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Monjezi Y, Sari M, Chaji M, Ferret A. Effects of concentrate starch level and free-choice provision of straw on performance, feeding behaviour and feed sorting of fattening lambs. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2022.105773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Chen H, Wang C, Huasai S, Chen A. Effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio on nutrient digestibility, ruminal fermentation and rumen bacterial composition in Angus cows. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17023. [PMID: 34426627 PMCID: PMC8382751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96580-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated effects of dietary forage to concentrate ratio (F:C) on the body weight, digestibility, ruminal fermentation and rumen bacterial composition in Angus cows. Three diets with different F:C (LCD: 65:35, MCD:50:50, and HCD: 35:65) were fed to ninety Angus cows (3.2 ± 0.18 years old, 387.2 ± 22.6 kg). The average daily gain (ADG) and ammonia nitrogen concentration increased (P = 0.039 and P = 0.026, respectively), whereas the acetate to propionate ratio (P = 0.027) and the neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility decreased with increasing concentrate level. The acetate concentration and ruminal pH (P = 0.033 and P = 0.029, respectively) decreased by feeding HCD diet. Serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp) and lipopolysaccharide binding protein (LBP) increased under the HCD. The relative abundances of Bacteroidetes, Fibrobacterota, Prevotella and Prevotellaceae UCG-003 decreased, whereas the relative abundances of Ruminococcaceae NK4A214 group, Saccharofermentans and Spirochaetota increased with increasing dietary concentrate level. Our study provides a better understanding of rumen fermentation parameters and microbiota under a wide range of dietary F:C ratios, supporting the potential dietary manipulation of microbes, which could enhance feed digestibility associated with cow rearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Chen
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Chunjie Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Simujide Huasai
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China
| | - Aorigele Chen
- College of Animal Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010018, China.
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Baek DJ, Kwon HC, Mun AL, Lim JR, Park SW, Han JS. A comparative analysis of rumen pH, milk production characteristics, and blood metabolism of Holstein cattle according to the forage ratio for the establishment of objective indicators of the animal welfare certification standard. Anim Biosci 2021; 35:147-152. [PMID: 34237924 PMCID: PMC8738935 DOI: 10.5713/ab.21.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study was conducted to present an objective index that can be quantified and statistically analyzed by comparing rumen pH, ruminating time, milk yield, milk quality, and blood components among cows from farms with forage ratios of 90% or more of grass feed and farms that routinely manage more than 40% of the forage ratio, in consideration welfare of Holstein cow welfare. Methods Data on rumen pH, rumination time, milk yield, milk fat ratio, milk protein ratio, and blood metabolism were collected from 12 heads from a welfare farm (forage rate 88.5%) and 13 heads from a conventional (forage rate 34.5%) three days in October 2019. Results The rumination time was significantly longer in cattle on the welfare farm than on the conventional farm (p<0.01), but ruminal pH fluctuation was significantly greater in the cattle on conventional farm than the welfare farm (p<0.01). Conventional farms with a high ratio of concentrated feed produced a higher average daily milk yield than welfare farms, but milk fat and milk production efficiency (milk fat and milk protein corrected milk/total digestible nutrients) was higher in cattle on welfare farms. Blood test results showed a normal range for both farm types, but concentrations of total cholesterol and NEFA were significantly higher in cows from conventional farms with a high milk yield (p<0.01). Conclusion The results of this study confirmed that cows on the animal welfare farm with a high percentage of grass feed had better rumen pH, milk production efficiency, and various blood metabolism parameters compared to those on the conventional farm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Jin Baek
- Animal Protection and Welfare Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency Gyungbuk 39660, Korea
| | - Hyoun Chul Kwon
- Department of Animal Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Ah Lyum Mun
- Animal Protection and Welfare Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency Gyungbuk 39660, Korea
| | - Joo Ri Lim
- Animal Protection and Welfare Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency Gyungbuk 39660, Korea
| | - Sung Won Park
- Animal Protection and Welfare Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency Gyungbuk 39660, Korea
| | - Jin Soo Han
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine & Institute for the 3Rs, College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea
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Currò S, Manuelian CL, De Marchi M, Claps S, Rufrano D, Neglia G. Effects of Breed and Stage of Lactation on Milk Fatty Acid Composition of Italian Goat Breeds. Animals (Basel) 2019; 9:E764. [PMID: 31623398 PMCID: PMC6826614 DOI: 10.3390/ani9100764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Fatty acid (FA) profile plays an important role on human health and on sensory quality of dairy products. There is few information about breed influence on milk FA profile of local goat breeds. This study aimed to characterize and compare the milk FA profile of 5 local endangered goat breeds (Garganica, Girgentana, Jonica, Maltese, and Mediterranean Red) and a cosmopolitan breed (Saanen) reared in the same farm during a complete lactation. A total of 252 milk samples were collected monthly from 42 goats (7 goats per breed) and analyzed for gross composition and FA profile. Individual FA was determined using gas-chromatography. Data were analyzed using a mixed model with repeated measures with breed and week of lactation as fixed effects. Results showed that the FA profile was significantly affected by week of lactation and only few FA by breed effect (p < 0.05). Overall, the main differences were found between Saanen and local breeds. This study contributed to the characterization of goat milk FA profile, and it may be of interest for the valorization of milk from local goat breeds which seem to have a healthier profile than milk of the cosmopolitan breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Currò
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Carmen L Manuelian
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Massimo De Marchi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment, University of Padova, 35020 Legnaro (PD), Italy.
