1
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Adedokun G, Alipanah M, Fan ZH. Sample preparation and detection methods in point-of-care devices towards future at-home testing. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3626-3650. [PMID: 38952234 PMCID: PMC11270053 DOI: 10.1039/d3lc00943b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Timely and accurate diagnosis is critical for effective healthcare, yet nearly half the global population lacks access to basic diagnostics. Point-of-care (POC) testing offers partial solutions by enabling low-cost, rapid diagnosis at the patient's location. At-home POC devices have the potential to advance preventive care and early disease detection. Nevertheless, effective sample preparation and detection methods are essential for accurate results. This review surveys recent advances in sample preparation and detection methods at POC. The goal is to provide an in-depth understanding of how these technologies can enhance at-home POC devices. Lateral flow assays, nucleic acid tests, and virus detection methods are at the forefront of POC diagnostic technology, offering rapid and sensitive tools for identifying and measuring pathogens, biomarkers, and viral infections. By illuminating cutting-edge research on assay development for POC diagnostics, this review aims to accelerate progress towards widely available, user-friendly, at-home health monitoring tools that empower individuals in personalized healthcare in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Adedokun
- Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116250, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Morteza Alipanah
- Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116250, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Z Hugh Fan
- Interdisciplinary Microsystems Group, Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116250, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116131, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
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2
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Prakobkij A, Sukapanon S, Chunta S, Jarujamrus P. Mickey mouse-shaped laminated paper-based analytical device in simultaneous total cholesterol and glucose determination in whole blood. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1263:341303. [PMID: 37225342 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) platform is gaining attention as a low-cost, portable, and disposable detection tool. However, the limitations of traditional fabrication methods include poor reproducibility and the use of hydrophobic reagents. In this study, an in-house computer-controlled X-Y knife plotter and pen plotter were used to fabricate μPADs, resulting in a simple, more rapid, reproducible process that consumes less volume of reagents. The μPADs were laminated to increase mechanical strength and reduce sample evaporation during analysis. The resulting laminated paper-based analytical device (LPAD) was used to simultaneously determine glucose and total cholesterol in whole blood using the LF1 membrane as a sample zone. The LF1 membrane selectively separates plasma from whole blood by size exclusion and yields plasma for further enzymatic reaction steps while retaining blood cells and larger proteins. The i1 Pro 3 mini spectrophotometer directly detected color on the LPAD. The results were clinically relevant and in agreement with hospital methods, with a detection limit of 0.16 mmol L⁻1 for glucose and 0.57 mmol L⁻1 for TC. The LPAD retained color intensity after 60 days of storage. The LPAD offers a low-cost, high-performance option for chemical sensing devices and expands the applicability of markers for diagnosing whole blood samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akarapong Prakobkij
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand; Nanomaterials Science, Sensors & Catalysis for Problem-Based Projects, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Suchada Sukapanon
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand; Nanomaterials Science, Sensors & Catalysis for Problem-Based Projects, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand
| | - Suticha Chunta
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Medical Technology, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, 90110, Thailand
| | - Purim Jarujamrus
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand; Nanomaterials Science, Sensors & Catalysis for Problem-Based Projects, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani, 34190, Thailand.
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3
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Danchana K, Iwasaki H, Thayawutthikun Y, Saetear P, Kaneta T. Development of Pipetteless Paper-Based Analytical Devices with a Volume Gauge. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:11213-11219. [PMID: 37008150 PMCID: PMC10061644 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we propose a new design for paper-based analytical devices (PADs) that eliminate the need to use a micropipette for sample introduction. With this design, a PAD is equipped with a distance-based detection channel that is connected to a storage channel that indicates the volume of a sample introduced into the PAD. The analyte in the sample solution reacts with a colorimetric reagent deposited into the distance-based detection channel as the sample solution flows into the storage channel where the volume is measured. The ratio of the lengths of the detection channel and that of the storage channel (D/S ratio) are constant for a sample containing a certain concentration, which is independent of the introduced volume. Therefore, the PADs permit volume-independent quantification using a dropper instead of a micropipette because the length of the storage channel plays the role of a volume gauge to estimate the introduced sample volume. In this study, the D/S ratios obtained with a dropper were comparable to those obtained with a micropipette, which confirmed that precise volume control is unnecessary for this PAD system. The proposed PADs were applied to the determinations of iron and bovine serum albumin using bathophenanthroline and tetrabromophenol blue as colorimetric reagents, respectively. The calibration curves showed good linear relationships with coefficients of 0.989 for iron and 0.994 for bovine serum albumin, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaewta Danchana
- Department
of Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Iwasaki
- Department
of Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yada Thayawutthikun
- Flow
Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST
Labs), Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Phoonthawee Saetear
- Flow
Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST
Labs), Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
- Department
of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Rama 6 Road, Ratchathewi, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Takashi Kaneta
- Department
of Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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4
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Ye Z, Yuan Y, Zhan S, Liu W, Fang L, Li T. Paper-based microfluidics in sweat detection: from design to application. Analyst 2023; 148:1175-1188. [PMID: 36861489 DOI: 10.1039/d2an01818g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Sweat, as a sample that includes a lot of biochemical information, is good for non-invasive monitoring. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of studies on in situ monitoring of sweat. However, there are still some challenges for the continuous analysis of samples. As a hydrophilic, easy-to-process, environmentally friendly, inexpensive and easily accessible material, paper is an ideal substrate material for making in situ sweat analysis microfluidics. This review introduces the development of paper as a sweat analysis microfluidic substrate material, focusing on the advantages of the structural characteristics of paper, trench design and equipment integration applications to expand the design and research ideas for the development of in situ sweat detection technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Ye
- Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Yuyang Yuan
- Department of Translational Medicine & Clinical Research, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China. .,Department of General Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.,School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Shaowei Zhan
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China.,Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Lu Fang
- Department of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310028, China.
