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Early PL, Kilcawley NA, McArdle NA, Renou M, Kearney SM, Mishra R, Dimov N, Glynn MT, Ducrée J, Kinahan DJ. Digital process control of multi-step assays on centrifugal platforms using high-low-high rotational-pulse triggered valving. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0291165. [PMID: 37682949 PMCID: PMC10490917 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0291165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to their capability for comprehensive sample-to-answer automation, the interest in centrifugal microfluidic systems has greatly increased in industry and academia over the last quarter century. The main applications of these "Lab-on-a-Disc" (LoaD) platforms are in decentralised bioanalytical point-of-use / point-of-care testing. Due to the unidirectional and omnipresent nature of the centrifugal force, advanced flow control is key to coordinate multi-step / multi-reagent assay formats on the LoaD. Formerly, flow control was often achieved by capillary burst valves which require gradual increments of the spin speed of the system-innate spindle motor. Recent advanced introduced a flow control scheme called 'rotational pulse actuated valves'. In these valves the sequence of valve actuation is determined by the architecture of the disc while actuation is triggered by freely programmable upward spike (i.e. Low-High-Low (LHL)) in the rotational frequency. This paradigm shift from conventional 'analogue' burst valves to 'digital' pulsing significantly increases the number of sequential while also improving the overall robustness of flow control. In this work, we expand on these LHL valves by introducing High-Low-High (HLH) pulse-actuated (PA) valving which are actuated by 'downward' spike in the disc spin-rate. These HLH valves are particularly useful for high spin-rate operations such as centrifugation of blood. We introduce two different HLH architectures and then combine the most promising with LHL valves to implement the time-dependent liquid handling protocol underlying a common liver function test panel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip L. Early
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh A. Kilcawley
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Niamh A. McArdle
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Marine Renou
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- Telecom Physique Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Sinéad M. Kearney
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Rohit Mishra
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Nikolay Dimov
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Macdara T. Glynn
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jens Ducrée
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- National Centre for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - David J. Kinahan
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
- School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin, Ireland
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Li P, Li S, Yuan D, Lin K. On-site and high-resolution spectrophotometric measurement of total dissolved sulfide in natural waters. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 863:160919. [PMID: 36529398 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Reliable high-resolution data is essential for understanding the aquatic sulfur biogeochemical processes. However, the accurate quantification of total dissolved sulfide (TDS) remains challenging due to its low concentration and vulnerability to oxidation. Furthermore, the frequency and the spatial coverage of TDS measurements are constrained by the cost of the laboratory analysis. In this study, an automated portable system was developed for on-site real-time measurement of trace TDS in natural waters. This system was based on the classic methylene blue (MB) spectrophotometric assay combined with on-line solid phase extraction (SPE) and flow injection analysis (FIA). A commercially available weak-cation-exchange cartridge was used as the SPE sorbent. Experimental parameters affecting the performance of the proposed system were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, linear calibration range of 0.02-2.50 μmol L-1 was obtained with a sample loading volume of 5.0 mL and a sample throughput of 12 h-1. The limit of detection could be lowered to 0.003 μmol L-1 by pre-concentrating 10.0 mL sample. The precision, determined as the relative standard deviation (RSD), was <2.75 % (n = 11) and the recoveries from spiked samples ranged from 54.4 % to 97.5 % with RSDs of 1.1-2.3 % (n = 3). Furthermore, the FIA-SPE-MB system was successfully deployed in the Taihu Lake for continuous 48 h monitoring of variations in TDS, demonstrating the applicability of this system for on-site TDS measurement in natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Songtao Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Dongxing Yuan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China
| | - Kunde Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, Xiamen 361102, PR China; College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, PR China.