| | - Salvatore Claps
- Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economy Analysis-Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, 85051 Bella Muro (PZ), Italy.
| | - Domenico Rufrano
- Council for Agricultural Research and Agricultural Economy Analysis-Research Centre for Animal Production and Aquaculture, 85051 Bella Muro (PZ), Italy.
| | - Gianluca Neglia
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production (DMVPA), University of Naples Federico II, Naples, 80137 Napoli, Italy.
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Groenevelt M, Cahalan SD, Anzuino K, Hunt N, Lee M, Grogono‐Thomas R. Laminitis in dairy goats (
Capra aegagrus hircus
) on a low‐forage diet. VETERINARY RECORD CASE REPORTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1136/vetreccr-2018-000652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Margit Groenevelt
- Department of Clinical Veterinary ScienceUniversity of BristolLangfordUK
| | | | - Katharine Anzuino
- Department of Clinical Veterinary ScienceUniversity of BristolLangfordUK
| | - Nicholas Hunt
- Department of Clinical Veterinary ScienceUniversity of BristolLangfordUK
| | - Michael Lee
- Department of Clinical Veterinary ScienceUniversity of BristolLangfordUK
- Rothamsted ResearchOkehamptonUK
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Recent advances in the understanding of subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in goats, with focus on the link to feeding behaviour. Small Rumin Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Jang SY, Kim EK, Park JH, Oh MR, Tang YJ, Ding YL, Seong HJ, Kim WH, Yun YS, Moon SH. Effects of physically effective neutral detergent fiber content on dry matter intake, digestibility, and chewing activity in Korean native goats ( Capra hircus coreanae) fed with total mixed ration. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2017; 30:1405-1409. [PMID: 28423870 PMCID: PMC5582324 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.16.0868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Objective This experiment was to determine proper physical traits in the diet for goats by investigating the effects of physically effective neutral detergent fiber (peNDF) content on dry matter intake (DMI), digestibility, and chewing activity in black goats fed with total mixed ration (TMR). Methods Six growing wethers of Korean native black goats (Capra hircus coreanae) aged 8 months and weighing between 26.9 kg and 27.1 kg (27.03±5.05 kg) were used in this experiment. Three diets of varying peNDF content were obtained by original TMR (T1), 12,000 rpm grinding (T2), and 15,500 rpm grinding (T3) of the same TMR diet. The peNDF1.18 content of the experimental diets was 23.85%, 21.71%, and 16.22% for T1, T2, and T3, respectively. Results Average daily gain (ADG) was higher in T2 group compared to those of the control and T3 groups, but ADG and DMI were not affected by the dietary particle size and peNDF content. Also, there was no difference between apparent nutrient digestibility of dry matter, crude fiber, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, and acid detergent fiber. Although there was no significant difference, rumination and total chewing time were associated with decreased peNDF content. Conclusion The feeding of peNDF-based TMR showed no impact on apparent nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance. Further studies are required with a wider range of dietary peNDF level and particle size to better identify the effect of dietary peNDF and particle size on chewing activity and performance in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Se Young Jang
- Division of Food Bio Science, Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Eun Kyung Kim
- Division of Food Bio Science, Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Park
- Division of Food Bio Science, Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Mi Rae Oh
- Division of Food Bio Science, Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Yu Jiao Tang
- Division of Food Bio Science, Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Yu Ling Ding
- Division of Food Bio Science, Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Hye Jin Seong
- Division of Food Bio Science, Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Won Ho Kim
- National Institute of Animal Science, RDA, Sunghwan 31000, Korea
| | - Yeong Sik Yun
- Division of Food Bio Science, Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Sang Ho Moon
- Division of Food Bio Science, Korea Nokyong Research Center, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
