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Renier N, Reinaud O, Jabin I, Valkenier H. Transmembrane transport of copper(i) by imidazole-functionalised calix[4]arenes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:8206-8209. [PMID: 32555796 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc03555f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Here we present the first synthetic transmembrane transporters for Cu+. Calix[4]arenes with two imidazole groups have a linear coordination motif, which allows selective extraction of Cu+ into chloroform. Transmembrane transport of Cu+ into liposomes was investigated with a newly developed assay and the results open the way to biomedical applications of these Cu+ ionophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Renier
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Engineering Molecular NanoSystems, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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Chen CS, Ogawa S, Imura Y, Suzuki M, Yoshimura E. Post-column detection of cadmium chelators by high-performance liquid chromatography using 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphinetetrasulfonic acid. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2020; 1141:122025. [PMID: 32109747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Cd(II) is toxic to many species, including humans, because it inactivates a number of enzymes and induces cytopathic effects in the liver, kidney, and skeletal tissues in humans. Metallothionein and glutathione (GSH) play a major role in the protection against Cd(II)-induced toxicity in mammalian cells. In this study, a relatively simple method for detecting trace amounts of Cd(II) chelators was developed by using 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphinetetrasulfonic acid (TPPS). The TPPS-Cd(II) complex was added to the elutions of high-performance liquid chromatography. The Cd(II) chelators separated by column chromatography were mixed with Cd(II)-bound TPPS (TPPS-Cd(II)). Cd(II) from TPPS-Cd(II) was chelated by the eluted Cd(II) chelators, resulting in the formation of free TPPS. The absorbance of TPPS shifted from 434 nm (TPPS-Cd(II)) to 414 nm (TPPS), and this characteristic shift was used to estimate the quantity and affinity of the Cd(II) chelators. This new method was compared with the bathocuproine disulfonate (BCS) method developed in our previous study. Instead of BCS-Cu(I), TPPS-Cd(II) was used as the colorimetric reagent. The experimental setup of the TPPS-based method is more general, and the preparation of the colorimetric solution is also much simpler than the BCS method. To verify the efficacy of this new method, we determined the actual Cd(II)-chelating ability of GSH in horse blood; the obtained concentration was in good agreement with the previously reported value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Shang Chen
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Shinya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; Department of Animal Radiology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Yuki Imura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Michio Suzuki
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
| | - Etsuro Yoshimura
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; The Open University of Japan, 2-11 Wakaba, Mishima-ku, Chiba-city, Chiba 261-8586, Japan.
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Serrano N, Díaz-Cruz JM, Ariño C, Esteban M. Recent contributions to the study of phytochelatins with an analytical approach. Trends Analyt Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Ogawa S, Yoshimura E. Comparison of methanol and acetonitrile eluents for the quantitation of chelators specific to soft-metal ions by HPLC. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2012; 909:34-6. [PMID: 23153641 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2012.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 10/01/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
HPLC eluent systems employing acetonitrile and methanol were evaluated for the quantitation of glutathione (GSH) and phytochelatin (PC(n)), a family of peptides implicated in heavy-metal detoxification in higher plants. The detection system is based on the dequenching of copper(I)-bathocuproine disulfonate and is specific for soft-metal chelators. Although both elution systems yielded comparable analytical performance for each PC(n), the acetonitrile system had a lower sensitivity for GSH and a steadily increasing baseline. The inferior properties of the acetonitrile system may be due to complex formation between acetonitrile and Cu(I) ions. Both methods were applied to measure peptide levels in the primitive red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae. Coefficients of variation (CVs) were less than 5%, except for GSH and PC(4) determinations in the acetonitrile system, in cases when CV values were found to be 8.8% and 6.3%, respectively. Recoveries were greater than 96%, except for GSH determination in the acetonitrile system, with a recovery of 84.4%; however, the concentration measured in the acetonitrile system did not differ from that measured in the methanol system at a significance level of 0.05.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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Chaturvedi KS, Hung CS, Crowley JR, Stapleton AE, Henderson JP. The siderophore yersiniabactin binds copper to protect pathogens during infection. Nat Chem Biol 2012; 8:731-6. [PMID: 22772152 PMCID: PMC3600419 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2012] [Accepted: 06/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial pathogens secrete chemically diverse iron chelators called siderophores, which may exert additional distinctive functions in vivo. Among these, uropathogenic Escherichia coli often coexpress the virulence-associated siderophore yersiniabactin (Ybt) with catecholate siderophores. Here we used a new MS screening approach to reveal that Ybt is also a physiologically favorable Cu(II) ligand. Direct MS detection of the resulting Cu(II)-Ybt complex in mice and humans with E. coli urinary tract infections demonstrates copper binding to be a physiologically relevant in vivo interaction during infection. Ybt expression corresponded to higher copper resistance among human urinary tract isolates, suggesting a protective role for this interaction. Chemical and genetic characterization showed that Ybt helps bacteria resist copper toxicity by sequestering host-derived Cu(II) and preventing its catechol-mediated reduction to Cu(I). Together, these studies reveal a new virulence-associated function for Ybt that is distinct from iron binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaveri S. Chaturvedi
- Center for Women’s Infectious Diseases Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Chia S. Hung
- Center for Women’s Infectious Diseases Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Jan R. Crowley
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Ann E. Stapleton
- Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey P. Henderson
- Center for Women’s Infectious Diseases Research, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
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Ogawa S, Yoshidomi T, Yoshimura E. Cadmium(II)-stimulated enzyme activation of Arabidopsis thaliana phytochelatin synthase 1. J Inorg Biochem 2011; 105:111-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2010] [Revised: 09/25/2010] [Accepted: 09/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Ogawa S, Yoshidomi T, Shirabe T, Yoshimura E. HPLC method for the determination of phytochelatin synthase activity specific for soft metal ion chelators. J Inorg Biochem 2009; 104:442-5. [PMID: 20074807 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2009.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2009] [Revised: 12/11/2009] [Accepted: 12/14/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Phytochelatins (PCs) are nonprotein peptides with the general structure (gamma-Glu-Cys)(n)-Gly (PC(n)), where n is greater than or equal to 2. They are synthesized through a reaction catalyzed by phytochelatin synthase (PCS) in the presence of metal cations and using the tripeptide glutathione (gamma-Glu-Cys-Gly) and/or previously synthesized PC(n) as the substrate. Here, a highly sensitive assay for PCS activity was devised, in which the dequenching of Cu(I)-bathocuproinedisulfonate complexes was used in the detection system of a reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatograph. Using recombinant PCS from the higher plant Arabidopsis thaliana (rAtPCS1), this assay system was capable of determining PCS activity based on an amount of the enzyme preparation that was 100-fold less than that required for the 5,5'-dithiobis(2-nitrobenzoic acid) assay method. Although adsorption of the enzyme onto the reaction vessel hindered accurate activity determination, the inclusion of bovine serum albumin successfully resolved this issue. This method is a powerful tool for investigating PCS enzyme mechanisms with respect to the roles of metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Ogawa
- Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan
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