| | - Tianyu Li
- Department of Translational Medicine & Clinical Research, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China. .,National Engineering Research Center of Innovation and Application of Minimally Invasive Instruments, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
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5
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Anushka, Bandopadhyay A, Das PK. Paper based microfluidic devices: a review of fabrication techniques and applications. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. SPECIAL TOPICS 2022; 232:781-815. [PMID: 36532608 PMCID: PMC9743133 DOI: 10.1140/epjs/s11734-022-00727-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A wide range of applications are possible with paper-based analytical devices, which are low priced, easy to fabricate and operate, and require no specialized equipment. Paper-based microfluidics offers the design of miniaturized POC devices to be applied in the health, environment, food, and energy sector employing the ASSURED (Affordable, Sensitive, Specific, User-friendly, Rapid and Robust, Equipment free and Deliverable to end users) principle of WHO. Therefore, this field is growing very rapidly and ample research is being done. This review focuses on fabrication and detection techniques reported to date. Additionally, this review emphasises on the application of this technology in the area of medical diagnosis, energy generation, environmental monitoring, and food quality control. This review also presents the theoretical analysis of fluid flow in porous media for the efficient handling and control of fluids. The limitations of PAD have also been discussed with an emphasis to concern on the transformation of such devices from laboratory to the consumer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushka
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Aditya Bandopadhyay
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Das
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal 721302 India
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6
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Wang Y, Shi H, Sun J, Xu J, Yang M, Yu J. Hollow-Channel Paper Analytical Devices Supported Biofuel Cell-Based Self-Powered Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Sensor for Pesticide Detection. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:974. [PMID: 36354483 PMCID: PMC9687901 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a paper-based glucose/air biofuel cell (BFC) was constructed and implemented for self-powered pesticide detection. Our developed paper-based chip relies on a hollow-channel to transport fluids rather than capillarity, which reduces analysis times as well as physical absorption. The gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were adapted to modify the paper fibers to fabricate the flexible conductive paper anode/cathode electrode (Au-PAE/CNT-PCE). Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) using 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) as a template were synthesized on Au-PAE for signal control. In the cathode, bilirubin oxidase (BOD) was used for the oxygen reduction reaction. Based on a competitive reaction between 2,4-D and glucose-oxidase-labeled 2,4-D (GOx-2,4-D), the amount of GOx immobilized on the bioanode can be simply tailored, thus a signal-off self-powered sensing platform was achieved for 2,4-D determination. Meanwhile, the coupling of the paper supercapacitor (PS) with the paper-based chip provides a simple route for signal amplification. Combined with a portable digital multi-meter detector, the amplified signal can be sensitively readout. Through rational design of the paper analytical device, the combination of BFC and PS provides a new prototype for constructing a low-cost, simple, portable, and sensitive self-powered biosensor lab-on-paper, which could be easily expanded in the field of clinical analysis and drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhu Wang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Huihui Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
| | - Jiantao Sun
- Shandong Institute for Product Quality Inspection, Jinan 250102, China
| | - Jianjian Xu
- Department of Food and Drug, Weihai Ocean Vocational College, Weihai 264300, China
| | - Mengchun Yang
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, China
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7
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Heidary O, Akhond M, Hemmateenejad B. A microfluidic paper-based analytical device for iodometric titration of ascorbic acid and dopamine. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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8
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Kumawat N, Soman SS, Vijayavenkataraman S, Kumar S. Rapid and inexpensive process to fabricate paper based microfluidic devices using a cut and heat plastic lamination process. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:3377-3389. [PMID: 35801817 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00452f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (microPADs) are emerging as simple-to-use, low-cost point-of-care testing platforms. Such devices are mostly fabricated at present by creating hydrophobic barriers using wax or photoresist patterning on porous paper sheets. Even though devices fabricated using these methods are used and tested with a wide variety of analytes, still they pose many serious practical limitations for low-cost automated mass fabrication for their widespread applicability. We present an affordable and simple two-step process - cut and heat (CH-microPADs) - for the selective fabrication of hydrophilic channels and reservoirs on a wide variety of porous media such as tissue/printing/filter paper and cloth types, such as cotton and polyester, by a lamination process. The technique presents many advantages as compared to existing commonly used methods. The devices possess excellent mechanical strength against bending, folding and twisting, making them virtually unbreakable. They are structurally flexible and show good chemical resistance to various solvents, acids and bases, presenting widespread applicability in areas such as clinical diagnostics, biological sensing applications, food processing, and the chemical industry. Fabricated paper media 96 well-plate CH-microPAD configurations were tested for cell culture applications using mice embryonic fibroblasts and detection of proteins and enzymes using ELISA. With a simple two-step process and minimal human intervention, the technique presents a promising step towards mass fabrication of inexpensive disposable diagnostic devices for both resource-limited and developed regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nityanand Kumawat
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Soja Saghar Soman
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Sanjairaj Vijayavenkataraman
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Sunil Kumar
- Division of Engineering, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, P.O. Box 129188, United Arab Emirates.
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
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9
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Zhao B, Qi L, Tai W, Zhao M, Chen X, Yu L, Shi J, Wang X, Lin JM, Hu Q. Paper-Based Flow Sensor for the Detection of Hyaluronidase via an Enzyme Hydrolysis-Induced Viscosity Change in a Polymer Solution. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4643-4649. [PMID: 35258931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronidase (HAase) is implicated in inflammation, cancer development, and allergic reaction. The detection of HAase is significantly important in clinical diagnosis and medical treatment. Herein, we propose a new principle for the development of equipment-free and label-free paper-based flow sensors based on the enzymatic hydrolysis-induced viscosity change in a stimuli-responsive polymer solution, which increases the water flow distance on the pH indicator paper. The detection of HAase is demonstrated as an example. This facile and versatile method can overcome the potential drawbacks of traditional hydrogel-based sensors, including complex preparation steps, slow response time, or low sensitivity. Moreover, it can also avoid the use of specialized instruments, labeled molecules, or functionalized nanoparticles in the sensors developed using the polymer solutions. Using this strategy, the detection of HAase is achieved with a limit of detection as low as 0.2 U/mL. Also, it works well in human urine. Additionally, the detection of tannic acid, which is an inhibitor of HAase, is also fulfilled. Overall, a simple, efficient, high-throughput, and low-cost detection method is developed for the rapid and quantitative detection of HAase and its inhibitor without the use of labeled molecules, synthetic particles, and specialized instruments. As only minimal reagents of HAase, HA, and paper are used, it is very promising in the development of commercial kits for point-of-care testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lubin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenjun Tai
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Mei Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jianguo Shi
- Key Laboratory for Biosensors of Shandong Province, Biology Institute, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250353, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology, Shandong Academy of Sciences, Jinan 250014, China
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10
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Development of a one-step analysis method for several amino acids using a microfluidic paper-based analytical device. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3427. [PMID: 35236904 PMCID: PMC8891284 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07408-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
A one-step analysis method was developed for four types of amino acids using a microfluidic paper-based analytical device fabricated from chromatography filtration paper and laminate films. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase was used to detect each amino acid. The obtained laminated paper-based analytical device (LPAD) contained four enzymatic reaction areas. Colorimetric detection was performed based on the molybdenum blue reaction. A model method for the simple, easy, and simultaneous detection of several amino acid concentrations was suggested, in contrast to the conventional methods such as HPLC or LC-MS. The method provided a selective quantification at the ranges of 3.6-100 μM for tryptophan, 10.1-100 μM for glycine, 5.9-100 μM for histidine and 5.6-100 μM for lysine with a detection limit of 1.1 μM, 3.3 μM, 1.9 μM and 1.8 μM, respectively. LPAD fabrication was considerably simple, and the subsequent detection process was easy and required a short period of time (within 15 min).
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11
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Kiwfo K, Woi PM, Seanjum C, Grudpan K. New designs of paper based analytical devices (PADs) for completing replication analysis of a sample within a single run by employing smartphone. Talanta 2022; 236:122848. [PMID: 34635238 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based analytical devices (PADs) with four new designs could be fabricated using commercially available home-based scan-and-cut printer. They serve for miniaturised platforms for chemical analysis. Replication analysis of a sample together with the calibration (using the analyte standards at different concentrations) can be completed in a single run, by utilising smartphone as the detector. Some new approaches for choosing detection zones were suggested. The four proposed PAD designs here were used as models in microliter scale operation to demonstrate the well-known chemistries of colorimetric determinations of iron, phosphate, and hardness using 1,10-phenanthroline and simple aqueous guava leaf extract; molybdate, and EBT-EDTA complexometric titration, respectively, through calibrations: where Blue (B) value = 88.2log [Fe3+] - 80.8, R2 = 0.989; B value = 1.75 [Fe3+] + 0.198, R2 = 0.999; Grey scale (I) value = 1.77 [Fe3+] - 1.22, R2 = 0.997; Red (R) value = 16.1log [PO43-] + 8.95, R2 = 0.999; Hue (H) value = 43.3log [Ca2+] + 233, R2 = 0.994, respectively. For the hardness, using one of the PAD designs, true titration was also possible. Applications of the proposed devices and procedures were demonstrated for real world samples with validation. Additionally, kinetic study of the molybdenum blue for phosphate was demonstrated using one of the PADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanokwan Kiwfo
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Excellence on Biodiversity-based Economic and Society (B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Pei Meng Woi
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Chalermpong Seanjum
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Excellence on Biodiversity-based Economic and Society (B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand
| | - Kate Grudpan
- Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Cluster of Excellence on Biodiversity-based Economic and Society (B.BES-CMU), Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand.
