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Cowie B, Mears KL, S’ari M, Lee JK, Briceno de Gutierrez M, Kalha C, Regoutz A, Shaffer MSP, Williams CK. Exploiting Organometallic Chemistry to Functionalize Small Cuprous Oxide Colloidal Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3816-3824. [PMID: 38301241 PMCID: PMC10870705 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
The ligand chemistry of colloidal semiconductor nanocrystals mediates their solubility, band gap, and surface facets. Here, selective organometallic chemistry is used to prepare small, colloidal cuprous oxide nanocrystals and to control their surface chemistry by decorating them with metal complexes. The strategy is demonstrated using small (3-6 nm) cuprous oxide (Cu2O) colloidal nanocrystals (NC), soluble in organic solvents. Organometallic complexes are coordinated by reacting the surface Cu-OH bonds with organometallic reagents, M(C6F5)2, M = Zn(II) and Co(II), at room temperature. These reactions do not disrupt the Cu2O crystallinity or nanoparticle size; rather, they allow for the selective coordination of a specific metal complex at the surface. Subsequently, the surface-coordinated organometallic complex is reacted with three different carboxylic acids to deliver Cu-O-Zn(O2CR') complexes. Selective nanocrystal surface functionalization is established using spectroscopy (IR, 19F NMR), thermal gravimetric analyses (TGA), transmission electron microscopy (TEM, EELS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Photoluminescence efficiency increases dramatically upon organometallic surface functionalization relative to that of the parent Cu2O NC, with the effect being most pronounced for Zn(II) decoration. The nanocrystal surfaces are selectively functionalized by both organic ligands and well-defined organometallic complexes; this synthetic strategy may be applicable to many other metal oxides, hydroxides, and semiconductors. In the future, it should allow NC properties to be designed for applications including catalysis, sensing, electronics, and quantum technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bradley
E. Cowie
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Kristian L. Mears
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
| | - Mark S’ari
- Johnson
Matthey, Johnson Matthey, Blounts Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, U.K.
| | - Ja Kyung Lee
- Johnson
Matthey, Johnson Matthey, Blounts Court, Sonning Common, Reading RG4 9NH, U.K.
| | | | - Curran Kalha
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Anna Regoutz
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1H 0AJ, U.K.
| | - Milo S. P. Shaffer
- Department
of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, Imperial College London, 82 Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, U.K.
| | - Charlotte K. Williams
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry
Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, U.K.
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2
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Fiedler C, Kleinhanns T, Garcia M, Lee S, Calcabrini M, Ibáñez M. Solution-Processed Inorganic Thermoelectric Materials: Opportunities and Challenges. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:8471-8489. [PMID: 36248227 PMCID: PMC9558429 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.2c01967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Thermoelectric technology requires synthesizing complex materials where not only the crystal structure but also other structural features such as defects, grain size and orientation, and interfaces must be controlled. To date, conventional solid-state techniques are unable to provide this level of control. Herein, we present a synthetic approach in which dense inorganic thermoelectric materials are produced by the consolidation of well-defined nanoparticle powders. The idea is that controlling the characteristics of the powder allows the chemical transformations that take place during consolidation to be guided, ultimately yielding inorganic solids with targeted features. Different from conventional methods, syntheses in solution can produce particles with unprecedented control over their size, shape, crystal structure, composition, and surface chemistry. However, to date, most works have focused only on the low-cost benefits of this strategy. In this perspective, we first cover the opportunities that solution processing of the powder offers, emphasizing the potential structural features that can be controlled by precisely engineering the inorganic core of the particle, the surface, and the organization of the particles before consolidation. We then discuss the challenges of this synthetic approach and more practical matters related to solution processing. Finally, we suggest some good practices for adequate knowledge transfer and improving reproducibility among different laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Fiedler
- Institute
of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Tobias Kleinhanns
- Institute
of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Maria Garcia
- Institute
of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Seungho Lee
- Institute
of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Mariano Calcabrini
- Institute
of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
| | - Maria Ibáñez
- Institute
of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA), Am Campus 1, 3400 Klosterneuburg, Austria
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3
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Sun Y, Polo‐Garzon F, Bao Z, Moon J, Huang Z, Chen H, Chen Z, