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Khalil H, Pollock D, McInerney P, Evans C, Moraes EB, Godfrey CM, Alexander L, Tricco A, Peters MDJ, Pieper D, Saran A, Ameen D, Taneri PE, Munn Z. Automation tools to support undertaking scoping reviews. Res Synth Methods 2024. [PMID: 38885942 DOI: 10.1002/jrsm.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This paper describes several automation tools and software that can be considered during evidence synthesis projects and provides guidance for their integration in the conduct of scoping reviews. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING The guidance presented in this work is adapted from the results of a scoping review and consultations with the JBI Scoping Review Methodology group. RESULTS This paper describes several reliable, validated automation tools and software that can be used to enhance the conduct of scoping reviews. Developments in the automation of systematic reviews, and more recently scoping reviews, are continuously evolving. We detail several helpful tools in order of the key steps recommended by the JBI's methodological guidance for undertaking scoping reviews including team establishment, protocol development, searching, de-duplication, screening titles and abstracts, data extraction, data charting, and report writing. While we include several reliable tools and software that can be used for the automation of scoping reviews, there are some limitations to the tools mentioned. For example, some are available in English only and their lack of integration with other tools results in limited interoperability. CONCLUSION This paper highlighted several useful automation tools and software programs to use in undertaking each step of a scoping review. This guidance has the potential to inform collaborative efforts aiming at the development of evidence informed, integrated automation tools and software packages for enhancing the conduct of high-quality scoping reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Khalil
- School of Psychology and Public Health, Department of Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
- The Queensland Centre of Evidence Based Nursing and Midwifery: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Danielle Pollock
- JBI, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact (HESRI), School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Patricia McInerney
- The Wits JBI Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Catrin Evans
- The Nottingham Centre for Evidence Based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence, University of Nottingham, UK
| | - Erica B Moraes
- Nursing School, Department of Nursing Fundamentals and Administration, Federal Fluminense University, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- The Brazilian Centre of Evidence-based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence - JBI, Brazil
| | - Christina M Godfrey
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lyndsay Alexander
- The Scottish Centre for Evidence-based, Multi-Professional Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Aberdeen, UK
- School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Andrea Tricco
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Epidemiology Division and Institute for Health, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Knowledge Translation Program, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Micah D J Peters
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact (HESRI), School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- University of Adelaide, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Nursing School, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dawid Pieper
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Institute for Health Services and Health System Research, Rüdersdorf, Germany
- Center for Health Services Research, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | | | - Daniel Ameen
- Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Monash University, Australia
| | - Petek Eylul Taneri
- HRB-Trials Methodology Research Network, College of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Zachary Munn
- JBI, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact (HESRI), School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Alexander L, Cooper K, Peters MDJ, Tricco AC, Khalil H, Evans C, Munn Z, Pieper D, Godfrey CM, McInerney P, Pollock D. Large scoping reviews: managing volume and potential chaos in a pool of evidence sources. J Clin Epidemiol 2024; 170:111343. [PMID: 38582403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2024.111343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Scoping reviews can identify a large number of evidence sources. This commentary describes and provides guidance on planning, conducting, and reporting large scoping reviews. This guidance is informed by experts in scoping review methodology, including JBI (formerly Joanna Briggs Institute) Scoping Review Methodology group members, who have also conducted and reported large scoping reviews. We propose a working definition for large scoping reviews that includes approximately 100 sources of evidence but must also consider the volume of data to be extracted, the complexity of the analyses, and purpose. We pose 6 core questions for scoping review authors to consider when planning, developing, conducting, and reporting large scoping reviews. By considering and addressing these questions, scoping review authors might better streamline and manage the conduct and reporting of large scoping reviews from the planning to publishing stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyndsay Alexander
- School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK; Scottish Centre for Evidence-based, Multi-professional Practice: a JBI Centre of Excellence, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK.
