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Abdulghani MF, Al-Fayyadh S. The effect of a nurse-led low carbohydrate regimen on anthropometric and laboratory parameters of patients with metabolic syndrome: a quasi-experimental study. Front Public Health 2024; 12:1415916. [PMID: 39086815 PMCID: PMC11288854 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1415916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Metabolic syndrome is a global health concern. It is a condition that includes a cluster of various risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This quasi-experimental study investigates the effect of a nurse-led low-carbohydrate regimen on anthropometric and laboratory parameters in metabolic syndrome patients. Methods The study used a quasi-experimental design conducted at the University of Mosul; 128 participants meeting the metabolic syndrome criteria were recruited and divided into the intervention and control groups. The intervention group received personalized counseling and support in implementing a low-carb regime, while the control group received standard advice. The study participants were assessed by anthropometry, and laboratory parameters were evaluated pre- and post-intervention. Statistical data analysis was conducted using IBM-SPSS 27, including chi-square, Fisher's exact test, t-tests, and the Mcnemar test, which were performed to compare the changes within and between groups. Results The mean age of the participants in the intervention and control groups was 50.72 ± 6.43 years and 49.14 ± 6.89 years, respectively. Compared to the control group, the intervention group experienced a significant positive reduction in anthropometric measures and laboratory parameters, including weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, lipid profiles, and HbA1c. Conclusion A tangible effect of nurse-led interventions based on low-carbohydrate regimens in managing metabolic syndrome was empirically authenticated. Positive changes were observed in the intervention group regarding anthropometric measures and laboratory parameters. However, future research may require a larger sample size and a longer follow-up to confirm these effects and evaluate long-term metabolic impacts.
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Lee YA, Song SW, Kim SH, Kim HN. Associations between Dietary Patterns and Metabolic Syndrome: Findings of the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Nutrients 2023; 15:2676. [PMID: 37375580 DOI: 10.3390/nu15122676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a multifactorial cluster of metabolic disorders related to cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Diet and dietary patterns are significant factors in the development and management of MetS. The associations between dietary patterns (i.e., high-carbohydrate [HCHO], high-fat [HF], and high-protein [HP] diets) and the prevalence of MetS in Koreans were examined using data from the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, collected between 2018 and 2020. The study included data from 9069 participants (3777 men and 5292 women). The percentage of participants with MetS was significantly higher in the HCHO diet group than in the normal diet group in women. Women with HCHO diet were positively associated with elevated blood pressure and triglyceride levels based on a comparison with the normal diet group (p = 0.032 and p = 0.005, respectively). Men with an HF diet were negatively associated with elevated fasting glucose levels based on a comparison with the normal diet group (p = 0.014). Our findings showed that HCHO intake was strongly associated with a higher risk of MetS, especially elevated blood pressure and triglyceride levels in women, and an HF diet was negatively associated with elevated fasting glucose levels in men. Further prospective studies of the impact of dietary carbohydrate, fat, and protein proportions on metabolic health are needed. The optimal types and proportions of these dietary components, as well as the underlying mechanisms through which suboptimal proportions can lead to MetS, should also be investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Ah Lee
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Wook Song
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hong Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Na Kim
- Department of Family Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea
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Nouri M, Mahmoodi M, Shateri Z, Ghadiri M, Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi M, Vali M, Gargari BP. How do carbohydrate quality indices influence on bone mass density in postmenopausal women? A case-control study. BMC Womens Health 2023; 23:42. [PMID: 36721166 PMCID: PMC9887922 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-023-02188-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Carbohydrates are the primary energy source in Asian countries, including Iran. An emerging method can be used to measure the quality of carbohydrates, including the carbohydrate quality index (CQI), which includes a variety of components. Low-carbohydrate diet score (LCDS) has been proposed as a new method of scoring micronutrient intake that could provide a reasonable explanation for the link between diet and the risk of chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CQI, LCDS, glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), insulin load (IL), and insulin index (II) with bone mass density (BMD) in postmenopausal women. METHOD In this case-control study, 131 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis/osteopenia and 131 healthy postmenopausal women aged 45-65 participated. The dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) method measured the BMD of the lumbar vertebrae and femoral neck. A validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. Logistic regression were used to evaluate the relation between GI, GL, II, IL, CQI, and LCDS with BMD. RESULTS Diets with higher GI increased the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis, but LCDS and CQI decreased the risk of osteopenia and osteoporosis. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that a higher intake of fruits and vegetables and receiving various dietary vitamins, minerals, and antioxidant compounds may be a useful way to prevent osteopenia in Iranian women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehran Nouri
- Health Policy Research Center, Institute of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Mahmoodi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Nutrition Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Zainab Shateri
- Student Research Committee, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Marzieh Ghadiri
- Student Research Committee, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Milad Rajabzadeh-Dehkordi
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mohebat Vali
- Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahram Pourghassem Gargari
