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Kostlivy T, Pesta M, Windrichova J, Skopek P, Klail P, Skalova A, Gal B, Kucera R, Plickova K, Simanek V, Slouka D. The impact of obesity, age, and gender on plasmatic levels of selected glycoprotein biomarkers and miRNA-499 in OSA patients. J Appl Biomed 2024; 22:81-88. [PMID: 38912863 DOI: 10.32725/jab.2024.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) diagnostic uses polysomnography or limited polygraphy and requires specialized personnel and technical equipment. Glycoprotein biomarkers and microRNAs are being explored as a possible new method for screening. We aimed to evaluate whether certain biomarkers and microRNA, previously identified as related to OSA, could be influenced by factors such as gender, age, and obesity level in patients with OSA. METHODS In this retrospective analytical study, patients with moderate to severe OSA (n = 130) were compared with the control group. Serum levels of selected biomarkers and microRNA were taken from both groups. The group of OSA patients was then stratified by gender, obesity level, and age to see the possible influence of those variables on biomarker levels. RESULTS Levels of all studied biomarkers - C-reactive protein (CRP), high-sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI), pentraxin-3 (PTX-3), and microRNA-499 were significantly higher in patients with OSA compared to the control group. In the OSA group only hsTnI showed a statistically significant relationship with gender. Levels of CRP and hsTnI showed a significant dependence on the level of obesity. Dependency on age was proven for hsTnI. CRP, PTX-3, and microRNA-499 did not have any statistically significant relationship with age. CONCLUSION We found that serum levels of pentraxin-3 and microRNA-499 in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnoea are independent of gender, obesity, and age. CRP was affected by the level of obesity and hsTnI was influenced by all 3 variables. We consider these findings important for further research of OSA biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomas Kostlivy
- Charles University, University Hospital in Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Pesta
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Biology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jindra Windrichova
- Charles University, University Hospital in Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Immunochemistry Diagnostics, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Skopek
- Charles University, University Hospital in Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Klail
- Charles University, University Hospital in Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Skalova
- Charles University, University Hospital in Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Pathology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Bretislav Gal
- Masaryk University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Kucera
- Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Krista Plickova
- Charles University, University Hospital in Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Pneumology and Phthisiology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Vaclav Simanek
- Charles University, University Hospital in Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - David Slouka
- Charles University, University Hospital in Pilsen, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pilsen, Czech Republic
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Honicky M, Cardoso SM, Kunradi Vieira FG, Hinnig PDF, Back IDC, Moreno YMF. Ultra-processed food intake is associated with children and adolescents with congenital heart disease clustered by high cardiovascular risk factors. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-24. [PMID: 35856269 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522002240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The excessive intake of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is associated with an increase in cardiovascular risk. However, the effect of UPF intake on cardiovascular health in children and adolescents with congenital heart disease (CHD) is unknown. The aim of the present study was to describe UPF intake and evaluate associations with isolated cardiovascular risk factors and children and adolescents with CHD clustered by cardiovascular risk factors. A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 232 children and adolescents with CHD. Dietary intake was assessed using three 24-hour recalls. UPFs were categorized using the NOVA classification. The cardiovascular risk factors evaluated were central adiposity, elevated high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and subclinical atherosclerosis. The clustering of cardiovascular risk factors (waist circumference, hs-CRP and carotid intima-media thickness) was performed, allocating the participants to two groups (high versus low cardiovascular risk). UPFs contributed 40.69% (SD 6.21) to total energy intake. The main UPF groups were ready-to-eat and take-away/fast foods (22.2% energy from UPFs). The multivariable logistic regression revealed that an absolute increase of 10% in UPF intake (OR=1.90; 95% CI: 1.01;3.58) was associated with central adiposity. An absolute increase of 10% in UPF intake (OR=3.77; 95% CI: 1.80;7.87) was also associated with children and adolescents with CHD clustered by high cardiovascular risk after adjusting for confounding factors. Our findings demonstrate that UPF intake should be considered a modifiable risk factor for obesity and its cardiovascular consequences in children and adolescents with CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Honicky
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Health Sciences Center, University Campus, Trindade, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Silvia Meyer Cardoso
- Polydoro Ernani São Tiago University Hospital, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Francilene Gracieli Kunradi Vieira
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Health Sciences Center, University Campus, Trindade, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Patricia de Fragas Hinnig
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Health Sciences Center, University Campus, Trindade, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Isabela de Carlos Back
- Department of Pediatrics, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Health Sciences Center, University Campus, Trindade, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Yara Maria Franco Moreno
- Postgraduate Program in Nutrition, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Health Sciences Center, University Campus, Trindade, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil
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Wienecke LM, Cohen S, Bauersachs J, Mebazaa A, Chousterman BG. Immunity and inflammation: the neglected key players in congenital heart disease? Heart Fail Rev 2021; 27:1957-1971. [PMID: 34855062 PMCID: PMC8636791 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-021-10187-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Although more than 90% of children born with congenital heart disease (CHD) survive into adulthood, patients face significantly higher and premature morbidity and mortality. Heart failure as well as non-cardiac comorbidities represent a striking and life-limiting problem with need for new treatment options. Systemic chronic inflammation and immune activation have been identified as crucial drivers of disease causes and progression in various cardiovascular disorders and are promising therapeutic targets. Accumulating evidence indicates an inflammatory state and immune alterations in children and adults with CHD. In this review, we highlight the implications of chronic inflammation, immunity, and immune senescence in CHD. In this context, we summarize the impact of infant open-heart surgery with subsequent thymectomy on the immune system later in life and discuss the potential role of comorbidities and underlying genetic alterations. How an altered immunity and chronic inflammation in CHD influence patient outcomes facing SARS-CoV-2 infection is unclear, but requires special attention, as CHD could represent a population particularly at risk during the COVID-19 pandemic. Concluding remarks address possible clinical implications of immune changes in CHD and consider future immunomodulatory therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura M Wienecke
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30621, Hannover, Germany.
