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Smith L, López Sánchez GF, Tully MA, Rahmati M, Oh H, Kostev K, Butler LT, Barnett Y, Keyes H, Shin JI, Koyanagi A. Temporal trends of carbonated soft-drink consumption among adolescents aged 12-15 years from eighteen countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas. Br J Nutr 2024; 131:1633-1640. [PMID: 38225928 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114524000059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Carbonated soft-drink consumption is detrimental to multiple facets of adolescent health. However, little is known about temporal trends in carbonated soft-drink consumption among adolescents, particularly in non-Western countries. Therefore, we aimed to examine this trend in representative samples of school-going adolescents from eighteen countries in Africa, Asia and the Americas. Cross-sectional data from the Global School-based Student Health Survey 2009-2017 were analysed. Carbonated soft-drink consumption referred to drinking carbonated soft-drinks at least once per day in the past 30 d. The prevalence of carbonated soft-drink consumption was calculated for each survey, and crude linear trends were assessed by linear regression models. Data on 74 055 students aged 12-15 years were analysed (mean age 13·9 (sd 1·0) years; 49·2 % boys). The overall mean prevalence of carbonated soft-drink consumption was 42·1 %. Of the eighteen countries included in the study, significant decreasing, increasing and stable trends of carbonated soft-drink consumption were observed in seven, two and nine countries, respectively. The most drastic decrease was observed in Kuwait between 2011 (74·4 %) and 2015 (51·7 %). Even in countries with significant decreasing trends, the decrease was rather modest, while some countries with stable trends had very high prevalence across time (e.g. Suriname 80·5 % in 2009 and 79·4 % in 2016). The prevalence of carbonated soft-drink consumption was high in all countries included in the present analysis, despite decreasing trends being observed in some. Public health initiatives to reduce the consumption of carbonated soft-drink consumption among adolescents are urgently required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee Smith
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Guillermo Felipe López Sánchez
- Division of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mark A Tully
- School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry, Northern Republic of Ireland, UK
| | - Masoud Rahmati
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Hans Oh
- Suzanne Dworak Peck School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Laurie T Butler
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yvonne Barnett
- Centre for Health Performance and Wellbeing, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Helen Keyes
- School of Psychology and Sport Science, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
| | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Severance Underwood Meta-Research Center, Institute of Convergence Science, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Research and Development Unit, Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, Dr. Antoni Pujadas, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Perry C, Dimitropoulos Y, Skinner J, Bourke C, Miranda K, Cain E, Beaufils D, Christie V, Rambaldini B, Gwynne K. Availability of drinking water in rural and remote communities in New South Wales, Australia. Aust J Prim Health 2022; 28:125-130. [PMID: 35101161 DOI: 10.1071/py21119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Many rural communities in New South Wales (NSW), Australia, have poor-quality water supplies. The lack of a palatable alternative increases the risk of the high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, a significant contributor to adverse health outcomes. This disproportionately effects Aboriginal people living in these towns, who are also profoundly affected by the social determinants of health. Therefore, examining health inequalities linked to water access is important. This study investigated the availability of drinking water fountains in rural and remote communities in NSW. Telephone interviewer-assisted surveys were conducted with 32 representatives from local government councils or Local Aboriginal Land Councils in NSW from communities with a population of <5000 and an Aboriginal population of at least 3%. The results were analysed descriptively. Towns and communities with a higher population of Aboriginal people and lower median weekly income were less likely to have access to free refrigerated and filtered water within the community or at local schools compared with towns and communities with a lower Aboriginal population and higher median weekly income. The availability of free, clean and refrigerated water in rural and remote communities is critical to reducing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages and the promotion of water as the preferred drink.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Perry
- Gallatin School of Individualized Study, New York University, New York, USA
| | - Yvonne Dimitropoulos
- Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; and Corresponding author
| | - John Skinner
- Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Chris Bourke
- Austrailan Healthcare and Hospitals Association, ACT 2600, Australia
| | - Kate Miranda
- Australian Dental Association, NSW 2065, Australia
| | - Elyse Cain
- New South Wales Council of Social Service, NSW 2011, Australia
| | | | - Vita Christie
- Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Boe Rambaldini
- Poche Centre for Indigenous Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Kylie Gwynne
- Garfield Barwick Chambers, NSW 2000, Australia; and Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia
