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Asp I, Cawley-Bennett ATJ, Frascino JC, Golshan S, Bondi MW, Smith CN. News event memory in amnestic and non-amnestic MCI, heritable risk for dementia, and subjective memory complaints. Neuropsychologia 2024; 199:108887. [PMID: 38621578 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2024.108887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Robust and sensitive clinical measures are needed for more accurate and earlier detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD), for staging preclinical AD, and for gauging the efficacy of treatments. Mild impairment on episodic memory tests is thought to indicate a cognitive risk of developing AD and mild cognitive impairment (MCI), considered to be a transitional stage between normal aging and AD. Novel tests of semantic memory, such as memory for news events, are also impaired early on but have received little clinical attention even though they may provide a novel way to assess cognitive risk for AD. We examined memory for news events in older adults with normal cognition (NC, N = 34), amnestic MCI (aMCI, N = 27), or non-aMCI (N = 10) using the Retrograde Memory News Events Test (RM-NET). We asked if news event memory was sensitive to 1) aMCI and also non-aMCI, which has rarely been examined, 2) genetic risk for dementia (positive family history of any type of dementia, presence of an APOE-4 allele, or polygenic risk for AD), and 3) subjective memory functioning judgments about the past. We found that both MCI subgroups exhibited impaired RM-NET Lifespan accuracy scores together with temporally-limited retrograde amnesia. For the aMCI group amnesia extended back 45 years prior to testing, but not beyond that time frame. The extent of retrograde amnesia could not be reliably estimated in the small non-aMCI group. The effect sizes of having MCI on the RM-NET were medium for the non-aMCI group and large for the aMCI group, whereas the effect sizes of participant characteristics on RM-NET accuracy scores were small. For the combined MCI group (N = 37), news event memory was significantly related to positive family history of dementia but was not related to the more specific genetic markers of AD risk. For the NC group, news event memory was not related to any measure of genetic risk. Objective measures of past memory from the RM-NET were not related to subjective memory judgements about the present or the recent past in either group. By contrast, when individuals subjectively compared their present versus past memory abilities, there was a significant association between this judgment and objective measures of the past from the RM-NET (direct association for the NC group and inverse for the MCI group). The RM-NET holds significant promise for early identification of those with cognitive and genetic risk factors for AD and non-AD dementias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Asp
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA
| | | | - Jennifer C Frascino
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Shahrokh Golshan
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Mark W Bondi
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Christine N Smith
- San Diego Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, CA, USA; Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California Irvine, CA, USA.
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2
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Cawley-Bennett ATJ, Frascino JC, Asp IE, Golshan S, Bondi MW, Luo Z, Smith CN. The Retrograde Memory for News Events Test (RM-NET) and the relationship between news event memory and performance on standard neuropsychological tests. Learn Mem 2022; 29:367-378. [PMID: 36180130 PMCID: PMC9536756 DOI: 10.1101/lm.053571.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Novel tests of semantic memory (SM)-for example, memory for news events (NE; news facts) or famous personalities-are useful for estimating the severity of retrograde amnesia. Individuals with mild cognitive impairment exhibit relatively intact SM/language on traditional neuropsychological tests but exhibit consistent impairment on novel tests of SM, suggesting novel SM tests are dissimilar from traditional SM tests. To identify the relationship between NE memory and traditional cognitive measures, older adults (N = 51) completed a traditional neuropsychological battery and the Retrograde Memory News Events Test (RM-NET; a new test that robustly measures NE memory across the adult life span with high temporal resolution), and the relationship between performance on these tests was examined. Total RM-NET scores were more closely aligned with episodic memory scores than SM scores. The strength of the association between NE scores and episodic memory scores decreased as the age of NE memory increased. Tests of news events appear to reflect performance on traditional tests of episodic memory rather than SM, especially when recent news events are tested.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jennifer C Frascino
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161, USA
| | - Isabel E Asp
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161, USA
| | - Shahrokh Golshan
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161, USA
| | - Mark W Bondi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161, USA
| | - Zhishang Luo
- Halıcıoğlu Data Science Institute, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
| | - Christine N Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, California 92093, USA
- Veterans Affairs San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California 92161, USA
- Center for the Neurobiology of Learning and Memory, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, California 92697, USA
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3
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Using the attribute amnesia paradigm to test the automatic memory advantage of person names. Psychon Bull Rev 2021; 28:2019-2026. [PMID: 34254264 DOI: 10.3758/s13423-021-01975-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Person names, which hold within them extensive meaning, such as gender and cultural information, play an essential role in our social interaction. The intentional memory advantage of person names has been proved, but whether the automatic memory advantage of them exists remains unclear. In order to explore this question, we used a paradigm called attribute amnesia that allows us to test the automatic memory of person names in a working memory task. In Experiment 1, we adopted a classic attribute amnesia paradigm including 11 pre-surprise trials requiring participants to report the location of the target (person names or animal names) among three distractors and one surprise trial requiring them to unexpectedly report the identity of the target. The results showed that the identity report accuracy of person names in the surprise test was significantly better than that of animal names that served as a control group. Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1 but increased the number of pre-surprise trials that could reduce the report accuracy of surprise test according to previous studies. The results revealed that the accuracy of the surprise test of person names decreased significantly, and showed no significant difference from that of animal names. These results suggest that there exists an automatic memory advantage of person names in working memory; however, such an automatic memory advantage effect could be reduced after participants learn to stop automatically encoding the attended but no-need-to-report person names through experiencing sufficient trials.