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Regan B, Kinahan D, Daly P, O'Kennedy R, Collins D. Design and fabrication of a low-cost wireless camera imaging system for centrifugal microfluidics. HARDWAREX 2022; 11:e00259. [PMID: 35509901 PMCID: PMC9058586 DOI: 10.1016/j.ohx.2022.e00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Centrifugal microfluidic devices offer a robust method for low-volume fluid handling by combining low-cost instrumentation with highly integrated automation. Crucial to the efficacy of Lab-on-a-Disc (LoaD) device operation is the selection of robust valving technology, the design of on-disc fluidic structures, and accurate control of disc spin-speeds (centrifugal force) during operation. The design and refinement of fluidic and valving structures is often guided by inspecting disc operation using high-speed camera systems. This approach involves synchronising image acquisition with disc rotation to visualise liquid flow through a series of images often presented in a video format. Depending on the decisions taken, such systems can cost from €4,000 upwards. This paper outlines the development of a low-cost centrifugal test-stand with an integrated imaging system using a generic wireless camera to record videos directly to a smartphone device. This imaging system can be fabricated using only 3D printers and a low-cost CNC milling machine from widely available materials for approximately €350. High-fidelity imaging of the entire disc for flow visualisation and the recording of real-time colour intensity measurements are facilitated by this standalone device. A vibration analysis study has been performed to determine the rotational velocity range at which the system can be safely operated. Furthermore, the efficacy of the imaging system has been demonstrated by performing real-time colour intensity measurements of dyed water dilutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Regan
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - David Kinahan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Philip Daly
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Richard O'Kennedy
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
- Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - David Collins
- School of Biotechnology, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
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4
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Kim S, Song J, Kim R, Lee NY, Kim MH, Park HG. Ferrowax microvalves for fully automated serial dilution on centrifugal microfluidic platforms. Biotechnol J 2021; 16:e2100131. [PMID: 34499815 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202100131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We herein describe a centrifugal microfluidic system to accomplish a fully automated serial dilution. The liquid flow on the disc was regulated by utilizing ferrowax microvalves systematically integrated into the channels within specially designed metering structures. By opening the differently positioned microvalves through irradiation of IR laser to allow metering, the same amount of diluent was serially eluted to the dilution chamber from the same diluent chamber. After dilution, the diluted samples were automatically delivered to the respective final product chambers by appropriately opening or closing the microvalves in the connecting channels, followed by rotating the disc. Based on this unique design principle, six consecutive two-fold and 10-fold dilutions were successfully achieved, yielding excellent accuracy in a wide dynamic range up to six orders of magnitude. Very importantly, the overall serial dilution process, including the diluent addition, mixing, and product transfer steps, was completed very rapidly within 5 min, due to the minimized procedures enabled by the automated actuation of the ferrowax microvalves at the rationally designed positions. We expect our centrifugal microfluidic system would serve as a powerful elemental tool to realize fully automated diagnostic microsystems involving the serial dilution process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soohyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jayeon Song
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - RaKyeom Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Nae Yoon Lee
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyun Gyu Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (BK21+ Program), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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5
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Henderson BD, Kinahan DJ, Rio J, Mishra R, King D, Torres-Delgado SM, Mager D, Korvink JG, Ducrée J. Siphon-Controlled Automation on a Lab-on-a-Disc Using Event-Triggered Dissolvable Film Valves. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11030073. [PMID: 33800811 PMCID: PMC8000095 DOI: 10.3390/bios11030073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Within microfluidic technologies, the centrifugal microfluidic “Lab-on-a-Disc” (LoaD) platform offers great potential for use at the PoC and in low-resource settings due to its robustness and the ability to port and miniaturize ‘wet bench’ laboratory protocols. We present the combination of ‘event-triggered dissolvable film valves’ with a centrifugo-pneumatic siphon structure to enable control and timing, through changes in disc spin-speed, of the release and incubations of eight samples/reagents/wash buffers. Based on these microfluidic techniques, we integrated and automated a chemiluminescent immunoassay for detection of the CVD risk factor marker C-reactive protein displaying a limit of detection (LOD) of 44.87 ng mL−1 and limit of quantitation (LoQ) of 135.87 ng mL−1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian D. Henderson
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; (B.D.H.); (J.R.)
| | - David J. Kinahan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland;
- National Center for Sensor Research, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
- I-Form, the SFI Research Centre for Advanced Manufacturing, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
- The Water Institute, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Jeanne Rio
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; (B.D.H.); (J.R.)
| | - Rohit Mishra
- Fraunhofer Project Center, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; (R.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Damien King
- Fraunhofer Project Center, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; (R.M.); (D.K.)
| | - Sarai M. Torres-Delgado
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany; (S.M.T.-D.); (D.M.); (J.G.K.)
| | - Dario Mager
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany; (S.M.T.-D.); (D.M.); (J.G.K.)
| | - Jan G. Korvink
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344 Karlsruhe, Germany; (S.M.T.-D.); (D.M.); (J.G.K.)