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Schneider S, Schilling L, Osenbrügge N. Determinants of soft drink consumption among children and adolescents in developed countries - a systematic review. Cent Eur J Public Health 2022; 29:290-300. [PMID: 35026068 DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Soft drinks are a major component of daily caloric and sugar intake. This is especially true for children and adolescents. The WHO as well as many other institutions currently recommend to increase research on the determinants of soft drink consumption. We submit a current systematic review on this topic. METHODS In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement, we included all quantitative observational studies that comprise samples from developed countries in the age range 0-18 years and are listed in PubMed, Sociological Abstracts and the Social Sciences Citation Index. Publication period was not limited. The second and the last author screened all 10,392 hits independently with both reviewers being blinded. Interrater reliability (agreement and Cohen's kappa) was 97%/0.73 for the selection of titles, 91%/0.83 for abstracts and 91%/0.80 for full texts. RESULTS Results of 43 included studies, published between 2001 and 2017, show that children and adolescents consuming soft drinks tend to be older, male and of lower social status. Important contextual factors promoting consumption include constant availability at home, at schools or elsewhere as well as restrictions by parents and rules concerning drinks during meals or generally at home. The association between media consumption and soft drink consumption is particularly striking. Other factors in the food environment (choice of food and alternative drinks at home, having meals together, motivation, knowledge about nutrition and healthy eating) are of minor importance. CONCLUSIONS When introducing interventions parents should play a major role because they serve as physical and social gatekeepers for this early risk factor of juvenile obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Schneider
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Laura Schilling
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Nina Osenbrügge
- Medical Faculty Mannheim, Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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Davison K, Franckle R, Lo B, Ash T, Yu X, Haneuse S, Redline S, Taveras E. Infant sugar sweetened beverage and 100% juice consumption: Racial/ethnic differences and links with fathers' consumption in a longitudinal cohort. Prev Med Rep 2021; 22:101324. [PMID: 33665064 PMCID: PMC7900833 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) and 100% juice before age 12 months is discouraged. We examine racial/ethnic differences in SSB and 100% juice consumption when infants were 6- and 12-months old and examine links between fathers’ and infants’ beverage consumption. Participants were from a longitudinal cohort of infants and their parents (recruited 2016–2018), followed from birth until the child was 24 months. In 2020, we analyzed data collected when infants were 6- (N = 352 infants and 168 fathers) and 12-months (N = 340 infants and 152 fathers) old. Based on maternal report, 13% of infants consumed 100% juice at 6 months and 31% at 12 months. Two percent of infants consumed SSB at 6 months and 7% at 12 months. In models adjusting for income and education, Black/African American (Black/AA) and Hispanic infants were 5–6 times as likely at 6 months and 3 times as likely at 12 months to consume 100% juice compared with non-Hispanic white and Asian infants. At 12 months, Black/AA and Hispanic infants were 6–7 times as likely to consume SSB than non-Hispanic white and Asian infants after adjusting for covariates. In unadjusted models, infants were more likely to consume 100% juice and SSB at 12 months when their fathers were high consumers (>12times/month) of the beverage; effects were no longer significant after adjusting for income, race/ethnicity, education and maternal beverage consumption. Results highlight the need to implement culturally responsive interventions promoting healthy beverage consumption in infants prior to birth and should concurrently target fathers, in addition to mothers.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.K. Davison
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
- Corresponding author at: Boston College School of Social Work, 115 McGuinn Hall, 140 Commonwealth Ave, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA.
| | - R.L. Franckle
- Department of Biology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - B.K. Lo
- School of Social Work, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA
| | - T. Ash
- Department of Behavioral and Social Sciences, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA
- Center for Health Promotion and Health Equity, Brown University School of Public Health, Providence, RI 02912, USA
| | - X. Yu
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S.J. Haneuse
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - S. Redline
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Department of Medicine, Brigham & Women's Hospital & Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - E.M. Taveras
- Division of General Academic Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess trends in consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) from 2013 to 2016 among all children in California aged 2-5 and 6-11 years and by racial-ethnic group. DESIGN Serial cross-sectional study using the California Health Interview Survey (CHIS). SETTING CHIS is a telephone survey of households in California designed to assess population-level estimates of key health behaviours. Previous research using CHIS documented a decrease in SSB consumption among children in California from 2003 to 2009 coinciding with state-level policy efforts targeting child SSB consumption. PARTICIPANTS Parents of children in California aged 2-11 years (n 4901 in 2013-2014; n 3606 in 2015-2016) were surveyed about the child's consumption of soda and sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks on the day prior. RESULTS Among 2-5-year-olds, consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any SSB remained stable. Sweetened fruit drink/sports drink consumption was higher than soda consumption in this age group. Latino 2-5- year-olds were more likely to consume any SSB in both 2013-2014 and 2015-2016 compared with Whites. Among 6-11-year-olds, consumption of soda, sweetened fruit drinks/sports drinks and any SSB also remained stable over time. Latino and African-American 6-11-year-olds were more likely to consume an SSB in 2013-2014 compared with White children. CONCLUSIONS SSB consumption among children in California was unchanged from 2013 to 2016 and racial-ethnic disparities were evident. Increased policy efforts are needed to further reduce SSB consumption, particularly among children of Latino and African-American backgrounds.
