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Kondengadan SM, Wang B. Quantitative Factors Introduced in the Feasibility Analysis of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Sensitive Triggers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403880. [PMID: 38630918 PMCID: PMC11192588 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are critical for cellular signaling. Various pathophysiological conditions are also associated with elevated levels of ROS. Hence, ROS-sensitive triggers have been extensively used for selective payload delivery. Such applications are predicated on two key functions: (1) a sufficient magnitude of concentration difference for the interested ROS between normal tissue/cells and intended sites and (2) appropriate reaction kinetics to ensure a sufficient level of selectivity for payload release. Further, ROS refers to a group of species with varying reactivity, which should not be viewed as a uniform group. In this review, we critically analyze data on the concentrations of different ROS species under various pathophysiological conditions and examine how reaction kinetics affect the success of ROS-sensitive linker chemistry. Further, we discuss different ROS linker chemistry in the context of their applications in drug delivery and imaging. This review brings new insights into research in ROS-triggered delivery, highlights factors to consider in maximizing the chance for success and discusses pitfalls to avoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shameer M. Kondengadan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Binghe Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
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2
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Song K, Hwang SJ, Jeon Y, Yoon Y. The Biomedical Applications of Biomolecule Integrated Biosensors for Cell Monitoring. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6336. [PMID: 38928042 PMCID: PMC11204277 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cell monitoring is essential for understanding the physiological conditions and cell abnormalities induced by various stimuli, such as stress factors, microbial invasion, and diseases. Currently, various techniques for detecting cell abnormalities and metabolites originating from specific cells are employed to obtain information on cells in terms of human health. Although the states of cells have traditionally been accessed using instrument-based analysis, this has been replaced by various sensor systems equipped with new materials and technologies. Various sensor systems have been developed for monitoring cells by recognizing biological markers such as proteins on cell surfaces, components on plasma membranes, secreted metabolites, and DNA sequences. Sensor systems are classified into subclasses, such as chemical sensors and biosensors, based on the components used to recognize the targets. In this review, we aim to outline the fundamental principles of sensor systems used for monitoring cells, encompassing both biosensors and chemical sensors. Specifically, we focus on biosensing systems in terms of the types of sensing and signal-transducing elements and introduce recent advancements and applications of biosensors. Finally, we address the present challenges in biosensor systems and the prospects that should be considered to enhance biosensor performance. Although this review covers the application of biosensors for monitoring cells, we believe that it can provide valuable insights for researchers and general readers interested in the advancements of biosensing and its further applications in biomedical fields.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Youngdae Yoon
- Department of Environmental Health Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea; (K.S.); (S.-J.H.)
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3
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Spitz S, Schobesberger S, Brandauer K, Ertl P. Sensor-integrated brain-on-a-chip platforms: Improving the predictive validity in neurodegenerative research. Bioeng Transl Med 2024; 9:e10604. [PMID: 38818126 PMCID: PMC11135156 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Affecting millions of individuals worldwide, neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) pose a significant and growing health concern in people over the age of 60 years. Contributing to this trend are the steady increase in the aging population coupled with a persistent lack of disease-altering treatment strategies targeting NDDs. The absence of efficient therapeutics can be attributed to high failure rates in clinical trials and the ineptness of animal models in preceding preclinical studies. To that end, in recent years, significant research effort has been dedicated to the development of human cell-based preclinical disease models characterized by a higher degree of predictive validity. However, a key requirement of any in vitro model constitutes the precise knowledge and replication of the target tissues' (patho-)physiological microenvironment. Herein, microphysiological systems have demonstrated superiority over conventional static 2D/3D in vitro cell culture systems, as they allow for the emulation and continuous monitoring of the onset, progression, and remission of disease-associated phenotypes. This review provides an overview of recent advances in the field of NDD research using organ-on-a-chip platforms. Specific focus is directed toward non-invasive sensing strategies encompassing electrical, electrochemical, and optical sensors. Additionally, promising on- and integrable off-chip sensing strategies targeting key analytes in NDDs will be presented and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Spitz
- Faculty of Technical ChemistryVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
- Present address:
Department of Mechanical Engineering and Biological EngineeringMassachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMassachusettsUSA
| | | | | | - Peter Ertl
- Faculty of Technical ChemistryVienna University of TechnologyViennaAustria
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4
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de Hoyos-Vega JM, Gonzalez-Suarez AM, Cedillo-Alcantar DF, Stybayeva G, Matveyenko A, Malhi H, Garcia-Cordero JL, Revzin A. Microfluidic 3D hepatic cultures integrated with a droplet-based bioanalysis unit. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115896. [PMID: 38176252 PMCID: PMC10916504 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
