1
|
Incorporating Quartz Crystal Microbalance with Chronoamperometry to Enhance Manganese Detection Stability in Drinking Water. Electrochim Acta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2023.142156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
|
2
|
Soliman RM, Rostom Y, Mahmoud AM, Fayez YM, Mostafa NM, Monir HH. Novel Fabricated Potentiometric Sensors for Selective Determination of Carbinoxamine with Different Greenness Evaluation Perspectives. Microchem J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
|
3
|
Wu Z, Rehman A, Zhang Z, Papautsky I. Automatic Microtitrator for Small Volume Samples. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:430-438. [PMID: 36281296 PMCID: PMC9585638 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.2c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Electroanalytical sensors for point-of-care biomedical or point-of-use environmental sample analysis are gaining popularity due to low limits of detection, ease of miniaturization, convenience, and ability to work with small sample volumes. Since pH must be tightly controlled for optimum electrochemical performance, adjustment of pH in these samples is often a necessity. Yet manual titration is time-consuming and can be especially challenging for small volumes. End point determination can also be difficult. Current commercial automatic pH titrators are generally designed for large volume (>1 mL) batch titrations, while the existing microvolume titrators are semiautomatic at best, still relying on multiple manual steps. To address the gap, we developed an automatic microtitration system suitable for small volume samples. The system was validated using digested whole blood microsamples, successfully demonstrating accurate and rapid pH adjustment for samples as small as 100 μL. The simple modular construction of the system makes it compatible with acid washing for trace metal detection and other cleaning or sample preparation steps. The electrochemical detection of manganese heavy metal in blood at the parts per billion level showed no detectable contamination induced by the system. Ultimately, our simple, accurate, user-friendly automatic microtitration system can be used in the pH adjustment of microvolume samples and can potentially be extended to other pH end point analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhen Wu
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Abid Rehman
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of Illinois
Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Zhehao Zhang
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Ian Papautsky
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wu Z, Heineman WR, Haynes EN, Papautsky I. Electrochemical Determination of Manganese in Whole Blood with Indium Tin Oxide Electrode. JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 169:057508. [PMID: 35755409 PMCID: PMC9229665 DOI: 10.1149/1945-7111/ac6a19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we demonstrate accurate and precise measurement of manganese (Mn) concentration in human whole blood with indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode using square wave stripping voltammetry. While an essential trace metal for human health, elevated levels of Mn due to environmental or occupational exposure have been associated with severe neuromotor dysfunction characterized by parkinsonism and cognitive dysfunction making the monitoring of Mn in whole blood necessary. Pediatric populations are particularly susceptible to Mn given their developing brain and potential long-term impacts on neurodevelopment. The current gold standard for whole blood Mn measurements is by ICP-MS, which is costly and time consuming. The electrochemical detection with ITO working electrode in this work showed a limit of detection of 0.5 μg l-1 and a linear range of 5 to 500 μg l-1, which encompasses the physiological Mn levels in human whole blood (5-18 μg l-1). Our results of Mn measurement in whole blood show an average precision of 96.5% and an average accuracy of 90.3% compared to ICP-MS for both the normal range (5-18 μg l-1) and the elevated levels (>36 μg l-1) that require medical intervention. These results demonstrate the feasibility of Mn measurements in human blood with electrochemical sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhen Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| | - William R Heineman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, USA
| | - Erin N Haynes
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, University of Kentucky, Kentucky 40536, USA
| | - Ian Papautsky
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Illinois Chicago, Illinois 60607, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mohamad Nor N, Ramli NH, Poobalan H, Qi Tan K, Abdul Razak K. Recent Advancement in Disposable Electrode Modified with Nanomaterials for Electrochemical Heavy Metal Sensors. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:253-288. [PMID: 34565248 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1950521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution has gained global attention due to its high toxicity and non-biodegradability, even at a low level of exposure. Therefore, the development of a disposable electrode that is sensitive, simple, portable, rapid, and cost-effective as the sensor platform in electrochemical heavy metal detection is vital. Disposable electrodes have been modified with nanomaterials so that excellent electrochemical properties can be obtained. This review highlights the recent progress in the development of numerous types of disposable electrodes modified with nanomaterials for electrochemical heavy metal detection. The disposable electrodes made from carbon-based, glass-based, and paper-based electrodes are reviewed. In particular, the analytical performance, fabrication technique, and integration design of disposable electrodes modified with metal (such as gold, tin and bismuth), carbon (such as carbon nanotube and graphene), and metal oxide (such as iron oxide and zinc oxide) nanomaterials are summarized. In addition, the role of the nanomaterials in improving the electrochemical performance of the modified disposable electrodes is discussed. Finally, the current challenges and future prospect of the disposable electrode modified with nanomaterials are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noorhashimah Mohamad Nor
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Nurul Hidayah Ramli
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Hemalatha Poobalan
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Kai Qi Tan
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Khairunisak Abdul Razak
- School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.,NanoBiotechnology Research & Innovation (NanoBRI), Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 USM, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Boselli E, Wu Z, Friedman A, Henn BC, Papautsky I. Validation of Electrochemical Sensor for Determination of Manganese in Drinking Water. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:7501-7509. [PMID: 34009956 PMCID: PMC10704915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) is an essential nutrient for metabolic functions, yet excessive exposure can lead to neurological disease in adults and neurodevelopmental deficits in children. Drinking water represents one of the routes of excessive Mn exposure. Both natural enrichment from rocks and soil, and man-made contamination can pollute groundwater that supplies drinking water for a substantial fraction of the U.S. population. Conventional methods for Mn monitoring in drinking water are costly and involve a long turn-around time. Recent advancements in electrochemical sensing, however, have led to the development of miniature sensors for Mn determination. These sensors rely on a cathodic stripping voltammetry electroanalytical technique on a miniaturized platinum working electrode. In this study, we validate these electrochemical sensors for the determination of Mn concentrations in drinking water against the standard method using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Drinking water samples (n = 78) in the 0.03 ppb to 5.3 ppm range were analyzed. Comparisons with ICP-MS yielded 100% agreement, ∼70% accuracy, and ∼91% precision. We envision the use of our system for rapid and inexpensive point-of-use identification of Mn levels in drinking water, which is especially valuable for frequent monitoring where contamination is present.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Boselli
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Zhizhen Wu
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| | - Alexa Friedman
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA
| | - Ian Papautsky
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, IL
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
A microfabricated potentiometric sensor for metoclopramide determination utilizing a graphene nanocomposite transducer layer. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:7505-7514. [PMID: 32839859 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02884-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In the recent drug analysis arena, optimizing a green, eco-friendly, and cost-effective technique is the main target. In order to cope with green analytical chemistry principles and the trending development of miniaturized portable and handheld devices, an innovative microfabricated ion-selective electrode for the analysis of metoclopramide (MTP) was developed. The fabricated electrode adopted a two-step optimization process. The first step of optimization depended on screening different ionophores in order to enhance the sensor selectivity. Calix-4-arene showed the maximal selectivity towards MTP. The second step was utilizing a graphene nanocomposite as an ion-to-electron transducer layer between the calix-4-arene polymeric membrane and the microfabricated copper solid-contact ion-selective electrode. The graphene nanocomposite layer added more stability to electrode potential drift and short response times (10 s), probably due to the hydrophobic behavior of the graphene nanocomposite, which precludes the formation of a water layer at the Cu electrode/polymeric membrane interface. The proposed MTP sensor has been characterized according to IUPAC recommendations and the linear dynamic range estimated to be 1 × 10-6 to 1 × 10-2 M with LOD of 3 × 10-7 M. The proposed sensor has been successfully employed in the selective determination of MTP in bulk powder, pharmaceutical formulation, and biological fluid. No statistical significant difference was observed upon comparing the results with those of the official method. The Eco-score of the method was assessed using the Eco-Scale tool and was compared with that of the official method. Graphical abstract.