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Joubert S, Gardy L, Didic M, Rouleau I, Barbeau EJ. A Meta-Analysis of Semantic Memory in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Neuropsychol Rev 2020; 31:221-232. [PMID: 32815030 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09453-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence over the past decade suggests that semantic deficits represent a consistent feature of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). A meta-analysis was performed to examine if semantic deficits are consistently found in patients with MCI. Studies meeting all inclusion criteria were selected for the current meta-analysis. An effect size and a weight were calculated for each study. A random effect model was performed to assess the overall difference in semantic performances between MCI patients and healthy subjects. 22 studies (476 healthy participants, 476 MCI patients, mean Mini Mental Status Examination of the MCI patients: 27.05 ± 0.58) were included in the meta-analysis. Results indicate that MCI patients systematically performed significantly worse than healthy matched controls in terms of overall semantic performance (mean effect size of 1.02; 95% CI [0.80; 1.24]). Semantic deficits are a key feature of MCI. Semantic tests should be incorporated in routine clinical assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Joubert
- Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4545 Queen-Mary Road, Montreal, QC, H3W1W5, Canada.
- Département de Psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
| | - Ludovic Gardy
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Toulouse, France
- CerCo, CNRS UMR 5549, Toulouse, France
| | - Mira Didic
- APHM, Timone, Service de Neurologie et de Neuropsychologie, Hôpital Timone Adultes, Marseille, France
- Aix Marseille Univ, INSERM, INS, Inst Neurosci Syst, Marseille, France
| | - Isabelle Rouleau
- Département de Psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Emmanuel J Barbeau
- Université de Toulouse, UPS, Centre de Recherche Cerveau et Cognition, Toulouse, France
- CerCo, CNRS UMR 5549, Toulouse, France
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Quinn K, Miyawaki CE, Croff R, Vogel MT, Belza B, Souza AM, Liu M, Edwards VJ, Friedman DB. Terms and Measures of Cognitive Health Associated With Dementia and Alzheimer's Disease: A Scoping Review. Res Aging 2020; 42:174-185. [PMID: 32195637 PMCID: PMC7785029 DOI: 10.1177/0164027520911284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
The Healthy Brain Initiative: National Public Health Road Map to Maintaining Cognitive Health (2007) called on the research community to disseminate its work on cognitive aging and cognitive health. The purpose of this scoping review was to (1) identify terminology that cognitive, social, and behavioral scientists use to describe cognitive aging and cognitive health, in association with dementia and Alzheimer's disease, among older adults; (2) demonstrate how such terms are defined; and (3) illustrate how these constructs are measured in research settings. Empirical studies published 2007-2018 were examined for terminology, definitions, disciplinary orientation, and measurement mechanisms. Analysis of the corpus and a detailed review of the terms "cognitive impairment" and "mild cognitive impairment" reveal that formal definitions are provided infrequently and measurement of constructs ranges widely. Overall, the variability in terminology, definitions, and measures reflects a need for greater specificity in research communication, such that cross-disciplinary collaboration can be facilitated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Quinn
- Department of Communication, University of Illinois at Chicago
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6
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Kalscheur EJ, Kandah CC, Woodard JL, Song W, Seidenberg M. Duration of Fame and Extent of Semantic Knowledge of Famous Names in Cognitively Intact Older Adults. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2019; 34:1382-1391. [DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acy109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2018] [Revised: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Objective
The greater resilience of older memories relative to recent memories has primarily been demonstrated in clinical groups, but this phenomenon has been less extensively examined in cognitively intact older adults. Additionally, most studies of person-identity have only examined recognition or familiarity of a famous face or name, and there has been less systematic study of access to more specific person-identity semantic knowledge. The current study examined the effect of both memory age and extent of semantic knowledge on famous name recognition and retrieval of person-identity biographical information in healthy older adults.
