1
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Tamrin SH, Phelps J, Nezhad AS, Sen A. Critical considerations in determining the surface charge of small extracellular vesicles. J Extracell Vesicles 2023; 12:e12353. [PMID: 37632212 PMCID: PMC10457570 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a focal point of EV research due to their significant role in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes within living systems. However, uncertainties about the nature of these vesicles have added considerable complexity to the already difficult task of developing EV-based diagnostics and therapeutics. Whereas small EVs have been shown to be negatively charged, their surface charge has not yet been properly quantified. This gap in knowledge has made it challenging to fully understand the nature of these particles and the way they interact with one another, and with other biological structures like cells. Most published studies have evaluated EV charge by focusing on zeta potential calculated using classical theoretical approaches. However, these approaches tend to underestimate zeta potential at the nanoscale. Moreover, zeta potential alone cannot provide a complete picture of the electrical properties of small EVs since it ignores the effect of ions that bind tightly to the surface of these particles. The absence of validated methods to accurately estimate the actual surface charge (electrical valence) and determine the zeta potential of EVs is a significant knowledge gap, as it limits the development of effective label-free methods for EV isolation and detection. In this study, for the first time, we show how the electrical charge of small EVs can be more accurately determined by accounting for the impact of tightly bound ions. This was accomplished by measuring the electrophoretic mobility of EVs, and then analytically correlating the measured values to their charge in the form of zeta potential and electrical valence. In contrast to the currently used theoretical expressions, the employed analytical method in this study enabled a more accurate estimation of EV surface charge, which will facilitate the development of EV-based diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Hassanpour Tamrin
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Jolene Phelps
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Amir Sanati Nezhad
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- BioMEMS and Bioinspired Microfluidic Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
| | - Arindom Sen
- Pharmaceutical Production Research Facility, Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Schulich School of EngineeringUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryAlbertaCanada
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2
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Cui Y, Yuan T, Wang Y, Zheng D, Qin L, Li S, Jiang Z, Lin S, Guo W, Wang Z, Liang Z, Li Y, Yao Y, Liu X, Tang Q, Tu HY, Zhang XC, Tang Z, Wong N, Zhang Z, Qin D, Thiery JP, Xu K, Li P. T lymphocytes expressing the switchable chimeric Fc receptor CD64 exhibit augmented persistence and antitumor activity. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112797. [PMID: 37436890 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy lacks persistent efficacy with "on-target, off-tumor" toxicities for treating solid tumors. Thus, an antibody-guided switchable CAR vector, the chimeric Fc receptor CD64 (CFR64), composed of a CD64 extracellular domain, is designed. T cells expressing CFR64 exert more robust cytotoxicity against cancer cells than CFR T cells with high-affinity CD16 variant (CD16v) or CD32A as their extracellular domains. CFR64 T cells also exhibit better long-term cytotoxicity and resistance to T cell exhaustion compared with conventional CAR T cells. With trastuzumab, the immunological synapse (IS) established by CFR64 is more stable with lower intensity induction of downstream signaling than anti-HER2 CAR T cells. Moreover, CFR64 T cells exhibit fused mitochondria in response to stimulation, while CARH2 T cells contain predominantly punctate mitochondria. These results show that CFR64 T cells may serve as a controllable engineered T cell therapy with prolonged persistence and long-term antitumor activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Cui
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingjie Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Laboratory, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Blood Disease Institution, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Diwei Zheng
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Le Qin
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shanglin Li
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiwu Jiang
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shouheng Lin
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenjing Guo
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoduan Liang
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; T-cell Immunity Optimized Cure (TIOC) Therapeutics Limited, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Li
- T-cell Immunity Optimized Cure (TIOC) Therapeutics Limited, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yao Yao
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xingguo Liu
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Tang
- Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hai-Yan Tu
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Chao Zhang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhaoyang Tang
- Guangdong Zhaotai InVivo Biomedicine Co. Ltd., Guangzhou, China
| | - Nathalie Wong
- Department of Surgery of the Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhenfeng Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Translational Provincial Education Department Key Laboratory of Nano-Immunoregulation Tumor Microenvironment, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dajiang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Kailin Xu
