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Dhaouadi S, Bouhaouala-Zahar B, Orend G. Tenascin-C targeting strategies in cancer. Matrix Biol 2024; 130:1-19. [PMID: 38642843 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2024.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a matricellular and multimodular glycoprotein highly expressed under pathological conditions, especially in cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases. Since a long time TNC is considered as a promising target for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches in anti-cancer treatments and was already extensively targeted in clinical trials on cancer patients. This review provides an overview of the current most advanced strategies used for TNC detection and anti-TNC theranostic approaches including some advanced clinical strategies. We also discuss novel treatment protocols, where targeting immune modulating functions of TNC could be center stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayda Dhaouadi
- Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Balkiss Bouhaouala-Zahar
- Laboratoire des Venins et Biomolécules Thérapeutiques, Institut Pasteur de Tunis, Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia; Faculté de Médecine de Tunis, Université Tunis el Manar, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Gertraud Orend
- INSERM U1109, The Tumor Microenvironment laboratory, Université Strasbourg, Hôpital Civil, Institut d'Hématologie et d'Immunologie, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.
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2
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Purification of antibody fragments via interaction with detergent micellar aggregates. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11697. [PMID: 34083598 PMCID: PMC8175343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90966-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The research described in this report seeks to present proof-of-concept for a novel and robust platform for purification of antibody fragments and to define and optimize the controlling parameters. Purification of antigen-binding F(ab')2 fragments is achieved in the absence of chromatographic media or specific ligands, rather by using clusters of non-ionic detergent (e.g. Tween-60, Brij-O20) micelles chelated via Fe2+ ions and the hydrophobic chelator, bathophenanthroline (batho). These aggregates, quantitatively capture the F(ab')2 fragment in the absence or presence of E. coli lysate and allow extraction of only the F(ab')2 domain at pH 3.8 without concomitant aggregate dissolution or coextraction of bacterial impurities. Process yields range from 70 to 87% by densitometry. Recovered F(ab')2 fragments are monomeric (by dynamic light scattering), preserve their secondary structure (by circular dichroism) and are as pure as those obtained via Protein A chromatography (from a mixture of F(ab')2 and Fc fragments). The effect of process parameters on Ab binding and Ab extraction (e.g. temperature, pH, ionic strength, incubation time, composition of extraction buffer) are reported, using a monoclonal antibody (mAb) and polyclonal human IgG's as test samples.
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3
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Imanaka-Yoshida K. Tenascin-C in Heart Diseases-The Role of Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115828. [PMID: 34072423 PMCID: PMC8198581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoprotein and an original member of the matricellular protein family. TNC is transiently expressed in the heart during embryonic development, but is rarely detected in normal adults; however, its expression is strongly up-regulated with inflammation. Although neither TNC-knockout nor -overexpressing mice show a distinct phenotype, disease models using genetically engineered mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed multiple significant roles for TNC in responses to injury and myocardial repair, particularly in the regulation of inflammation. In most cases, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by aggravating inflammation/fibrosis. Furthermore, accumulating clinical evidence has shown that high TNC levels predict adverse ventricular remodeling and a poor prognosis in patients with various heart diseases. Since the importance of inflammation has attracted attention in the pathophysiology of heart diseases, this review will focus on the roles of TNC in various types of inflammatory reactions, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive fibrosis, myocarditis caused by viral infection or autoimmunity, and dilated cardiomyopathy. The utility of TNC as a biomarker for the stratification of myocardial disease conditions and the selection of appropriate therapies will also be discussed from a clinical viewpoint.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan;
- Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan
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4