| | - Jens Ducrée
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin 9, Ireland; (B.D.H.); (J.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +353-1-700-5377
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6
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Li P, Yuan D, Lin K. Determination of nanomolar dissolved sulfides in water by coupling the classical methylene blue method with surface-enhanced Raman scattering detection. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 248:119162. [PMID: 33221138 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we proposed a novel method for the determination of nanomolar dissolved sulfides, including H2S, HS-, and S2- (defined as S(-II)) in water by coupling the classical methylene blue (MB) method with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) detection. Overall, the following analytical procedures were employed: i) precipitation of S(-II) as zinc sulfide, ii) centrifugation to collect zinc sulfide, iii) derivatization of S(-II) to MB by the reaction with N, N-dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine in the presence of FeCl3 under acidic conditions, and iv) SERS detection. Parameters affecting the derivatization and SERS detection were optimized. Under the optimized conditions, a linear range of 12.3 nmol/L-200 nmol/L for S(-II) was obtained with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99. Limits of detection and quantification of the developed method were estimated to be 3.7 nmol/L and 12.3 nmol/L, respectively. In addition, the proposed method demonstrated excellent tolerance to coexisting substances, such as NO2-, NO3-, SO32-, and other common ions. The proposed method demonstrates immense promise for the determination of nanomolar S(-II) in surface waters and wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Dongxing Yuan
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Kunde Lin
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies, College of the Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China.
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7
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Samak NA, Selim MS, Hao Z, Xing J. Controlled-synthesis of alumina-graphene oxide nanocomposite coupled with DNA/ sulfide fluorophore for eco-friendly “Turn off/on” H2S nanobiosensor. Talanta 2020; 211:120655. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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8
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Hess JF, Zehnle S, Juelg P, Hutzenlaub T, Zengerle R, Paust N. Review on pneumatic operations in centrifugal microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:3745-3770. [PMID: 31596297 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00441f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Centrifugal microfluidics allows for miniaturization, automation and parallelization of laboratory workflows. The fact that centrifugal forces are always directed radially outwards has been considered a main drawback for the implementation of complex workflows leading to the requirement of additional actuation forces for pumping, valving and switching. In this work, we review and discuss the combination of centrifugal with pneumatic forces which enables transport of even complex liquids in any direction on centrifugal systems, provides actuation for valving and switching, offers alternatives for mixing and enables accurate and precise metering and aliquoting. In addition, pneumatics can be employed for timing to carry out any of the above listed unit operations in a sequential and cascaded manner. Firstly, different methods to generate pneumatic pressures are discussed. Then, unit operations and applications that employ pneumatics are reviewed. Finally, a tutorial section discusses two examples to provide insight into the design process. The first tutorial explains a comparatively simple implementation of a pneumatic siphon valve and provides a workflow to derive optimum design parameters. The second tutorial discusses cascaded pneumatic operations consisting of temperature change rate actuated valving and subsequent pneumatic pumping. In conclusion, combining pneumatic actuation with centrifugal microfluidics allows for the design of robust fluidic networks with simple fluidic structures that are implemented in a monolithic fashion. No coatings are required and the overall demands on manufacturing are comparatively low. We see the combination of centrifugal forces with pneumatic actuation as a key enabling technology to facilitate compact and robust automation of biochemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- J F Hess
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - S Zehnle
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - P Juelg
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - T Hutzenlaub
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany and Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - R Zengerle
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany and Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
| | - N Paust
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications, Department of Microsystems Engineering - IMTEK, University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany and Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
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9
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Juelg P, Specht M, Kipf E, Lehnert M, Eckert C, Keller M, Hutzenlaub T, von Stetten F, Zengerle R, Paust N. Automated serial dilutions for high-dynamic-range assays enabled by fill-level-coupled valving in centrifugal microfluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:2205-2219. [PMID: 31139783 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00092e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We introduce a new concept for centrifugal microfluidics that enables fully automated serial dilution generation without any additional means besides temperature control. The key feature is time-independent, serial valving of mixing chambers by fill-level-coupled temperature change rate (FLC-TCR) actuated valving. The automated dilution is realized under continuous rotation which enables reliable control of wetting liquids without the need for any additional fabrication steps such as hydrophobic coating. All fluidic features are implemented in a monolithic fashion and disks are manufactured by foil thermoforming for scalable manufacturing. The new valving concept is demonstrated to reliably prevent valving if the diluted sample is not added to the mixing chamber (n = 30) and ensure valving if the dilution stage is completed (n = 15). The accuracy and precision of automated serial dilutions are verified by on-disk generation of qPCR standard curve dilutions and compared with manually generated reference dilutions. In a first step, the 5-log-stage standard curves are evaluated in a commercial qPCR thermocycler revealing a linearity of R2 ≥ 99.92% for the proposed LabDisk method vs. R2 ≥ 99.67% in manual reference dilutions. In a second step, the disk automated serial dilutions are combined with on-disk qPCR thermocycling and readout, both inside a LabDisk player. A 4-log-stage linearity of R2 ≥ 99.81% and a sensitivity of one leukemia associated ETV6-RUNX1 mutant DNA copy in a background of 100 000 wild-type DNA copies are achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Juelg