- Blood Disease Institution, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China; Department of Hematology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Peng Li
- China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Key Laboratory of Biological Targeting Diagnosis, Therapy and Rehabilitation of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Surgery of the Faculty of Medicine, the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK), Hong Kong, China; Centre for Regenerative Medicine and Health, Hong Kong Institute of Science & Innovation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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3
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Liu P, Chen J, Qi J, Liu M, Zhang M, Xue Y, Li L, Liu Y, Shi J, Zhang Y, Chu L. Hesperetin ameliorates ischemia/hypoxia‐induced myocardium injury via inhibition of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and regulation of Ca
2+
homeostasis. Phytother Res 2022; 37:1787-1805. [PMID: 36437582 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia/hypoxia (I/H)-induced myocardial injury has a large burden worldwide. Hesperetin (HSP) has a cardioprotective effect, but the molecular mechanism underlying this is not clearly established. Here, we focused on the protective mechanisms of HSP against I/H-induced myocardium injury. H9c2 cardiomyocytes were challenged with CoCl2 for 22 h to imitate hypoxia after treatment groups received HSP for 4 h. The viability of H9c2 cardiomyocytes was evaluated, and cardiac function indices, reactive oxygen species, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+ ]i ) were measured. L-type Ca2+ current (ICa-L ), myocardial contraction, and Ca2+ transients in isolated ventricular myocytes were also recorded. We found that HSP significantly increased the cell viability, and MMP while significantly decreasing cardiac impairment, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and [Ca2+ ]i caused by CoCl2 . Furthermore, HSP markedly attenuated ICa-L , myocardial contraction, and Ca2+ transients in a concentration-dependent manner. Our findings suggest a protective mechanism of HSP on I/H-induced myocardium injury by restoring oxidative balance, inhibiting apoptosis, improving mitochondrial function, and reducing Ca2+ influx via L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs). These data provide a new direction for HSP applied research as a LTCC inhibitor against I/H-induced myocardium injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Liu
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaying Qi
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Liu
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Muqing Zhang
- College of Integrative Medicine Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Yucong Xue
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- School of Pharmacy Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Yanshuang Liu
- College of Integrative Medicine Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Scientifc Research Management The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
- International Joint Research Center on Resource Utilization and Quality Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine of Hebei Province Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
| | - Li Chu
- School of Pharmacy Hebei University of Chinese Medicine Shijiazhuang Hebei People's Republic of China
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4
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Design, synthesis, and in vitro protective effect evaluation of α-carboline derivatives against H2O2-induced cardiomyocyte injury. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 238:114469. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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5
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Danylovych YV, Danylovych HV, Kolomiets OV, Sviatnenko MD, Kosterin SO. Biochemical properties of H+-Ca2+-exchanger in the myometrium mitochondria. Curr Res Physiol 2022; 5:369-380. [PMID: 36176920 PMCID: PMC9513619 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphys.2022.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Some biochemical properties of the H+-Ca2+-exchanger in uterine smooth muscle mitochondria have been described. The experiments were performed on a suspension of isolated mitochondria from the myometrium of rats. Methods of confocal microscopy, spectrofluorimetry and photon correlation spectroscopy were used. Fluo-4 probe was used to record changes in ionized Ca2+ in the matrix and cytosol; pH changes in the matrix were evaluated with BCECF. It was experimentally proved that in the myometrium instead of Na+-Ca2+-exchanger the H+-Ca2+-exchanger functions. It was activated at a physiological pH value, was carried out in stoichiometry 1: 1 and was electrogenic. The transport system was modulated by magnesium ions and the diuretic amiloride, but was not sensitive to changes in the concentration of extra-mitochondrial potassium ions. H+-Ca2+-exchanger was suppressed by antibodies against the LETM1 protein. Calmodulin may act as a regulator of H+-Ca2+-exchanger by inhibiting it. It has been shown the possibility of the existence of H+-Ca2+-exchanger in the mitochondria of the myometrium. Functioning of H+-Ca2+-exchanger does not depend on the gradient of sodium and potassium ions; is activated at physiological pH values; is carried out in stoichiometry 1:1 and is electrogenic; inhibited by antibodies against LETM1 protein; modulated by the magnesium ions and diuretic amiloride; calmodulin may act as a regulator of H+-Ca2+-exchanger.