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Schneider S, Mata J, Kadel P. Relations between sweetened beverage consumption and individual, interpersonal, and environmental factors: a 6-year longitudinal study in German children and adolescents. Int J Public Health 2020; 65:559-570. [PMID: 32561963 PMCID: PMC7360664 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-020-01397-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to characterize the consumption of sweetened beverages (SB) among young people in Germany in terms of individual and interpersonal-environmental correlates. METHODS A representative sample of children and adolescents from Germany was assessed twice, 6 years apart (total longitudinal sample n = 11,691 children and adolescents aged between 0 and 17 years old; weighted). The relations between individual and interpersonal-environmental factors at baseline with SB intake 6 years later were analysed using bivariate and multivariate methods. RESULTS The majority of children and adolescents in Germany consume sweetened beverages weekly, 23% daily. SB consumption is particularly high in boys and often accompanied by other unhealthy lifestyle behaviours including a high level of tobacco and media consumption with a concurrent deficiency in fruit and vegetable consumption. Interpersonal factors associated with higher sweetened beverage consumption include low socio-economic status, tobacco consumption of parents, and older maternal age. CONCLUSIONS Research on factors that correlate with sweetened beverage consumption is crucial to design effective interventions. Our findings underline the importance of complex, multi-level interventions to target sweetened beverage intake and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Schneider
- Division Head Child and Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Institute for Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Straße 7-11, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jutta Mata
- Health Psychology, University of Mannheim, 68161 Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philipp Kadel
- Division Head Child and Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Mannheim Institute for Public Health, Social and Preventive Medicine, Heidelberg University, Ludolf-Krehl-Straße 7-11, 68167 Mannheim, Germany
- Health Psychology, University of Mannheim, 68161 Mannheim, Germany
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7
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Foo LH, Lee YH, Suhaida CY, Hills AP. Correlates of sugar-sweetened beverage consumption of Malaysian preschoolers aged 3 to 6 years. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:552. [PMID: 32334561 PMCID: PMC7183579 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-08461-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background There is little information about the diet, lifestyle and parental characteristics associated with habitual sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption in Asian children. The aim of the present study was to assess cross-sectional associations between habitual SSB consumption and preschoolers’ diet, physical activity, sedentary behaviour as well as parental and child characteristics in Malaysian preschoolers aged 3 to 6 y. Methods A total of 590 preschoolers, comprising 317 boys and 273 girls were included. Pre-pilot parental questionnaires were used to assess diet, physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour practices and anthropometry was assessed in preschoolers and their parents. Results Multiple logistic regression analyses showed that preschoolers with more frequent weekly intake of snacks [OR 2.7; 95% CI, 1.6–4.4; p < 0.001] and monthly fast food consumption [OR 3.5; 95% CI, 1.9–6.3; p < 0.001], were associated with higher SSB intake (≥5 days in a week), after adjustments of potential confounders. Preschoolers with higher daily fruit and vegetable intake had lower SSB intake [OR 0.4; 95% CI, 0.2–0.8; p = 0.011]. A positive association of higher weekly vigorous PA [OR 2.0; 95% CI, 1.1–3.7; p = 0.030] and daily screen-based practices [OR 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2–3.6; p < 0.001] on habitual SSBs intake was also substantiated. Conclusion Multiple diet, physical activity and sedentary behaviour factors were significantly associated with SSB intake among Malaysian preschoolers. Continued effort is required to encourage healthier beverage choices, as well as healthy diet and active lifestyle practices among children during the critical early years of growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leng Huat Foo
- Programme of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
| | - Ying Huoy Lee
- Programme of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Che Yahya Suhaida
- Programme of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Andrew P Hills
- School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Newnham, Launceston, TAS, 7250, Australia
