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Lv X, He M, Wang S, Zheng W, Zhou H, Mwacharo JM, Sun W. The Role of BMP7 in the Proliferation of Hu Sheep Dermal Papilla Cells Is Influenced by DNA Methylation. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:1699. [PMID: 38891747 PMCID: PMC11171211 DOI: 10.3390/ani14111699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/01/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that the BMP7 gene is differentially expressed in Hu sheep lamb skin of different pattern types, and its expression level is significantly correlated with hair follicle indices of different pattern types, but the molecular mechanism of the differential expression of the BMP7 gene remains unclear. This study investigated the effect of DNA methylation on the transcriptional expression of BMP7. Firstly, we found that the mRNA expression of the BMP7 gene and the activity of the core promoter of the BMP7 gene were upregulated after 5-Aza-Deoxycytidine-induced demethylation treatment using qRT-PCR and double luciferase reporter assay. Then, we found that the proliferation of Hu sheep DPCs in vitro was promoted after 5-Aza-Deoxycytidine-induced demethylation treatment through qRT-PCR, CCK-8, and EdU assay, and that the overexpression of DNMT1 in DPCs induced the opposite effect. In addition, the results of the cell cycle assay reveal that the percentage of cells in the S phase was increased after 5-Aza-Deoxycytidine-induced demethylation treatment, and that the percentage of cells in the S phase was decreased after overexpression of DNMT1 in DPCs. This study indicated that the differential expression of the BMP7 gene in different patterns of Hu sheep lamb skin may be regulated by DNA methylation modification. In addition, DNA methylation can regulate the proliferation and cell cycle of DPCs in Hu sheep.
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Grants
- 32302693,32172689, BK20230584, 2022D01D47,BZ2023009,CX (23)1036,22KJD230003, (2022)2-323, YZ2023070 the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32302693,32172689), the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (BK20230584), the Major Project of the Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region (2022D01D47), the Project of Ji
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyang Lv
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Mingliang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Shanhe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Wenxin Zheng
- Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Zhanjiang Experimental Station, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang 524000, China
| | - Joram M. Mwacharo
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa 999047, Ethiopia
| | - Wei Sun
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Yu X, Li S, Zhou H, Zhao F, Hu J, Wang J, Liu X, Li M, Zhao Z, Hao Z, Shi B, Hickford JGH. Spatiotemporal Expression and Haplotypes Identification of KRT84 Gene and Their Association with Wool Traits in Gansu Alpine Fine-Wool Sheep. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:248. [PMID: 38397237 PMCID: PMC10888427 DOI: 10.3390/genes15020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Keratin (K) is a major protein component of hair and is involved in hair growth and development. In this study, we analysed the expression, localization, and polymorphism of the K84 gene (KRT84) in Gansu Alpine Fine-wool sheep using immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and PARMS (penta-primer amplification refractory mutation system). Haplotypes of KRT84 were also constructed and their relationship with wool traits analysed. It was revealed that KRT84 was highly expressed in hair follicles, including the inner root sheath, outer root sheath, and hair medulla and at all six lamb ages investigated from 1 to 270 days of age. Three SNPs were detected in KRT84 exon 1, and they formed three haplotypes (named H1, H2, and H3) and six genotypes. Analyses revealed an association between haplotype combinations (diplotypes) and the mean fibre curvature, mean staple length, mean staple strength, mean fibre diameter, the coefficient of variation of fibre diameter, and comfort factor for these sheep. These results suggest that KRT84 is of importance in determining several key traits in Gansu Alpine Fine-wool sheep and that the gene could possibly be used as a genetic marker for wool trait selection in these sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqin Yu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Shaobin Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
- International Wool Research Institute, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Huitong Zhou
- International Wool Research Institute, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- Gene-Marker Laboratory, Faculty of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
| | - Fangfang Zhao
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Jiang Hu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
- International Wool Research Institute, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Jiqing Wang
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
- International Wool Research Institute, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Xiu Liu
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Mingna Li
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
- International Wool Research Institute, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
| | - Zhidong Zhao
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Zhiyun Hao
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Bingang Shi
- Gansu Key Laboratory of Herbivorous Animal Biotechnology, Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China; (X.Y.); (F.Z.); (J.H.); (J.W.); (X.L.); (M.L.); (Z.Z.); (Z.H.); (B.S.)