Method
We examined recognition accuracy and response time of famous names at three time epochs (recent fame, transitory fame and enduring fame) in cognitively intact older adults. We also compared access to semantic knowledge that differed on the degree of specificity of biographical information: categorical, associative, and attribute knowledge.
Results
As predicted, participants recognized transitory famous names more quickly and accurately than recent famous names. Additionally, participants recognized enduring famous names more accurately than transitory famous names and recent names. We also found that categorical semantic knowledge was accessed more quickly and accurately than semantic knowledge for associative and attribute information.
Conclusions
These findings provide data on the cognitive structure and retrieval of person-identity knowledge and memory age in older cognitively intact individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Kalscheur
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Cassandra C Kandah
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Woojin Song
- University of Illinois-Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Michael Seidenberg
- Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, North Chicago, IL, USA
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De Simone MS, De Tollis M, Fadda L, Perri R, Caltagirone C, Carlesimo GA. Lost or unavailable? Exploring mechanisms that affect retrograde memory in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease patients. J Neurol 2019; 267:113-124. [PMID: 31571005 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-019-09559-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Retrograde amnesia has been largely documented in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (a-MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, it is still not clear whether ineffectiveness in recalling past acquired information reflects loss of individual memory traces or failure to access specific stored traces. We aimed to disentangle the differential contribution of storage and retrieval processes to the pattern of retrograde amnesia in these patients. This issue was investigated in 18 a-MCI and 19 AD patients who were compared to 20 healthy controls. A novel questionnaire about public events was used; it consisted of two procedures (i.e., a free recall test and a true/false recognition test). Crucial differences emerged in the way the two groups of patients performed the experimental tasks. In fact, although both a-MCI and AD patients showed a similar pattern of impairment on the free recall test, a-MCI patients were able to normalise their performance on the recognition test, thus overcoming their deficits at the time of recall. Conversely, AD patients showed both reduced free recall ability and diminished sensitivity to benefit from recognition in recalling public events. Our findings suggest that the memory processes underlying RA were different for a-MCI and AD. Deficits in remote memory are prevalently explained by impaired retrieval abilities in a-MCI and by impaired storage in AD. This distinction between retrograde amnesia due to defective trace utilisation in a-MCI and trace storage in AD is consistent with the temporal unfolding of declining anterograde memory over the course of disease progression to AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Stefania De Simone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, via Ardeatina, 306, 00179, Rome, Italy.
| | - Massimo De Tollis
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, via Ardeatina, 306, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Fadda
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, via Ardeatina, 306, 00179, Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Perri
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, via Ardeatina, 306, 00179, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, via Ardeatina, 306, 00179, Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, via Ardeatina, 306, 00179, Rome, Italy.,Department of Systems Medicine, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy
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8
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Hays CC, Zlatar ZZ, Campbell L, Meloy MJ, Wierenga CE. Temporal gradient during famous face naming is associated with lower cerebral blood flow and gray matter volume in aging. Neuropsychologia 2017; 107:76-83. [PMID: 29133109 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence suggests that famous face naming may be a cognitive ability especially sensitive to the early pathological processes of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and that those at risk for AD may demonstrate a Ribot temporal gradient (RTG), characterized by better performance for naming remote famous faces than for naming recent famous faces. Reductions in cerebral blood flow (CBF) and gray matter volume (GMV) have been implicated in the neuropathological cascade of AD and show utility as biomarkers of AD risk. We examined whether a RTG during famous face naming was associated with lower CBF and/or GMV among a group of cognitively normal older adults. METHODS Voxel-wise independent samples t-tests were employed to contrast resting CBF values between those who exhibited a RTG (RTG+) during a famous face naming task and those who did not (RTG-) among a sample of 52 cognitively normal older adults (25 RTG-, 27 RTG+; mean age = 73). Groups were also compared on GMV using a voxel-wise general linear model. RESULTS Significant group differences in CBF and GMV were found, whereby the RTG+ group demonstrated reduced CBF and GMV within medial temporal lobe regions (hippocampus, parahippocampal gyrus), relative to the RTG- group. CONCLUSIONS This represents the first study to show that cognitively intact older adults who demonstrate a RTG during famous face naming exhibit vascular dysregulation and structural changes similar to that seen in AD risk. Findings suggest that famous face naming ability may be particularly sensitive to the very early brain changes associated with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea C Hays
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego 92161, United States; SDSU/UC San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology, 6363 Alvarado Court, Suite 103, San Diego, CA 92120, United States
| | - Zvinka Z Zlatar
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Laura Campbell
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego 92161, United States
| | - M J Meloy
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego 92161, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, United States
| | - Christina E Wierenga
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, 3350 La Jolla Village Dr., San Diego 92161, United States; Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, United States.