A common challenge in microfluidic cell cultures has to do with analysis of cell function without replacing a significant fraction of the culture volume and disturbing local concentration gradients of signals. To address this challenge, we developed a microfluidic cell culture device with an integrated bioanalysis unit to enable on-chip analysis of picoliter volumes of cell-conditioned media. The culture module consisted of an array of 140 microwells with a diameter of 300 m which were made low-binding to promote organization of cells into 3D spheroids. The bioanalysis module contained a droplet generator unit, 15 micromechanical valves and reservoirs loaded with reagents. Each 0.8 nL droplet contained an aliquot of conditioned media mixed with assay reagents. The use of microvalves allowed us to load enzymatic assay and immunoassay into sequentially generated droplets for detection of glucose and albumin, respectively. As a biological application of the microfluidic device, we evaluated hormonal stimulation and glucose consumption of hepatic spheroids. To mimic physiological processes occurring during feeding and fasting, hepatic spheroids were exposed to pancreatic hormones, insulin or glucagon. The droplet-based bioanalysis module was used to measure uptake or release of glucose upon hormonal stimulation. In the future, we intend to use this microfluidic device to mimic and measure pathophysiological processes associated with hepatic insulin resistance and diabetes in the context of metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M de Hoyos-Vega
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - Diana F Cedillo-Alcantar
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Aleksey Matveyenko
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Harmeet Malhi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, MN, USA
| | - Jose L Garcia-Cordero
- Laboratory of Microtechnologies Applied to Biomedicine, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados (Cinvestav), Monterrey, NL, Mexico
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
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5
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Wei X, Reddy VS, Gao S, Zhai X, Li Z, Shi J, Niu L, Zhang D, Ramakrishna S, Zou X. Recent advances in electrochemical cell-based biosensors for food analysis: Strategies for sensor construction. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 248:115947. [PMID: 38181518 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Owing to their advantages such as great specificity, sensitivity, rapidity, and possibility of noninvasive and real-time monitoring, electrochemical cell-based biosensors (ECBBs) have been a powerful tool for food analysis encompassing the areas of nutrition, flavor, and safety. Notably, the distinctive biological relevance of ECBBs enables them to mimic physiological environments and reflect cellular behaviors, leading to valuable insights into the biological function of target components in food. Compared with previous reviews, this review fills the current gap in the narrative of ECBB construction strategies. The review commences by providing an overview of the materials and configuration of ECBBs, including cell types, cell immobilization strategies, electrode modification materials, and electrochemical sensing types. Subsequently, a detailed discussion is presented on the fabrication strategies of ECBBs in food analysis applications, which are categorized based on distinct signal sources. Lastly, we summarize the merits, drawbacks, and application scope of these diverse strategies, and discuss the current challenges and future perspectives of ECBBs. Consequently, this review provides guidance for the design of ECBBs with specific functions and promotes the application of ECBBs in food analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoou Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Vundrala Sumedha Reddy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
| | - Shipeng Gao
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Xiaodong Zhai
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Zhihua Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jiyong Shi
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Lidan Niu
- Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China
| | - Di Zhang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China; Key Laboratory of Condiment Supervision Technology for State Market Regulation, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing 401121, PR China.
| | - Seeram Ramakrishna
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore.
| | - Xiaobo Zou
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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6
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Shahriari S, Selvaganapathy PR. Integration of hydrogels into microfluidic devices with porous membranes as scaffolds enables their drying and reconstitution. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2022; 16:054108. [PMID: 36313189 PMCID: PMC9616609 DOI: 10.1063/5.0100589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are a critical component of many microfluidic devices. They have been used in cell culture applications, biosensors, gradient generators, separation microdevices, micro-actuators, and microvalves. Various techniques have been utilized to integrate hydrogels into microfluidic devices such as flow confinement and gel photopolymerization. However, in these methods, hydrogels are typically introduced in post processing steps which add complexity, cost, and extensive fabrication steps to the integration process and can be prone to user induced variations. Here, we introduce an inexpensive method to locally integrate hydrogels into microfluidic devices during the fabrication process without the need for post-processing. In this method, porous and fibrous membranes such as electrospun membranes are used as scaffolds to hold gels and they are patterned using xurography. Hydrogels in various shapes as small as 200 μm can be patterned using this method in a scalable manner. The electrospun scaffold facilitates drying and reconstitution of these gels without loss of shape or leakage that is beneficial in a number of applications. Such reconstitution is not feasible using other hydrogel integration techniques. Therefore, this method is suitable for long time storage of hydrogels in devices which is useful in point-of-care (POC) devices. This hydrogel integration method was used to demonstrate gel electrophoretic concentration and quantification of short DNA (150 bp) with different concentrations in rehydrated agarose embedded in electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) membrane. This can be developed further to create a POC device to quantify cell-free DNA, which is a prognostic biomarker for severe sepsis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shadi Shahriari
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario L8S 4L7, Canada
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7
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Patterning meets gels: Advances in engineering functional gels at micro/nanoscales for soft devices. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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8