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Demmer E, Cifelli CJ, Houchins JA, Fulgoni VL. Ethnic disparities of beverage consumption in infants and children 0-5 years of age; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011 to 2014. Nutr J 2018; 17:78. [PMID: 30134909 PMCID: PMC6106834 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-018-0388-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary patterns, including beverage consumption, that are developed during a child's first few years of life have been shown to impact dietary choices made later in life. Authoritative sources provide beverage recommendations for infants and children; however, it is unclear if these guidelines are followed and what, if any, the differences are among races/ethnicities. The objective of this study was to examine beverage consumption to recommendations among children 0-5 months, 6-11 months, 12-23 months, 2-3 years, and 4-5 years. Additionally, examine how these beverage patterns associate with nutrient intake and to determine if differences exist in beverage consumption among race/ethnic groups (Non-Hispanic White, Non-Hispanic Black, Hispanic, and Asian) in children aged 0-23 months, 2-3 years, and 4-5 years. METHODS Data from the 2011-2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) for children 0-5 years were analyzed (n = 2445). Beverages were classified as follows; milk, 100% juice, diet beverages, sugar sweetened beverages (SSB), and water. RESULTS Our results show that regardless of race/ethnicity, dietary recommendation were not always followed. Prior to 6 months, 10% of infants consumed any amount of 100% juice; from 6 to 11 months, 17% of young children were drinking any amount of milk. SSB consumption rapidly increased with age, whereas intake of milk and 100% juice declined after 2 to 3 years of age. Non-Hispanic Black young children consumed the most 100% juice from 2 to 3 years and up, exceeding recommended amounts, and throughout all age groups they consumed the least milk and most SSBs. The decreased intake of nutrient-rich beverages with age was associated with lower intakes of under-consumed nutrients of public health concern. By 4-5 years, 32.7% and 93.8% of children were consuming CONCLUSIONS Dietary recommendations for both the introduction of beverages and amounts consumed were not consistently followed for American infants and children 0-5 years. Race/ethnic disparities exist in beverage consumption with Non-Hispanic Black children consuming the least amount of milk and most SSBs. Improving beverage consumption patterns could help improve overall diet quality which directly contributes to overall childhood health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elieke Demmer
- National Dairy Council, 10255 West Higgins Road, Suite 900, Rosemont, IL 60018-5616 USA
| | | | - Jenny A. Houchins
- National Dairy Council, 10255 West Higgins Road, Suite 900, Rosemont, IL 60018-5616 USA
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Wijtzes AI, van de Gaar VM, van Grieken A, de Kroon MLA, Mackenbach JP, van Lenthe FJ, Jansen W, Raat H. Effectiveness of interventions to improve lifestyle behaviors among socially disadvantaged children in Europe. Eur J Public Health 2018; 27:240-247. [PMID: 28375430 DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckw136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors and childhood overweight are more common among children from families with a low socioeconomic position and ethnic minority children (referred to as social disadvantaged children). : This systematic review evaluates the effectiveness of interventions aimed to improve lifestyle behaviours and/or prevent overweight among socially disadvantaged children in Europe. : Six major databases were searched for studies reporting intervention effects on adiposity measures, sedentary behaviours, physical activity behaviours or dietary behaviours. Studies were included when the study sample consisted of at least 50% socially disadvantaged children or when results were presented for subgroups of socially disadvantaged children separately. Methodological quality assessment was based on Cochrane criteria. In total, 11 studies reporting on eight interventions (one among infants 0-2 years, one among preschoolers 2-6 years, six among school-aged children 6-12 years) were identified. Of these eight interventions, five interventions primarily aimed to improve at least one adiposity measure and three primarily aimed to improve a specific lifestyle behaviour. In general, modest positive effects were found but interventions were limited by a short follow-up duration. Despite an urgent need for effective interventions to improve lifestyle behaviours and prevent overweight among socially disadvantaged children, research on the effectiveness of interventions in Europe is still scarce. Those interventions that have been evaluated show modest effects on lifestyle behaviours and adiposity measures, but long-term follow-up is needed to establish whether these effects are sustained over a longer period of time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne I Wijtzes
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vivian M van de Gaar
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Amy van Grieken
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marlou L A de Kroon
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan P Mackenbach
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank J van Lenthe
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Wilma Jansen
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Social Development, City of Rotterdam, The Netherlands, Rotterdam
| | - Hein Raat