- Hahn-Schickard, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
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Torres Delgado SM, Korvink JG, Mager D. The eLoaD platform endows centrifugal microfluidics with on-disc power and communication. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:464-473. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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11
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Torres Delgado SM, Kinahan DJ, Nirupa Julius LA, Mallette A, Ardila DS, Mishra R, Miyazaki CM, Korvink JG, Ducrée J, Mager D. Wirelessly powered and remotely controlled valve-array for highly multiplexed analytical assay automation on a centrifugal microfluidic platform. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 109:214-223. [PMID: 29567566 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 02/09/2018] [Accepted: 03/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we present a wirelessly powered array of 128 centrifugo-pneumatic valves that can be thermally actuated on demand during spinning. The valves can either be triggered by a predefined protocol, wireless signal transmission via Bluetooth, or in response to a sensor monitoring a parameter like the temperature, or homogeneity of the dispersion. Upon activation of a resistive heater, a low-melting membrane (Parafilm™) is removed to vent an entrapped gas pocket, thus letting the incoming liquid wet an intermediate dissolvable film and thereby open the valve. The proposed system allows up to 12 heaters to be activated in parallel, with a response time below 3 s, potentially resulting in 128 actuated valves in under 30 s. We demonstrate, with three examples of common and standard procedures, how the proposed technology could become a powerful tool for implementing diagnostic assays on Lab-on-a-Disc. First, we implement wireless actuation of 64 valves during rotation in a freely programmable sequence, or upon user input in real time. Then, we show a closed-loop centrifugal flow control sequence for which the state of mixing of reagents, evaluated from stroboscopically recorded images, triggers the opening of the valves. In our last experiment, valving and closed-loop control are used to facilitate centrifugal processing of whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraí M Torres Delgado
- Laboratory for Simulation, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, Freiburg im Breisgau 79110, Germany; Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - David J Kinahan
- FPC@DCU - Fraunhofer Project Centre for Embedded Bioanalytical Systems at Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Lourdes Albina Nirupa Julius
- FPC@DCU - Fraunhofer Project Centre for Embedded Bioanalytical Systems at Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Adam Mallette
- FPC@DCU - Fraunhofer Project Centre for Embedded Bioanalytical Systems at Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, United States
| | - David Sáenz Ardila
- Laboratory for Simulation, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, Freiburg im Breisgau 79110, Germany
| | - Rohit Mishra
- FPC@DCU - Fraunhofer Project Centre for Embedded Bioanalytical Systems at Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Celina M Miyazaki
- FPC@DCU - Fraunhofer Project Centre for Embedded Bioanalytical Systems at Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland; Science and Technology Centre for Sustainability, Federal University of São Carlos, Campus Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Jan G Korvink
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
| | - Jens Ducrée
- FPC@DCU - Fraunhofer Project Centre for Embedded Bioanalytical Systems at Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland
| | - Dario Mager
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
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Gorbunova MO, Bayan EM. A rapid field test method for the determination of hydrogen sulfide and sulfides in waters with gas preextraction. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934817100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Emir G, Dilgin Y. Flow Injection Analysis of Sulfide at a Calmagite-Modified Pencil Graphite Electrode. ANAL LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2017.1317782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gamze Emir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Yusuf Dilgin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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14
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Zhu Y, Chen Y, Meng X, Wang J, Lu Y, Xu Y, Cheng J. Comprehensive Study of the Flow Control Strategy in a Wirelessly Charged Centrifugal Microfluidic Platform with Two Rotation Axes. Anal Chem 2017; 89:9315-9321. [PMID: 28764326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Centrifugal microfluidics has been widely applied in the sample-in-answer-out systems for the analyses of nucleic acids, proteins, and small molecules. However, the inherent characteristic of unidirectional fluid propulsion limits the flexibility of these fluidic chips. Providing an extra degree of freedom to allow the unconstrained and reversible pumping of liquid is an effective strategy to address this limitation. In this study, a wirelessly charged centrifugal microfluidic platform with two rotation axes has been constructed and the flow control strategy in such platform with two degrees of freedom was comprehensively studied for the first time. Inductively coupled coils are installed on the platform to achieve wireless power transfer to the spinning stage. A micro servo motor is mounted on both sides of the stage to alter the orientation of the