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Fuchs S, Johansson S, Tjell AØ, Werr G, Mayr T, Tenje M. In-Line Analysis of Organ-on-Chip Systems with Sensors: Integration, Fabrication, Challenges, and Potential. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:2926-2948. [PMID: 34133114 PMCID: PMC8278381 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Organ-on-chip systems are promising new in vitro research tools in medical, pharmaceutical, and biological research. Their main benefit, compared to standard cell culture platforms, lies in the improved in vivo resemblance of the cell culture environment. A critical aspect of these systems is the ability to monitor both the cell culture conditions and biological responses of the cultured cells, such as proliferation and differentiation rates, release of signaling molecules, and metabolic activity. Today, this is mostly done using microscopy techniques and off-chip analytical techniques and assays. Integrating in situ analysis methods on-chip enables improved time resolution, continuous measurements, and a faster read-out; hence, more information can be obtained from the developed organ and disease models. Integrated electrical, electrochemical, and optical sensors have been developed and used for chemical analysis in lab-on-a-chip systems for many years, and recently some of these sensing principles have started to find use in organ-on-chip systems as well. This perspective review describes the basic sensing principles, sensor fabrication, and sensor integration in organ-on-chip systems. The review also presents the current state of the art of integrated sensors and discusses future potential. We bring a technological perspective, with the aim of introducing in-line sensing and its promise to advance organ-on-chip systems and the challenges that lie in the integration to researchers without expertise in sensor technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie Fuchs
- Institute
for Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sofia Johansson
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 35, 751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Anders Ø. Tjell
- Institute
for Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Gabriel Werr
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 35, 751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Torsten Mayr
- Institute
for Analytical Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Maria Tenje
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 35, 751 03 Uppsala, Sweden
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9
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Electrochemiluminescence Analysis of Hydrogen Peroxide Using L012 Modified Electrodes. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-020-00134-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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11
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Dervisevic E, Tuck KL, Voelcker NH, Cadarso VJ. Recent Progress in Lab-On-a-Chip Systems for the Monitoring of Metabolites for Mammalian and Microbial Cell Research. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 19:E5027. [PMID: 31752167 PMCID: PMC6891382 DOI: 10.3390/s19225027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lab-on-a-chip sensing technologies have changed how cell biology research is conducted. This review summarises the progress in the lab-on-a-chip devices implemented for the detection of cellular metabolites. The review is divided into two subsections according to the methods used for the metabolite detection. Each section includes a table which summarises the relevant literature and also elaborates the advantages of, and the challenges faced with that particular method. The review continues with a section discussing the achievements attained due to using lab-on-a-chip devices within the specific context. Finally, a concluding section summarises what is to be resolved and discusses the future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esma Dervisevic
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Kellie L. Tuck
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
| | - Nicolas H. Voelcker
- Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (MIPS), Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia;
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization (CSIRO), Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia
- The Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Australian National Fabrication Facility-Victorian Node, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Victor J. Cadarso
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia;
- The Melbourne Centre for Nanofabrication, Australian National Fabrication Facility-Victorian Node, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
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12
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Shi J, Tong L, Tong W, Chen H, Lan M, Sun X, Zhu Y. Current progress in long-term and continuous cell metabolite detection using microfluidics. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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13
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Cedillo-Alcantar DF, Han YD, Choi J, Garcia-Cordero JL, Revzin A. Automated Droplet-Based Microfluidic Platform for Multiplexed Analysis of Biochemical Markers in Small Volumes. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5133-5141. [PMID: 30834743 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The ability to detect multiple analytes in a small sample volume has significance for numerous areas of research, including organs-on-chip, small animal experiments, and neonatology. The objective of this study was to develop an automated microfluidics platform for multiplexed detection of analytes in microliter sample volumes. This platform employed computer-controlled microvalves to create laminar co-flows of sample and assay reagent solutions. It also contained valve-regulated cross-junction for discretizing sample/reagent mixtures into water-in-oil droplets. Microfluidic automation allowed us to control parameters related to frequency of droplet generation and the number of droplets of the same composition, as well as the size of droplets. Each droplet represented an individual enzymatic assay carried out in a sub-nanoliter (0.8 nL) volume reactor. An enzymatic reaction involving target analyte and assay reagents produced colorimetric or fluorescent signals in droplets. Importantly, intensity of optical signal was proportional to the concentration of analyte in question. This microfluidic bioanalysis platform was used in conjunction with commercial "mix-detect" assays for glucose, total bile acids, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). After characterizing these assays individually, we demonstrated sensitive multiplexed detection of three analytes from as little as 3 μL. In fact, this volume was sufficient to generate multiple repeat droplets for each of the three biochemical assays as well as positive