatment for rosacea was USD 208.04 in Changsha, China. The mean WTP for Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3 was USD 201.57, 214.64, and 221.74, respectively. WTP was statistically lower for Case 1 than that for Case 2 or Case 3 (P<0.05). The BCRs were 0.85, 1.03, and 1.06 for Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3, respectively. WTP is significantly associated with household monthly income, previous treatment cost, and DLQI after adjustments for demographic characteristics (P<0.05). CONCLUSION IPL is an acceptable treatment for rosacea with moderate to severe erythema. For patients with relatively high income or severely impaired quality of life, IPL is an economically feasible therapy and deserves to be recommended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-ping Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xuan Deng
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fang-fen Liu
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wei Shi
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-fu Xie
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying-Xue Huang
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Ying-Xue Huang; Ji Li Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 186 2755 6448; +86 139 7512 3658Fax +86 0731 8432 8888 Email ;
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan410008, People’s Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Injury, Aging and Regenerative Medicine of Hunan Province, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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