device around a secondary rotation axis on demand during stage rotation. The basic liquid operations on this platform, including directional transport of liquid, valving, metering, and mixing, are comprehensively studied and realized. Finally, a chip for the simultaneous determination of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and methanal in water samples is designed and tested based on the strategy presented in this paper, demonstrating the potential use of this platform for on-site environmental monitoring, food safety testing, and other life science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunzeng Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yiqi Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiangrui Meng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Youchun Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine , Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Cheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Tsinghua University School of Medicine , Beijing 100084, China.,National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology , Beijing 102206, China
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15
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Kinahan DJ, Mangwanya F, Garvey R, Chung DWY, Lipinski A, Julius LAN, King D, Mohammadi M, Mishra R, Al-Ofi M, Miyazaki C, Ducrée J. Automation of Silica Bead-based Nucleic Acid Extraction on a Centrifugal Lab-on-a-Disc Platform. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1088/1742-6596/757/1/012013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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16
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Kinahan DJ, Renou M, Kurzbuch D, Kilcawley NA, Bailey É, Glynn MT, McDonagh C, Ducrée J. Baking Powder Actuated Centrifugo-Pneumatic Valving for Automation of Multi-Step Bioassays. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:E175. [PMID: 30404349 PMCID: PMC6189914 DOI: 10.3390/mi7100175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We report a new flow control method for centrifugal microfluidic systems; CO₂ is released from on-board stored baking powder upon contact with an ancillary liquid. The elevated pressure generated drives the sample into a dead-end pneumatic chamber sealed by a dissolvable film (DF). This liquid incursion wets and dissolves the DF, thus opening the valve. The activation pressure of the DF valve can be tuned by the geometry of the channel upstream of the DF membrane. Through pneumatic coupling with properly dimensioned disc architecture, we established serial cascading of valves, even at a constant spin rate. Similarly, we demonstrate sequential actuation of valves by dividing the disc into a number of distinct pneumatic chambers (separated by DF membranes). Opening these DFs, typically through arrival of a liquid to that location on a disc, permits pressurization of these chambers. This barrier-based scheme provides robust and strictly ordered valve actuation, which is demonstrated by the automation of a multi-step/multi-reagent DNA-based hybridization assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Kinahan
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Marine Renou
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Telecom Physique Strasbourg, Université de Strasbourg, Strasboug CS 10413, France.
| | - Dirk Kurzbuch
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Niamh A Kilcawley
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Éanna Bailey
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Macdara T Glynn
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Colette McDonagh
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Jens Ducrée
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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17
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Detection methods for centrifugal microfluidic platforms. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 76:54-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.06.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2015] [Revised: 06/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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18
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Smith S, Mager D, Perebikovsky A, Shamloo E, Kinahan D, Mishra R, Torres Delgado SM, Kido H, Saha S, Ducrée J, Madou M, Land K, Korvink JG. CD-Based Microfluidics for Primary Care in Extreme Point-of-Care Settings. MICROMACHINES 2016; 7:mi7020022. [PMID: 30407395 PMCID: PMC6190444 DOI: 10.3390/mi7020022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We review the utility of centrifugal microfluidic technologies applied to point-of-care diagnosis in extremely under-resourced environments. The various challenges faced in these settings are showcased, using areas in India and Africa as examples. Measures for the ability of integrated devices to effectively address point-of-care challenges are highlighted, and centrifugal, often termed CD-based microfluidic technologies, technologies are presented as a promising platform to address these challenges. We describe the advantages of centrifugal liquid handling, as well as the ability of a standard CD player to perform a number of common laboratory tests, fulfilling the role of an integrated lab-on-a-CD. Innovative centrifugal approaches for point-of-care in extremely resource-poor settings are highlighted, including sensing and detection strategies, smart power sources and biomimetic inspiration for environmental control. The evolution of centrifugal microfluidics, along with examples of commercial and advanced prototype centrifugal microfluidic systems, is presented, illustrating the success of deployment at the point-of-care. A close fit of emerging centrifugal systems to address a critical panel of tests for under-resourced clinic settings, formulated by medical experts, is demonstrated. This emphasizes the potential of centrifugal microfluidic technologies to be applied effectively to extremely challenging point-of-care scenarios and in playing a role in improving primary care in resource-limited settings across the developing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Smith
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Meiring Naude Road, Brummeria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Dario Mager
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Perebikovsky
- School of Engineering and School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 4200 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697-3975, USA.