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Bleich SN, Vercammen KA, Koma JW, Li Z. Trends in Beverage Consumption Among Children and Adults, 2003-2014. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2018; 26:432-441. [PMID: 29134763 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 238] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to provide the most recent national estimates for beverage consumption among children and adults in the United States. METHODS Dietary data were collected from 18,600 children aged 2 to 19 years and from 27,652 adults aged ≥ 20 years in the 2003 to 2014 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Total beverage and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption was measured by 24-hour dietary recall. RESULTS From 2003 to 2014, per capita consumption of all beverages declined significantly among children (473.8-312.6 calories; P < 0.001) and adults (425.0-341.1 calories; P < 0.001). In the 2013-2014 survey, 60.7% of children and 50.0% of adults drank SSBs on a given day, which is significantly lower than 2003-2004, when 79.7% of children and 61.5% of adults reported drinking SSBs. From 2003 to 2014, per capita consumption of SSBs declined from 224.6 calories to 132.5 calories (P < 0.001) for children and from 190.4 calories to 137.6 calories (P < 0.001) for adults. The absolute levels for the percentage of SSB drinkers and per capita consumption of SSBs were highest among black, Mexican American, and non-Mexican Hispanic children, adolescents, and young adults for all years of the study. CONCLUSIONS Overall, beverage and SSB consumption declined for children and adults from 2003 to 2014. The levels of consumption are highest among black, Mexican American, and non-Mexican Hispanic participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara N Bleich
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kelsey A Vercammen
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan Wyatt Koma
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Zhonghe Li
- Department of Health Policy and Management, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard College, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Beck AL, Fernandez A, Rojina J, Cabana M. Randomized Controlled Trial of a Clinic-Based Intervention to Promote Healthy Beverage Consumption Among Latino Children. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2017; 56:838-844. [PMID: 28553726 PMCID: PMC5553320 DOI: 10.1177/0009922817709796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate an educational module for Latino parents about the health effects of sweet beverages. Latino parents were randomized to receive the beverage module or a control module. Child beverage consumption was assessed at baseline, 2 weeks, 2 months, and 3 months via a beverage recall survey. At 2-week follow-up, children of intervention participants had a mean reduction in 7-day total sugar-sweetened beverage and 100% fruit juice consumption of 16 ounces while controls had a mean increase of 4 ounces ( P = .01). At 2-month and 3-month follow-up, there was a reduction in mean total sugar-sweetened beverage and 100% fruit juice consumption among both intervention and control children. An educational module on beverages for Latino parents reduced child consumption of sweet beverages at 2-week follow-up. However, study participation appears to have also reduced controls' beverage consumption suggesting that frequent intensive surveys of beverage intake may be an intervention unto itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Beck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, 3333 California St. Suite 245, San Francisco, CA 94118
| | | | - Jenssy Rojina
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco
| | - Michael Cabana
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco
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12
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Yang L, Bovet P, Liu Y, Zhao M, Ma C, Liang Y, Xi B. Consumption of Carbonated Soft Drinks Among Young Adolescents Aged 12 to 15 Years in 53 Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Am J Public Health 2017; 107:1095-1100. [PMID: 28520485 DOI: 10.2105/ajph.2017.303762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare consumption of carbonated soft drinks among young adolescents in 53 low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). METHODS We used 2009 to 2013 Global School-based Student Health Survey data to assess 137 449 young adolescents aged 12 to 15 years with available data (via a standardized questionnaire) on frequency of carbonated soft drink consumption. RESULTS Overall, young adolescents reported having consumed carbonated soft drinks 1.39 times per day (95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.26, 1.51), and 54.3% of adolescents reported consuming a carbonated soft drink at least once per day. Frequency (times per day) varied greatly across countries, ranging from 0.52 (95% CI = 0.43, 0.60) in Kiribati to 2.39 (95% CI = 2.25, 2.53) in Suriname. CONCLUSIONS Our data confirm that consumption of carbonated soft drinks is frequent among young adolescents in LMICs. Our findings highlight the need for interventions in these countries to reduce adolescents' carbonated soft drink consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Yang
- Lili Yang, Chuanwei Ma, and Bo Xi are with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China. Pascal Bovet is with the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Yunxia Liu is with the Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Min Zhao is with the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Yajun Liang is with the Department of Public Health, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Pascal Bovet
- Lili Yang, Chuanwei Ma, and Bo Xi are with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China. Pascal Bovet is with the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Yunxia Liu is with the Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Min Zhao is with the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Yajun Liang is with the Department of Public Health, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yunxia Liu