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Imanaka-Yoshida K, Tawara I, Yoshida T. Tenascin-C in cardiac disease: a sophisticated controller of inflammation, repair, and fibrosis. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2020; 319:C781-C796. [PMID: 32845719 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00353.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C (TNC) is a large extracellular matrix glycoprotein classified as a matricellular protein that is generally upregulated at high levels during physiological and pathological tissue remodeling and is involved in important biological signaling pathways. In the heart, TNC is transiently expressed at several important steps during embryonic development and is sparsely detected in normal adult heart but is re-expressed in a spatiotemporally restricted manner under pathological conditions associated with inflammation, such as myocardial infarction, hypertensive cardiac fibrosis, myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, and Kawasaki disease. Despite its characteristic and spatiotemporally restricted expression, TNC knockout mice develop a grossly normal phenotype. However, various disease models using TNC null mice combined with in vitro experiments have revealed many important functions for TNC and multiple molecular cascades that control cellular responses in inflammation, tissue repair, and even myocardial regeneration. TNC has context-dependent diverse functions and, thus, may exert both harmful and beneficial effects in damaged hearts. However, TNC appears to deteriorate adverse ventricular remodeling by proinflammatory and profibrotic effects in most cases. Its specific expression also makes TNC a feasible diagnostic biomarker and target for molecular imaging to assess inflammation in the heart. Several preclinical studies have shown the utility of TNC as a biomarker for assessing the prognosis of patients and selecting appropriate therapy, particularly for inflammatory heart diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
| | - Isao Tawara
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
| | - Toshimichi Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Japan
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5
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Practical Application of Periostin as a Biomarker for Pathological Conditions. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1132:195-204. [PMID: 31037636 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6657-4_18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In physiological condition, periostin is expressed in limited tissues such as periodontal ligament, periosteum, and heart valves. Periostin protein is mainly localized on extracellular collagen bundles and in matricellular space. On the other hand, in pathological condition, expression of periostin is induced in disordered tissues of human patients. In tumor development and progression, periostin is elevated mainly in its microenvironment and stromal tissue rich in extracellular matrix. Tumor stromal fibroblasts highly express periostin and organize the tumor-surrounding extracellular matrix architecture. In fibrosis in lung, liver, and kidney, proliferating activated fibroblasts express periostin and replace normal functional tissues with dense connective tissues. In inflammation and allergy, inflammatory cytokines such as IL-4 and IL-13 induce expression of periostin that plays important roles in pathogenesis of these diseases. The elevated levels of periostin in human patients could be detected not only in tissue biopsy samples but also in peripheral bloods using specific antibodies against periostin, because periostin secreted from the disordered tissues is transported into blood vessels and circulates in the cardiovascular system. In this chapter, I introduce the elevated expression of periostin in pathological conditions, and discuss how periostin could be utilized as a biomarker in disease diagnosis.
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Ageyama N, Kurosawa H, Fujimoto O, Uehara T, Hiroe M, Arano Y, Yoshida T, Yasutomi Y, Imanaka-Yoshida K. Successful Inflammation Imaging of Non-Human Primate Hearts Using an Antibody Specific for Tenascin-C. Int Heart J 2018; 60:151-158. [PMID: 30464121 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.17-734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation after myocardial infarction (MI) may be a major factor influencing ventricular remodeling, leading to congestive heart failure and arrhythmia. Therefore, inflammation in the heart needs to be monitored. Tenascin-C (TNC) is an extracellular matrix molecule not normally expressed, but it is strongly upregulated when associated with active inflammation. Based on this characteristic, we successfully imaged in vivo inflammatory lesions in rat models using 111Indium (111In)-labeled anti-TNC antibodies. The aim of the present study was to further assess the applicability of this molecular imaging probe to detect inflammatory activity in primate hearts.We generated an MI model of cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) by coronary artery ligation and performed dual-isotope single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) imaging with an 111In-labeled anti-TNC antibody Fab' fragment (111In-TNC Fab') and 99mtechnetium methoxy-isobutyl isonitrile (99mTc-MIBI). Dual autoradiography was used to compare the uptake of 111In-TNC Fab' with histology and immunostaining for TNC. Dual-isotope SPECT showed the regional myocardial uptake of 111In-TNC Fab' complementary to a defect in the perfusion image by 99mTc-MIBI. The high radioactivity of 111In-TNC Fab' by autoradiography corresponded to immunostaining for TNC, which was observed in inflammatory lesions at the border zone between the infarcted and non-infarcted areas of the left ventricle and at the epi/pericarditis lesions of the right ventricle. These results demonstrate the potential of 111In-TNC-Fab' imaging to monitor myocardial injury and inflammation and suggest the feasibility of the non-invasive detection of cardiac inflammation following acute MI in a preclinical stage before testing in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naohide Ageyama