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6
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Krishnamurthy A, Anand RK. Recent advances in microscale extraction driven by ion concentration polarization. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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An Update on Semen Physiology, Technologies, and Selection Techniques for the Advancement of In Vitro Equine Embryo Production: Section I. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11113248. [PMID: 34827983 PMCID: PMC8614440 DOI: 10.3390/ani11113248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Male fertility is often estimated by simple sperm assessment, and therefore, it is crucial to establish species-specific baselines for normal sperm parameters. In this paper, sperm physiology, function, and common abnormalities in stallions will be reviewed. Abstract As the use of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) and in vitro embryo production (IVP) expand in the equine industry, it has become necessary to further our understanding of semen physiology as it applies to overall fertility. This segment of our two-section review will focus on normal sperm parameters, beginning with development and extending through the basic morphology of mature spermatozoa, as well as common issues with male factor infertility in IVP. Ultimately, the relevance of sperm parameters to overall male factor fertility in equine IVP will be assessed.
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8
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Sun L, Zhang W. Preconditioning of mesenchymal stem cells with ghrelin exerts superior cardioprotection in aged heart through boosting mitochondrial function and autophagy flux. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 903:174142. [PMID: 33951411 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is considered as a promising cell-based therapy to induce cardioprotection against ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Preconditioning of MSCs is the key strategy to improve MSCs functions in vitro and their efficacy in vivo, especially in elderly subjects in whom cardioprotection is lost. This study investigated the effects of preconditioning of human umbilical cord-derived MSCs with ghrelin and their combination with nicotinamide-mononucleotide (NMN) on cardioprotection, and the role of autophagy flux and mitochondrial function in aged hearts subjected to IR injury. Aged Sprague Dawley rats (20-22 months old) were subjected to LAD occlusion-induced myocardial IR injury and treated with ghrelin-preconditioned or unconditioned-MSCs at early reperfusion. NMN (500 mg/kg, i.p) was also administered at early reperfusion and repeated 12 h later. Intra-myocardial injection of ghrelin-preconditioned MSCs reduced infarct size and cardiotroponin release of aged myocardium, and improved cardiac function following IR injury. MSCs preconditioning with ghrelin restored IR-induced mitochondrial reactive oxygen species and membrane potential depolarization and enhanced ATP production. To reveal possible mechanism, preconditioned-MSCs increased autophagy flux by downregulating the overexpression of Beclin-1 and P62 proteins and increasing the LC3-II expression and LC3-II/LC3-I ratio. Moreover, combining NMN to ghrelin-preconditioned MSCs synergistically augmented its protective effects on infarct size and mitochondrial function. All above effects were abolished by autophagy flux inhibitor, chloroquine. Thus, ghrelin may serve as a promising candidate to improve the cardioprotective efficacy of MSC-based therapy via autophagy/mitochondrial pathway and that NMN serves as a good booster in combination therapy in aged hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liqiang Sun
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province, 450014, China
| | - Wenlong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
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9
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Zhang H, Zhang RH, Liao XM, Yang D, Wang YC, Zhao YL, Xu GB, Liu CH, Li YJ, Liao SG, Zhou M. Discovery of β-Carboline Derivatives as a Highly Potent Cardioprotectant against Myocardial Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. J Med Chem 2021; 64:9166-9181. [PMID: 34132541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Timely myocardial reperfusion salvages ischemic myocardium from infarction, whereas reperfusion itself induces cardiomyocyte death, which is called myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (MI/R) injury. Herein, β-carboline derivative 17c was designed and synthesized with obvious myocardial protective activity for the first time. Pretreatment of 17c effectively protected the cardiomyocyte H9c2 cells from H2O2-induced lactate dehydrogenase leakage and restored the endogenous antioxidants, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px). Besides, 17c effectively protected the mitochondria through decreasing the reactive oxygen species overproduction and enhancing the mitochondrial membrane potential. As a result, 17c significantly reduced the necrosis of cardiomyocytes in H2O2-induced oxidative stress, which was more potent than polydatin. In MI/R injury rats, 17c pretreatment obviously increased the levels of SOD and GSH-Px and inhibited the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes. Through this way, the size of myocardial infarction was significantly reduced after MI/R injury in vivo, better than that of polydatin, suggesting that 17c is a promising cardioprotectant for the prevention of MI/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Hong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P. R. China.,Center for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Research, Key Laboratory of Regenerative Medicine of Guizhou Province, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P. R. China
| | - Xiang-Ming Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Dan Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Chan Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Long Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Guo-Bo Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Chun-Hua Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Gao Liao