- Lili Yang, Chuanwei Ma, and Bo Xi are with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China. Pascal Bovet is with the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Yunxia Liu is with the Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Min Zhao is with the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Yajun Liang is with the Department of Public Health, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Min Zhao
- Lili Yang, Chuanwei Ma, and Bo Xi are with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China. Pascal Bovet is with the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Yunxia Liu is with the Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Min Zhao is with the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Yajun Liang is with the Department of Public Health, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Chuanwei Ma
- Lili Yang, Chuanwei Ma, and Bo Xi are with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China. Pascal Bovet is with the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Yunxia Liu is with the Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Min Zhao is with the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Yajun Liang is with the Department of Public Health, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yajun Liang
- Lili Yang, Chuanwei Ma, and Bo Xi are with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China. Pascal Bovet is with the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Yunxia Liu is with the Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Min Zhao is with the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Yajun Liang is with the Department of Public Health, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bo Xi
- Lili Yang, Chuanwei Ma, and Bo Xi are with the Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, China. Pascal Bovet is with the Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland. Yunxia Liu is with the Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Min Zhao is with the Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Shandong University. Yajun Liang is with the Department of Public Health, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
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Does breast-feeding reduce offspring junk food consumption during childhood? Examinations by socio-economic status and race/ethnicity. Public Health Nutr 2017; 20:1441-1451. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016003517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether breast-feeding duration and socio-economic status (SES) interact to predict junk food consumption among offspring and whether the interaction differs across racial/ethnic groups.DesignSurvey research using a longitudinal panel design. Hierarchical linear regression was used to analyse the data.SettingIn-home interviews with the child’s parents over a 5-year period across the USA.SubjectsApproximately 10 000 American children from the Early Childhood Longitudinal Study: Birth Cohort (ECLS-B).ResultsThe findings revealed that longer breast-feeding durations correspond to lower levels of junk food consumption, but that this relationship emerges consistently only among low-SES blacks.ConclusionsEfforts to promote breast-feeding among low-SES black women may have the added benefit of reducing their children’s junk food intake, and may thereby promote their general health and well-being. Future research should seek to explore the mechanisms by which breast-feeding might benefit the dietary habits of low-SES black children.
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Soft drinks consumption and child behaviour problems: the role of food insecurity and sleep patterns. Public Health Nutr 2016; 20:266-273. [DOI: 10.1017/s1368980016002093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
AbstractObjectiveTo examine whether the association between soft drinks consumption and child behaviour problems differs by food security status and sleep patterns in young children.DesignCross-sectional observational data from the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (FFCWS), which collected information on food insecurity, soft drinks consumption, sleep patterns and child behaviour problems. Bivariate and multivariate ordinary least-squares regression analyses predicting child behaviour problems and accounting for socio-economic factors and household characteristics were performed.SettingTwenty urban cities in the USA with a population of 200 000 or more.SubjectsParental interviews of 2829 children who were about 5 years old.ResultsSoft drinks consumption was associated with aggressive behaviours, withdrawn and attention problems for children aged 5 years. However, the association differed by food security status. The association was mostly statistically insignificant among food-secure children after accounting for socio-economic and demographic characteristics. On the other hand, soft drinks consumption was associated with behaviour problems for food-insecure children even after accounting for these factors. However, after accounting for child sleep patterns, the association between soft drinks consumption and child behaviour problems became statistically insignificant for food-insecure children.ConclusionsThe negative association between soft drinks consumption and child behaviour problems could be explained by sleep problems for food-insecure children. Since about 21 % of households with children are food insecure, targeted efforts to reduce food insecurity would help improve dietary (reduce soft drinks consumption) and health behaviours (improve sleep) and reduce child behaviour problems.
