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Zhuang L, Gong J, Zhao Y, Yang J, Liu G, Zhao B, Song C, Zhang Y, Shen Q. Progress in methods for the detection of viable Escherichia coli. Analyst 2024; 149:1022-1049. [PMID: 38273740 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01750h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Escherichia coli (E. coli) is a prevalent enteric bacterium and a necessary organism to monitor for food safety and environmental purposes. Developing efficient and specific methods is critical for detecting and monitoring viable E. coli due to its high prevalence. Conventional culture methods are often laborious and time-consuming, and they offer limited capability in detecting potentially harmful viable but non-culturable E. coli in the tested sample, which highlights the need for improved approaches. Hence, there is a growing demand for accurate and sensitive methods to determine the presence of viable E. coli. This paper scrutinizes various methods for detecting viable E. coli, including culture-based methods, molecular methods that target DNAs and RNAs, bacteriophage-based methods, biosensors, and other emerging technologies. The review serves as a guide for researchers seeking additional methodological options and aiding in the development of rapid and precise assays. Moving forward, it is anticipated that methods for detecting E. coli will become more stable and robust, ultimately contributing significantly to the improvement of food safety and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Zhuang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, P. R. China.
| | - Jiansen Gong
- Poultry Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Yangzhou 225125, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, P. R. China.
| | - Jianbo Yang
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Guofang Liu
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Chunlei Song
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering & Basic Medicine Research and Innovation Center of Ministry of Education, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, Nanjing 211102, P. R. China.
| | - Qiuping Shen
- School of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Vocational College of Agriculture and Forestry, Jurong 212400, P. R. China.
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Wang R, Li HD, Cao Y, Wang ZY, Yang T, Wang JH. M13 phage: a versatile building block for a highly specific analysis platform. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04606-w. [PMID: 36867197 PMCID: PMC9982796 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04606-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
Viruses are changing the biosensing and biomedicine landscape due to their multivalency, orthogonal reactivities, and responsiveness to genetic modifications. As the most extensively studied phage model for constructing a phage display library, M13 phage has received much research attention as building blocks or viral scaffolds for various applications including isolation/separation, sensing/probing, and in vivo imaging. Through genetic engineering and chemical modification, M13 phages can be functionalized into a multifunctional analysis platform with various functional regions conducting their functionality without mutual disturbance. Its unique filamentous morphology and flexibility also promoted the analytical performance in terms of target affinity and signal amplification. In this review, we mainly focused on the application of M13 phage in the analytical field and the benefit it brings. We also introduced several genetic engineering and chemical modification approaches for endowing M13 with various functionalities, and summarized some representative applications using M13 phages to construct isolation sorbents, biosensors, cell imaging probes, and immunoassays. Finally, current issues and challenges remaining in this field were discussed and future perspectives were also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Hui-Da Li
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Ying Cao
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Zi-Yi Wang
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
| | - Ting Yang
- Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819, China.
| | - Jian-Hua Wang
- grid.412252.20000 0004 0368 6968Research Center for Analytical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Box 332, Shenyang, 110819 China
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3
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Modern Analytical Techniques for Detection of Bacteria in Surface and Wastewaters. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13137229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Contamination of surface waters with pathogens as well as all diseases associated with such events are a significant concern worldwide. In recent decades, there has been a growing interest in developing analytical methods with good performance for the detection of this category of contaminants. The most important analytical methods applied for the determination of bacteria in waters are traditional ones (such as bacterial culturing methods, enzyme-linked immunoassay, polymerase chain reaction, and loop-mediated isothermal amplification) and advanced alternative methods (such as spectrometry, chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and magnetic field-assisted and hyphenated techniques). In addition, optical and electrochemical sensors have gained much attention as essential alternatives for the conventional detection of bacteria. The large number of available methods have been materialized by many publications in this field aimed to ensure the control of water quality in water resources. This study represents a critical synthesis of the literature regarding the latest analytical methods covering comparative aspects of pathogen contamination of water resources. All these aspects are presented as representative examples, focusing on two important bacteria with essential implications on the health of the population, namely Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli.