- School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
| | - Meng Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Engineering Research Center for the Development and Application of Ethnic Medicine and TCM (Ministry of Education), Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550004, P. R. China.,School of Pharmacy, Guizhou Medical University, Guian New District, , Guizhou 550025, P. R. China
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10
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Yao L, Zhao D, Yu H, Zheng L, Xu Y, Wen H, Dai X, Wang S. Oxidative stress-related mitochondrial dysfunction as a possible reason for obese male infertility. NUTR CLIN METAB 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nupar.2020.02.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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11
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Meyers S, Bulkeley E, Foutouhi A. Sperm mitochondrial regulation in motility and fertility in horses. Reprod Domest Anim 2019; 54 Suppl 3:22-28. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.13461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stuart Meyers
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis California
| | - Evelyn Bulkeley
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis California
| | - Azarene Foutouhi
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Cell Biology; School of Veterinary Medicine; University of California; Davis California
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12
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Sb H, X J, Qh Y, Xr Z, Bb Z, Kh W, Xy S, Yt C, Xr R, Jf M, G W, Yh P. The vicious circle between mitochondrial oxidative stress and dynamic abnormality mediates triethylene glycol dimethacrylate-induced preodontoblast apoptosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 134:644-656. [PMID: 30776408 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) plays crucial roles in triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA, a major component in dental resin)-induced apoptosis of dental pulp cells. Mitochondria are important target organelles for regulating the balance of OS, meanwhile, imbalance of the mitochondrial dynamic associated with mitochondrial dysfunction is one major molecular mechanism for oxidative damages. However, whether these mitochondrial dependent pathways were involved in the apoptosis of dental pulp cells induced by TDGDMA remains unclarified. We demonstrated that TEGDMA decreased viability and induced apoptosis of mouse preodontoblasts (mDPC6T cell line) in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, TEGDMA elevated the mitochondrial OS status and induced mitochondrial dysfunction, as reflected by the significant decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, ATP production, the activity of Complex III and citrate synthase. In this process, we detected a dramatically impaired mitochondrial dynamic that was reflected by significantly enhanced mitochondrial fragmentation. Consistently, we also found a significant enhancement of the key upstream regulators for mitochondrial fission, such as short form of optic atrophy 1, dynamic related protein 1 oligomer and Fission 1. The respective inhibition of mitochondrial OS or mitochondrial fission could mutually attenuate each other, thereby significantly preventing both mitochondrial dysfunction and cell apoptosis. In conclusion, TEGDMA-induced preodontoblasts apoptosis was mediated by the vicious circle between mitochondrial OS and dynamic abnormality, which represented a new target to prevent TEGDMA-induced dental pulp cells apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Sb
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, 1081 LA, the Netherlands.
| | - Jin X
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Yu Qh
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Zhang Xr
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Zheng Bb
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Wang Kh
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Sun Xy
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Chen Yt
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Ren Xr
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Ma Jf
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China
| | - Wu G
- Department of Oral Implantology and Prosthetic Dentistry, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, 1081 LA, the Netherlands.
| | - Pan Yh
- Institute of Stomatology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China; Department of Endodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, PR China.
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13
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Hirose K, Tsuchida M, Asakura H, Wakui K, Yoshimoto K, Iida K, Sato M, Shibukawa M, Suganuma M, Saito S. A single-round selection of selective DNA aptamers for mammalian cells by polymer-enhanced capillary transient isotachophoresis. Analyst 2018; 142:4030-4038. [PMID: 28875191 DOI: 10.1039/c7an00909g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
A single-round DNA aptamer selection for mammalian cells was successfully achieved for the first time using a capillary electrophoresis (CE)-based methodology called polymer-enhanced capillary transient isotachophoresis (PectI). The PectI separation yielded a single peak for the human lung cancer cell line (PC-9) complexed with DNA aptamer candidates, which was effectively separated from a free randomized DNA library peak, ensuring no contamination from free DNA in the PC-9-DNA aptamer complex fraction. The DNA aptamer candidates obtained after a single-round selection employing counter selection with HL-60 were proven to bind selectively and form kinetically stable complexes with PC-9 cells. Interestingly, most aptamer candidates showed high binding ability (Kd = 70-350 nM) with different extents of binding on the cell surface. These facts proved that a single-round selection for mammalian cells by PectI is feasible to obtain various types of aptamer candidates, which have high-affinity even for non-overexpressed but unique targets on the cell surface in addition to overexpressed targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Hirose
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan.