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Chen GJ, Song SD, Wang BX, Zhang ZF, Peng ZL, Guo CH, Zhong JC, Wang Y. Effects of Forage:Concentrate Ratio on Growth Performance, Ruminal Fermentation and Blood Metabolites in Housing-feeding Yaks. ASIAN-AUSTRALASIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCES 2015; 28:1736-41. [PMID: 26580441 PMCID: PMC4647082 DOI: 10.5713/ajas.15.0419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of forage: concentrate ratio (F:C) on growth performance, ruminal fermentation and blood metabolites of housing-feeding yaks. Thirty-two Maiwa male yaks (initial body weight = 207.99±3.31 kg) were randomly assigned to four dietary treatments (8 yaks per treatment). Experimental diets were: A, B, C, D which contained 70:30, 60:40, 50:50 and 40:60 F:C ratios, respectively. Dry matter intake and average daily gain in yaks fed the C and D diets were greater (p<0.05) than yaks fed the A and B diets. No differences were found in ruminal NH3-N, total volatile fatty acids, acetate, butyrate, valerate, and isovalerate concentrations. The propionate concentration was increased (p<0.05) in the C and D groups compared with the A and B diets. In contrast, the acetate to propionate ratio was decreased and was lowest (p<0.05) in the C group relative to the A and B diets, but was similar with the D group. For blood metabolites, no differences were found in serum concentrations of urea-N, albumin, triglyceride, cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate aminotransferase (p>0.05) among treatments. Treatment C had a higher concentration of total protein and high density lipoprotein (p<0.05) than A and B groups. In addition, there was a trend that the globulin concentration of A group was lower than other treatments (p = 0.079). Results from this study suggest that increasing the level of concentrate from 30% to 50% exerted a positive effect on growth performance, rumen fermentation and blood metabolites in yaks.
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Li F, Cao Y, Liu N, Yang X, Yao J, Yan D. Subacute ruminal acidosis challenge changed in situ degradability of feedstuffs in dairy goats. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:5101-9. [PMID: 24913652 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-7676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of wheat-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) on rumen bacterial populations and in situ degradabilities of NDF, starch, and crude protein of feeds. Four multiparous dairy goats (BW=60±3.3kg) fitted with ruminal cannulas were assigned to a 2×2 crossover design (28-d treatment periods separated by a 7-d washout interval). The treatment diets consisted of 2 levels of cracked wheat: 0 (control, corn based concentrate) and 35% (diet-induced SARA, wheat-based concentrate), with a constant forage- (45% alfalfa hay and 5% corn silage of DM) to-concentrate (50% of DM) ratio. Results indicate that diets with a 35% wheat decreased ruminal pH (6.21 vs. 5.98) and increased the duration (1.13 vs. 4.72h/d) and area (0.12 vs. 0.78 pH × h/d) of ruminal pH below 5.6 and induced SARA. The SARA increased ruminal total volatile fatty acid concentration, from 105.0 to 123.8mM, and decreased the acetate molar proportion (62.8 vs. 56.6mol/100mol) and the acetate-to-propionate ratio (3.5 vs. 2.8). Compared with the control group, SARA decreases the relative abundance of Fibrobacter succinogenes (-59.3%) and Ruminococcus flavefaciens (-68.4%), whereas it increased Succinimonas amylolytica (198.1%) and Ruminobacter amylophilus (125.2%). The SARA decreased 24- and 48-h dry matter (DM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) degradabilities of corn silage. The 48-h degradabilities of DM (51.0 vs. 48.2%) and NDF (40.3 vs. 36.0%) in alfalfa hay were not affected by SARA, but the SARA tended to reduce the 24-h DM (49.6 vs. 46.3%) and NDF (37.8 vs. 33.2%) degradabilities. The effective ruminal degradabilities of DM and NDF in alfalfa hay and corn silage were reduced during SARA. In situ degradability parameters of DM and starch of wheat were not affected by SARA, but starch degradability of corn (9.5 vs. 13.3%/h) increased. The SARA reduced in situ 12-h degradabilities of DM and crude protein of soybean meal and extruded soybean without affecting the degradabilities of the other protein supplements (corn gluten meal, cottonseed meal, corn dried distillers grains with solubles, rapeseed meal, and wheat germ meal). These results indicated that the cracked wheat-induced SARA reduced the degradation of NDF in roughages and that of protein in soybean meal (-19.8%) and extruded soy (-18.9%) and increased the starch degradability in corn, due to the increased amylolytic bacteria and decreased cellulolytic bacteria counts in the rumen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Yangchun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Nannan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Xinjian Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Junhu Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.