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12
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Wang J, Yang T, Li Z, Zhou K, Xiao B, Yu P. Semi-quantitative analysis of nickel: counting-based μPADs built via hand drawing and yellow oily double-sided adhesive tape. RSC Adv 2022; 12:30457-30465. [PMCID: PMC9598315 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03892g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Counting-based μPADs were fabricated by hand drawing and yellow oily double-sided adhesive tape, and then successfully applied for the semi-quantitative analysis of nickel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Tong Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Zhengjia Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Kecen Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
| | - Peng Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
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13
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Smartphone-Based Chemiluminescent Origami µPAD for the Rapid Assessment of Glucose Blood Levels. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2021; 11:bios11100381. [PMID: 34677337 PMCID: PMC8533763 DOI: 10.3390/bios11100381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper analytical devices (µPADs) represent one of the most appealing trends in the development of simple and inexpensive analytical systems for diagnostic applications at the point of care (POC). Herein, we describe a smartphone-based origami µPAD for the quantitative determination of glucose in blood samples based on the glucose oxidase-catalyzed oxidation of glucose leading to hydrogen peroxide, which is then detected by means of the luminol/hexacyanoferrate(III) chemiluminescent (CL) system. By exploiting the foldable µPAD format, a two-step analytical procedure has been implemented. First, the diluted blood sample was added, and hydrogen peroxide was accumulated, then the biosensor was folded, and a transport buffer was added to bring hydrogen peroxide in contact with CL reagents, thus promoting the CL reaction. To enable POC applicability, the reagents required for the assay were preloaded in the µPAD so that no chemicals handling was required, and a 3D-printed portable device was developed for measuring the CL emission using the smartphone’s CMOS camera. The µPAD was stable for 30-day storage at room temperature and the assay, displaying a limit of detection of 10 µmol L−1, proved able to identify both hypoglycemic and hyperglycemic blood samples in less than 20 min.
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14
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Ping J, Wu W, Qi L, Liu J, Liu J, Zhao B, Wang Q, Yu L, Lin JM, Hu Q. Hydrogel-assisted paper-based lateral flow sensor for the detection of trypsin in human serum. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 192:113548. [PMID: 34385014 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The detection of trypsin and its inhibitor is significantly important for both clinical diagnosis and disease treatment. Herein, we demonstrate a hydrogel-assisted paper-based lateral flow sensor for the detection of trypsin and its inhibitor for the first time. The gelatin hydrogel is hydrolyzed based on the gel-to-sol transition in the presence of trypsin, which results in the release of the trapped water molecules in the gelatin hydrogel. By placing one end of a pH indicator strip onto the hydrolyzed gelatin hydrogel, water is flowing along the pH indicator strip. However, in the absence of trypsin, water cannot flow along the pH indicator strip as the water molecules are trapped in the gelatin hydrogel. The detection limit of the system reaches as low as 1.0 × 10-6 mg/mL, and it is also applied to the quantitative detection of trypsin in human serum. In addition, the detection of a clinical drug aprotinin that is an inhibitor of trypsin is also successfully achieved. Noteworthy, only the gelatin hydrogel, pH indicator strip, and PS substrate are needed to fulfill the detection of trypsin without the need of other chemicals or reagents. Overall, we develop a particularly simple, elegant, robust, competitive, high-throughput, and low-cost approach for the rapid and label-free detection of trypsin and its inhibitor, which is very promising in the development of commercial products for sensing, diagnostic, and pharmaceutical applications. Besides, the hydrogel-assisted paper-based lateral flow sensor can also be employed to detect other analytes of interest by use of different stimuli-responsive hydrogel systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiantao Ping
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Wenli Wu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Lubin Qi
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jinpeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Binglu Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Quanbo Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Shandong University, Ministry of Education, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Jin-Ming Lin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, MOE Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan, 250014, China.
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15
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Jiang N, Tansukawat ND, Gonzalez-Macia L, Ates HC, Dincer C, Güder F, Tasoglu S, Yetisen AK. Low-Cost Optical Assays for Point-of-Care Diagnosis in Resource-Limited Settings. ACS Sens 2021; 6:2108-2124. [PMID: 34076428 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c00669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Readily deployable, low-cost point-of-care medical devices such as lateral flow assays (LFAs), microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), and microfluidic thread-based analytical devices (μTADs) are urgently needed in resource-poor settings. Governed by the ASSURED criteria (affordable, sensitive, specific, user-friendly, rapid and robust, equipment-free, and deliverability) set by the World Health Organization, these reliable platforms can screen a myriad of chemical and biological analytes including viruses, bacteria, proteins, electrolytes, and narcotics. The Ebola epidemic in 2014 and the ongoing pandemic of SARS-CoV-2 have exemplified the ever-increasing importance of timely diagnostics to limit the spread of diseases. This review provides a comprehensive survey of LFAs, μPADs, and μTADs that can be deployed in resource-limited settings. The subsequent commercialization of these technologies will benefit the public health, especially in areas where access to healthcare is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Jiang
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences & Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Natha Dean Tansukawat
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Gonzalez-Macia
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - H. Ceren Ates
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Can Dincer
- Freiburg Center for Interactive Materials and Bioinspired Technologies (FIT), University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany
- Department of Microsystems Engineering (IMTEK), Laboratory for Sensors, University of Freiburg, Freiburg 79110, Germany
| | - Firat Güder
- Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Savas Tasoglu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Koc University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34450, Turkey
| | - Ali K. Yetisen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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16
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Calabretta MM, Zangheri M, Calabria D, Lopreside A, Montali L, Marchegiani E, Trozzi I, Guardigli M, Mirasoli M, Michelini E. Paper-Based Immunosensors with Bio-Chemiluminescence Detection. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:4309. [PMID: 34202483 PMCID: PMC8271422 DOI: 10.3390/s21134309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the introduction of paper-based analytical devices as potential diagnostic platforms a few decades ago, huge efforts have been made in this field to develop systems suitable for meeting the requirements for the point-of-care (POC) approach. Considerable progress has been achieved in the adaptation of existing analysis methods to a paper-based format, especially considering the chemiluminescent (CL)-immunoassays-based techniques. The implementation of biospecific assays with CL detection and paper-based technology represents an ideal solution for the development of portable analytical devices for on-site applications, since the peculiarities of these features create a unique combination for fitting the POC purposes. Despite this, the scientific production is not paralleled by the diffusion of such devices into everyday life. This review aims to highlight the open issues that are responsible for this discrepancy and to find the aspects that require a focused and targeted research to make these methods really applicable in routine analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Maddalena Calabretta
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Zangheri
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Donato Calabria
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Antonia Lopreside
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Montali
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Marchegiani
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Ilaria Trozzi
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Massimo Guardigli
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Renewable Sources, Environment, Sea and Energy (CIRI FRAME), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
| | - Mara Mirasoli
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Interdepartmental Centre for Renewable Sources, Environment, Sea and Energy (CIRI FRAME), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 48123 Ravenna, Italy
- INBB, Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Via Medaglie d’Oro, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Michelini
- Department of Chemistry “Giacomo Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.M.C.); (M.Z.); (D.C.); (A.L.); (L.M.); (E.M.); (I.T.); (M.G.)