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Multiplexed detection of bacterial pathogens based on a cocktail of dual-modified phages. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1166:338596. [PMID: 34023003 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Rapid, quantitative, and sensitive assays for the multiplexed detection of bacterial pathogens are urgently needed for public health. Here, we report the generation of dual-modified phage sensors for the simultaneous detection of multiple pathogenic bacteria. The M13KE phage was dual modified to display the targeting peptide on the minor coat protein pIII (∼5 copies) and the streptavidin-binding (StrB) peptide on the major coat protein pVIII (∼2700 copies). The targeting peptide specifically recognizes the target bacteria, and the StrB peptide acts as the efficient signal amplification and transduction unit upon binding with fluorescently tagged streptavidin. The bright fluorescence emitted from individual target bacteria can be clearly distinguished from the background via both the flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. Three different dual-modified phages targeting E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were constructed, and high specificity was verified via a large excess of other non-target bacteria. Using a 40 mL sample volume, the target bacteria detection limit was approximately 102 cells/mL via flow cytometry measurement in the presence of other non-target bacteria. By combining these three dual-modified phages into a cocktail, simultaneous detection and quantification of three target bacterial pathogens was demonstrated with good linearity. The strategy of constructing dual-modified phage represents a promising tool in the detection of bacterial pathogens.
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5
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Fast and Sensitive Bacteria Detection by Boronic Acid Modified Fluorescent Dendrimer. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21093115. [PMID: 33946193 PMCID: PMC8124657 DOI: 10.3390/s21093115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study reports a novel, fast, easy, and sensitive detection method for bacteria which is urgently needed to diagnose infections in their early stages. Our work presents a complex of poly(amidoamine) dendrimer modified by phenylboronic acid and labeled by a fluorescent dansyl group (Dan-B8.5-PAMAM). Our system detects bacteria in 20 min with a sensitivity of approximately 104 colony-forming units (CFU)·mL−1. Moreover, it does not require any peculiar technical skills or expensive materials. The driving force for bacteria recognition is the binding between terminal phenylboronic acids on the probe and bacteria’s surface glycolipids, rather than electrostatic interactions. The aggregation caused by such binding reduces fluorescence. Even though our recognition method does not distinguish between live or dead bacteria, it shows selective antibacterial activity towards Gram-negative bacteria. This study may potentially contribute a new method for the convenient detection and killing of bacteria.
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Huang J, Zhong Y, Li W, Wang W, Li C, Wang A, Yan H, Wan Y, Li J. Fluorescent and Opt-Electric Recording Bacterial Identification Device for Ultrasensitive and Specific Detection of Microbials. ACS Sens 2021; 6:443-449. [PMID: 33369433 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c02007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Since microbial detection is an important aspect for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases, an ideal detection system with high sensitivity, strong specificity, and timeliness is needed. Here, we proposed a fluorescent and opt-electric recording bacterial identification device (FORBID) for fully automatic real-time photoelectric sensing analysis of microbials by integrating the metabolic characteristics of microbial and selective substrate catalysis. It simplifies the testing process (one-step) and decreases the need of professional technicians. Besides, the system exhibits ultrasensitive (1 CFU/mL) and specific detection (99%) in both microbials, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. More importantly, the timeliness of this system is even better than that of the traditional culture methods. It is believed that this system can be extended to the detection of other microorganisms and provide a potential alternative for the detection of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaomei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Marine College, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yongjie Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Marine College, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wenxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Marine College, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Wenxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Marine College, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Chaoyang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Marine College, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Aimin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Marine College, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Marine College, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Yi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Marine College, Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jinghong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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7
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Sun J, Huang J, Warden AR, Ding X. Real-time detection of foodborne bacterial viability using a colorimetric bienzyme system in food and drinking water. Food Chem 2020; 320:126581. [PMID: 32208183 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.126581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Foodborne bacterial infection poses a serious threat to human health. As most diseases are caused by living bacteria, real-time assessment of bacterial viability is vitally important to the public health sector. Herein, we developed a simple and novel colorimetric assay based on the Glucose oxidase (GOD)/Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) bienzyme system for real-time monitoring of bacterial viability in food and drinking water. This bienzyme system is free of any chemical synthesis and only requires 3 sample handling steps. The color response is easily observable with the naked eye or recordable with a smartphone for precise determination of bacterial viability. The proposed strategy was validated with various bacteria both Gram-positive and Gram-negative, indicating its capability for broad-spectrum bacteria viability detection. Therefore, the proposed strategy shows promise for rapid and reliable quality control in food and drinking water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Jia Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Antony R Warden