| | - Jon G. H. Hickford
- International Wool Research Institute, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, China;
- Gene-Marker Laboratory, Faculty of Agricultural and Life Sciences, Lincoln University, Lincoln 7647, New Zealand
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He M, Zhou H, Hu T, Lv X, Wang S, Cao X, Yuan Z, Quan K, Getachew T, Mwacharo JM, Haile A, Sun W. Preliminary study of melatonin in the proliferation and apoptosis of Hu sheep dermal papilla cells in vitro. Anim Biotechnol 2023; 34:4262-4270. [PMID: 36384387 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2022.2144341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that melatonin has a certain regulatory effect on the growth of sheep wool. However, the mechanism of melatonin action remains unknown. In the present study, we aimed to understand the role of exogenous melatonin in the dermal papilla cells of Hu sheep. To confirm the optimal melatonin treatment regimen for Hu sheep dermal papilla cells, we detected the cell viability by exposing them to different concentrations of melatonin and different treatment times. The results showed that cell viability was best when dermal papilla cells were treated with 1000 pg/ml of melatonin for 48 h. According to the results of qPCR, CCK-8, EDU, Western blot, and Flow cytometry analysis, we found that 1000 pg/ml melatonin promoted the proliferation and inhibited the apoptosis of dermal papilla cells compared with the exogenous melatonin blank group (control group). Furthermore, we also found that 1000 pg/ml of melatonin promoted the cell cycle progress of dermal papilla cells according to the results of qPCR and Flow cytometry analysis. Overall, our findings showed that melatonin plays an important role in the dermal papilla cells of Hu sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Tingyan Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaoyang Lv
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shanhe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiukai Cao
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zehu Yuan
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Kai Quan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Tesfaye Getachew
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Joram M Mwacharo
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Aynalem Haile
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement, Nanjing, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- International Agricultural Technology Innovation Institute for Evaluation, Protection, and Improvement on Sheep Genetic Resource, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Duan C, Zhang L, Gao K, Guo Y, Liu Y, Zhang Y. Cashmere production, skin characteristics, and mutated genes in crimped cashmere fibre goats. Animal 2022; 16:100565. [PMID: 35714387 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2022.100565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A subpopulation of Yanshan cashmere goats with crimped fibre has emerged in a closed population in recent years, but little is known about differences in cashmere production performance, skin characteristics, and fibre-style-related genes between goats with different cashmere fibre styles. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate fibre characteristics, cashmere yield, hair follicle traits, and fibre-style-related genes in cashmere goats with the two cashmere fleece styles-non-crimped and crimped. Based on the cashmere fibre type, 80 six-month-old female Yanshan cashmere goats were used in this study: 40 goats with non-crimped fleece (NCF) and 40 with crimped fleece (CF). The growth performance and cashmere production of the goats were recorded. Skin samples were collected to determine hair follicle traits and gene sequencing. The results indicated that there were no differences in initial live weight, final live weight, average daily feed intake, and average daily gain between the two groups of goats (P > 0.05). The total yield of cashmere and the stretched length of fibre of the CF goats were higher (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05, respectively) and fibre diameter was lower (P < 0.05) than that of the NCF goats. There were no between-group differences in the density and activity of primary and secondary hair follicles, secondary-to-primary fibre ratio, depth of primary follicles, or epidermal thickness. However, the depth of secondary follicles and dermal thickness were higher (P < 0.05) in NCF goats than in CF goats. There were mutations in the KRT5, KAP8, KRT8, KRT74, KRT34, KRT1, KRT71, KRT6A, KAP6, KRT81, and KRT83 genes, four of which caused amino acid changes. The allele and genotype frequencies of base mutations in the KRT5, KAP8, KRT34, KRT1, KRT6A, KRT81, and KRT83 genes were different in the NCF and CF goats (P < 0.05). The distribution and content of the secondary structure elements and tertiary structures of proteins differed between the wide-type and mutated KRT1 and KRT6A proteins. KRT1, KRT6A, KRT71, and TGFα mRNA expression levels were significantly higher in CF goats than in NCF goats (P < 0.05). It is concluded that cashmere goats that have fleece with crimped fibres produce a greater yield of fleece with finer diameter fibres than those with conventional straight cashmere fibres. These differences in fibre properties may be associated with mutations in the genes coding for KRT1 and KRT6A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunhui Duan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Lechao Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Kun Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Yunxia Guo
- College of Life Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Yueqin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China
| | - Yingjie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, PR China.