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Lariboisière University Hospital, DMU Parabol, AP-HP, Paris, France.
- Inserm U942 MASCOT, Université de Paris, Paris, France.
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Respiratory Medicine, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | - Sarah Cohen
- Congenital Heart Diseases Department, M3C Hospital Marie Lannelongue, Université Paris-Saclay, Plessis-Robinson, Paris, France
| | - Johann Bauersachs
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30621, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexandre Mebazaa
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Lariboisière University Hospital, DMU Parabol, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Inserm U942 MASCOT, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Benjamin G Chousterman
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care, Lariboisière University Hospital, DMU Parabol, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Inserm U942 MASCOT, Université de Paris, Paris, France
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Yang FL, Gau BS, Yang HL, Lin MT, Moons P. Energy Balance-Related Behaviors and Body Mass Index in Asian School-Aged Children With Congenital Heart Disease. J Cardiovasc Nurs 2020; 35:291-299. [PMID: 32221146 DOI: 10.1097/jcn.0000000000000666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overweight/obesity is a substantial global public health concern, which can be caused by genetic factors and energy balance-related behaviors (EBRBs). If it occurs in children with congenital heart disease (CCHD), it can yield an extra burden on their health. Most studies on CCHD have taken place in Western societies, leaving Asian populations understudied, especially children. OBJECTIVE We sought (1) to determine body mass index distribution among school-aged CCHD in Taiwan, (2) to ascertain whether the body mass index of CCHD differs from that of the general population, (3) to describe EBRBs in CCHD, and (4) to identify factors associated with underweight and overweight/obesity among CCHD. METHODS In this cross-sectional study, 97 child-parent dyads (53.6% boys; mean age, 9.73 years; 25.8% moderate-to-severe heart conditions) were enrolled. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect demographics, medical factors, food frequency, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors. Anthropometric measurements were taken in the hospital. Independent predictors of EBRBs and health conditions were calculated through logistic regression analysis. RESULTS Among Taiwanese CCHD, 19.6% were underweight and 14.4% were overweight/obese. Children with moderate-to-severe heart defects were more often underweight. Body mass index did not differ between CCHD and children in the general population. More complex heart defects and asthma were associated with being underweight, whereas sedentary behaviors, cardiomegaly, and the New York Heart Association classification II to IV were associated with being overweight/obese. CONCLUSIONS Sedentary lifestyle is seemingly the only EBRB correlated with being overweight. Physical activity programs for children may help prevent and treat overweight or obesity in Asian CCHD, similar to Western countries.
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Management of undernutrition and failure to thrive in children with congenital heart disease in low- and middle-income countries. Cardiol Young 2017; 27:S22-S30. [PMID: 29198259 DOI: 10.1017/s104795111700258x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Poor growth with underweight for age, decreased length/height for age, and underweight-for-height are all relatively common in children with CHD. The underlying causes of this failure to thrive may be multifactorial, including innate growth potential, severity of cardiac disease, increased energy requirements, decreased nutritional intake, malabsorption, and poor utilisation of absorbed nutrition. These factors are particularly common and severe in low- and middle-income countries. Although nutrition should be carefully assessed in all patients, failure of growth is not a contraindication to surgical repair, and patients should receive surgical repair where indicated as soon as possible. Close attention should be paid to nutritional support - primarily enteral feeding, with particular use of breast milk in infancy - in the perioperative period and in the paediatric ICU. This nutritional support requires specific attention and allocation of resources, including appropriately skilled personnel. Thereafter, it is essential to monitor growth and development and to identify causes for failure to catch-up or grow appropriately.
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