control droplets, confirming the quality of assay reagents and negative control droplets to help with background subtraction. One potential application for this microfluidic bioanalysis platform involves sampling cell-conditioned media in organ-on-chip devices. To highlight this application, hepatocyte spheroids were established in microfluidic devices, injured on-chip by exposure to lipotoxic agent (palmitate), and then connected to the bioanalysis module for daily monitoring of changes in cytotoxicity (LDH), energy metabolism (glucose), and liver function (total bile acids). Microfluidic in-droplet assays revealed increased levels of LDH as well as reduction in bile acid synthesis-results that were consistent with hepatic injury. Importantly, these experiments highlighted the fact that in-droplet assays were sufficiently sensitive to detect changes in functional output of a relatively small (∼100) number of hepatocyte spheroids cultured in a microfluidic device. Moving forward, we foresee increasing the multiplexing capability of this technology and applying this platform to other biological/medical scenarios where detection of multiple analytes from a small sample volume is desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana F Cedillo-Alcantar
- Unidad Monterrey , Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Vía del Conocimiento 201 , Parque PIIT, Apodaca , Nuevo León CP 66628 , México.,Mayo Clinic , Rochester , Minnesota 55905 , United States
| | - Yong Duk Han
- Mayo Clinic , Rochester , Minnesota 55905 , United States
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- Mayo Clinic , Rochester , Minnesota 55905 , United States
| | - Jose L Garcia-Cordero
- Unidad Monterrey , Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional , Vía del Conocimiento 201 , Parque PIIT, Apodaca , Nuevo León CP 66628 , México
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Rahimian A, Siltanen C, Feyzizarnagh H, Escalante P, Revzin A. Microencapsulated Immunoassays for Detection of Cytokines in Human Blood. ACS Sens 2019; 4:578-585. [PMID: 30776214 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are produced by leukocytes in blood and may be used as indicators of malignancies or infections. The objective of this study was to develop a strategy for immunosensing cytokines in whole, unprocessed human blood. Microfluidic droplet generation was employed to fabricate ∼400 μm diameter microcapsules with a hydrogel shell and an aqueous core containing sensing microbeads. The hydrogel shell was composed of poly(ethylene glycol) forming a thin (∼10 μm) immunoisolation layer protecting antibody-modified microbeads inside the capsule from immune cells on the outside. The microbeads were functionalized with antibodies against cytokines of interest: interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. While nonfouling, a hydrogel shell was permeable to cytokine molecules; these molecules were captured on microbeads and were detected with fluorescently labeled secondary antibodies. Calibration of encapsulated immunoassays with known concentrations of cytokines revealed a limit of detection of 14.8 and 14.4 pM for IFN-γ and TNF-α, respectively. We also demonstrated the concept of multi-cytokine detection by fabricating distinct populations of capsules carrying either anti-IFN-γ or anti-TNF-α microbeads and dispensing these capsules into a solution containing both cytokine types. Importantly, when placed into whole blood for 16 h, microcapsules were free of leukocytes, effectively protecting sensing beads from the blood components. To further demonstrate utility of this strategy, encapsulated microbeads were used for detection of IFN-γ in blood of patients with latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and unexposed healthy controls. When compared to gold standard technology (interferon gamma release assay or IGRA), our encapsulated immunoassay accurately predicted LTBI diagnosis in 11 out of 14 patients. Overall, encapsulation of immunoassays represents a promising strategy for keeping sensing elements operational in a highly fouling complex environment such as blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Rahimian
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Campus, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Christian Siltanen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Hamid Feyzizarnagh
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Campus, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Patricio Escalante
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Mayo Clinic Center for Tuberculosis, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Campus, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester Campus, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
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15
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Liang X, Li W, Han H, Ma Z. Non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor based on Cu2O/AuCu/Cu composite for hydrogen peroxide detection. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2018.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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16
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Narayanan JS, Slaughter G. Gold foil-based biosensor for the determination of hydrogen peroxide. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE 2018; 2018:2885-2888. [PMID: 30441004 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2018.8512851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide ($\text{H}_{\mathbf {2}} \mathbf {O} _{\mathbf {2}}$) plays a critical role in the regulation of multifarious physiological processes. We developed a sensor containing a mercaptopropionic acid (MPA) monolayer covalently immobilized with Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme for the electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide ($\textbf{H}_{\mathbf {2}} \mathbf {O} _{\mathbf {2}}$). A gold foil substrate was chemically treated with nitric acid and were used as working electrode. Platinum wire and Ag-Ag/Cl were used as counter and reference electrodes, respectively. The acid treated gold electrode with the immobilized enzyme shown to have improved catalytic activity in the reduction of $\textbf{H}_{\mathbf {2}} \mathbf {O} _{\mathbf {2}}$. The steady-state current response increases linearly with $\textbf{H}_{\mathbf {2}} \mathbf {O} _{\mathbf {2}}$ concentration from 10 $\mu \textbf{M}$ to 9 mM with a low detection limit of 60 $\mu \textbf{M}$ and showed a sensitivity of 0.4 mA/ mM cm$^{\mathbf {2}}$. This electrochemical sensor is demonstrated to be highly selective and sensitive in the presence of interfering analytes. The improved activity and simple preparation method of the electrode makes the MPAHRP modified gold electrode promising for being developed as an attractive robust material for electrochemical $\textbf{H}_{\mathbf {2}} \mathbf {O} _{\mathbf {2}}$ sensing.