| | - Ehsan Shamloo
- School of Engineering and School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 4200 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697-3975, USA.
| | - David Kinahan
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Rohit Mishra
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Saraí M Torres Delgado
- Simulation Laboratory, Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), University of Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau 79085, Germany.
| | - Horacio Kido
- School of Engineering and School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 4200 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697-3975, USA.
| | - Satadal Saha
- Foundation for Innovations in Health and JSV Innovations Private Limited, 44A S P Mukherjee Road, Kolkata 700026, India.
| | - Jens Ducrée
- School of Physical Sciences, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
| | - Marc Madou
- School of Engineering and School of Physical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, 4200 Engineering Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697-3975, USA.
| | - Kevin Land
- Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Meiring Naude Road, Brummeria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
| | - Jan G Korvink
- Institute of Microstructure Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany.
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19
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Gao Z, Tang D, Tang D, Niessner R, Knopp D. Target-induced nanocatalyst deactivation facilitated by core@shell nanostructures for signal-amplified headspace-colorimetric assay of dissolved hydrogen sulfide. Anal Chem 2015; 87:10153-60. [PMID: 26327230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Colorimetric assay platforms for dissolved hydrogen sulfide (H2S) have been developed for more than 100 years, but most still suffer from relatively low sensitivity. One promising route out of this predicament relies on the design of efficient signal amplification methods. Herein, we rationally designed an unprecedented H2S-induced deactivation of (gold core)@(ultrathin platinum shell) nanocatalysts (Au@TPt-NCs) as a highly efficient signal amplification method for ultrasensitive headspace-colorimetric assay of dissolved H2S. Upon target introduction, Au@TPt-NCs were deactivated to different degrees dependent on H2S levels, and the degrees could be indicated by using a Au@TPt-NCs-triggered catalytic system as a signal amplifier, thus paving a way for H2S sensing. The combination of experimental studies and density functional theory (DFT) studies revealed that the Au@TPt-NCs with only 2-monolayer equivalents of Pt (θPt = 2) were superior for H2S-induced nanocatalyst deactivation owing to their enhanced peroxidase-like catalytic activity and deactivation efficiency stemmed from the unique synergistic structural/electronic effects between Au nanocores and ultrathin Pt nanoshells. Importantly, our analytical results showed that the designed method was indeed highly sensitive for sensing H2S with a wide linear range of 10-100 nM, a slope of 0.013 in the regression equation, and a low detection limit of 7.5 nM. Also the selectivity, reproducibility, and precision were excellent. Furthermore, the method was validated for the analysis of H2S-spiked real samples, and the recovery in all cases was 91.6-106.7%. With the merits of high sensitivity and selectivity, simplification, low cost, and visual readout with the naked eye, the colorimetric method has the potential to be utilized as an effective detection kit for point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuangqiang Gao
- Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (Fujian Province & Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Dianyong Tang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Environmental Materials & Remediation Technologies, College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences , Chongqing 402160, P. R. China
| | - Dianping Tang
- Institute of Nanomedicine and Nanobiosensing, Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety (Fujian Province & Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University , Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Reinhard Niessner
- Chair for Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technische Universität München , Marchioninistrasse 17, D-81377 München, Germany
| | - Dietmar Knopp
- Chair for Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Hydrochemistry, Technische Universität München , Marchioninistrasse 17, D-81377 München, Germany
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20
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Yuan Z, Lu F, Peng M, Wang CW, Tseng YT, Du Y, Cai N, Lien CW, Chang HT, He Y, Yeung ES. Selective Colorimetric Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Based on Primary Amine-Active Ester Cross-Linking of Gold Nanoparticles. Anal Chem 2015; 87:7267-73. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqin Yuan
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Fengniu Lu
- International
Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba 305-0047, Japan
| | - Meihua Peng
- Metabolic
Syndrome Research Center, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, P. R. China
| | - Chia-Wei Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Tseng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yi Du
- Inspection
and Testing Center for Agro-product Safety and Environment Quality, Institute of Applied Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences (IAE CAS), 72 Wenhua
Road, Shenyang 110016, P. R. China
| | - Na Cai
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Chia-Wen Lien
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Huan-Tsung Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yan He
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Edward S. Yeung
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, State Key
Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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21