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xianting Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Oncogenes and Related Genes, Institute for Personalized Medicine, School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
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8
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Wu Y, Fu A, Yossifon G. Active particles as mobile microelectrodes for selective bacteria electroporation and transport. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaay4412. [PMID: 32064350 PMCID: PMC6989140 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aay4412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Self-propelling micromotors are emerging as a promising micro- and nanoscale tool for single-cell analysis. We have recently shown that the field gradients necessary to manipulate matter via dielectrophoresis can be induced at the surface of a polarizable active ("self-propelling") metallodielectric Janus particle (JP) under an externally applied electric field, acting essentially as a mobile floating microelectrode. Here, we successfully demonstrated that the application of an external electric field can singularly trap and transport bacteria and can selectively electroporate the trapped bacteria. Selective electroporation, enabled by the local intensification of the electric field induced by the JP, was obtained under both continuous alternating current and pulsed signal conditions. This approach is generic and applicable to bacteria and JP, as well as a wide range of cell types and micromotor designs. Hence, it constitutes an important and novel experimental tool for single-cell analysis and targeted delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Micro- and Nanofluidics Laboratory, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Afu Fu
- Technion Integrated Cancer Center, Rappaport Faculty of Medicine and Research Institute, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3109602, Israel
| | - Gilad Yossifon
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Micro- and Nanofluidics Laboratory, Technion–Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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9
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Xu J, Zhao C, Chau Y, Lee YK. The synergy of chemical immobilization and electrical orientation of T4 bacteriophage on a micro electrochemical sensor for low-level viable bacteria detection via Differential Pulse Voltammetry. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 151:111914. [PMID: 31999572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 11/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a wild-type T4 bacteriophage based micro electrochemical sensor (T4B-MES) was developed for specific and sensitive detection of viable pathogenic bacteria. Recently, bacteriophage has been widely applied as recognition elements for bacteria detection due to its low cost, high stability and specificity. Firstly, a systematic study was proposed in this paper to investigate the synergy of externally applied electric field and chemical functionalization on phage immobilization, involving several key factors such as Debye length. According to our experiments, the capture efficiency of the deposited phages had reached the maximum when the Debye length was comparable to the phage size. With the optimized immobilization protocol, the sensitivity of the T4B-MES was then determined with Differential Pulse Voltammetry (DPV), providing a quite low detection limit of 14 ± 5 cfu/mL and a wide dynamic range of 1.9 × 101-1.9 × 108 cfu/mL. In addition, the T4B-MES demonstrated the ability to distinguish viable and dead bacteria cells with high specificity, making it a promising solution in a variety of applications, e.g., water quality monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingting Xu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ying Chau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yi-Kuen Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China; Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.
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Pei Q, Song X, Liu S, Wang J, Leng X, Cui X, Yu J, Wang Y, Huang J. A facile signal-on electrochemical DNA sensing platform for ultrasensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria based on Exo III-assisted autonomous multiple-cycle amplification. Analyst 2019; 144:3023-3029. [PMID: 30900712 DOI: 10.1039/c9an00036d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A facile signal-on electrochemical DNA biosensor has been developed for ultrasensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria using an Exo III-assisted autonomous multiple-cycle amplification strategy. The strategy relies on pathogens and aptamer binding-initiated release of a trigger, which combines with the 3'-protruding terminus of the hairpin probe 1, leading to the formation of double-stranded DNA with a blunt 3' terminus which starts the Exo III-assisted multiple signal amplification reaction. In addition, hairpin probe 2 labeled with an electroactive reporter at the middle of the loop region is ingeniously designed to contain a short hairpin-embedded segment, which can fold into a hairpin structure via an Exo III-assisted cleavage reaction, thus bringing the redox molecule in proximity to the electrode surface for "signal-on" sensing. Under optimal conditions, this biosensor exhibits a very low detection limit as low as 8 cfu mL-1 and a wide linear range from 1.0 × 101 to 1.0 × 107 cfu mL-1 of target pathogenic bacteria. As far as we know, this is the first time that the Exo III-assisted autonomous multiple-cycle amplification strategy has been used for signal-on electrochemical sensing of pathogenic bacteria. In addition, the proposed sensor can also be used for highly sensitive detection of other targets by changing the aptamer sequence, such as nucleic acids, proteins and small molecules. Therefore, the proposed signal-on electrochemical sensing strategy might provide a simple and practical new platform for detection of pathogenic bacteria and related biological analysis, food safety inspection and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Pei
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolei Song
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Su Liu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Jingfeng Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China.
| | - Xueqi Leng
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Xuejun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- College of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China.
| | - Jiadong Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China and College of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P.R. China.