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14
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Braakhuis AJ, Nagulan R, Somerville V. The Effect of MitoQ on Aging-Related Biomarkers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8575263. [PMID: 30116495 PMCID: PMC6079400 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8575263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are metabolically active organelles that produce significant reactive oxygen species, linked with aging and degenerative diseases. In recent years, particular focus has been put on mitochondria-targeted antioxidants, to decrease the concentration of reactive oxygen species and help alleviate the accumulation of oxidative damage and associated aging. MitoQ is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant of which is reported to support healthy aging. The aim of this systematic review is to investigate the effects of MitoQ on oxidative outcomes related to the aging process. A predeveloped search strategy was run against MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid), and CINAHL databases, which identified 10,255 articles of interest, with 27 of these finalised for use after screening. Three outcomes had sufficient data to meta-analyse nitrotyrosine concentration (190 animals, SMD -0.67, 95% CI (-1.30, -0.05), p = 0.04), membrane potential (63 animals, MD 11.44, 95% CI (1.28-21.60), p = 0.03), and protein carbonyl concentration (182 animals, SMD -0.13, 95% CI (-0.44, 0.18), p = 0.41). MitoQ intervention produced a statistically significant reduction in nitrotyrosine concentration and increased membrane potential. MitoQ may be of some benefit in alleviating oxidative stress related to aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea J. Braakhuis
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Discipline of Nutrition, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohith Nagulan
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Discipline of Nutrition, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Vaughan Somerville
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Discipline of Nutrition, The University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland, New Zealand
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15
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Daniele JR, Heydari K, Dillin A. Mitochondrial Subtype Identification and Characterization. CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN CYTOMETRY 2018; 85:e41. [PMID: 29944197 PMCID: PMC6039279 DOI: 10.1002/cpcy.41] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Healthy, functional mitochondria are central to many cellular and physiological phenomena, including aging, metabolism, and stress resistance. A key feature of healthy mitochondria is a high membrane potential (Δψ) or charge differential (i.e., proton gradient) between the matrix and inner mitochondrial membrane. Mitochondrial Δψ has been extensively characterized via flow cytometry of intact cells, which measures the average membrane potential within a cell. However, the characteristics of individual mitochondria differ dramatically even within a single cell, and thus interrogation of mitochondrial features at the organelle level is necessary to better understand and accurately measure heterogeneity. Here we describe a new flow cytometric methodology that enables the quantification and classification of mitochondrial subtypes (via their Δψ, size, and substructure) using the small animal model C. elegans. Future application of this methodology should allow research to discern the bioenergetic and mitochondrial component in a number of human disease and aging models, including, C. elegans, cultured cells, small animal models, and human biopsy samples. © 2018 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R. Daniele
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of
California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Kartoosh Heydari
- LKS Flow Cytometry Core, Cancer Research Laboratory, University of
California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular & Cellular Biology, University of
California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720
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16
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Moraes CR, Meyers S. The sperm mitochondrion: Organelle of many functions. Anim Reprod Sci 2018; 194:71-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2018.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Revised: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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DGAT1-Dependent Lipid Droplet Biogenesis Protects Mitochondrial Function during Starvation-Induced Autophagy. Dev Cell 2017; 42:9-21.e5. [PMID: 28697336 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 323] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) provide an "on-demand" source of fatty acids (FAs) that can be mobilized in response to fluctuations in nutrient abundance. Surprisingly, the amount of LDs increases during prolonged periods of nutrient deprivation. Why cells store FAs in LDs during an energy crisis is unknown. Our data demonstrate that mTORC1-regulated autophagy is necessary and sufficient for starvation-induced LD biogenesis. The ER-resident diacylglycerol acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1) selectively channels autophagy-liberated FAs into new, clustered LDs that are in close proximity to mitochondria and are lipolytically degraded. However, LDs are not required for FA delivery to mitochondria but instead function to prevent acylcarnitine accumulation and lipotoxic dysregulation of mitochondria. Our data support a model in which LDs provide a lipid buffering system that sequesters FAs released during the autophagic degradation of membranous organelles, reducing lipotoxicity. These findings reveal an unrecognized aspect of the cellular adaptive response to starvation, mediated by LDs.