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17
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Narayanan JS, Slaughter G. AuNPs-HRP microneedle biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of hydrogen peroxide for organ preservation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/mds3.10015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeyaraman S. Narayanan
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering; University of Maryland Baltimore County and Bioelectronics Laboratory; Baltimore Maryland
| | - Gymama Slaughter
- Department of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering; University of Maryland Baltimore County and Bioelectronics Laboratory; Baltimore Maryland
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18
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Development of a flow microsensor for selective detection of nitric oxide in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.07.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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19
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Liu Y, Rahimian A, Krylyuk S, Vu T, Crulhas B, Stybayeva G, Imanbekova M, Shin DS, Davydov A, Revzin A. Nanowire Aptasensors for Electrochemical Detection of Cell-Secreted Cytokines. ACS Sens 2017; 2:1644-1652. [PMID: 28991491 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Cytokines are small proteins secreted by immune cells in response to pathogens/infections; therefore, these proteins can be used in diagnosing infectious diseases. For example, release of a cytokine interferon (IFN)-γ from T-cells is used for blood-based diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). Our lab has previously developed an atpamer-based electrochemical biosensor for rapid and sensitive detection of IFN-γ. In this study, we explored the use of silicon nanowires (NWs) as a way to create nanostructured electrodes with enhanced sensitivity for IFN-γ. Si NWs were covered with gold and were further functionalized with thiolated aptamers specific for IFN-γ. Aptamer molecules were designed to form a hairpin and in addition to terminal thiol groups contained redox reporter molecules methylene blue. Binding of analyte to aptamer-modified NWs (termed here nanowire aptasensors) inhibited electron transfer from redox reporters to the electrode and caused electrochemical redox signal to decrease. In a series of experiments we demonstrate that NW aptasensors responded 3× faster and were 2× more sensitive to IFN-γ compared to standard flat electrodes. Most significantly, NW aptasensors allowed detection of IFN-γ from as few as 150 T-cells/mL while ELISA did not pick up signal from the same number of cells. One of the challenges faced by ELISA-based TB diagnostics is poor performance in patients whose T-cell numbers are low, typically HIV patients. Therefore, NW aptasensors developed here may be used in the future for more sensitive monitoring of IFN-γ responses in patients coinfected with HIV/TB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Ali Rahimian
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Sergiy Krylyuk
- Materials
Science and Engineering Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute
for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Tam Vu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruno Crulhas
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- National Center for Biotechnology of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
- Department
of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
| | - Meruyert Imanbekova
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- National Center for Biotechnology of the Republic of Kazakhstan, 010000 Astana, Kazakhstan
| | - Dong-Sik Shin
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Sookmyung Women’s University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Albert Davydov
- Materials
Science and Engineering Division, Materials Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Institute
for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department
of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, United States
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20
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Continuous electrochemical detection of hydrogen peroxide by Au-Ag bimetallic nanoparticles in microfluidic devices. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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21
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Sekretaryova AN, Eriksson M, Turner AP. Bioelectrocatalytic systems for health applications. Biotechnol Adv 2016; 34:177-97. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 12/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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22
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Detection of hydrogen peroxide releasing from prostate cancer cell using a biosensor. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3182-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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23
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Shin DS, Matharu Z, You J, Siltanen C, Vu T, Raghunathan VK, Stybayeva G, Hill AE, Revzin A. Sensing Conductive Hydrogels for Rapid Detection of Cytokines in Blood. Adv Healthc Mater 2016; 5:659-64, 627. [PMID: 26799538 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201500571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Revised: 11/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Conducting polymer hydrogel is fabricated atop gold or ITO electrodes and is functionalized with monoclonal antibodies. Binding of interferon-γ molecules causes redox properties of conductive hydrogel to change in a concentration-dependent fashion without the need for washing or sample handling steps. This conductive hydrogel remains functional in a fouling media such as whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Sik Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
- Department of Medical & Pharmaceutical Sciences; Sookmyung Women's University; Seoul 140-742 Republic of Korea
| | - Zimple Matharu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Jungmok You
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
- Department of Plant & Environmental New Resources; Kyung Hee University; Yongin 446-701 Republic of Korea
| | - Christian Siltanen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Tam Vu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Vijay Krishna Raghunathan
- Department of Surgical & Radiological Sciences; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Ashley E. Hill
- California Animal Health and Food Safety Laboratory; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering; University of California; Davis CA 95616 USA
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24
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Lafleur JP, Jönsson A, Senkbeil S, Kutter JP. Recent advances in lab-on-a-chip for biosensing applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 76:213-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Revised: 07/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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25