- Center for Applied Biomedical Research (CRBA), University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy
- INBB, Istituto Nazionale di Biostrutture e Biosistemi, Via Medaglie d’Oro, 00136 Rome, Italy
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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17
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Noviana E, Ozer T, Carrell CS, Link JS, McMahon C, Jang I, Henry CS. Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Devices: From Design to Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11835-11885. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eka Noviana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, Indonesia 55281
| | - Tugba Ozer
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey 34220
| | - Cody S. Carrell
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Jeremy S. Link
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Catherine McMahon
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ilhoon Jang
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea 04763
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
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18
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Jiang X, Loeb JC, Pan M, Tilly TB, Eiguren-Fernandez A, Lednicky JA, Wu CY, Fan ZH. Integration of sample preparation with RNA-Amplification in a hand-held device for airborne virus detection. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1165:338542. [PMID: 33975694 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Aerosol transmission is one of the three major transmission routes of respiratory viruses. However, the dynamics and significance of the aerosol transmission route are not well understood, partially due to the lack of rapid and efficient tools for on-the-spot detection of airborne viruses. We report a hand-held device that integrates a 3D-printed sample preparation unit with a laminated paper-based RNA amplification unit. The sample preparation unit features an innovative reagent delivery scheme based on a ball-based valve capable of storing and delivering reagents through the rotation of the unit without manual pipetting, while the paper-based unit enables RNA enrichment and reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP). We have determined the detection limit of the integrated sample-preparation/amplification device (SPAD) at 1 TCID50 H1N1 influenza viruses in 140 μL aqueous sample. Further, we integrated SPAD with a previously reported viable virus aerosol sampler (VIVAS), a water-vapor-based condensational growth system capable of collecting aerosolized virus particles (Pan et al., 2016) [1]. Using the combined VIVAS-SPAD platform, we have demonstrated the collection/detection of lab-generated, airborne H1N1 influenza viruses in 65 min, suggesting that the platform has a potential for detecting and monitoring airborne virus transmission during outbreaks. The effective sampling and rapid detection of airborne viruses by the sample-to-answer platform will also help us better understand the dynamics and significance of aerosol transmission of infectious disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116131, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Julia C Loeb
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Maohua Pan
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Trevor B Tilly
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - John A Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Chang-Yu Wu
- Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
| | - Z Hugh Fan
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116131, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, P.O. Box 117200, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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19
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Kim K, Han DK, Choi N, Kim SH, Joung Y, Kim K, Ho NT, Joo SW, Choo J. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering-Based Dual-Flow Lateral Flow Assay Sensor for the Ultrasensitive Detection of the Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6673-6681. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongnyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Do Kyoung Han
- Division of Materials Analysis and Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, South Korea
| | - Namhyun Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Soo Hyeon Kim
- Division of Materials Analysis and Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Daejeon 34133, South Korea
| | - Younju Joung
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Kihyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
| | - Ngoc Thanh Ho
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Soongsil University, Seoul 06978, South Korea
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, South Korea
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20
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Shi L, Liu W, Li B, Yang CJ, Jin Y. Multichannel Paper Chip-Based Gas Pressure Bioassay for Simultaneous Detection of Multiple MicroRNAs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:15008-15016. [PMID: 33757287 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous detection of multi-biomarkers not only enhances the accuracy of disease diagnosis but also improves detection efficiency and reduces cost. It is vital to achieve portable, simple, low-cost, and simultaneous detection of biomarkers for point-of-care (POC) diagnostics in a low-resource setting. Herein, a multichannel paper chip-based gas pressure bioassay was developed for the simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers by combining multichannel paper chips with a portable gas pressure meter. Four DNA tetrahedral probes (DTPs) were used as capture probes and were immobilized in different detection zones of the paper chips to improve hybridization efficiency and reduce nonspecific adsorption. The formation of a sandwich structure between target microRNAs (miRNAs), the capture probe, and platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs)-modified complementary DNA (PtNPs-cDNA) transformed biomolecular recognition into quantitative detection of gas pressure. Four lung cancer-related miRNAs were detected simultaneously by a portable gas pressure meter. There is a good linear relationship between gas pressure and the logarithm of miRNA concentration in the range of 10 pM to 100 nM. Compared with single-stranded DNA capture probe, the signal-to-noise (S/N) of DNA tetrahedral probes improved more than 3 times. Using ring-oven washing, the unbound reagents in all channels of the paper chip were simultaneously and continuously washed away, leading to a more cheap, simple, and fast separation than magnetic separation. Therefore, it offers a promising multichannel paper chip-based gas pressure bioassay for portable and simultaneous detection of multiple biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Baoxin Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
| | - Chaoyong James Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yan Jin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710119, China
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21
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Kim K, Kashefi-Kheyrabadi L, Joung Y, Kim K, Dang H, Chavan SG, Lee MH, Choo J. Recent advances in sensitive surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based lateral flow assay platforms for point-of-care diagnostics of infectious diseases. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS. B, CHEMICAL 2021; 329:129214. [PMID: 36568647 PMCID: PMC9759493 DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.129214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
This review reports the recent advances in surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)-based lateral flow assay (LFA) platforms for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. As observed through the recent infection outbreaks of COVID-19 worldwide, a timely diagnosis of the disease is critical for preventing the spread of a disease and to ensure epidemic preparedness. In this regard, an innovative point-of-care diagnostic method is essential. Recently, SERS-based assay platforms have received increasing attention in medical communities owing to their high sensitivity and multiplex detection capability. In contrast, LFAs provide a user-friendly and easily accessible sensing platform. Thus, the combination of LFAs with a SERS detection system provides a new diagnostic modality for accurate and rapid diagnoses of infectious diseases. In this context, we briefly discuss the recent application of LFA platforms for the POC diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Thereafter, we focus on the recent advances in SERS-based LFA platforms for the early diagnosis of infectious diseases and their applicability for the rapid diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2. Finally, the key issues that need to be addressed to accelerate the clinical translation of SERS-based LFA platforms from the research laboratory to the bedside are discussed.
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Key Words
- AuNPs, gold nanoparticles
- BA, bacillary angiomatosis
- CRISPR, Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat
- HIV, human immunodeficiency virus
- IFA, indirect immunofluorescence assay
- IgG, immunoglobulin G
- IgM, immunoglobulin M
- In vitro diagnostics (IVD)
- Infectious disease
- KSHV, Kaposi’s sarcoma herpes virus
- LFA, lateral flow assay
- Lateral flow assay (LFA)
- NC, nitrocellulose
- NS1, nonstructural protein 1
- POC, point-of-care
- PRV, pseudorabies virus
- Point-of-care (POC)
- RT-PCR, real-time polymerase chain reaction
- SARS-CoV-2
- SARS-CoV-2, severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2
- SEB, staphylococcal enterotoxin
- SERS, surface-enhanced Raman scattering
- Si-AuNPs, silica-encapsulated AuNPs
- Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)
- crRNAs, CRISPR RNAs
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Affiliation(s)
- Kihyun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | | | - Younju Joung
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Kyeongnyeon Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Hajun Dang
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Sachin Ganpat Chavan
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Min-Ho Lee
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
| | - Jaebum Choo
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, South Korea
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22
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Komatsu T, Sato Y, Maeki M, Ishida A, Tani H, Tokeshi M. Rapid, sensitive universal paper-based device enhances competitive immunoassays of small molecules. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1144:85-95. [PMID: 33453801 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Competitive immunoassays comprise the standard means of detecting small molecules. However, conventional methods using microwells are difficult to apply during point-of-care tests (POCT) because they require complicated handling and are time consuming. Although paper-based analytical devices (PAD) have received considerable focus because of their rapid and straightforward operation, only a few devices have been proposed for competitive immunoassays. Herein, we describe a novel universal PAD format with a 3-dimensional configuration for competitive immunoassays that rapidly and sensitively detects small molecules. The proposed device comprised a layered structure with uniform color formation and high capture efficiency between antigen and antibody that results in rapid and reproducible results. The device rapidly (90 s) assayed biotin as a model target, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 5.08 ng mL-1, and detected progesterone with an LOD of 84 pg mL-1 within 5 min. Moreover, sample volumes and reagent consumption rates were minimized. Thus, our device could be applied to competitive immunoassays of various small molecules in POCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Komatsu
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Yuki Sato
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Maeki
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Akihiko Ishida
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan.
| | - Hirofumi Tani
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan
| | - Manabu Tokeshi
- Division of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Kita 13 Nishi 8, Kita, Sapporo, 060-8628, Japan; Innovative Research Centre for Preventive Medical Engineering, Nagoya University, Furo-cho Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan; Institute of Innovation for Future Society, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601, Japan.
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23
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Designing Sensing Devices Using Porous Composite Materials. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs5010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The need for portable and inexpensive analytical devices for various critical issues has led researchers to seek novel materials to construct them. Soft porous materials, such as paper and sponges, are ideal candidates for fabricating such devices due to their light weight and high availability. More importantly, their great compatibility toward modifications and add-ons allows them to be customized to match different objectives. As a result, porous material-based composites have been extensively used to construct sensing devices applied in various fields, such as point-of-care testing, environmental sensing, and human motion detection. In this article, we present fundamental thoughts on how to design a sensing device based on these interesting composite materials and provide correlated examples for reader’s references. First, a rundown of devices made with porous composite materials starting from their fabrication techniques and compatible detection methods is given. Thereafter, illustrations are provided on how device function and property improvements are achieved with a delicate use of composite materials. This includes extending device lifetime by using polymer films to protect the base material, while signal readout can be enhanced by a careful selection of protective cover and the application of advanced photo image analysis techniques. In addition to chemical sensors, mechanical responsive devices based on conductive composite materials are also discussed with a focus on base material selection and platform design. We hope the ideas and discussions presented in this article can help researchers interested in designing sensing devices understand the importance and usefulness of composite materials.
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Wang CM, Chen CY, Liao WS. Enclosed paper-based analytical devices: Concept, variety, and outlook. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1144:158-174. [PMID: 33453793 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based analytical devices possess desirable properties such as low cost, convenient production, and rapid output. These advantages over conventional analytical devices have attracted tremendous attention in recent years, and an abundance of fabrication techniques have been achieved with different designs. Related approaches are adopted by scientists and engineers from different research fields to create practical devices tailored for various applications. Among a diverse selection of strategies, paper-based analytical devices featuring enclosed channels can protect its contents from environmental harm, which is helpful in designing paper-based devices aimed toward practical use. However, superior properties of enclosed device designs have often been neglected when a paper-based platform is selected, and related discussion is still lacking in the field. To fill this empty space in the relevant literature, important issues are highlighted and recent research achievements are included in this article, which should have implication for scientists interested in sensing technology, analytical chemistry, material science, and miniaturized devices. For the convenience of reader's understanding, this article provides a general introduction to the basic properties and concepts of paper-based analytical devices. Firstly, commonly used fabrication strategies and detection methods are mentioned, with an in-depth emphasis on paper-based devices with enclosed channels, including breakthroughs in device types, thoughts on novel fabrication, and practical application examples. Subsequently, other important topics related to enclosed paper-based device design are summarized, and future challenges and opportunities in the field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Ming Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chong-You Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ssu Liao
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
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Multienzyme chemiluminescent foldable biosensor for on-site detection of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 162:112232. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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26
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Microfluidic Paper-Based Analytical Device for Histidine Determination. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 192:812-821. [PMID: 32592084 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-020-03365-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A laminated paper-based analytical device (LPAD) for histidine detection was fabricated from a chromatography filtration paper and laminate films. Histidine recognition was effected by histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS), and its detection was signaled colorimetrically based on the molybdenum blue reaction. The analytical conditions and detectable concentration range of histidine were examined. The method provided selective quantification from 1 to 100 μM histidine. LPAD fabrication is considerably simple, involving only the craft-cutting of the chromatography filtration paper and laminate film, and is cost-effective.
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Mazurkiewicz W, Podrażka M, Jarosińska E, Kappalakandy Valapil K, Wiloch M, Jönsson‐Niedziółka M, Witkowska Nery E. Paper‐Based Electrochemical Sensors and How to Make Them (Work). ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Mazurkiewicz
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Marta Podrażka
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Elżbieta Jarosińska
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Magdalena Wiloch
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Emilia Witkowska Nery
- Institute of Physical ChemistryPolish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
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28
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Micro-PAD card for measuring total ammonia nitrogen in saliva. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:3167-3176. [PMID: 32303795 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02577-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This work presents a portable microfluidic paper-based analytical device (micro-PAD) card for the quantification of total ammonia nitrogen in human saliva. The amount of total ammonia nitrogen in saliva can be an indicator of the status of the oral microbiome with potential correlation to kidney health problems. The developed micro-PAD card comprises twenty units consisting of three stacked layers of circular discs: the sample layer, paper discs impregnated with sodium hydroxide solution, the PTFE membrane layer, and the detection layer, paper discs impregnated with bromothymol blue. The twenty units were aligned on transparent laminating pouches laminated to form the micro-PAD card (7.5 cm × 10.5 cm). Saliva samples can be directly dispensed onto the micro-PAD card and the detection was achieved by the BTB indicator color change, from yellow to blue, after conversion of ammonium into ammonia and diffusion of the ammonia gas through a hydrophobic layer. The determination of total ammonia nitrogen in saliva using the developed micro-PAD card intended to be very simple method and operated without the need of laboratory equipment. A quantification limit of 11.3 NH4+mg L-1 and linear application range from up to 150 NH4+mg L-1 were obtained making it suitable for the expected concentrations of total ammonia nitrogen in human saliva. It was successfully applied to saliva samples and its validation obtained by comparison against a potentiometric method. The card is stable for at least 1 month making it ideal as a portable device for point-of-care diagnosis. Graphical Abstract.
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29
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Paper-based point-of-care immunoassays: Recent advances and emerging trends. Biotechnol Adv 2020; 39:107442. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2019.107442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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30
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Zhao Y, Zeng D, Yan C, Chen W, Ren J, Jiang Y, Jiang L, Xue F, Ji D, Tang F, Zhou M, Dai J. Rapid and accurate detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in beef using microfluidic wax-printed paper-based ELISA. Analyst 2020; 145:3106-3115. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00224k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a severe foodborne pathogen. Paper-based ELISA can rapidly and accurately detect E.coli O157:H7 in beef. The method has good sensitivity, specificity and repeatability. It is suitable for point-of-care testing and offers new ideas for the detection of other foodborne pathogens.
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31
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Zhang Z, Ma X, Li B, Zhao J, Qi J, Hao G, Jianhui R, Yang X. Fluorescence detection of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid by ratiometric fluorescence imaging on paper-based microfluidic chips. Analyst 2020; 145:963-974. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an01798d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Novel microfluidic ratiometric fluorescent paper chips for rapid and visual detection of 2,4-D through a fluorescence resonance energy transfer sensing mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Zhang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing Safety Control
- and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Xin Ma
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing Safety Control
- and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Bowei Li
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai
- China
| | - Jia Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
- The University of Hong Kong
- Pokfulam
- Hong Kong
| | - Ji Qi
- Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation
- Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Yantai
- China
| | - Guoying Hao
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing Safety Control
- and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
- China
| | - Rong Jianhui
- School of Chinese Medicine
- Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine
- The University of Hong Kong
- Pokfulam
- Hong Kong
| | - Xingbin Yang
- Shaanxi Engineering Laboratory for Food Green Processing Safety Control
- and College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science
- Shaanxi Normal University
- Xi'an
- China
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Chu W, Chen Y, Liu W, Zhang L, Guo X. Three-dimensional ring-oven washing technique for a paper-based immunodevice. LUMINESCENCE 2019; 35:503-511. [PMID: 31868303 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Washing is a standard step for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) performed on a paper-based chip, in which nonspecific-binding antibodies and antigens should be removed completely from the paper surface. In this study, a novel three-dimensional (3D) washing strategy using a heating ring-oven was carried out on a paper-based chip. Compared with a plane washing mode by a ring-oven, this 3D washing strategy obtained a lower background, as gravity played an important role in the washing step. The paper-based chip was placed on a 3D plastic holder and the waste area was connected to a heating ring. Use of a heating waste area meant that the nonspecific-binding protein was continuously carried to the waste area through gravity and capillary action. The angle between the plastic holder and the ring plane was carefully selected. The effect of washing on different parts of the detection area was investigated by upconversion fluorescence and chemiluminescence (CL). This novel 3D washing strategy was performed for carcinoembryonic antigen detection through CL and a lower detection limit of 2 pg ml-1 was obtained. This approach provides an effective washing strategy to remove nonspecific-binding antibody from a paper-based immunodevice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiru Chu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, China
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Guo X, Guo Y, Liu W, Chen Y, Chu W. Fabrication of paper-based microfluidic device by recycling foamed plastic and the application for multiplexed measurement of biomarkers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 223:117341. [PMID: 31319269 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) are emerging as effective analytical platforms for point-of-care assays in resource-limited areas. Simple and cost-effective fabrication method still remains challenging on μPADs. A simple and cost-effective method for fabricating paper-based devices was presented in this work by using of dipping strategy with the recycled polystyrene in chloroform as the hydrophobic reagent. Adhesive tape was employed as mask to transfer the hydrophilic channel pattern to the paper substrate. With the single-sided adhesive tape stuck on the hydrophilic parts of the paper surface, the paper-based device was immersed in chloroform solution with dissolving recycling polystyrene for several seconds. Then the hydrophilic pattern can be achieved and all the other parts on the paper surface were hydrophobic. The adhesive tape was torn off from the hydrophilic parts. The highest contact angle value of 114° of the hydrophobic part was acquired with this simple fabrication method. By using of the sandwich-type immunoreactions and luminol-H2O2p-iodophenol (PIP) chemiluminescence(CL) system, three cancer biomarkers were simultaneously detected in human serum samples on μPADs with the linear range of 0.05-80.0 ng·mL-1 for carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), 5.0-80.0 ng·mL-1 for alpha-fetal protein (AFP) and 1.0-50.0 ng·mL-1 for prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The fabricating strategy with recycling polystyrene and adhesive tape provides a versatile platform for prototyping of μPADs in both developed and resource constrained region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Guo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
| | - Yumei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China.
| | - Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
| | - Weiru Chu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, PR China
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Yang H, Hu M, Li Z, Zhao P, Xie L, Song X, Yu J. Donor/Acceptor-Induced Ratiometric Photoelectrochemical Paper Analytical Device with a Hollow Double-Hydrophilic-Walls Channel for microRNA Quantification. Anal Chem 2019; 91:14577-14585. [PMID: 31631655 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Integrating ratiometric photoelectrochemical (PEC) techniques with paper microfluidics to construct a ratiometric PEC paper analytical device for practical application is often restricted by the grave dependence of ratiometric assay on photoactive materials and low mass-transfer rates of the paper channel. Herein, a universal donor/acceptor-induced ratiometric PEC paper analytical device with a hollow double-hydrophilic-walls channel (HDHC) was fabricated for high-performance microRNA-141 (miRNA-141) quantification. Concretely, a photoanode and photocathode were integrated on the paper-based sensing platform in which the photocathode served as a biosensing site for the pursuit of higher selectivity. For formulation of a cascading signal amplification strategy, a unique duplex-specific nuclease-induced target recycling reaction was engineered for the output of a double amount of all useful DNA linkers instead of conventional output of only one available DNA product, which could guarantee the output of abundant DNA linkers with the initiation of a cascade of hybridization chain reaction on both the trunk and branch in the presence of miRNA-141. Then the formed dendriform polymeric DNA duplex structures were further decorated with glucose oxidase (GOx)-mimicking gold nanoparticles by the electrostatic interaction to form a branchy gold tree (BGT). Profiting from the perfect GOx-mimicking activity of BGT and high mass-transfer rates of HDHC, the cathodic photocurrent from Ag2S/Cu2O hybrid structure was in a "signal off" state while the anodic photocurrent from graphene quantum dots (GQDs) and Ag2Se QDs cosensitized ZnO nanosheets was in a "signal on" state because BGT-catalyzed glucose oxidation reaction evoked the consumption of dissolved O2 as an electron acceptor and the generation of H2O2 as an electron donor. With calculation of the ratio of two photocurrent intensities, the quantitative detection of miRNA-141 was achieved with high sensitivity, accuracy, and reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Mengsu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Zhenglin Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Peini Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Li Xie
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology , Shandong Tumor Hospital and Institute , Jinan 250117 , China
| | - Xianrang Song
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology , Shandong Tumor Hospital and Institute , Jinan 250117 , China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
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35
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Raj N, Breedveld V, Hess DW. Fabrication of fully enclosed paper microfluidic devices using plasma deposition and etching. LAB ON A CHIP 2019; 19:3337-3343. [PMID: 31501838 DOI: 10.1039/c9lc00746f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A fully enclosed paper microfluidic device has been fabricated using pentafluoroethane (PFE) plasma deposition followed by O2 plasma etching. Structures with one and two non-interacting, fully enclosed hydrophilic channels were generated in a single paper sheet using metal masks. Furthermore, by performing an additional O2 plasma step with a secondary mask, pinholes were created at the reaction zones for reagent loading. Finally, to demonstrate the functionality of the device, a glucose assay was performed. Quantitative analysis of glucose assays showed that the device can be used for the clinically relevant range of glucose. To our knowledge, this is the first time that such structures have been fabricated without paper stacking. Multi-layer devices have enhanced functionality relative to a single channel device, because the design space for creating networks of channels within the paper substrate is greatly expanded. The fluid-filled channels in the fabricated device are isolated, thereby preventing contamination due to handling and environmental exposure. Fluid evaporation can be inhibited by sealing the device with adhesive tape without contaminating the enclosed channels. The method described is a dry process and compatible with roll-to-roll technology, thus facilitating large scale production. The novel method to fabricate enclosed μ-PADs overcomes many of the limitations experienced with current approaches and thus offers an alternative means to develop low-cost point-of-care diagnostics for resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Raj
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0100, USA.
| | - V Breedveld
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0100, USA.
| | - D W Hess
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 311 Ferst Drive NW, Atlanta, GA 30332-0100, USA.
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New Single-Layered Paper-Based Microfluidic Devices for the Analysis of Nitrite and Glucose Built via Deposition of Adhesive Tape. SENSORS 2019; 19:s19194082. [PMID: 31546594 PMCID: PMC6806245 DOI: 10.3390/s19194082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A simple, low-cost technique has been developed for the rapid fabrication of single-layered paper-based microfluidic devices (μPADs). This technique, for the first time, made use of the deposition of patterned adhesive tape into the filter paper to construct hydrophobic barriers, with the help of toluene. Unlike other reported multi-layered μPADs that merely made use of adhesive tape as a separate layer for sealing or fluid flow controlling, the patterned adhesive tape was simultaneously dissolved and penetrated into the filter paper, which resulted in the successful transfer of the pattern from the tape to the filter paper. To demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach, nitrite and glucose were individually measured; detection limits as low as 0.015 ± 0.004 mM and 0.022 ± 0.006 mM were reported for nitrite and glucose, respectively. Multiplexed analysis of both analytes was also carried out with respective detection limits of 0.048 ± 0.005 mM and 0.025 ± 0.006 mM for nitrite and glucose. The application of the method was demonstrated by measuring nitrite and glucose in spiked artificial urine samples and satisfied recovery results were obtained.