Collapse
|
8
|
Point-of-care diagnostics for drugs of abuse in biological fluids: application of a microfabricated disposable copper potentiometric sensor. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:491. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04445-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
|
9
|
George JM, Priyanka RN, Mathew B. Bimetallic Ag–Au nanoparticles as pH dependent dual sensing probe for Mn(II) ion and ciprofloxacin. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
10
|
Development of a sequential injection analysis device and its application for the determination of Mn(II) in water. Talanta 2020; 211:120752. [PMID: 32070578 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.120752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A sequential injection analysis device has been developed and applied for the automated determination of Mn(II) in environmental water samples. Differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry is selected as the electrochemical detection method. The device consists of several electronic equipment. The electrochemical flow cell was designed for replacing the traditional three-electrode system and introducing high reproducibility. An electrochemical analyzer saddled with laboratory-programmed software written by Embarcadero Delphi 10.2. For higher current response, various determination parameters such as the flow rate, the medium pH, the deposition potential and the thickness of gasket in the electrochemical flow cell have been optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the detection limit (3σ/slope) of 0.63 μg L-1 and a calibration curve (R2 = 0.9987) of current response and Mn(II) concentration from 2.5 μg L-1 to 200 μg L-1 could be achieved. The device was successfully applied to the determination of trace Mn(II) in environmental water samples, and in continuous real-time monitoring of Mn(II) variations in tap water for 14 days. The results are consistent with the reference method and the average recovery is found to be 95.2%-101.4%. The device shows high sensitivity and reproducibility in the determination of Mn(II), and presents a great potential for on-site and real-time detection of metal ions where rapid, low-cost and low-volume analysis is required.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rocha DP, Foster CW, Munoz RAA, Buller GA, Keefe EM, Banks CE. Trace manganese detection via differential pulse cathodic stripping voltammetry using disposable electrodes: additively manufactured nanographite electrochemical sensing platforms. Analyst 2020; 145:3424-3430. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00018c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing is a promising technology for the rapid and economical fabrication of portable electroanalytical devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diego P. Rocha
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester
- UK
- Institute of Chemistry
| | | | | | - Gary A. Buller
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Edmund M. Keefe
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester
- UK
| | - Craig E. Banks
- Faculty of Science and Engineering
- Manchester Metropolitan University
- Manchester
- UK
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Qin D, Chen A, Mamat X, Li Y, Hu X, Wang P, Cheng H, Dong Y, Hu G. Double-shelled yolk-shell Si@C microspheres based electrochemical sensor for determination of cadmium and lead ions. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1078:32-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
|
13
|
Pang LY, Wang P, Gao JJ, Wen Y, Liu H. An active metal-organic anion framework with highly exposed SO42− on {001} facets for the enhanced electrochemical detection of trace Fe3+. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
|
14
|
Ensch M, Maldonado VY, Swain GM, Rechenberg R, Becker MF, Schuelke T, Rusinek CA. Isatin Detection Using a Boron-Doped Diamond 3-in-1 Sensing Platform. Anal Chem 2018; 90:1951-1958. [PMID: 29298039 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b04045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Boron-doped diamond (BDD) is a promising electrochemical tool that exhibits excellent chemical sensitivity and stability. These intrinsic advantages coupled with the material's vast microfabrication flexibility make BDD an attractive sensing device. In this study, two different 3-in-1 BDD electrode sensors were fabricated, characterized, and investigated for their capability to detect isatin, an anxiogenic indole that possesses anticonvulsant activity. Each device was comprised of a working, reference, and auxiliary electrode, all made of BDD. Two different working electrode geometries were studied, a 2 mm diameter macroelectrode (MAC) and a microelectrode array (MEA). The BDD quasi-reference electrode was studied by measuring its potential against a traditional Ag/AgCl reference electrode. While the potential shifted as a function of solution pH, a miniscule potential drift was observed when holding the solution pH constant. Specifically, the BDD quasi-reference electrode had a potential of -0.2 V (vs Ag/AgCl) in a pH 7 solution, and this remained stable for a 30-h time period. For the detection of isatin, solutions were analyzed using both sensors in pH 7.4 phosphate buffered saline (PBS). Using the MEA sensor, the limit of detection (LOD, (3σ)/m) for isatin was found to be 0.04 μM; an increase to 0.22 μM was observed with the MAC sensor. These results were compared to those obtained from UV-vis spectrophotometry, where a 0.57 μM LOD was observed. The feasibility for use in a complex sample matrix was also examined by completing measurements in urine simulant. The results presented herein indicate that both 3-in-1 BDD sensors are applicable at low limits of detection with potential application as an electrochemical detector for chromatographic methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mary Ensch
- Fraunhofer USA, Inc. Center for Coatings and Diamond Technologies, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States.,Michigan State University , Department of Chemical Engineering, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States