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9
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De Simone MS, Fadda L, Perri R, De Tollis M, Aloisi M, Caltagirone C, Carlesimo GA. Retrograde Amnesia for Episodic and Semantic Memories in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 59:241-250. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-170317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lucia Fadda
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- University “Tor Vergata” Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Perri
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Massimo De Tollis
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Marta Aloisi
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Caltagirone
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- University “Tor Vergata” Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Augusto Carlesimo
- Laboratory of Clinical and Behavioral Neurology, IRCCS Santa Lucia Foundation, Rome, Italy
- University “Tor Vergata” Rome, Italy
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Papp KV, Rentz DM, Mormino EC, Schultz AP, Amariglio RE, Quiroz Y, Johnson KA, Sperling RA. Cued memory decline in biomarker-defined preclinical Alzheimer disease. Neurology 2017; 88:1431-1438. [PMID: 28283594 PMCID: PMC5386436 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000003812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine whether a decline in cued recall is observable in the preclinical stage of Alzheimer disease (AD) in clinically normal older adults with elevated β-amyloid (Aβ) burden on PET imaging. METHODS Clinically normal older adults underwent baseline neuroimaging (PET to assess Aβ+/- status and MRI) and annual neuropsychological testing. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the relative risk of cued memory decline (drop of 1, 2, 3, or 4 points on the total score of the Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test) in relation to neuroimaging measures, functional status, age, sex, and education. RESULTS A total of 276 older adults (Clinical Dementia Rating = 0, mean Mini-Mental State Examination score = 29 ± 1.06) were followed up for a mean of 3.6 ± 1.2 years. Despite the infrequency of cued memory decline (only 19% of participants scored ≤46/48 in total recall by year 3), Aβ+ participants were 3.55 times (95% confidence interval = 1.77-7.12) more likely to exhibit decline in total recall (≤46/48) compared with their Aβ- peers. Furthermore, Aβ+ participants who scored ≤46/48 had smaller hippocampal volumes (t = 3.37, p = 0.001) and evidence of early functional decline, i.e., greater risk of progression to global Clinical Dementia Rating of 0.5 (χ2 = 14.30, p < 0.001), compared with their Aβ+ peers with intact total recall. CONCLUSIONS Cued memory decline in healthy older adults may be particularly indicative of Aβ-related decline during the preclinical stage of AD and useful for identifying Aβ+ clinically normal individuals at greatest risk of short-term clinical progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn V Papp
- From the Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (K.V.P., D.M.R., R.E.A., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (D.M.R., E.C.M., A.P.S., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Psychiatry (Y.Q.), and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (K.A.J.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.P.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown.
| | - Dorene M Rentz
- From the Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (K.V.P., D.M.R., R.E.A., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (D.M.R., E.C.M., A.P.S., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Psychiatry (Y.Q.), and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (K.A.J.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.P.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Elizabeth C Mormino
- From the Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (K.V.P., D.M.R., R.E.A., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (D.M.R., E.C.M., A.P.S., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Psychiatry (Y.Q.), and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (K.A.J.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.P.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Aaron P Schultz
- From the Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (K.V.P., D.M.R., R.E.A., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (D.M.R., E.C.M., A.P.S., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Psychiatry (Y.Q.), and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (K.A.J.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.P.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Rebecca E Amariglio
- From the Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (K.V.P., D.M.R., R.E.A., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (D.M.R., E.C.M., A.P.S., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Psychiatry (Y.Q.), and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (K.A.J.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.P.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Yakeel Quiroz
- From the Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (K.V.P., D.M.R., R.E.A., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (D.M.R., E.C.M., A.P.S., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Psychiatry (Y.Q.), and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (K.A.J.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.P.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Keith A Johnson
- From the Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (K.V.P., D.M.R., R.E.A., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (D.M.R., E.C.M., A.P.S., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Psychiatry (Y.Q.), and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (K.A.J.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.P.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
| | - Reisa A Sperling
- From the Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (K.V.P., D.M.R., R.E.A., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Department of Neurology (D.M.R., E.C.M., A.P.S., K.A.J., R.A.S.), Department of Psychiatry (Y.Q.), and Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (K.A.J.), Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; and Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging (A.P.S.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown
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11