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Hassanzadeh J, Al Lawati HAJ, Al Lawati I. Metal-Organic Framework Loaded by Rhodamine B As a Novel Chemiluminescence System for the Paper-Based Analytical Devices and Its Application for Total Phenolic Content Determination in Food Samples. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10631-10639. [PMID: 31311265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a novel paper-based chemiluminescence (CL) device has been reported for the estimation of total phenolic content of food samples. The CL system implemented on the paper was based on a hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-rhodamine b (RhoB)-cobalt metal organic framework (CoMOF) reaction. It was found that the reaction of H2O2 with RhoB molecules, loaded into the nanopores of CoMOF (R@CoMOF), can produce an intensive CL emission. The experiments on the paper indicated that in the presence of CoMOF, the CL emission was greatly increased. In addition to this strong catalyzing effect, application of CoMOF on the paper improved the stability of the CL system for several days. As a useful analytical application for the obtained paper-based CL device (PCD), it was examined for the detection of phenolic antioxidants. It was observed that the addition of 5 μL of phenolic compounds (PC) on the paper containing the CL reagents can remarkably decrease the CL intensity. This effect was applied to design a simple analytical assay for PC. After the optimization process, the best sensitivity was obtained for gallic acid, quercetin, catechin, kaempferol, and caffeic acid with detection limits of 0.98, 1.36, 1.48, 1.81, and 2.55 ng mL-1, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSD%) were also less than 5%. This study is the first report on the practical application of PCD using a nanomaterial assisted CL reaction. It is simple, portable, and low-cost and consumes a very low amount of reagents and sample solution. The device was successfully applied in the investigation of total antioxidant capacity of molasses and honey samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javad Hassanzadeh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Sultan Qaboos University , Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Muscat , Oman
| | - Haider A J Al Lawati
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Sultan Qaboos University , Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Muscat , Oman
| | - Iman Al Lawati
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science , Sultan Qaboos University , Box 36, Al-Khod 123 , Muscat , Oman
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38
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Zhang H, Smith E, Zhang W, Zhou A. Inkjet printed microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) for glucose colorimetric detection in artificial urine. Biomed Microdevices 2019; 21:48. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-019-0388-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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39
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Paper-Based Microfluidics for Point-of-Care Medical Diagnostics. Bioanalysis 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-6229-3_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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40
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Jiang X, Loeb JC, Manzanas C, Lednicky JA, Fan ZH. Valve-Enabled Sample Preparation and RNA Amplification in a Coffee Mug for Zika Virus Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:17211-17214. [PMID: 30358036 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201809993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Revised: 10/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The recent outbreaks of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection represent a public health challenge. Rapid, cost-effective, and reliable diagnostic tools for ZIKV detection at the point of care (POC) are highly desirable, especially for resource-limited nations. To address the need, we have developed an integrated device to achieve sample-to-answer ZIKV detection. The device features innovative ball-based valves enabling the storage and sequential delivery of reagents for virus lysis and a paper-based unit for RNA enrichment and purification. The paper unit is placed in a commercially available coffee mug that provides a constant temperature for reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP), followed by colorimetric detection by naked eye or a cellphone camera. Using the device, we demonstrated the reproducible detection of ZIKV in human urine and saliva samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Julia C Loeb
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Carlos Manzanas
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - John A Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Z Hugh Fan
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, P.O. Box 116250, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
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Jiang X, Loeb JC, Manzanas C, Lednicky JA, Fan ZH. Valve‐Enabled Sample Preparation and RNA Amplification in a Coffee Mug for Zika Virus Detection. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201809993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Jiang
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Julia C. Loeb
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, and Emerging Pathogens Institute University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Carlos Manzanas
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Florida P.O. Box 116250 Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - John A. Lednicky
- Department of Environmental and Global Health, and Emerging Pathogens Institute University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
| | - Z. Hugh Fan
- J. Crayton Pruitt Family Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Florida P.O. Box 116250 Gainesville FL 32611 USA
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42
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Lin H, Wang Y, Wang T, Wu D, Li G, Deng C. Combined analysis of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol and cotinine in urine by heart cutting two-dimensional LC-MS/MS. SEPARATION SCIENCE PLUS 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/sscp.201800117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huaqing Lin
- Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group; Shanghai P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Yangzhong Wang
- Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Tiannan Wang
- Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Da Wu
- Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Technology Center of Shanghai Tobacco Group; Shanghai P. R. China
| | - Chunhui Deng
- Department of Chemistry; Institutes of Biomedical Sciences; Fudan University; Shanghai P. R. China
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Shirai A, Nakashima K, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Development of a single-step immunoassay microdevice based on a graphene oxide-containing hydrogel possessing fluorescence quenching and size separation functions. Analyst 2018; 142:472-477. [PMID: 28091627 DOI: 10.1039/c6an02485h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An immunoassay, which is an indispensable analytical method both in biological research and in medical fields was successfully integrated into a "single-step" by developing a microdevice composed of a graphene oxide (GO)-containing hydrogel and a poly (dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) microchannel array with a polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating containing a fluorescently-labelled antibody. Here we used 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate (HEMA) as a monomer that is easily, and homogeneously, mixed with GO to synthesize the hydrogel. The fluorescence quenching and size separation functions were then optimized by controlling the ratios of HEMA and GO. Free fluorescently-labelled antibody was successfully separated from the immunoreaction mixture by the hydrogel network structure, and the fluorescence was subsequently quenched by GO. In comparison to the previously reported immunoassay system using GO, the present system achieved a very high fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) efficiency (∼90%), due to the use of direct adsorption of the fluorescently-labelled antibody to the GO surface; in contrast, the former reported method relied on indirect adsorption of the fluorescently-labelled antibody via immunocomplex formation at the GO surface. Finally, the single-step immunoassay microdevice was made by combining the developed hydrogel and the PDMS microchannel with a coating containing the fluorescently-labelled antibody, and successfully applied for the single-step analysis of IgM levels in diluted human serum by simple introduction of the sample via capillary action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Shirai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Kaho Nakashima
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1, Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan.
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44
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Fu LM, Wang YN. Detection methods and applications of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Han J, Qi A, Zhou J, Wang G, Li B, Chen L. Simple Way To Fabricate Novel Paper-Based Valves Using Plastic Comb Binding Spines. ACS Sens 2018; 3:1789-1794. [PMID: 30080022 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A novel strategy for fabricating the paper-based valves on microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) was described to control fluid in a user-friendly way. Initial prototypes of 3D μPADs manipulate the spatial distribution of fluid within the device. The movable paper channel in a different layer could be achieved using the channel's connection or disconnection to realize the valve function using plastic comb binding spines (PCBS). The entire valve manipulation process was similar to a desk calendar that can be flipped over and turned back. It is notable that this kind of PCBS valve can control a fluid in a simple and easy way without the timing setting or any trigger, and this advantage makes it user-friendly for untrained users to carry out the complex and high throughput operations. The reusable plastic comb binding spines greatly reduce the cost of fabricating paper-based valves. To evaluate the performance, the actual samples of Fe (II) and nitrite were successfully analyzed. We hope this method will introduce a new approach to fabrication of paper-based valves on μPADs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anjin Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Junrui Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Guan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Bowei Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Lingxin Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation, Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yantai 264003, China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
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Abstract
Point-of-care and in-field technologies for rapid, sensitive and selective detection of molecular biomarkers have attracted much interest. Rugged bioassay technology capable of fast detection of markers for pathogens and genetic diseases would in particular impact the quality of health care in the developing world, but would also make possible more extensive screening in developed countries to tackle problems such as those associated with water and food quality, and tracking of infectious organisms in hospitals and clinics. Literature trends indicate an increasing interest in the use of nanomaterials, and in particular luminescent nanoparticles, for assay development. These materials may offer attributes for development of assays and sensors that could achieve improvements in analytical figures of merit, and provide practical advantages in sensitivity and stability. There is opportunity for cost-efficiency and technical simplicity by implementation of luminescent nanomaterials as the basis for transduction technology, when combined with the use of paper substrates, and the ubiquitous availability of cell phone cameras and associated infrastructure for optical detection and transmission of results. Luminescent nanoparticles have been described for a broad range of bioanalytical targets including small molecules, oligonucleotides, peptides, proteins, saccharides and whole cells (e.g., cancer diagnostics). The luminescent nanomaterials that are described herein for paper-based bioassays include metal nanoparticles, quantum dots and lanthanide-doped nanocrystals. These nanomaterials often have broad and strong absorption and narrow emission bands that improve opportunity for multiplexed analysis, and can be designed to provide emission at wavelengths that are efficiently processed by conventional digital cameras. Luminescent nanoparticles can be embedded in paper substrates that are designed to direct fluid flow, and the resulting combination of technologies can offer competitive analytical performance at relatively low cost.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Ju
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergistic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech), 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, P.R. China. and Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, ON, Canada L5L 1C6.
| | - M Omair Noor
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, ON, Canada L5L 1C6.
| | - Ulrich J Krull
- Chemical Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Toronto Mississauga, 3359 Mississauga Road, ON, Canada L5L 1C6.