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Rapid prototyping of pneumatically actuated hydrocarbon gel valves for centrifugal microfluidic devices. Talanta 2015; 134:443-447. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.11.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 11/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Strohmeier O, Keller M, Schwemmer F, Zehnle S, Mark D, von Stetten F, Zengerle R, Paust N. Centrifugal microfluidic platforms: advanced unit operations and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:6187-229. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00371c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Review on miniaturization, integration, and automation of laboratory processes within centrifugal microfluidic platforms. For efficient implementation of applications, building blocks are categorized into unit operations and process chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Strohmeier
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - M. Keller
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - F. Schwemmer
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
- University of Freiburg
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
| | | | - D. Mark
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - F. von Stetten
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - R. Zengerle
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
| | - N. Paust
- Hahn-Schickard
- 79110 Freiburg
- Germany
- Laboratory for MEMS Applications
- IMTEK – Department of Microsystems Engineering
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23
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Kinahan DJ, Kearney SM, Faneuil OP, Glynn MT, Dimov N, Ducrée J. Paper imbibition for timing of multi-step liquid handling protocols on event-triggered centrifugal microfluidic lab-on-a-disc platforms. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra14887h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Imbibition of liquid along a paper strip offers enhanced flow control of dissolvable film valve on the centrifugal platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J. Kinahan
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute
- National Centre of Sensor Research
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - Sinéad M. Kearney
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute
- National Centre of Sensor Research
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - Olivier P. Faneuil
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute
- National Centre of Sensor Research
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - Macdara T. Glynn
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute
- National Centre of Sensor Research
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - Nikolay Dimov
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute
- National Centre of Sensor Research
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
| | - Jens Ducrée
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute
- National Centre of Sensor Research
- Dublin City University
- Dublin 9
- Ireland
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24
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Kinahan DJ, Kearney SM, Dimov N, Glynn MT, Ducrée J. Event-triggered logical flow control for comprehensive process integration of multi-step assays on centrifugal microfluidic platforms. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:2249-58. [PMID: 24811251 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00380b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The centrifugal "lab-on-a-disc" concept has proven to have great potential for process integration of bioanalytical assays, in particular where ease-of-use, ruggedness, portability, fast turn-around time and cost efficiency are of paramount importance. Yet, as all liquids residing on the disc are exposed to the same centrifugal field, an inherent challenge of these systems remains the automation of multi-step, multi-liquid sample processing and subsequent detection. In order to orchestrate the underlying bioanalytical protocols, an ample palette of rotationally and externally actuated valving schemes has been developed. While excelling with the level of flow control, externally actuated valves require interaction with peripheral instrumentation, thus compromising the conceptual simplicity of the centrifugal platform. In turn, for rotationally controlled schemes, such as common capillary burst valves, typical manufacturing tolerances tend to limit the number of consecutive laboratory unit operations (LUOs) that can be automated on a single disc. In this paper, a major advancement on recently established dissolvable film (DF) valving is presented; for the very first time, a liquid handling sequence can be controlled in response to completion of preceding liquid transfer event, i.e. completely independent of external stimulus or changes in speed of disc rotation. The basic, event-triggered valve configuration is further adapted to leverage conditional, large-scale process integration. First, we demonstrate a fluidic network on a disc encompassing 10 discrete valving steps including logical relationships such as an AND-conditional as well as serial and parallel flow control. Then we present a disc which is capable of implementing common laboratory unit operations such as metering and selective routing of flows. Finally, as a pilot study, these functions are integrated on a single disc to automate a common, multi-step lab protocol for the extraction of total RNA from mammalian cell homogenate.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Kinahan
- Biomedical Diagnostics Institute, Dublin City University, Glasnevin, Dublin 9, Ireland.
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25
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Czugala M, Maher D, Collins F, Burger R, Hopfgartner F, Yang Y, Zhaou J, Ducrée J, Smeaton A, Fraser KJ, Benito-Lopez F, Diamond D. CMAS: fully integrated portable centrifugal microfluidic analysis system for on-site colorimetric analysis. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra42975j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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