| | - Dabing Yan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
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High concentrate-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) increases plasma acute phase proteins (APPs) and cortisol in goats. Animal 2014; 8:1433-8. [PMID: 24852750 DOI: 10.1017/s1751731114001128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate changes of stress status in dairy goats induced to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). The level of acute phase proteins (APPs) including haptoglobin (HP) and serum amyloid A (SAA) in plasma and their mRNA expression in liver, as well as plasma cortisol and genes expression of key factors controlling cortisol synthesis in adrenal cortex were compared between SARA and control goats. SARA was induced by feeding high concentrate diet (60% concentrate of dry matter) for 3 weeks (SARA, n=6), while control goats (Con, n=6) received a low concentrate diet (40% concentrate of dry matter) during the experimental time. SARA goats showed ruminal pH below 5.8 for more than 3 h per day, which was significantly lower than control goats (pH>6.0). SARA goats demonstrated a significant increase of hepatic HP and SAA mRNA expression (P<0.05), and the level of HP but not SAA in plasma was markedly increased compared with control (P<0.05). The level of cortisol in plasma showed a trend to increase in SARA goats (0.05<P<0.1). In adrenal cortex, mRNA expression of 17α-hydroxylase cytochrome (P45017α ) (P<0.01) and 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3β-HSD) (P<0.05) was significantly increased in SARA goats. The contents of 3β-HSD and P450 side-chain cleavage protein were increased by 58.6% and 39.4%, respectively, but did not reach the statistical significance (P>0.05). These results suggested that SARA goats experienced a certain stress status, exhibiting an increase in HP production and cortisol secretion.
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Li F, Li Z, Li S, Ferguson JD, Cao Y, Yao J, Sun F, Wang X, Yang T. Effect of dietary physically effective fiber on ruminal fermentation and the fatty acid profile of milk in dairy goats. J Dairy Sci 2014; 97:2281-90. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2013-6895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2013] [Accepted: 01/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Effects of dietary effective fiber to rumen degradable starch ratios on the risk of sub-acute ruminal acidosis and rumen content fatty acids composition in dairy goat. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Serment A, Giger-Reverdin S. Effect of the percentage of concentrate on intake pattern in mid-lactation goats. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2012.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Kumar S, Dagar SS, Sirohi SK, Upadhyay RC, Puniya AK. Microbial profiles, in vitro gas production and dry matter digestibility based on various ratios of roughage to concentrate. ANN MICROBIOL 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s13213-012-0501-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Behavioural adaptations of sheep to repeated acidosis challenges and effect of yeast supplementation. Animal 2012; 6:2011-22. [DOI: 10.1017/s1751731112001309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Serment A, Schmidely P, Giger-Reverdin S, Chapoutot P, Sauvant D. Effects of the percentage of concentrate on rumen fermentation, nutrient digestibility, plasma metabolites, and milk composition in mid-lactation goats. J Dairy Sci 2011; 94:3960-72. [PMID: 21787932 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2010-4041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2010] [Accepted: 04/04/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to study the effects of the dietary percentage of concentrate on patterns of intake, the evolution of rumen fermentation characteristics and plasma metabolites after a meal, nutrient digestibility, and milk production and composition in a medium-term trial in dairy goats. These effects have been well studied in dairy cattle but seldom in goats. Thirteen ruminally and duodenally cannulated dairy goats (95±4 d in milk) fed ad libitum were used in this study. Goats were assigned to 1 of 2 dietary treatments: high-concentrate (70% concentrate on dry matter basis) or a low-concentrate (35%) total mixed rations. The experiment was conducted over a period of 10 wk, including 3 wk of adaption to the diets. Patterns of intake, rumen fermentation characteristics, and plasma metabolites after a meal and fatty acids profile of milk fat were compared at the onset and at the end of the experiment. The increase in dietary percentage of concentrate decreased rumen pH, acetate to propionate ratio, ammonia-N concentration, and plasma urea concentration. The percentage of concentrate did not affect total volatile fatty acid concentrations. The high-concentrate diet increased the rate of intake during the morning meal at the onset of the experiment, whereas it decreased total dry matter intake and the rate of intake during the morning meal at the end of the experiment. The high-concentrate diet resulted in greater organic matter digestibility. Raw milk yield and protein yield were greater in goats fed the high-concentrate diet, whereas fat yield was not affected by dietary treatments. The milk fat content was lower in goats fed the high-concentrate diet. Proportions of the trans-C18:1 isomer relative to total fatty acids in milk were higher with the high-concentrate diet, but no modification of the proportion of total trans-C18:1 was detected, in particular no shift from trans-11 C18:1 to trans-10 C18:1 was observed. Further, the isomer trans-10,cis-12 C18:2 was not detected. Data from this study could be used for a new modeling approach or to improve existing models.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Serment
- AgroParisTech, UMR791 Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, 16 rue Claude Bernard, F-75005 Paris, France.
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The influence of acidosis and live yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) supplementation on time-budget and feeding behaviour of dairy goats receiving two diets of differing concentrate proportion. Appl Anim Behav Sci 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.applanim.2009.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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