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Li Y, Lv X, Wang S, Cao X, Yuan Z, Getachew T, Mwacharo JM, Haile A, Sun W. BMP7 Functions to Regulate Proliferation of Dermal Papilla Cells in Hu Sheep. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020201. [PMID: 35205246 PMCID: PMC8872560 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are the structurally similar and highly conserved type of functional proteins that play an important role in hair follicle growth and development. BMP7 was a differentially expressed gene in different patterns of Hu sheep lambskin identified using Agilent microarray. Since hair follicle is the basis of pattern formation of lambskin, and its growth and development is governed by dermal papilla cells (DPCs), to clarify the role of BMP7 and hair follicle, our study was designed to investigate the regulation between BMP7 and DPCs. Firstly, the CDS region of BMP7 was cloned by 3'Race and PCR in Hu sheep and performed serious of bioinformatic analysis. Then, the effects of BMP7 on DPCs were analyzed after overexpression and interference of BMP7 in dermal papilla cells by CCK8, EdU, and PI assay. Additionally, qPCR was also conducted to clarify the relationship between BMP7 and the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. A total of 1,296 bp of the BMP7 CDS region sequence was sucessfully cloned in Hu sheep, encoding a signal peptide of 431 amino acids, molecular weight was 49,316.9Da and the isoelectric point (Pi) was 7.75. Nucleotide sequencing analysis of BMP7 revealed that Hu sheep had high homology with Bos taurus, Homo sapiens, and Canis lupus familiaris. Structure domain prediction showed that TGF-β superfamily domain exist between 330th-431th amino acid, BMP7 protein is a secreted protein. In BMP7 up-regulated DPCs, DPCs proliferation rate and cell cycle were significantly higher than that of NC group (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the expression level of Smad3, Smad4, Samd6, and TGF-β1 in TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway were significantly lower than that in NC group (P < 0.05). In BMP7 down-regulated DPCs, it presented the opposite result. In conclusion, our study showed that BMP7 had a positive effect on DPCs by accelerating the proliferation and cell cycle of DPCs, and hypothesized that regulate hair follicles growth and development via TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway. These findings may provide a synergistic target for the subsequent research of hair follicle growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Xiaoyang Lv
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Shanhe Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (S.W.)
| | - Xiukai Cao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Zehu Yuan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
| | - Tesfaye Getachew
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa 999047, Ethiopia; (T.G.); (J.M.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Joram M. Mwacharo
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa 999047, Ethiopia; (T.G.); (J.M.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Aynalem Haile
- International Centre for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas, Addis Ababa 999047, Ethiopia; (T.G.); (J.M.M.); (A.H.)
| | - Wei Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.L.); (S.W.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (X.L.); (X.C.); (Z.Y.)
- Correspondence:
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Integrated Analysis of lncRNA and mRNA Reveals Novel Insights into Wool Bending in Zhongwei Goat. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113326. [PMID: 34828057 PMCID: PMC8614501 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 11/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The high-quality lambskin of the Chinese Zhongwei goat has a high economic value. The quality of lamb skin is mainly affected by the curvature of the wool, which is regulated by the growth and development of hair follicles. In this study, the expression profiles of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) of 45-day-old and 108-day-old Zhongwei goats were constructed by the Ribo Zero RNA sequencing. A total of 60 differential lncRNAs and 352 differential mRNAs were identified. The functional annotation of differential lncRNAs target genes showed that they were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt and Arachidonic acid metabolic signaling pathways. In combination with qRT-PCR and WGCNA results, we speculate that LOC102172600 and LOC102191729 might affect hair follicle development and wool curvature by regulating the target genes. These results provide new insights into the potential role of lncRNA in regulating wool bending. Abstract Chinese Zhongwei goat is a rare and precious fur breed as its lamb fur is a well-known fur product. Wool bending of lamb fur of the Zhongwei goat is its most striking feature. However, the curvature of the wool decreases gradually with growth, which significantly affects its quality and economic value. The mechanism regulating the phenotypic changes of hair bending is still unclear. In the present study, the skin tissues of Zhongwei goats at 45 days (curving wool) and 108 days (slight-curving wool) after birth were taken as the research objects, and the expression profiling of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) and mRNAs were analyzed based on the Ribo Zero RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) method. In total, 46,013 mRNAs and 13,549 lncRNAs were identified, of which 352 were differentially expressed mRNAs and 60 were. lncRNAs. Functional enrichment analysis of the target genes of lncRNAs were mainly enriched in PI3K-Akt, Arachidonic acid metabolic, cAMP, Wnt, and other signaling pathways. The qRT-PCR results of eight selected lncRNAs and target genes were consistent with the sequencing result, which indicated our data were reliable. Through the analysis of the weighted gene co-expression network, 13 co-expression modules were identified. The turquoise module contained a large number of differential expressed lncRNAs, which were mainly enriched in the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and cAMP signaling pathway. The predicted LOC102172600 and LOC102191729 might affect the development of hair follicles and the curvature of wool by regulating the target genes. Our study provides novel insights into the potential roles of lncRNAs in the regulation of wool bending. In addition, the study offers a theoretical basis for further study of goat wool growth, so as to be a guidance and reference for breeding and improvement in the future.