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Chiang HS, Mudar RA, Pudhiyidath A, Spence JS, Womack KB, Cullum CM, Tanner JA, Eroh J, Kraut MA, Hart J. Altered Neural Activity during Semantic Object Memory Retrieval in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment as Measured by Event-Related Potentials. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 46:703-17. [PMID: 25835419 DOI: 10.3233/jad-142781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Deficits in semantic memory in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) have been previously reported, but the underlying neurobiological mechanisms remain to be clarified. We examined event-related potentials (ERPs) associated with semantic memory retrieval in 16 individuals with aMCI as compared to 17 normal controls using the Semantic Object Retrieval Task (EEG SORT). In this task, subjects judged whether pairs of words (object features) elicited retrieval of an object (retrieval trials) or not (non-retrieval trials). Behavioral findings revealed that aMCI subjects had lower accuracy scores and marginally longer reaction time compared to controls. We used a multivariate analytical technique (STAT-PCA) to investigate similarities and differences in ERPs between aMCI and control groups. STAT-PCA revealed a left fronto-temporal component starting at around 750 ms post-stimulus in both groups. However, unlike controls, aMCI subjects showed an increase in the frontal-parietal scalp potential that distinguished retrieval from non-retrieval trials between 950 and 1050 ms post-stimulus negatively correlated with the performance on the logical memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale-III. Thus, individuals with aMCI were not only impaired in their behavioral performance on SORT relative to controls, but also displayed alteration in the corresponding ERPs. The altered neural activity in aMCI compared to controls suggests a more sustained and effortful search during object memory retrieval, which may be a potential marker indicating disease processes at the pre-dementia stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsueh-Sheng Chiang
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.,School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Raksha A Mudar
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.,School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.,Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA
| | - Athula Pudhiyidath
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Spence
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kyle B Womack
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - C Munro Cullum
- Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Jeremy A Tanner
- The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Justin Eroh
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.,School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA
| | - Michael A Kraut
- Department of Radiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - John Hart
- Center for BrainHealth, The University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, USA.,School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA.,Department of Neurology and Neurotherapeutics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
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Langlois R, Joubert S, Benoit S, Dostie V, Rouleau I. Memory for Public Events in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease: The Importance of Rehearsal. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 50:1023-33. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-150722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roxane Langlois
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sven Joubert
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sophie Benoit
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche de l’Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Valérie Dostie
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Isabelle Rouleau
- Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Centre de recherche du Centre hospitalier de l’Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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13
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Lacombe J, Jolicoeur P, Grimault S, Pineault J, Joubert S. Neural changes associated with semantic processing in healthy aging despite intact behavioral performance. BRAIN AND LANGUAGE 2015; 149:118-127. [PMID: 26282079 DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Semantic memory recruits an extensive neural network including the left inferior prefrontal cortex (IPC) and the left temporoparietal region, which are involved in semantic control processes, as well as the anterior temporal lobe region (ATL) which is considered to be involved in processing semantic information at a central level. However, little is known about the underlying neuronal integrity of the semantic network in normal aging. Young and older healthy adults carried out a semantic judgment task while their cortical activity was recorded using magnetoencephalography (MEG). Despite equivalent behavioral performance, young adults activated the left IPC to a greater extent than older adults, while the latter group recruited the temporoparietal region bilaterally and the left ATL to a greater extent than younger adults. Results indicate that significant neuronal changes occur in normal aging, mainly in regions underlying semantic control processes, despite an apparent stability in performance at the behavioral level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacinthe Lacombe
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CERNEC, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, Département de psychologie, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, Québec H3W 1W5, Canada.
| | - Pierre Jolicoeur
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CERNEC, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, Département de psychologie, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, Québec H3W 1W5, Canada; International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Pavillon 1420 Mont-Royal, FAS - Département de psychologie, C.P. 6128, succ Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Stephan Grimault
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CERNEC, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, Département de psychologie, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Centre national de la recherche scientifique (CNRS), 3 rue Michel-Ange 75794, Paris cedex 16, France
| | - Jessica Pineault
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; CERNEC, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, Département de psychologie, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, Québec H3W 1W5, Canada
| | - Sven Joubert
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Pavillon Marie-Victorin, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada; Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal (CRIUGM), 4565 Chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal, Québec H3W 1W5, Canada.