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Zhou Q, Patel D, Kwa T, Haque A, Matharu Z, Stybayeva G, Gao Y, Diehl AM, Revzin A. Liver injury-on-a-chip: microfluidic co-cultures with integrated biosensors for monitoring liver cell signaling during injury. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:4467-78. [PMID: 26480303 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc00874c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Tissue injury triggers complex communication between cells via secreted signaling molecules such as cytokines and growth factors. Discerning when and where these signals begin and how they propagate over time is very challenging with existing cell culture and analysis tools. The goal of this study was to develop new tools in the form of microfluidic co-cultures with integrated biosensors for local and continuous monitoring of secreted signals. Specifically, we focused on how alcohol injury affects TGF-β signaling between two liver cell types, hepatocytes and stellate cells. Activation of stellate cells happens early during liver injury and is at the center of liver fibrosis. We demonstrated that alcohol injury to microfluidic co-cultures caused significantly higher levels of stellate cell activation compared to conditioned media and transwell injury experiments. This highlighted the advantage of the microfluidic co-culture: placement of two cell types in close proximity to ensure high local concentrations of injury-promoting secreted signals. Next, we developed a microsystem consisting of five chambers, two for co-culturing hepatocytes with stellate cells and three additional chambers containing miniature aptamer-modified electrodes for monitoring secreted TGF-β. Importantly, the walls separating microfluidic chambers were actuatable; they could be raised or lowered to create different configurations of the device. The use of reconfigurable microfluidics and miniature biosensors revealed that alcohol injury causes hepatocytes to secrete TGF-β molecules, which diffuse over to neighboring stellate cells and trigger production of additional TGF-β from stellate cells. Our results lend credence to the emerging view of hepatocytes as active participants of liver injury. Broadly speaking, our microsystem makes it possible to monitor paracrine crosstalk between two cell types communicating via the same signaling molecule (e.g. TGF-β).
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Dipali Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Timothy Kwa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Amranul Haque
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Zimple Matharu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Gulnaz Stybayeva
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Yandong Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences, Davis, CA, USA.
| | - Anna Mae Diehl
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Duke University, 595 LaSalle Street, Snyderman Building, Suite 1073, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, 451 Health Sciences, Davis, CA, USA.
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26
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Randviir EP, Banks CE. Electrode substrate innovation for electrochemical detection in microchip electrophoresis. Electrophoresis 2015; 36:1845-53. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201500153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Edward P. Randviir
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Faculty of Science and Engineering; School of Chemistry and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University; Lancs UK
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Division of Chemistry and Environmental Science; Faculty of Science and Engineering; School of Chemistry and the Environment, Manchester Metropolitan University; Lancs UK
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27
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Abstract
Biosensors first appeared several decades ago to address the need for monitoring physiological parameters such as oxygen or glucose in biological fluids such as blood. More recently, a new wave of biosensors has emerged in order to provide more nuanced and granular information about the composition and function of living cells. Such biosensors exist at the confluence of technology and medicine and often strive to connect cell phenotype or function to physiological or pathophysiological processes. Our review aims to describe some of the key technological aspects of biosensors being developed for cell analysis. The technological aspects covered in our review include biorecognition elements used for biosensor construction, methods for integrating cells with biosensors, approaches to single-cell analysis, and the use of nanostructured biosensors for cell analysis. Our hope is that the spectrum of possibilities for cell analysis described in this review may pique the interest of biomedical scientists and engineers and may spur new collaborations in the area of using biosensors for cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616;
| | - Kyungjin Son
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616;
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616;
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616;
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28
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Liu J, Lu L, Li A, Tang J, Wang S, Xu S, Wang L. Simultaneous detection of hydrogen peroxide and glucose in human serum with upconversion luminescence. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 68:204-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.12.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 12/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Rackus DG, Shamsi MH, Wheeler AR. Electrochemistry, biosensors and microfluidics: a convergence of fields. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:5320-40. [PMID: 25962356 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00369a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemistry, biosensors and microfluidics are popular research topics that have attracted widespread attention from chemists, biologists, physicists, and engineers. Here, we introduce the basic concepts and recent histories of electrochemistry, biosensors, and microfluidics, and describe how they are combining to form new application-areas, including so-called "point-of-care" systems in which measurements traditionally performed in a laboratory are moved into the field. We propose that this review can serve both as a useful starting-point for researchers who are new to these topics, as well as being a compendium of the current state-of-the art for experts in these evolving areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darius G Rackus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St., Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.