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Doyle EK, Preston JWV, McGregor BA, Hynd PI. The science behind the wool industry. The importance and value of wool production from sheep. Anim Front 2021; 11:15-23. [PMID: 34026311 PMCID: PMC8127695 DOI: 10.1093/af/vfab005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Emma K Doyle
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2551, Australia
| | - James W V Preston
- School of Environmental and Rural Science, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2551, Australia
| | | | - Phil I Hynd
- School of Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia
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Xiao P, Zhong T, Liu Z, Ding Y, Guan W, He X, Pu Y, Jiang L, Ma Y, Zhao Q. Integrated Analysis of Methylome and Transcriptome Changes Reveals the Underlying Regulatory Signatures Driving Curly Wool Transformation in Chinese Zhongwei Goats. Front Genet 2020; 10:1263. [PMID: 31969898 PMCID: PMC6960231 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The Zhongwei goat is kept primarily for its beautiful white, curly pelt that appears when the kid is approximately 1 month old; however, this representative phenotype often changes to a less curly phenotype during postnatal development in a process that may be mediated by multiple molecular signals. DNA methylation plays important roles in mammalian cellular processes and is essential for the initiation of hair follicle (HF) development. Here, we sought to investigate the effects of genome-wide DNA methylation by combining expression profiles of the underlying curly fleece dynamics. Genome-wide DNA methylation maps and transcriptomes of skin tissues collected from 45- to 108-day-old goats were used for whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) and RNA sequencing, respectively. Between the two developmental stages, 1,250 of 3,379 differentially methylated regions (DMRs) were annotated in differentially methylated genes (DMGs), and these regions were mainly related to intercellular communication and the cytoskeleton. Integrated analysis of the methylome and transcriptome data led to the identification of 14 overlapping genes that encode crucial factors for wool fiber development through epigenetic mechanisms. Furthermore, a functional study using human hair inner root sheath cells (HHIRSCs) revealed that, one of the overlapping genes, platelet-derived growth factor C (PDGFC) had a significant effect on the messenger RNA expression of several key HF-related genes that promote cell migration and proliferation. Our study presents an unprecedented analysis that was used to explore the enigma of fleece morphological changes by combining methylome maps and transcriptional expression, and these data revealed stage-specific epigenetic changes that potentially affect fiber development. Furthermore, our functional study highlights a possible role for the overlapping gene PDGFC in HF cell growth, which may be a predictable biomarker for fur goat selection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhong
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhanfa Liu
- The Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region Breeding Ground of Zhongwei Goat, Department of Agriculture and Rural Areas of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Wuzhong, China
| | - Yangyang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Weijun Guan
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaohong He
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yabin Pu
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qianjun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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9
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Wortmann FJ, Wortmann G, Sripho T. Why is hair curly?—Deductions from the structure and the biomechanics of the mature hair shaft. Exp Dermatol 2019; 29:366-372. [DOI: 10.1111/exd.14048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Franz J. Wortmann
- Department of Materials School of Natural Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Gabriele Wortmann
- Department of Materials School of Natural Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Therakanya Sripho
- Department of Materials School of Natural Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK
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10
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Westgate GE, Ginger RS, Green MR. The biology and genetics of curly hair. Exp Dermatol 2018; 26:483-490. [PMID: 28370528 DOI: 10.1111/exd.13347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Hair fibres show wide diversity across and within all human populations, suggesting that hair fibre form and colour have been subject to much adaptive pressure over thousands of years. All human hair fibres typically have the same basic structure. However, the three-dimensional shape of the entire fibre varies considerably depending on ethnicity and geography, with examples from very straight hair with no rotational turn about the long axis, to the tightly sprung coils of African races. The creation of the highly complex biomaterials in hair follicle and how these confer mechanical functions on the fibre so formed is a topic that remains relatively unexplained thus far. We review the current understanding on how hair fibres are formed into a nonlinear coiled form and which genetic and biological factors are thought to be responsible for hair shape. We report on a new GWAS comparing low and high curl individuals in South Africa, revealing strong links to polymorphic variation in trichohyalin, a copper transporter protein CUTC and the inner root sheath component keratin 74. This builds onto the growing knowledge base describing the control of curly hair formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gillian E Westgate