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14
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Callahan BL, Joubert S, Tremblay MP, Macoir J, Belleville S, Rousseau F, Bouchard RW, Verret L, Hudon C. Semantic memory impairment for biological and man-made objects in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment or late-life depression. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2015; 28:108-16. [PMID: 25344480 DOI: 10.1177/0891988714554708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and late-life depression (LLD) both increase the risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD). Very little is known about the similarities and differences between these syndromes. The present study addresses this issue by examining the nature of semantic memory impairment (more precisely, object-based knowledge) in patients at risk of developing AD. METHODS Participants were 17 elderly patients with aMCI, 18 patients with aMCI plus depressive symptoms (aMCI/D+), 15 patients with LLD, and 29 healthy controls. All participants were aged 55 years or older and were administered a semantic battery designed to assess semantic knowledge for 16 biological and 16 man-made items. RESULTS Overall performance of aMCI/D+ participants was significantly worse than the 3 other groups, and performance for questions assessing knowledge for biological items was poorer than for questions relating to man-made items. CONCLUSION This study is the first to show that aMCI/D+ is associated with object-based semantic memory impairment. These results support the view that semantic deficits in aMCI are associated with concomitant depressive symptoms. However, depressive symptoms alone do not account exclusively for semantic impairment, since patients with LLD showed no semantic memory deficit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandy L Callahan
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sven Joubert
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marie-Pier Tremblay
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Joël Macoir
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Quebec, Canada Département de réadaptation, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - Rémi W Bouchard
- Clinique interdisciplinaire de la mémoire du CHU de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Louis Verret
- Clinique interdisciplinaire de la mémoire du CHU de Québec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Carol Hudon
- École de psychologie, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada Centre de recherche de l'Institut universitaire en santé mentale de Québec, Quebec, Canada
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15
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Smith CN. Retrograde memory for public events in mild cognitive impairment and its relationship to anterograde memory and neuroanatomy. Neuropsychology 2014; 28:959-72. [PMID: 25068664 PMCID: PMC4227913 DOI: 10.1037/neu0000117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study characterized the status of retrograde amnesia (RA) in amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI). METHOD We measured RA, anterograde amnesia (AA), brain measures, apolipoprotein-E status (ApoE), and conversion to probable Alzheimer's disease (AD) across 3 years in 15 individuals with MCI. We compared the severity of amnesia and brain atrophy in MCI to a group of patients with limited damage to the hippocampus (H) or more extensive damage to the medial temporal lobe (MTL). RESULTS The MCI group exhibited modest AA, together with severe RA, covering nearly 4 decades before their diagnosis. Compared with H-MTL patients, the temporal extent of RA was disproportionate to the severity of AA. The MCI group exhibited more modest AA and MTL atrophy than H-MTL patients, together with more severe RA and neocortical atrophy than H-MTL patients. The severity of AA corresponded to the integrity of MTL structures, whereas the severity of RA corresponded to the integrity of both MTL and neocortical structures. RA (but not AA, nor measures of cognitive status) was related to ApoE status and subsequent diagnosis of probable AD. RA was predicted by heritable risk for AD, in addition to the integrity of MTL and neocortical structures. CONCLUSIONS Compared with H-MTL patients, the MCI group exhibited RA that was disproportionate to their AA and that was more severe than would be expected if their atrophy were limited primarily to the MTL. Heritable risk for AD, as well as the integrity of brain regions within and beyond the MTL, are important for understanding RA in MCI.
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16
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Seidenberg M, Kay CD, Woodard JL, Nielson KA, Smith JC, Kandah C, Guidotti Breting LM, Novitski J, Lancaster M, Matthews M, Hantke N, Butts A, Rao SM. Recognition of famous names predicts cognitive decline in healthy elders. Neuropsychology 2013; 27:333-42. [PMID: 23688215 DOI: 10.1037/a0032226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ability to recognize familiar people is impaired in both Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's Dementia (AD). In addition, both groups often demonstrate a time-limited temporal gradient (TG) in which well known people from decades earlier are better recalled than those learned recently. In this study, we examined the TG in cognitively intact elders for remote famous names (1950-1965) compared to more recent famous names (1995-2005). We hypothesized that the TG pattern on a famous name recognition task (FNRT) would predict future cognitive decline, and also show a significant correlation with hippocampal volume. METHOD Seventy-eight healthy elders (ages 65-90) with age-appropriate cognitive functioning at baseline were administered a FNRT. Follow-up testing 18 months later produced two groups: Declining (≥ 1 SD reduction on at least one of three measures) and Stable (< 1 SD). RESULTS The Declining group (N = 27) recognized fewer recent famous names than the Stable group (N = 51), although recognition for remote names was comparable. Baseline MRI volumes for both the left and right hippocampi were significantly smaller in the Declining group than the Stable group. Smaller baseline hippocampal volume was also significantly correlated with poorer performance for recent, but not remote famous names. Logistic regression analyses indicated that baseline TG performance was a significant predictor of group status (Declining vs. Stable) independent of chronological age and APOE ε4 inheritance. CONCLUSIONS The TG for famous name recognition may serve as an early preclinical cognitive marker of cognitive decline in healthy older individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Seidenberg
- Department of Psychology, Rosalind Franklin University, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
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17
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Brainerd CJ, Reyna VF, Petersen RC, Smith GE, Kenney AE, Gross CJ, Taub ES, Plassman BL, Fisher GG. The apolipoprotein E genotype predicts longitudinal transitions to mild cognitive impairment but not to Alzheimer's dementia: findings from a nationally representative study. Neuropsychology 2013; 27:86-94. [PMID: 23356599 DOI: 10.1037/a0030855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The ε4 allele of the apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype is the most widely accepted genetic risk factor for Alzheimer's dementia (AD), but findings on whether it is a risk factor for the AD prodrome, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), have been inconsistent. In a prospective longitudinal design, we investigated (a) whether transitions to MCI and other forms of neurocognitive impairment without dementia (CIND) are more frequent among normal ε4 carriers than among noncarriers and (b) whether subsequent transitions to AD from MCI and from other forms of CIND are more frequent among ε4 carriers than among noncarriers. METHOD The frequency of the ε4 allele was studied in older adults (mean age > 70), who had participated in two or more waves of neuropsychological testing and diagnosis in the Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS) of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging's Health and Retirement Study, conducted by the University of Michigan. The association between ε4 and longitudinal transitions to specific types of CIND and dementia can be determined with this data set. RESULTS Epsilon 4 increased the rate of progression from normal functioning to MCI (58% of new diagnoses were carriers) but not to other forms of CIND. The rate of progression to AD from MCI or from other forms of CIND was not increased by ε4. CONCLUSIONS The results support the hypothesis that ε4 is a risk factor for transitions from normal functioning to MCI but not for subsequent transitions to AD. In the ADAMS sample, the reason ε4 is elevated in AD individuals is because it is already elevated in MCI individuals, who are the primary source of new AD diagnoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Brainerd
- Department of Human Development, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Brambati SM, Peters F, Belleville S, Joubert S. Lack of semantic priming effects in famous person recognition in Mild Cognitive Impairment. Cortex 2012; 48:414-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2011.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2010] [Revised: 02/17/2011] [Accepted: 03/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Woodard JL, Sugarman MA. Functional magnetic resonance imaging in aging and dementia: detection of age-related cognitive changes and prediction of cognitive decline. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2012; 10:113-136. [PMID: 21922397 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2011_159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) allows for dynamic observation of the neural substrates of cognitive processing, which makes it a valuable tool for studying brain changes that may occur with both normal and pathological aging. fMRI studies have revealed that older adults frequently exhibit a greater magnitude and extent activation of the blood-oxygen-level-dependent signal compared to younger adults. This additional activation may reflect compensatory recruitment associated with functional and structural deterioration of neural resources. Increased activation has also been associated with several risk factors for Alzheimer's disease (AD), including the apolipoprotein ε4 allele. Longitudinal studies have also demonstrated that fMRI may have predictive utility in determining which individuals are at the greatest risk of developing cognitive decline. This chapter will review the results of a number of task-activated fMRI studies of older adults, focusing on both healthy aging and neuropathology associated with AD. We also discuss models that account for cognitive aging processes, including the hemispheric asymmetry reduction in older adults (HAROLD) and scaffolding theory of aging and cognition (STAC) models. Finally, we discuss methodological issues commonly associated with fMRI research in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Woodard
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, 5057 Woodward Ave., 7th Floor, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA,
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Sugarman MA, Woodard JL, Nielson KA, Seidenberg M, Smith JC, Durgerian S, Rao SM. Functional magnetic resonance imaging of semantic memory as a presymptomatic biomarker of Alzheimer's disease risk. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2011; 1822:442-56. [PMID: 21996618 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 08/20/2011] [Accepted: 09/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Extensive research efforts have been directed toward strategies for predicting risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) prior to the appearance of observable symptoms. Existing approaches for early detection of AD vary in terms of their efficacy, invasiveness, and ease of implementation. Several non-invasive magnetic resonance imaging strategies have been developed for predicting decline in cognitively healthy older adults. This review will survey a number of studies, beginning with the development of a famous name discrimination task used to identify neural regions that participate in semantic memory retrieval and to test predictions of several key theories of the role of the hippocampus in memory. This task has revealed medial temporal and neocortical contributions to recent and remote memory retrieval, and it has been used to demonstrate compensatory neural recruitment in older adults, apolipoprotein E ε4 carriers, and amnestic mild cognitive impairment patients. Recently, we have also found that the famous name discrimination task provides predictive value for forecasting episodic memory decline among asymptomatic older adults. Other studies investigating the predictive value of semantic memory tasks will also be presented. We suggest several advantages associated with the use of semantic processing tasks, particularly those based on person identification, in comparison to episodic memory tasks to study AD risk. Future directions for research and potential clinical uses of semantic memory paradigms are also discussed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Imaging Brain Aging and Neurodegenerative disease.