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30
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Parnell CM, Watanabe F, Nasini UB, Berry BC, Mitchell T, Shaikh AU, Ghosh A. Electrochemical sensing of hydrogen peroxide using a cobalt(III) complex supported on carbonaceous nanomaterials. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2014.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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31
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Choudhary M, Siwal S, Mallick K. Single step synthesis of a ‘silver–polymer hybrid material’ and its catalytic application. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra09115b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Silver nanoparticle catalysed electro-oxidation of hydrogen peroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Choudhary
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Johannesburg
- Auckland Park 2006
- South Africa
| | - Samarjeet Siwal
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Johannesburg
- Auckland Park 2006
- South Africa
| | - Kaushik Mallick
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Johannesburg
- Auckland Park 2006
- South Africa
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32
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Liu X, Dumitrescu E, Andreescu S. Electrochemical Biosensors for Real-Time Monitoring of Reactive Oxygen and Nitrogen Species. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2015-1200.ch013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Liu
- Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810
| | - Eduard Dumitrescu
- Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810
| | - Silvana Andreescu
- Department of Chemistry & Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Avenue, Potsdam, New York 13699-5810
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33
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Liu Y, Liu Y, Matharu Z, Rahimian A, Revzin A. Detecting multiple cell-secreted cytokines from the same aptamer-functionalized electrode. Biosens Bioelectron 2014; 64:43-50. [PMID: 25189099 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2014.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines are secreted by immune cells in response to infection or injury. Quantification of multiple cytokines in parallel may help with disease diagnosis by illuminating inflammatory pathways related to disease onset and progression. This paper describes development of an electrochemical aptasensor for simultaneous detection of two important inflammatory cytokines, interferon gamma (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). To enable multiplexing, IFN-γ and TNF-α aptamers were labeled with anthraquinone (AQ) and methylene blue (MB) redox reporters respectively. Random immobilization of two aptamer on gold exhibited redox peaks at -0.37 V (AQ) and -0.15 V (MB) vs. Ag/AgCl reference. When challenged with either IFN-γ or TNF-α, redox signal of the appropriate reporter changed in concentration dependent manner. To demonstrate one possible application of this sensing approach, electrodes were integrated into microfluidic devices and used to dynamically monitor cytokine release from immune cells. Two cell types, primary human CD4 T-cells and U937 monocytic cells, were used to compare differences in cytokine secretions upon stimulation. These cells were infused into the microfluidic devices and stimulated to commence cytokine production. Release of IFN-γ and TNF-α was monitored concurrently from the same small group of cells over the course of 2h. The strategy of encoding specific aptamer types with unique redox reporters allows sensitive and specific detection of multiple protein biomarkers from the same electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Zimple Matharu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Ali Rahimian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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34
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Matharu Z, Patel D, Gao Y, Haque A, Zhou Q, Revzin A. Detecting transforming growth factor-β release from liver cells using an aptasensor integrated with microfluidics. Anal Chem 2014; 86:8865-72. [PMID: 25105888 PMCID: PMC4151791 DOI: 10.1021/ac502383e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
We
developed a cell-culture/biosensor platform consisting of aptamer-modified
Au electrodes integrated with reconfigurable microfluidics for monitoring
of transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), an important
inflammatory and pro-fibrotic cytokine. Aptamers were thiolated, labeled
with redox reporters, and self-assembled on gold surfaces. The biosensor
was determined to be specific for TGF-β1 with an experimental
detection limit of 1 ng/mL and linear range extending to 250 ng/mL.
Upon determining figures of merit, aptasensor was miniaturized and
integrated with human hepatic stellate cells inside microfluidic devices.
Reconfigurable microfluidics were developed to ensure that seeding
of “sticky” stromal cells did not foul the electrode
and compromise sensor performance. This microsystem with integrated
aptasensors was used to monitor TGF-β1 release from activated
stellate cells over the course of 20 h. The electrochemical response
went down upon infusing anti-TGF-β1 antibodies into the microfluidic
devices containing activated stellate cells. To further validate aptasensor
responses, stellate cells were stained for markers of activation (e.g.,
alpha smooth muscle actin) and were also tested for presence of TGF-β1
using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Given the importance
of TGF-β1 as a fibrogenic signal, a microsystem with integrated
biosensors for local and continuous detection of TGF-β1 may
prove to be an important tool to study fibrosis of the liver and other
organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zimple Matharu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Davis, California 95616, United States
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35
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Tamura M, Ito H, Matsui H, Hyodo I. Acetaldehyde is an oxidative stressor for gastric epithelial cells. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2014; 55:26-31. [PMID: 25120276 PMCID: PMC4078068 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.14-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/31/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol drinking and smoking contain the risk of a carcinogenesis. Acetaldehyde is content in cigarette smoke and an ethanol metabolite. However the clear evidence for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by acetaldehyde in gastric cells in vitro is none. In this study, we elucidated acetaldehyde is an oxidative stress inducer on rat gastric epithelial cells by electron paramagnetic resonance measurement in living cells. We also confirmed whether acetaldehyde-induced cellular ROS was derived from mitochondria or not. The results of cellular ROS determination showed that an increment of cellular ROS was shown for 15 min in living cells from exposing 0.1% (v/v) acetaldehyde. Lipid peroxidation in cellular membrane also induced by 0.1% ethanol and the tendency is same in the results of cellular ROS determination. JC-1 stained showed the decrement of mitochondrial membrane potential. These results indicated that acetaldehyde is not merely a necrotizing factor for gastric epithelial cells, but also an oxidative stress inducer via injured mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Tamura
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hiromu Ito
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Matsui