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Diet Therapy, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Wang H, Lv Y, Ti G, Ren G. Association of low-carbohydrate-diet score and cognitive performance in older adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:983. [PMID: 36539697 PMCID: PMC9764565 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-03607-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To investigate the association between low-carbohydrate-diet (LCD) score and cognitive performance based on a nationally representative sample aged ≥ 60 years from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 2,537 eligible older adults from the NHANES database 2011-2014. The Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease (CERAD) word learning subtest, Animal Fluency Test (AFT), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST) were used to assess the cognitive performance. All participants were categorized into the low and normal cognitive performance groups. The univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were utilized to evaluate the association of LCD score with cognitive performance. Stratified analyses based on age, body mass index (BMI), gender, marital status, education level was conducted. RESULTS After adjusting age, education level, marital status, household income, history of diabetes, history of hypertension, history of congestive heart failure, history of coronary heart disease, history of heart disease, history of stroke, magnesium and the using of psychotropic medication, LCD score was correlated with the CERAD word learning subtest. The associations between LCD score and AFT, DSST were not statistically significant. Moreover, LCD score was also related to cognitive performance among individuals who were aged < 65 years or BMI 25-30 kg/m2 or was married/separated, or had an education level of high school or above. CONCLUSION The adherences to LCD might be associated with the risk of cognitive performance among older adults. Further large-scale cohort studies are needed to test the causal relationship of LCD and cognitive performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqin Wang
- grid.470966.aDepartment of Neurology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.99 Longcheng Street, 030032 Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lv
- grid.470966.aDepartment of Nephrology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032 Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Ti
- grid.470966.aDepartment of Medical Record, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 030032 Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gang Ren
- grid.470966.aDepartment of Neurology, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No.99 Longcheng Street, 030032 Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
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Pour Abbasi MS, Shojaei N, Farhangi MA. Low-carbohydrate diet score is associated with improved blood pressure and cardio-metabolic risk factors among obese adults. Physiol Rep 2022; 10:e15375. [PMID: 35822420 PMCID: PMC9277405 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 06/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity is associated with numerous co-morbidities and diet, is one of the modifiable risk factors for prevention against these obesity-related metabolic disorders. In the current study, we aimed to evaluate the association between adherence to low carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and serum lipids, glycemic markers, blood pressure, and anthropometric parameters among obese individuals. The current cross-sectional study is a combination of two projects with total participants of 359 obese individuals (body mass index [BMI] ≥ 30 kg/m2 ) aged 20-50 years were included. Dietary intake was assessed by a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) of 132 food items. Low carbohydrate diet score was estimated by deciles of dietary intakes. Metabolic syndrome (MetS) was defined based on the guidelines of the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATP III). Enzymatic methods were used to assess serum lipids, glucose, and insulin concentrations. Blood pressure was measured by sphygmomanometer and body composition with bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Higher adherence to LCD score was associated with significantly lower DBP and triglyceride (TG) concentrations and increased high density lipoprotein (HDL)-C levels after adjustment for the confounders (p < 0.05). A non-significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and total cholesterol (TC) values were also observed. Also, high adherence to LCD score was associated with reduced prevalence of metabolic syndrome (p < 0.05). Higher BMI, fat mass, and lower fat-free mass were also accompanied with higher adherence to LCD score. According to our study, low carbohydrate diet score was associated with more favorable cardio-metabolic risk factors independent of some confounders like age, BMI, sex, and physical activity level. Further studies in different communities will help for generalization of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Niloofar Shojaei
- School of MedicineZanjan University of Medical SciencesZanjanIran
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Wang J, Lv S, Zhou Y, Sun Y, Zhu H, Yan G, Wu Y, Ma Y. The association between low carbohydrate diet scores and cardiometabolic risk factors in Chinese adults. Br J Nutr 2022; 129:1-39. [PMID: 35443899 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114522001076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies on the association between the low carbohydrate diet (LCD) score and cardiovascular disease risk factors have limited and inconsistent results. Data are from the baseline survey of Community-based Cohort Study on Nervous System Diseases. A total of 4609 adults aged ≥18 years were included in the study. Dietary data were assessed using a validated semi-quantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to estimate relationships of three LCD scores with low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG), high blood pressure, and hyperuricemia after adjusting for potential confounders. A higher LCD score was negatively associated with low HDL-C [OR (95%CI): 0.65 (0.50, 0.83), P=0.0001] and IFG [OR (95%CI): 0.65 (0.51, 0.81), P=0.001] after the final adjustment. However, there are gender differences in this result. Males in the highest quintile of the animal-based or plant-based LCD scores showed a decreased risk of low HDL-C, and females in the highest quintile of the animal-based or plant-based LCD scores showed a decreased risk of IFG than those in the lowest quintile of the LCD scores. These results suggest that gender differences should be considered when using LCD to treat dyslipidemia and reduce fasting blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Wang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuaishuai Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yutian Zhou
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Huichen Zhu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Guochao Yan
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, The First Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuxia Ma
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Shijiazhuang, China
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