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Hudon C, Villeneuve S, Belleville S. The effect of semantic orientation at encoding on free-recall performance in amnestic mild cognitive impairment and probable Alzheimer's disease. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2011; 33:631-8. [DOI: 10.1080/13803395.2010.547663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carol Hudon
- a École de psychologie , Université Laval , Québec, QC, Canada
- b Centre de Recherche Université Laval Robert-Giffard , Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvia Villeneuve
- c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montréal, QC, Canada
- d Département de psychologie , Université de Montréal , Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Sylvie Belleville
- c Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal , Montréal, QC, Canada
- d Département de psychologie , Université de Montréal , Montréal, QC, Canada
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Neuropsychological features of mild cognitive impairment and preclinical Alzheimer's disease. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2011; 10:187-212. [PMID: 22042707 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2011_171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Detectable cognitive decline occurs in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) well before the clinical diagnosis can be made with any certainty. Studies examining this preclinical period identify decline in episodic memory as the earliest manifestation of the disease (i.e., a condition of amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment). The episodic memory impairment is characterized by deficits in a number of processes including delayed recall, the recollective aspect of recognition memory, associative memory necessary for "binding" representations of two or more stimuli, pattern separation necessary to distinguish between two similar memory representations, prospective memory required to remember a delayed intention to act at a certain time in the future, and autobiographical memory for specific episodes that occurred in one's past. A growing body of evidence suggests that cognitive changes in preclinical AD may be more global in nature. Deterioration of semantic knowledge is evident on demanding naming and category fluency tasks, and "executive" dysfunction is apparent on tasks that require concurrent mental manipulation of information (e.g., working memory) or cue-directed behavior (e.g., set-shifting). Asymmetric cognitive test performance may also be apparent prior to significant decline in cognitive ability. The pattern and progression of these neuropsychological changes fit well with the proposed distribution and spread of AD pathology and serve as important cognitive markers of early disease.
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Juncos-Rabadán O, Pereiro AX, Facal D, Rodríguez N. Una revisión de la investigación sobre lenguaje en el deterioro cognitivo leve. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0214-4603(10)70119-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Joubert S, Brambati SM, Ansado J, Barbeau EJ, Felician O, Didic M, Lacombe J, Goldstein R, Chayer C, Kergoat MJ. The cognitive and neural expression of semantic memory impairment in mild cognitive impairment and early Alzheimer's disease. Neuropsychologia 2010; 48:978-88. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2009.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2009] [Revised: 11/10/2009] [Accepted: 11/24/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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25
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Woodard JL, Seidenberg M, Nielson KA, Antuono P, Guidotti L, Durgerian S, Zhang Q, Lancaster M, Hantke N, Butts A, Rao SM. Semantic memory activation in amnestic mild cognitive impairment. Brain 2009; 132:2068-78. [PMID: 19515831 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awp157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitively intact older individuals at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease frequently show increased functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) brain activation presumably associated with compensatory recruitment, whereas mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients tend not to show increased activation presumably due to reduced neural reserve. Previous studies, however, have typically used episodic memory activation tasks, placing MCI participants at a performance disadvantage relative to healthy elders. In this event-related fMRI study, we employed a low effort, high accuracy semantic memory task to determine if increased activation of memory circuits is preserved in amnestic MCI when task performance is controlled. Fifty-seven participants, aged 65-85 years, comprised three groups (n = 19 each): amnestic MCI patients; cognitively intact older participants at risk for developing Alzheimer's disease based on having at least one ApoE epsilon4 allele and a positive family history of Alzheimer's disease (At Risk); and cognitively intact participants without Alzheimer's disease risk factors (Control). fMRI was conducted on a 3T MR scanner while participants performed a famous name discrimination task. Participants also underwent neuropsychological testing outside the scanner; whole brain and hippocampal atrophy were assessed from anatomical MRI scans. The three groups did not differ on demographic variables or on fame discrimination performance (>87% correct for all groups). As expected, the amnestic MCI participants demonstrated reduced episodic memory performance. Spatial extent of activation (Fame--Unfamiliar subtraction) differentiated the three groups (Control = 0 ml, At Risk = 9.7 ml, MCI = 34.7 ml). The MCI and At Risk groups showed significantly greater per cent signal change than Control participants in 8 of 14 functionally defined regions, including the medial temporal lobe, temporoparietal junction, and posterior cingulate/precuneus. MCI participants also showed greater activation than Controls in two frontal regions. At Risk, but not MCI, participants showed increased activity in the left hippocampal complex; MCI participants, however, evidenced increased activity in this region when hippocampal atrophy was controlled. When performance is equated, MCI patients demonstrate functional compensation in brain regions subserving semantic memory systems that generally equals or exceeds that observed in cognitively intact individuals at risk for Alzheimer's disease. This hyperactivation profile in MCI is even observed in the left hippocampal complex, but only when the extent of hippocampal atrophy is taken into consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Woodard
- Department of Psychology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA
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