- Centre for Skin Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire, UK
| | - Rebecca S Ginger
- Unilever R&D Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, UK
| | - Martin R Green
- Unilever R&D Colworth Science Park, Sharnbrook, Bedfordshire, UK
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11
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Harland DP, Vernon JA, Woods JL, Nagase S, Itou T, Koike K, Scobie DA, Grosvenor AJ, Dyer JM, Clerens S. Intrinsic curvature in wool fibres is determined by the relative length of orthocortical and paracortical cells. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:221/6/jeb172312. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.172312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Hair curvature underpins structural diversity and function in mammalian coats, but what causes curl in keratin hair fibres? To obtain structural data to determine one aspect of this question, we used confocal microscopy to provide in situ measurements of the two cell types that make up the cortex of merino wool fibres, which was chosen as a well-characterised model system representative of narrow diameter hairs, such as underhairs. We measured orthocortical and paracortical cross-sectional areas, and cortical cell lengths, within individual fibre snippets of defined uniplanar curvature. This allowed a direct test of two long-standing theories of the mechanism of curvature in hairs. We found evidence contradicting the theory that curvature results from there being more cells on the side of the fibre closest to the outside, or convex edge, of curvature. In all cases, the orthocortical cells close to the outside of curvature were longer than paracortical cells close to the inside of the curvature, which supports the theory that curvature is underpinned by differences in cell type length. However, the latter theory also implies that, for all fibres, curvature should correlate with the proportions of orthocortical and paracortical cells, and we found no evidence for this. In merino wool, it appears that the absolute length of cells of each type and proportion of cells varies from fibre to fibre, and only the difference between the length of the two cell types is important. Implications for curvature in higher diameter hairs, such as guard hairs and those on the human scalp, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duane P. Harland
- Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand
| | - James A. Vernon
- Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand
| | - Joy L. Woods
- Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand
| | - Shinobu Nagase
- Hair Beauty Research, Kao Corporation, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Itou
- Hair Beauty Research, Kao Corporation, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
| | - Kenzo Koike
- Hair Beauty Research, Kao Corporation, Tokyo 131-8501, Japan
| | - David A. Scobie
- Farm Systems and Environment Group, AgResearch, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand
| | - Anita J. Grosvenor
- Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand
| | - Jolon M. Dyer
- Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand
| | - Stefan Clerens
- Food and Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Lincoln 7608, New Zealand
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12
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Molina G, Teich I, Antonini M, Renieri C, La Terza A, Balzarini M. Spatial structure of skin follicles in Suri and Huacaya alpacas. Small Rumin Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2016.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Preston JWV, Hatcher S, McGregor BA. Fabric and greasy wool handle, their importance to the Australian wool industry: a review. ANIMAL PRODUCTION SCIENCE 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/an14777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Handle-related properties of woollen fabrics have been demonstrated to be major factors affecting consumer buying attitudes. Handle is the combination of both textural and compressional attributes. Compressional handle has demonstrated processing advantages in woven and knitted fabrics. The handle of processing lots can be manipulated using a variety of technologies but direct manipulation of textural greasy wool handle pre-processing is still crude. On-farm, there is documented evidence that including handle assessment in a selection index provides additional improvements in genetic gain. However, the assessment of greasy wool handle is based on a tactile evaluation of the wool staple by sheep and wool classers, and its application is affected by a lack of framework that instructs assessors on a standard method of assessment. Once a reliable and repeatable protocol is developed, further understanding of the effect greasy wool handle has on final garment quality will be possible.
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14
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Woods J, Harland D, Vernon J, Krsinic G, Walls R. Morphology and ultrastructure of antler velvet hair and body hair from red deer (Cervus elaphus). J Morphol 2010; 272:34-49. [DOI: 10.1002/jmor.10893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2010] [Revised: 06/04/2010] [Accepted: 06/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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15
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McGregor B, Butler K. Phenotypic associations with fibre curvature standard deviation in cashmere. Small Rumin Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2010.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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