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18
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He YC, Kong FZ, Fan LY, Wu JY, Liu XP, Li J, Sun Y, Zhang Q, Yang Y, Wu XJ, Xiao H, Cao CX. Preparation of intact mitochondria using free-flow isoelectric focusing with post-pH gradient sample injection for morphological, functional and proteomics studies. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 982:200-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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19
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Peró-Gascón R, Benavente F, Barbosa J, Sanz-Nebot V. Determination of acidity constants and prediction of electrophoretic separation of amyloid beta peptides. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1508:148-157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Daniele JR, Heydari K, Arriaga EA, Dillin A. Identification and Characterization of Mitochondrial Subtypes in Caenorhabditis elegans via Analysis of Individual Mitochondria by Flow Cytometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:6309-16. [PMID: 27210103 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial bioenergetics has been implicated in a number of vital cellular and physiological phenomena, including aging, metabolism, and stress resistance. Heterogeneity of the mitochondrial membrane potential (Δψ), which is central to organismal bioenergetics, has been successfully measured via flow cytometry in whole cells but rarely in isolated mitochondria from large animal models. Similar studies in small animal models, such as Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans), are critical to our understanding of human health and disease but lack analytical methodologies. Here we report on new methodological developments that make it possible to investigate the heterogeneity of Δψ in C. elegans during development and in tissue-specific studies. The flow cytometry methodology described here required an improved collagenase-3-based mitochondrial isolation procedure and labeling of mitochondria with the ratiometric fluorescent probe JC-9. To demonstrate feasibility of tissue-specific studies, we used C. elegans strains expressing blue-fluorescent muscle-specific proteins, which enabled identification of muscle mitochondria among mitochondria from other tissues. This methodology made it possible to observe, for the first time, critical changes in Δψ during C. elegans larval development and provided direct evidence of the elevated bioenergetic status of muscle mitochondria relative to their counterparts in the rest of the organism. Further application of these methodologies can help tease apart bioenergetics and other biological complexities in C. elegans and other small animal models used to investigate human disease and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph R Daniele
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Kartoosh Heydari
- LKS Flow Cytometry Core, Cancer Research Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Edgar A Arriaga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andrew Dillin
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of California, Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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21
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Kumar S, Wolken GG, Wittenberg NJ, Arriaga EA, Oh SH. Nanohole Array-Directed Trapping of Mammalian Mitochondria Enabling Single Organelle Analysis. Anal Chem 2015; 87:11973-7. [PMID: 26593329 PMCID: PMC4809531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
We present periodic nanohole arrays fabricated in free-standing metal-coated nitride films as a platform for trapping and analyzing single organelles. When a microliter-scale droplet containing mitochondria is dispensed above the nanohole array, the combination of evaporation and capillary flow directs individual mitochondria to the nanoholes. Mammalian mitochondria arrays were rapidly formed on chip using this technique without any surface modification steps, microfluidic interconnects, or external power sources. The trapped mitochondria were depolarized on chip using an ionophore with results showing that the organelle viability and behavior were preserved during the on-chip assembly process. Fluorescence signal related to mitochondrial membrane potential was obtained from single mitochondria trapped in individual nanoholes revealing statistical differences between the behavior of polarized vs depolarized mammalian mitochondria. This technique provides a fast and stable route for droplet-based directed localization of organelles-on-a-chip with minimal limitations and complexity, as well as promotes integration with other optical or electrochemical detection techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailabh Kumar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Gregory G. Wolken
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Nathan J. Wittenberg
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Edgar A. Arriaga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States
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