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47
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Shirai A, Henares TG, Sueyoshi K, Endo T, Hisamoto H. Fast and single-step immunoassay based on fluorescence quenching within a square glass capillary immobilizing graphene oxide-antibody conjugate and fluorescently labelled antibody. Analyst 2018; 141:3389-94. [PMID: 27127806 DOI: 10.1039/c5an02637g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A single-step, easy-to-use, and fast capillary-type immunoassay device composed of a polyethylene glycol (PEG) coating containing two kinds of antibody-reagents, including an antibody-graphene oxide conjugate and fluorescently labelled antibody, was developed in this study. The working principle involved the spontaneous dissolution of the PEG coating, diffusion of reagents, and subsequent immunoreaction, triggered by the capillary action-mediated introduction of a sample solution. In a sample solution containing the target antigen, two types of antibody reagents form a sandwich-type antigen-antibody complex and fluorescence quenching takes place via fluorescence resonance energy transfer between the labelled fluorescent molecules and graphene oxide. Antigen concentration can be measured based on the decrease in fluorescence intensity. An antigen concentration-dependent response was obtained for the model target protein sample (human IgG, 0.2-10 μg mL(-1)). The present method can shorten the reaction time to within 1 min (approximately 40 s), while conventional methods using the same reagents require reaction times of approximately 20 min because of the large reaction scale. The proposed method is one of the fastest immunoassays ever reported. Finally, the present device was used to measure human IgG in diluted serum samples to demonstrate that this method can be used for fast medical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Shirai
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Terence G Henares
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Kenji Sueyoshi
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Tatsuro Endo
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
| | - Hideaki Hisamoto
- Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho Nakaku, Sakai City, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.
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48
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Yang H, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Cui K, Ge S, Huang J, Yu J. Stackable Lab-on-Paper Device with All-in-One Au Electrode for High-Efficiency Photoelectrochemical Cyto-Sensing. Anal Chem 2018; 90:7212-7220. [PMID: 29782145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b00153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Highly conductive, robust, and multifunctional integrated paper-supported electrodes are requisite to fulfill the promise of paper-based analytical application. Herein, an all-in-one Au electrode comprising of detection zone, waterproof electronic bridge, and signal output contactor was engineered via combining the double-sided growth method with the secondary wax-printing. Benefiting from the strongly omnidirectional conductivity and desirably mechanical robustness of the as-prepared electrode, a stackable lab-on-paper cyto-device integrated with high-efficiency photoelectrochemical strategy was developed for the MCF-7 cells assay. Specifically, the detection zone of the electrode, serving as the signal generator, was functionalized with a low-toxic cosensitized structure composed of corn-like ZnO nanorods, graphene quantum dots (GQDs), and Ag2Se QDs. With the proximity control of DNA hairpin-based aptamer probe (DHAP), a strong photocurrent could be promoted by the activated cosensitization effect and collected on the signal output contactor via the electron transport of waterproof electronic bridge. Upon the MCF-7 cells recognition, the DHAP switched from closed to open state with the formation of DNA-cell bioconjugates and the spatial separation of Ag2Se QDs linked on the terminal of DHAP from the electrode surface. The photocurrent was noticeably decreased due to the double inhibition of steric hindrance effect and vanished cosensitization effect. Based on the target-triggered photocurrent attenuation, the sensitive detection of target cells was achieved. This work not only provided a unique method for paper-based electrode preparation but also offered a powerful platform for the highly sensitive photoelectrochemical bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongmei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Yan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Kang Cui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Shenguang Ge
- Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Jiadong Huang
- School of Biological Science and Technology , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , University of Jinan , Jinan 250022 , China
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49
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Pham XH, Hahm E, Kim TH, Kim HM, Lee SH, Lee YS, Jeong DH, Jun BH. Enzyme-catalyzed Ag Growth on Au Nanoparticle-assembled Structure for Highly Sensitive Colorimetric Immunoassay. Sci Rep 2018; 8:6290. [PMID: 29674713 PMCID: PMC5908853 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24664-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We have developed a sensitive colorimetric immunoassay with broad dynamic range using enzyme-catalyzed Ag growth on gold nanoparticle (NP)-assembled silica (SiO2@Au@Ag). To reduce Ag+ ion content and promote Ag growth on the assembled Au NPs, alkaline phosphatase (AP)-based enzymatic amplification was incorporated, which considerably increased the colorimetric read-out. As a model study, sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to quantify target IgG. The immune complexes capture the Ab-IgG-AP-labeled detection Ab and trigger the enzyme-catalyzed reaction to convert 2-phospho-L-ascorbic acid to ascorbic acid in the presence of the target IgG. Ascorbic acid reduced Ag+ to Ag, which formed Ag shells on the surface of SiO2@Au and enhanced the absorbance of the SiO2@Au@Ag solution. Plasmonic immunoassay showed a significant linear relationship between absorbance and the logarithm of IgG concentration in the range of ca. 7 × 10-13 M to 7 × 10-11 M. The detection limit was at 1.4 × 10-13 M, which is several hundred folds higher than that of any conventional colorimetric immunoassay. Thus, our novel approach of signal-amplification can be used for highly sensitive in vitro diagnostics and detection of target proteins with the naked eye without using any sophisticated instrument.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan-Hung Pham
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunil Hahm
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Han Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Mo Kim
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Hun Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Sik Lee
- School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hong Jeong
- Department of Chemistry Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong-Hyun Jun
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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50
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Kong Q, Wang Y, Zhang L, Xu C, Yu J. Highly sensitive microfluidic paper-based photoelectrochemical sensing platform based on reversible photo-oxidation products and morphology-preferable multi-plate ZnO nanoflowers. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 110:58-64. [PMID: 29602031 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.03.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
A microfluidic paper-based analytical device (μPAD) was simply constructed for highly sensitive detection of L-glutamic acid and L-cysteine. The μPAD featured with two functional zones on one strip of paper achieved by preferable multi-plate ZnO nanoflowers (ZnO NFs) and molecularly imprinting polymer (MIP) membranes. The as-designed μPAD was established based on the inherent relation between the photo-oxidation products and photoelectrochemical (PEC) performance with the highly sensitive detection of biomolecules. The ZnO NFs were utilized to produce photo-oxidation products by driving the reaction between ferrocenemethanol and photogenerated holes under ultraviolet light. The photo-oxidation products easily flowed to MIP membranes along the hydrophilic channel via capillary action. MIP membranes as the receptors specifically recognized the analytes as well as decreased the electron loss by blocking the reduction reaction between electrons and photo-oxidation products. The PEC response was obtained in the processes of electrons transfer and exhibited the direct relationships corresponding to the concentrations of target analytes. The μPAD showed the detection limits toward L-glutamic acid and L-cysteine as low as 9.6 pM and 24 pM, respectively. Moreover, it is interesting to point out that ZnO NFs nanostructure shows superior PEC signal compared with those of ZnO nanospheres, nanosheets, and nanorod arrays. In current work, photo-oxidation products are utilized to achieve highly sensitive PEC detection for biomolecules under ultraviolet light as well as avoid the effects of multiple modifications in the same region on the reproducibility, which is beneficial for opening up rich possibility for designing more efficient analytical strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingkun Kong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Yanhu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Preparation and Measurement of Building Materials, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China
| | - Caixia Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
| | - Jinghua Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute for Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, PR China.
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