| | - Vanessa Y Maldonado
- Escuela Politecnica Nacional (EPN) , Department of Chemical Engineering, Quito, 170517, Ecuador.,Michigan State University , Department of Chemistry, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States
| | - Greg M Swain
- Michigan State University , Department of Chemistry, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States
| | - Robert Rechenberg
- Fraunhofer USA, Inc. Center for Coatings and Diamond Technologies, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States
| | - Michael F Becker
- Fraunhofer USA, Inc. Center for Coatings and Diamond Technologies, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States
| | - Thomas Schuelke
- Fraunhofer USA, Inc. Center for Coatings and Diamond Technologies, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States.,Michigan State University , Department of Chemical Engineering, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States.,Michigan State University , Department Electrical and Computer Engineering, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States
| | - Cory A Rusinek
- Fraunhofer USA, Inc. Center for Coatings and Diamond Technologies, East Lansing, Michigan 48824-1226, United States
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Elik A, Altunay N, Gürkan R. Microextraction and preconcentration of Mn and Cd from vegetables, grains and nuts prior to their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry using room temperature ionic liquid. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.09.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
16
|
Rusinek CA, Kang W, Nahan K, Hawkins M, Quartermaine C, Stastny A, Bange A, Papautsky I, Heineman WR. Determination of Manganese in Whole Blood by Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry with Indium Tin Oxide. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cory A. Rusinek
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172 USA
- Fraunhofer USA; Inc. Center for Coatings and Diamond Technologies; East Lansing, MI 48824-1226
| | - Wenjing Kang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, OH 45221-0030 USA
| | - Keaton Nahan
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172 USA
| | - Megan Hawkins
- Department of Chemistry; Xavier University; Cincinnati, OH 45207-4221, USA
| | | | - Angela Stastny
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172 USA
| | - Adam Bange
- Department of Chemistry; Xavier University; Cincinnati, OH 45207-4221, USA
| | - Ian Papautsky
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, OH 45221-0030 USA
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Illinois at Chicago; Chicago, IL 60607-7161 USA
| | - William R. Heineman
- Department of Chemistry; University of Cincinnati; Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172 USA
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kang W, Pei X, Rusinek C, Bange A, Haynes EN, Heineman WR, Papautsky I. Determination of Lead with a Copper-Based Electrochemical Sensor. Anal Chem 2017; 89:3345-3352. [PMID: 28256823 PMCID: PMC5428983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b03894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This work demonstrates determination of lead (Pb) in surface water samples using a low-cost copper (Cu)-based electrochemical sensor. Heavy metals require careful monitoring due to their toxicity, yet current methods are too complex or bulky for point-of-care (POC) use. Electrochemistry offers a convenient alternative for metal determination, but the traditional electrodes, such as carbon or gold/platinum, are costly and difficult to microfabricate. Our copper-based sensor features a low-cost electrode material-copper-that offers simple fabrication and competitive performance in electrochemical detection. For anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV) of Pb, our sensor shows 21 nM (4.4 ppb) limit of detection, resistance to interfering metals such as cadmium (Cd) and zinc (Zn), and stable response in natural water samples with minimum sample pretreatment. These results suggest this electrochemical sensor is suitable for environmental and potentially biological applications, where accurate and rapid, yet inexpensive, on-site monitoring is necessary.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Kang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221
| | - Xing Pei
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221
| | - Cory Rusinek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221
| | - Adam Bange
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH 45207
| | - Erin N. Haynes
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221
| | | | - Ian Papautsky
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kang W, Rusinek C, Bange A, Haynes E, Heineman WR, Papautsky I. Determination of manganese by cathodic stripping voltammetry on a microfabricated platinum thin-film electrode. ELECTROANAL 2017; 29:686-695. [PMID: 28983182 PMCID: PMC5624726 DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we report on the determination of trace manganese (Mn) using cathodic stripping voltammetry (CSV) using a microfabricated sensor with a Pt thin-film working electrode. While an essential trace metal for human health, prolonged exposure to Mn tends to gradually impair our neurological system. The potential sources of Mn exposure make it necessary to monitor the concentration in various sample matrices. Previous work by us and others suggested CSV as an effective method for measuring trace Mn. The analytical performance metrics were characterized and optimized, leading to a calculated limit of detection (LOD) of 16.3 nM (0.9 ppb) in pH 5.5, 0.2 M acetate buffer. Further, we successfully validated Mn determination in surface water with ~90% accuracy and >97% precision as compared with ICP-MS "gold standard" measurement. Ultimately, with stable, accurate and precise electrochemical performance, this Pt sensor permits rapid monitoring of Mn in environmental samples, and could potentially be used for point-of-use measurements if coupled with portable instrumentation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Kang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0030