| | - Kay Cooper
- School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK; Scottish Centre for Evidence-based, Multi-professional Practice: a JBI Centre of Excellence, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Micah D J Peters
- Clinical and Health Sciences, Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Adelaide Nursing School, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia; The Centre for Evidence-based Practice South Australia (CEPSA): A Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Dalla Lana School of Public Health & Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hanan Khalil
- Department of Public Health, School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Catrin Evans
- The Nottingham Centre for Evidence Based Healthcare: a JBI Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Zachary Munn
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact (HESRI), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Dawid Pieper
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Institute for Health Services and Health System Research, Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany; Center for Health Services Research, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Rüdersdorf bei Berlin, Germany
| | - Christina M Godfrey
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patricia McInerney
- Wits-JBI Centre for evidence-based practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Danielle Pollock
- Health Evidence Synthesis, Recommendations and Impact (HESRI), Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Khalil H, Peters MDJ, McInerney PA, Godfrey CM, Alexander L, Evans C, Pieper D, Moraes EB, Tricco AC, Munn Z, Pollock D. The role of scoping reviews in reducing research waste. J Clin Epidemiol 2022; 152:30-35. [PMID: 36179936 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Scoping reviews and evidence map methodologies are increasingly being used by researchers. The objective of this article is to examine how scoping reviews can reduce research waste. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This article summarizes the key issues facing the research community regarding research waste and how scoping reviews can make an important contribution to the reduction of research waste in both primary and secondary research. RESULTS The problem of research waste is an enduring challenge for global health, leading to a waste of human and financial resources and producing research outputs that do not provide answers to the most pressing research questions. Research waste occurs within primary research but also in secondary research such as evidence syntheses. The focus of scoping reviews on characterizing the nature of existing evidence on a topic and including all types of evidence, potentially reduces research waste in five ways: (1) identifying key research gaps on a topic, (2) determining appropriate outcome measures, (3) mapping existing methodological approaches, (4) developing a consistent understanding of terms and concepts used in existing evidence, and (5) ensuring scoping reviews do not exacerbate the issue of research waste. CONCLUSION To ensure that scoping reviews do not themselves end up contributing to research waste, it is important to register the scoping review and to ensure that international reporting standards and methodological guidance are followed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Khalil
- School of Psychology and Public Health, Department of Public Health, La Trobe University, Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora, Victoria 3086, Australia.
| | - Micah D J Peters
- University of South Australia, Clinical and Health Sciences, Rosemary Bryant AO Research Centre, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Adelaide Nursing School, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; The Centre for Evidence-based Practice South Australia (CEPSA): A JBI Centre of Excellence, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Patricia A McInerney
- The Wits-JBI Centre for Evidence-Based Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Witwatersrand, South Africa
| | - Christina M Godfrey
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lyndsay Alexander
- School of Health Sciences, Robert Gordon University, Aberdeen, UK; The Scottish Centre for Evidence-based Multi-professional Practice: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Aberdeen, UK
| | - Catrin Evans
- The Nottingham Centre for Evidence Based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence, School of Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Dawid Pieper
- Faculty of Health Sciences Brandenburg, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Institute for Health Services and Health Systems Research, Rüdersdorf, Germany; Center for Health Services Research, Brandenburg Medical School (Theodor Fontane), Rüdersdorf, Germany
| | - Erica B Moraes
- Federal Fluminense University, Nursing School, Department of Nursing Fundamentals and Administration, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; The Brazilian Centre of Evidence-based Healthcare: A JBI Centre of Excellence (JBI Brazil), São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andrea C Tricco
- Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality: A JBI Centre of Excellence, Queen's University School of Nursing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada; Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Epidemiology Division and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Zachary Munn
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Danielle Pollock
- JBI, Faculty of Health and Medical Science, School of Public Health, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
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Khalil H, Tricco AC. Differentiating between Evidence/gap maps and scoping reviews in the evidence synthesis ecosystem. J Clin Epidemiol 2022; 149:175-182. [PMID: 35636593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Scoping reviews and evidence map methodologies are increasingly used by researchers. The objective of this article is to outline the main differences between both types of evidence synthesis to improve their conduct. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING This article summarizes the key issues facing reviewers who conduct scoping reviews and evidence maps and those who use the results and may engage in consultations during their development. RESULTS Several differences exist between the methodologies, and these are in their protocol development, scope, inclusion criteria, data extraction, reporting, and use. Evidence maps are mainly driven by questions of effectiveness of a particular intervention and hence they use the PICOS format similar to systematic reviews of effectiveness. Scoping reviews mostly use the PCC format where they map a concept of interest relevant to a particular population in a specific setting and context. Data extraction is limited by only coding of studies and intervention characteristics in evidence maps. The results of the evidence maps can be used inform research priorities and research funding, whereas scoping reviews results may be used to inform policy development by clarifying key concepts and methods, and further research. CONCLUSION We recommend authors who are planning to undertake scoping reviews confirm that their research question can be appropriately answered using a scoping review methodology, however, for broader research questions without the need for an in-depth analysis of the information, we recommend authors to consider mapping reviews.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Khalil
- La Trobe University, School of Psychology and Public Health, Department of Public Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia.