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | | | | | - Tomoya Uehara
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Radiotherapy, Chiba University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Michiaki Hiroe
- Department of Cardiology, National Center for Global Health and Medicine.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology
| | - Yasushi Arano
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Radiotherapy, Chiba University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
| | - Toshimichi Yoshida
- Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology.,Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Yasuhiro Yasutomi
- Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition
| | - Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology.,Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine
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7
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Imanaka-Yoshida K, Matsumoto KI. Multiple Roles of Tenascins in Homeostasis and Pathophysiology of Aorta. Ann Vasc Dis 2018; 11:169-180. [PMID: 30116408 PMCID: PMC6094038 DOI: 10.3400/avd.ra.17-00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Tenascins are a family of large extracellular matrix (ECM) glycoproteins. Four family members (tenascin-C, -R, -X, and -W) have been identified to date. Each member consists of the same types of structural domains and exhibits time- and tissue-specific expression patterns, suggesting their specific roles in embryonic development and tissue remodeling. Among them, the significant involvement of tenascin-C (TNC) and tenascin-X (TNX) in the progression of vascular diseases has been examined in detail. TNC is strongly up-regulated under pathological conditions, induced by a number of inflammatory mediators and mechanical stress. TNC has diverse functions, particularly in the regulation of inflammatory responses. Recent studies suggest that TNC is involved in the pathophysiology of aneurysmal and dissecting lesions, in part by protecting the vascular wall from destructive mechanical stress. TNX is strongly expressed in vascular walls, and its distribution is often reciprocal to that of TNC. TNX is involved in the stability and maintenance of the collagen network and elastin fibers. A deficiency in TNX results in a form of Ehlers–Danlos syndrome (EDS). Although their exact roles in vascular diseases have not yet been elucidated, TNC and TNX are now being recognized as promising biomarkers for diagnosis and risk stratification of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Imanaka-Yoshida
- Department of Pathology and Matrix Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.,Mie University Research Center for Matrix Biology, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Ken-Ichi Matsumoto
- Department of Biosignaling and Radioisotope Experiment, Interdisciplinary Center for Science Research, Organization for Research and Academic Information, Shimane University, Izumo, Shimane, Japan
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8
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The Roles of Matricellular Proteins in Oncogenic Virus-Induced Cancers and Their Potential Utilities as Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18102198. [PMID: 29065446 PMCID: PMC5666879 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Matricellular proteins differ from other classical extracellular matrix proteins; for instance, they are transiently expressed as soluble proteins rather than being constitutively expressed in pathological conditions, such as acute viral infections. Accumulating studies have revealed that matricellular proteins, including osteopontin and tenascin-C, both of which interact with integrin heterodimers, are involved in inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disorders, and cancers. The concentrations of these matricellular proteins are elevated in the plasma of patients with certain types of cancers, indicating that they play important roles in oncogenesis. Chronic viral infections are associated with certain cancers, which are distinct from non-viral cancers. Viral oncogenes play critical roles in the development and progression of such cancers. It is vital to investigate the mechanisms of tumorigenesis and, particularly, the mechanism by which viral proteins induce tumor progression. Viral proteins have been shown to influence not only the viral-infected cancer cells, but also the stromal cells and matricellular proteins that constitute the extracellular matrix that surrounds tumor tissues. In this review, we summarize the recent progress on the involvement of matricellular proteins in oncogenic virus-induced cancers to elucidate the mechanism of oncogenesis and consider the possible role of matricellular proteins as therapeutic targets in virus-induced cancers.