| | - Cory Rusinek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172
| | - Adam Bange
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH 45207-4221
| | - Erin Haynes
- Department of Environmental Health, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0056
| | - William R. Heineman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172
| | - Ian Papautsky
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
|
20
|
Rusinek CA, Bange A, Warren M, Kang W, Nahan K, Papautsky I, Heineman WR. Bare and Polymer-Coated Indium Tin Oxide as Working Electrodes for Manganese Cathodic Stripping Voltammetry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:4221-8. [PMID: 26980322 PMCID: PMC4889440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Though an essential metal in the body, manganese (Mn) has a number of health implications when found in excess that are magnified by chronic exposure. These health complications include neurotoxicity, memory loss, infertility in males, and development of a neurologic psychiatric disorder, manganism. Thus, trace detection in environmental samples is increasingly important. Few electrode materials are able to reach the negative reductive potential of Mn required for anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV), so cathodic stripping voltammetry (CSV) has been shown to be a viable alternative. We demonstrate Mn CSV using an indium tin oxide (ITO) working electrode both bare and coated with a sulfonated charge selective polymer film, polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene-ran-butylene)-block-polystyrene-sulfonate (SSEBS). ITO itself proved to be an excellent electrode material for Mn CSV, achieving a calculated detection limit of 5 nM (0.3 ppb) with a deposition time of 3 min. Coating the ITO with the SSEBS polymer was found to increase the sensitivity and lower the detection limit to 1 nM (0.06 ppb). This polymer modified electrode offers excellent selectivity for Mn as no interferences were observed from other metal ions tested (Zn(2+), Cd(2+), Pb(2+), In(3+), Sb(3+), Al(3+), Ba(2+), Co(2+), Cu(2+), Ni(3+), Bi(3+), and Sn(2+)) except Fe(2+), which was found to interfere with the analytical signal for Mn(2+) at a ratio 20:1 (Fe(2+)/Mn(2+)). The applicability of this procedure to the analysis of tap, river, and pond water samples was demonstrated. This simple, sensitive analytical method using ITO and SSEBS-ITO could be applied to a number of electroactive transition metals detectable by CSV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cory A. Rusinek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
| | - Adam Bange
- Department of Chemistry, Xavier University, Cincinnati, OH 45207-4221, USA
| | - Mercedes Warren
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
| | - Wenjing Kang
- BioMicrosystems Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0030, USA
| | - Keaton Nahan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
| | - Ian Papautsky
- BioMicrosystems Lab, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computing Systems, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0030, USA
| | - William R. Heineman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221-0172, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Veerakumar P, Veeramani V, Chen SM, Madhu R, Liu SB. Palladium Nanoparticle Incorporated Porous Activated Carbon: Electrochemical Detection of Toxic Metal Ions. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:1319-26. [PMID: 26700093 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
A facile method has been developed for fabricating selective and sensitive electrochemical sensors for the detection of toxic metal ions, which invokes incorporation of palladium nanoparticles (Pd NPs) on porous activated carbons (PACs). The PACs, which were derived from waste biomass feedstock (fruit peels), possess desirable textural properties and porosities favorable for dispersion of Pd NPs (ca. 3-4 nm) on the graphitic PAC substrate. The Pd/PAC composite materials so fabricated were characterized by a variety of different techniques, such as X-ray diffraction, field-emission transmission electron microscopy, gas physisorption/chemisorption, thermogravimetric analysis, and Raman, Fourier-transform infrared, and X-ray photon spectroscopies. The Pd/PAC-modified glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) were exploited as electrochemical sensors for the detection of toxic heavy metal ions, viz., Cd(2+), Pb(2+), Cu(2+), and Hg(2+), which showed superior performances for both individual as well as simultaneous detections. For simultaneous detection of Cd(2+), Pb(2+), Cu(2+), and Hg(2+), a linear response in the ion concentration range of 0.5-5.5, 0.5-8.9, 0.5-5.0, and 0.24-7.5 μM, with sensitivity of 66.7, 53.8, 41.1, and 50.3 μA μM(-1) cm(-2), and detection limit of 41, 50, 66, and 54 nM, respectively, was observed. Moreover, the Pd/PAC-modified GCEs also show perspective applications in detection of metal ions in real samples, as illustrated in this study for a milk sample.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Vediyappan Veeramani
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology , Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology , Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Rajesh Madhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology , Taipei 10608, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Bin Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica , Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University , Taipei 11677, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Berg KE, Adkins JA, Boyle SE, Henry CS. Manganese Detection Using Stencil-printed Carbon Ink Electrodes on Transparency Film. ELECTROANAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201500474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|