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11
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Chen J, Picard RA, Wang D, Nugen SR. Lyophilized Engineered Phages for Escherichia coli Detection in Food Matrices. ACS Sens 2017; 2:1573-1577. [PMID: 29043791 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Ease of use, low cost, and convenient transport are the key requirements for a commercial bacteria detection kit designed for resource-limited settings. Here, we report the colorimetric detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in food samples using freeze-dried engineered bacteriophages (phages). In this approach, we have engineered T7 phages to carry the lacZ operon driven by T7 promoter to overexpress reporter enzymes. The engineered phages were freeze-dried in a water-soluble polymer for storage and transportation. When used for the detection of E. coli cells, the intracellular enzyme [β-galactosidase (β-gal)] was overexpressed and released into the surrounding media, providing an enzyme-amplified colorimetric signal. Using this strategy, we were able to detect E. coli cells at the concentration of 102 CFU mL-1 in food samples without the need for sophisticated instruments or skilled operators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Chen
- Department
of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Rachael A. Picard
- Department
of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Danhui Wang
- Department
of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Sam R. Nugen
- Department
of Food Science, Cornell University, Stocking Hall, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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12
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Wu L, Song Y, Luan T, Ma L, Su L, Wang S, Yan X. Specific detection of live Escherichia coli O157:H7 using tetracysteine-tagged PP01 bacteriophage. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 86:102-108. [PMID: 27341136 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 05/13/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Sensitive and rapid detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7, one of the most notorious bacterial pathogens, is urgently needed for public health protection. Yet, the existing methods are either lack of speed or limited in discriminating viable and dead cells. Using a recombinant bacteriophage, here we report the development of a rapid and sensitive method for live E. coli O157:H7 detection. First, the wild-type PP01 phage was engineered with a tetracysteine (TC)-tag fused with the small outer capsid (SOC) protein. Then, this PP01-TC phage was used to inoculate bacterial sample for 30min. Specific infection and rapid replication of PP01-TC phage in viable E. coli O157:H7 host cell yields a large number of progeny phages with capsids displaying TC tags that can be fluorescently labeled by a membrane permeable biarsenical dye (FlAsH). The bright green fluorescence of single E. coli O157:H7 cells can be readily detected by flow cytometry (FCM) and fluorescence microscopy. High specificity of the assay was verified with seven other bacterial strains. Practical application in E. coli O157:H7 detection in drinks was successfully demonstrated with artificially contaminated 100% apple juice. In less than three hours (including sample preconcentration) and with 40mL of sample volume, as low as 1cfu/mL E. coli O157:H7 can be detected in the presence of large excess of other nontarget bacteria via fluorescence microscopic measurement. The as-developed TC-PP01-FlAsH approach shows a great potential in the safeguard of liquid food products by providing rapid, sensitive, and specific detection of live E. coli O157:H7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Wu
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Yiyi Song
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Tian Luan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Ling Ma
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Liuqin Su
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Shuo Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China
| | - Xiaomei Yan
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, The Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, PR China.
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13
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Chen J, Jackson AA, Rotello VM, Nugen SR. Colorimetric Detection of Escherichia coli Based on the Enzyme-Induced Metallization of Gold Nanorods. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2016; 12:2469-75. [PMID: 26997252 PMCID: PMC4947128 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201503682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel enzyme-induced metallization colorimetric assay is developed to monitor and measure beta-galactosidase (β-gal) activity, and is further employed for colorimetric bacteriophage (phage)-enabled detection of Escherichia coli (E. coli). This assay relies on enzymatic reaction-induced silver deposition on the surface of gold nanorods (AuNRs). In the presence of β-gal, the substrate p-aminophenyl β-d-galactopyranoside is hydrolyzed to produce p-aminophenol (PAP). Reduction of silver ions by PAP generates a silver shell on the surface of AuNRs, resulting in the blue shift of the longitudinal localized surface plasmon resonance peak and multicolor changes of the detection solution from light green to orange-red. Under optimized conditions, the detection limit for β-gal is 128 pM, which is lower than the conventional colorimetric assay. Additionally, the assay has a broader dynamic range for β-gal detection. The specificity of this assay for the detection of β-gal is demonstrated against several protein competitors. Additionally, this technique is successfully applied to detect E. coli bacteria cells in combination with bacteriophage infection. Due to the simplicity and short incubation time of this enzyme-induced metallization colorimetric method, the assay is well suited for the detection of bacteria in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Chen
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Angelyca A. Jackson
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
| | - Sam R. Nugen
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts, 01003, USA