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Adumeau P, Sharma SK, Brent C, Zeglis BM. Site-Specifically Labeled Immunoconjugates for Molecular Imaging--Part 1: Cysteine Residues and Glycans. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 18:1-17. [PMID: 26754790 PMCID: PMC4722084 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0919-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Due to their remarkable selectivity and specificity for cancer biomarkers, immunoconjugates have emerged as extremely promising vectors for the delivery of diagnostic radioisotopes and fluorophores to malignant tissues. Paradoxically, however, these tools for precision medicine are synthesized in a remarkably imprecise way. Indeed, the vast majority of immunoconjugates are created via the random conjugation of bifunctional probes (e.g., DOTA-NCS) to amino acids within the antibody (e.g., lysines). Yet antibodies have multiple copies of these residues throughout their macromolecular structure, making control over the location of the conjugation reaction impossible. This lack of site specificity can lead to the formation of poorly defined, heterogeneous immunoconjugates with suboptimal in vivo behavior. Over the past decade, interest in the synthesis and development of site-specifically labeled immunoconjugates—both antibody-drug conjugates as well as constructs for in vivo imaging—has increased dramatically, and a number of reports have suggested that these better defined, more homogeneous constructs exhibit improved performance in vivo compared to their randomly modified cousins. In this two-part review, we seek to provide an overview of the various methods that have been developed to create site-specifically modified immunoconjugates for positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, and fluorescence imaging. We will begin with an introduction to the structure of antibodies and antibody fragments. This is followed by the core of the work: sections detailing the four different approaches to site-specific modification strategies based on cysteine residues, glycans, peptide tags, and unnatural amino acids. These discussions will be divided into two installments: cysteine residues and glycans will be detailed in Part 1 of the review, while peptide tags and unnatural amino acids will be addressed in Part 2. Ultimately, we sincerely hope that this review fosters interest and enthusiasm for site-specific immunoconjugates within the nuclear medicine and molecular imaging communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Adumeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Sai Kiran Sharma
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY10065, NY, USA
| | - Colleen Brent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Brian M Zeglis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY10065, NY, USA.
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Martin N, Costa N, Wien F, Winnik FM, Ortega C, Herbet A, Boquet D, Tribet C. Refolding of Aggregation-Prone ScFv Antibody Fragments Assisted by Hydrophobically Modified Poly(sodium acrylate) Derivatives. Macromol Biosci 2016; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Revised: 07/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Martin
- Ecole normale supérieure; PSL Research University; UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS, Département de Chimie; PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; ENS, CNRS, PASTEUR; 75005 Paris France
| | - Narciso Costa
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI; Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Anticorps pour la Santé (LIAS); Bt. 136, CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Frank Wien
- Synchrotron Soleil; Saint-Aubin; F-91192 Gif-sur-Yvette France
| | - Françoise M. Winnik
- Department of Chemistry; Faculty of Pharmacy; Université de Montréal; CP 6128 Succursale Centre Ville Montréal QC H3C 3J7 Canada
- World Premier Initiative (WPI) International Research Center Initiative; International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA) and National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) 1-1Namiki; Tsukuba 305-0044 Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; Helsinki FI 00014 Finland
| | - Céline Ortega
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI; Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Anticorps pour la Santé (LIAS); Bt. 136, CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Amaury Herbet
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI; Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Anticorps pour la Santé (LIAS); Bt. 136, CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Didier Boquet
- CEA, iBiTecS, SPI; Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Anticorps pour la Santé (LIAS); Bt. 136, CEA Saclay F-91191 Gif sur Yvette France
| | - Christophe Tribet
- Ecole normale supérieure; PSL Research University; UPMC Univ Paris 06; CNRS, Département de Chimie; PASTEUR, 24, rue Lhomond 75005 Paris France
- Sorbonne Universités; UPMC Univ Paris 06; ENS, CNRS, PASTEUR; 75005 Paris France
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11
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Antibody Fragments and Their Purification by Protein L Affinity Chromatography. Antibodies (Basel) 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/antib4030259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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12