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15
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Understanding how Latino parents choose beverages to serve to infants and toddlers. Matern Child Health J 2015; 18:1308-15. [PMID: 24077961 DOI: 10.1007/s10995-013-1364-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
To determine Latino parents' beliefs on the health effects of beverages on infants and toddlers, their sources of information on beverages and perceived barriers to following guidelines for healthy beverage consumption by children. We conducted 29 interviews with parents of Latino children ages 6-36 months. Parents were recruited in three community health centers in Northern California. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using standard qualitative methods. The following dominant themes emerged. Parents believed that water and milk were healthy beverages for children and that sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) were unhealthy. Views on 100% fruit juice were mixed. Parents distinguished between homemade beverages such as "agua fresca" which they considered healthy, despite containing added sugar, and beverages from stores which were viewed as unhealthy. Participants' main source of information on beverages was the federal nutrition program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Parents were confused, however, as to why WIC provides juice yet counseled parents to avoid giving their children juice. Parents preferred to receive information on beverages from experts. Differing practices among family members regarding which beverages they provide to children was the most important barrier to following beverage guidelines. Our study suggests that Latino parents are receptive to counseling on beverages from expert sources. Such counseling should address both store-bought and homemade beverages. The WIC program is a key source of information on beverages for Latino parents; thus counseling offered by WIC should be evidence-based and avoid mixed messages.
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Mason M, Welch SB, Morales M. Hispanic Caregiver Perceptions of Water Intake Recommendations for Young Children and Their Current Beverage Feeding Practices. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.1177/1936724414526718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Hispanic children in the United States are at high risk of obesity. Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption (SSB) is a modifiable contributor to obesity. Hispanic children are more likely to drink SSB than non-Hispanic white children. The main goal of the study was to explore caregiver beverage feeding behaviors and evaluate reactions to water intake recommendations for children birth to five years old in a diverse U.S. Hispanic urban community. Findings will be used to develop community- and population-specific intervention messaging for obesity prevention for this population. The study used a qualitative focus group design using constant comparison coding methods. Participants included 35 Hispanic caregivers of children aged 0–5 years living in a low-income, predominantly Hispanic community in Chicago, Illinois. We found young children in this community drink a variety of SSBs and caregivers choose beverages based on cost, availability, health, and behavioral concerns. Participants report altering beverages for a variety of reasons, family member disagreement regarding beverage feeding practices, and older family members’ influence on children’s preferences. Puerto Rican and Mexican American participants differed in the range of beverages provided, concerns regarding water intake, and beverage alteration and feeding practices. Caregivers universally believe the recommended water intake amount of four six-ounce servings daily for children is too high. Findings will inform message development to reduce SSB intake and increase water consumption among young children in this community. Messaging should be ethnic group specific, target all family members, build on current beverage alteration practices, and include nutrition information specific to young children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryann Mason
- Consortium to Lower Obesity in Chicago Children, Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Helath Research Program, Children’s Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Chicago, IL, USA
- Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sarah B. Welch
- Consortium to Lower Obesity in Chicago Children, Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Helath Research Program, Children’s Hospital of Chicago Research Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Miguel Morales
- Formerly With the Puerto Rican Cultural Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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17
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Beck AL, Patel A, Madsen K. Trends in sugar-sweetened beverage and 100% fruit juice consumption among California children. Acad Pediatr 2013; 13:364-70. [PMID: 23688439 PMCID: PMC3706491 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2013.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2012] [Revised: 02/22/2013] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine trends in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and 100% fruit juice by California children ages 2 to 11 years from 2003 to 2009. METHODS This analysis used serial cross-sectional data from the California Health Interview Survey, a telephone survey of households in California. Parents were asked how many servings of SSBs and 100% fruit juice the child consumed the day before. A test of trend was used to evaluate changes in consumption over time. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the independent effects of race/ethnicity, parental education, and household income on beverage consumption. RESULTS The percentage of children consuming an SSB on the prior day declined from 40% in 2003 to 16% in 2009 (P < .001) among children ages 2 to 5 and from 54% in 2003 to 33% in 2009 (P < .001) among children ages 6 to 11. The percentage of children consuming any SSB decreased for all racial/ethnic groups, although there were disparities with higher consumption among Latinos. Among children ages 2 to 5, consumption of 2 or more servings of 100% fruit juice per day decreased among white children and increased among Latinos. For children ages 6 to 11, consumption of 2 or more servings of 100% fruit juice per day remained stable for white children and increased among Latinos and African Americans. CONCLUSIONS The decrease in SSB consumption by California children from 2003 to 2009 is a promising trend. The increase in 100% fruit juice consumption among minority children during this period may be an unintended consequence of efforts to reduce SSB consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Beck
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco
| | - Anisha Patel
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Kristine Madsen
- Division of Community Health and Human Development, University of California Berkeley, School of Public Health, 219 University Hall, #7360, Berkeley, CA 94720-7360, Phone 510-666-3726
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