| | - A C Tricco
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Epidemiology Division and Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario; Queen's Collaboration for Health Care Quality Joanna Briggs Institute Centre of Excellence, Queen's University, Kingston, Canada
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Santos-Willshere J, Pizarro N. Introducing nurse prescribing in Gibraltar: the impact on palliative care. BRITISH JOURNAL OF NURSING (MARK ALLEN PUBLISHING) 2022; 31:162-168. [PMID: 35152752 DOI: 10.12968/bjon.2022.31.3.162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
This article critically explores the impact of the introduction of nurse prescribing on palliative care in Gibraltar. A preliminary audit review of the prescriptions issued by the two palliative independent nurse prescribers over their first full calendar year of prescribing (2020) revealed two primary areas of impact: facilitating end-of-life care at home and improving anticipatory prescribing for end-of-life symptom management. These initial findings will be discussed in the context of the challenges and facilitators encountered during the first year of prescribing practice. Challenges were primarily related to the introduction of an advanced nursing role into an existing medical paradigm. Identified facilitators included comprehensive record keeping, collaborative working and the development of local guidelines, as well as the support of management and peers. The article concludes with a recommendation for further audits of prescribing data as a way to measure the impact of the new role and to inform future palliative service development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicole Pizarro
- Specialist Palliative Nurse, Gibraltar Health Authority, Gibraltar
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Peters MD, Godfrey C, McInerney P, Khalil H, Larsen P, Marnie C, Pollock D, Tricco AC, Munn Z. Best practice guidance and reporting items for the development of scoping review protocols. JBI Evid Synth 2022; 20:953-968. [DOI: 10.11124/jbies-21-00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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de Lima C, Dos Santos Neto MF, Costa RFA, Franco JO, Calfi GS, Paiva BSR, Paiva CE. Characteristics of Palliative Care Publications by South American Authors in the Last 20 Years: Systematic Literature Review With Bibliometric Analysis. J Pain Symptom Manage 2021; 62:e177-e185. [PMID: 33819513 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2021.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Research on palliative care (PC) can be used as a direct measure to assess the level of PC development in a country or region. OBJECTIVES To investigate the scientific production in the field of PC in South American countries over the last two decades. METHODS The search was performed using the terms "palliative care," "hospice care," "hospices," and "terminal care" combined with the names of South American countries in several databases. The trend in publications over time was analyzed by linear equations (R2) and by calculating the annual percentage change (APC). The article citations were extracted from Web of Science (WOS), Scopus and Google Scholar, and the countries' impact factors (IFc) were calculated. RESULTS Of the 4259 identified articles, 641 were included in the analysis. There was a clear increase in the number of publications over the analyzed period (R2 = 0.8794, APC = 14.42%). Brazil was the country with the highest number of publications (n = 389); however, after adjustments by population, GDP and number of researchers, Chile was the country with the greatest prominence, including the highest IF in WOS (4.409). Only 8.3% of publications were systematic review, clinical trial or cohort studies; only 15.4% were funded. CONCLUSION This bibliometric review identified an annual increase of 14% in the number of scientific publications by researchers from South America over the last 20 years. Although Brazil produced the most articles, Chile, had the most efficient scientific production. In general, the articles had low potential for scientific impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crislaine de Lima
- Research Group on Palliative Care and Health-Related Quality of Life (GPQual), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Martins Fideles Dos Santos Neto
- Research Group on Palliative Care and Health-Related Quality of Life (GPQual), Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Julia Onishi Franco
- Barretos School of Health Sciences Dr. Paulo Prata, FACISB, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Giovanna Simões Calfi
- Barretos School of Health Sciences Dr. Paulo Prata, FACISB, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Paiva
- Oncology Graduate Program, Learning and Research Institute, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil; Department of Clinical Oncology, Breast and Gynecology Division, Barretos Cancer Hospital, Barretos, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Mapping end-of-life and anticipatory medications in palliative care patients using a longitudinal general practice database. Palliat Support Care 2021; 20:94-100. [PMID: 33750494 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951521000092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE End-of-life and anticipatory medications (AMs) have been widely used in various health care settings for people approaching end-of-life. Lack of access to medications at times of need may result in unnecessary hospital admissions and increased patient and family distress in managing palliative care at home. The study aimed to map the use of end-of-life and AM in a cohort of palliative care patients through the use of the Population Level Analysis and Reporting Data Space and to discuss the results through stakeholder consultation of the relevant organizations. METHODS A retrospective observational cohort study of 799 palliative care patients in 25 Australian general practice health records with a palliative care referral was undertaken over a period of 10 years. This was followed by stakeholders' consultation with palliative care nurse practitioners and general practitioners who have palliative care patients. RESULTS End-of-life and AM prescribing have been increasing over the recent years. Only a small percentage (13.5%) of palliative care patients received medications through general practice. Stakeholders' consultation on AM prescribing showed that there is confusion about identifying patients needing medications for end-of-life and mixed knowledge about palliative care referral pathways. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Improved knowledge and information around referral pathways enabling access to palliative care services for general practice patients and their caregivers are needed. Similarly, the increased utility of screening tools to identify patients with palliative care needs may be useful for health care practitioners to ensure timely care is provided.
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