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Ichinosuke Hyodo
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-noudai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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36
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Culbertson CT, Mickleburgh TG, Stewart-James SA, Sellens KA, Pressnall M. Micro total analysis systems: fundamental advances and biological applications. Anal Chem 2014; 86:95-118. [PMID: 24274655 PMCID: PMC3951881 DOI: 10.1021/ac403688g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Tom G. Mickleburgh
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | | | - Kathleen A. Sellens
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
| | - Melissa Pressnall
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, USA
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37
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Abstract
Microfabricated surfaces have been widely utilized for defining adhesion of single cells or groups of cells of various kinds. Beyond simple control of cell attachment, it is often important to monitor the molecules released by cells. Co-immobilizing miniature sensors alongside cells enables more sensitive detection of secreted factors and may allow for such detection to happen within the context of local microenvironment. Methods for interfacing cells and sensors are central to the notion of local in situ detection of cell function. This chapter describes the use of hydrogel photolithography for integrating cells and sensing elements on culture surfaces. Two types of micropatterned sensing surfaces are described: (1) arrays of microwells for single cell capture that contain antibodies against secreted proteins and (2) entrapment of enzymes inside hydrogel microstructures for local detection of cell metabolism. In both cases, poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogel lithography was employed to control cell attachment, in the second approach hydrogel structures also carried enzymes and functioned as sensors. The development of robust cell/sensor interfaces has implications for diagnostics, tissue engineering, and drug screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jungmok You
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Dong-Sik Shin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - Alexander Revzin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California, USA
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38
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Yu C, Zhu Z, Wang Q, Gu W, Bao N, Gu H. A disposable indium-tin-oxide sensor modified by gold nanorod–chitosan nanocomposites for the detection of H2O2 in cancer cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:7329-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cc01972e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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39
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Wang L, Deng M, Ding G, Chen S, Xu F. Manganese dioxide based ternary nanocomposite for catalytic reduction and nonenzymatic sensing of hydrogen peroxide. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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40
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Li Q, Cheng K, Weng W, Du P, Han G. Titanium dioxide nanorod-based amperometric sensor for highly sensitive enzymatic detection of hydrogen peroxide. Mikrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-013-1077-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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41
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Oliveira R, Bento F, Sella C, Thouin L, Amatore C. Direct Electroanalytical Method for Alternative Assessment of Global Antioxidant Capacity Using Microchannel Electrodes. Anal Chem 2013; 85:9057-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ac401566w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Oliveira
- Centro
de Química, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Fátima Bento
- Centro
de Química, Universidade do Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Catherine Sella
- Département
de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640
PASTEUR, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Laurent Thouin
- Département
de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640
PASTEUR, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Christian Amatore
- Département
de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, UMR CNRS-ENS-UPMC 8640
PASTEUR, 24 rue Lhomond, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
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Tamura M, Matsui H, Kaneko T, Hyodo I. Alcohol is an oxidative stressor for gastric epithelial cells: detection of superoxide in living cells. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2013; 53:75-80. [PMID: 24062603 PMCID: PMC3774929 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.13-32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 04/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcohol/ethanol has been reported to derived necrosis and apoptosis with an oxidative stress in gastric mucosal cells. However the clear evidence for reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by alcohol in gastric cells in vitro is none. In this study, we elucidated ethanol is an oxidative stress inducer on rat gastric epithelial cells by electron paramagnetic resonance measurement in living cells. We also confirmed whether ethanol-induced cellular ROS was derived from mitochondria or not. The results of cellular ROS determination showed that an increment of cellular ROS was shown for 15 min from exposing 1% (v/v) ethanol. Lipid peroxidation in cellular membrane also induced by 1% ethanol and the tendency is same in the results of cellular ROS determination. JC-1 stained showed the decrement of mitochondrial membrane potential. Additionally the localization of cellular ROS coincided with mitochondria. These results indicated that ethanol is not merely a necrotizing factor for gastric epithelial cells, but also an oxidative stress inducer via injured mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Tamura
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-nohdai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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Zhang DW, Liu JX, Nie J, Zhou YL, Zhang XX. Micropipet Tip-Based Miniaturized Electrochemical Device Combined with Ultramicroelectrode and Its Application in Immobilization-Free Enzyme Biosensor. Anal Chem 2013; 85:2032-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ac303223u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- De-Wen Zhang
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
(BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing-Xin Liu
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
(BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ji Nie
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
(BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ying-Lin Zhou
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
(BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin-Xiang Zhang
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences
(BNLMS), Key Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Engineering,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Enomoto J, Matharu Z, Revzin A. Electrochemical Biosensors for On-Chip Detection of Oxidative Stress from Cells. Methods Enzymol 2013; 526:107-21. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-405883-5.00006-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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