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Song HN, Jang JH, Kim YW, Kim DH, Park SG, Lee MK, Paek SH, Woo EJ. Refolded scFv antibody fragment against myoglobin shows rapid reaction kinetics. Int J Mol Sci 2014; 15:23658-71. [PMID: 25530617 PMCID: PMC4284786 DOI: 10.3390/ijms151223658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 12/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Myoglobin is one of the early biomarkers for acute myocardial infarction. Recently, we have screened an antibody with unique rapid reaction kinetics toward human myoglobin antigen. Antibodies with rapid reaction kinetics are thought to be an early IgG form produced during early stage of in vivo immunization. We produced a recombinant scFv fragment for the premature antibody from Escherichia coli using refolding technology. The scFv gene was constructed by connection of the V(H)-V(L) sequence with a (Gly4Ser)3 linker. The scFv fragment without the pelB leader sequence was expressed at a high level, but the solubility was extremely low. A high concentration of 8 M urea was used for denaturation. The dilution refolding process in the presence of arginine and the redox reagents GSH and GSSH successfully produced a soluble scFv protein. The resultant refolded scFv protein showed association and dissociation values of 9.32 × 10⁻⁴ M⁻¹·s⁻¹ and 6.29 × 10⁻³ s⁻¹, respectively, with an affinity value exceeding 10⁷ M⁻¹ (k(on)/k(off)), maintaining the original rapid reaction kinetics of the premature antibody. The refolded scFv could provide a platform for protein engineering for the clinical application for diagnosis of heart disease and the development of a continuous biosensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Nam Song
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
| | - Jun-Hyuck Jang
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Korea.
| | - Young-Wan Kim
- Department of Food and Biotechnology, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Korea.
| | - Dong-Hyung Kim
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Korea.
| | - Sung-Goo Park
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
| | - Myung Kyu Lee
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
| | - Se-Hwan Paek
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 339-700, Korea.
| | - Eui-Jeon Woo
- Medical Proteomics Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon 305-806, Korea.
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13
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Hong H, Chen F, Zhang Y, Cai W. New radiotracers for imaging of vascular targets in angiogenesis-related diseases. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2014; 76:2-20. [PMID: 25086372 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Revised: 07/14/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Tremendous advances over the last several decades in positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) allow for targeted imaging of molecular and cellular events in the living systems. Angiogenesis, a multistep process regulated by the network of different angiogenic factors, has attracted world-wide interests, due to its pivotal role in the formation and progression of different diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), and inflammation. In this review article, we will summarize the recent progress in PET or SPECT imaging of a wide variety of vascular targets in three major angiogenesis-related diseases: cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and inflammation. Faster drug development and patient stratification for a specific therapy will become possible with the facilitation of PET or SPECT imaging and it will be critical for the maximum benefit of patients.
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Abstract
In almost all cardiac diseases, an increase in extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition or fibrosis occurs, mostly consisting of collagen I. Whereas replacement fibrosis follows cardiomyocyte loss in myocardial infarction, reactive fibrosis is triggered by myocardial stress or inflammatory mediators and often results in ventricular stiffening, functional deterioration, and development of heart failure. Given the importance of ECM deposition in cardiac disease, ECM imaging could be a valuable clinical tool. Molecular imaging of ECM may help understand pathology, evaluate impact of novel therapy, and may eventually find a role in predicting the extent of ECM expansion and development of personalized treatment. In the current review, we provide an overview of ECM imaging including the assessment of ECM volume and molecular targeting of key players involved in ECM deposition and degradation. The targets comprise myofibroblasts, intracardiac renin-angiotensin axis, matrix metalloproteinases, and matricellular proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans J de Haas
- From Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (H.J.d.H., V.F., J.N.); Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, the Netherlands (H.J.d.H.); Centre for Inherited Cardiovascular Diseases, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy (E.A.); Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (V.F.); and Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, VA (C.M.K.)
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15
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