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Tan Y, Tian T, Liu W, Zhu Z, J Yang C. Advance in phage display technology for bioanalysis. Biotechnol J 2016; 11:732-45. [PMID: 27061133 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201500458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 01/30/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Phage display technology has emerged as a powerful tool for target gene expression and target-specific ligand selection. It is widely used to screen peptides, proteins and antibodies with the advantages of simplicity, high efficiency and low cost. A variety of targets, including ions, small molecules, inorganic materials, natural and biological polymers, nanostructures, cells, bacteria, and even tissues, have been demonstrated to generate specific binding ligands by phage display. Phages and target-specific ligands screened by phage display have been widely used as affinity reagents in therapeutics, diagnostics and biosensors. In this review, comparisons of different types of phage display systems are first presented. Particularly, microfluidic-based phage display, which enables screening with high throughput, high efficiency and integration, is highlighted. More importantly, we emphasize the advances in biosensors based on phages or phage-derived probes, including nonlytic phages, lytic phages, peptides or proteins screened by phage display, phage assemblies and phage-nanomaterial complexes. However, more efficient and higher throughput phage display methods are still needed to meet an explosion in demand for bioanalysis. Furthermore, screening of cyclic peptides and functional peptides will be the hotspot in bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuyu Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Tian Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Wenli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Zhi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
| | - Chaoyong J Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, The MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Key Laboratory for Chemical Biology of Fujian Province, Department of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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15
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Qiu T, Wang Y, Yu J, Liu S, Wang H, Guo Y, Huang J. Label-free, homogeneous, and ultrasensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria based on target-triggered isothermally exponential amplification. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra10646c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel colorimetric biosensing strategy for highly selective and ultrasensitive detection of pathogenic bacteria based on target-triggered EXPAR by the property of polymerase and nicking activity of restriction endonuclease has been reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Qiu
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Yu Wang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Jinghua Yu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Su Liu
- School of Resources and Environment
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Hongzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Yuna Guo
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
| | - Jiadong Huang
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology
- University of Jinan
- Jinan 250022
- P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Sensing & Analysis in Universities of Shandong
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17
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Chen J, Alcaine SD, Jiang Z, Rotello VM, Nugen SR. Detection of Escherichia coli in Drinking Water Using T7 Bacteriophage-Conjugated Magnetic Probe. Anal Chem 2015; 87:8977-84. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Juhong Chen
- Department
of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Samuel D. Alcaine
- Department
of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ziwen Jiang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Vincent M. Rotello
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts, 710 North Pleasant Street, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Sam R. Nugen
- Department
of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, 102 Holdsworth Way, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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18
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Huang TH, Ning X, Wang X, Murthy N, Tzeng YL, Dickson RM. Rapid cytometric antibiotic susceptibility testing utilizing adaptive multidimensional statistical metrics. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1941-9. [PMID: 25540985 PMCID: PMC4317060 DOI: 10.1021/ac504241x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
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Flow cytometry holds promise to accelerate
antibiotic susceptibility
determinations; however, without robust multidimensional statistical
analysis, general discrimination criteria have remained elusive. In
this study, a new statistical method, probability binning signature
quadratic form (PB-sQF), was developed and applied to analyze flow
cytometric data of bacterial responses to antibiotic exposure. Both
sensitive lab strains (Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and a multidrug resistant, clinically
isolated strain (E. coli) were incubated with the
bacteria-targeted dye, maltohexaose-conjugated IR786, and each of
many bactericidal or bacteriostatic antibiotics to identify changes
induced around corresponding minimum inhibition concentrations (MIC).
The antibiotic-induced damages were monitored by flow cytometry after
1-h incubation through forward scatter, side scatter, and fluorescence
channels. The 3-dimensional differences between the flow cytometric
data of the no-antibiotic treated bacteria and the antibiotic-treated
bacteria were characterized by PB-sQF into a 1-dimensional linear
distance. A 99% confidence level was established by statistical bootstrapping
for each antibiotic-bacteria pair. For the susceptible E.
coli strain, statistically significant increments from this
99% confidence level were observed from 1/16x MIC to 1x MIC for all
the antibiotics. The same increments were recorded for P.
aeruginosa, which has been reported to cause difficulty in
flow-based viability tests. For the multidrug resistant E.
coli, significant distances from control samples were observed
only when an effective antibiotic treatment was utilized. Our results
suggest that a rapid and robust antimicrobial susceptibility test
(AST) can be constructed by statistically characterizing the differences
between sample and control flow cytometric populations, even in a
label-free scheme with scattered light alone. These distances vs paired
controls coupled with rigorous statistical confidence limits offer
a new path toward investigating initial biological responses, screening
for drugs, and shortening time to result in antimicrobial sensitivity
testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Hsueh Huang
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta, Georgia 30305-0400, United States
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Shabani A, Marquette CA, Mandeville R, Lawrence MF. Modern Probe-Assisted Methods for the Specific Detection of Bacteria. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4236/jbise.2015.82011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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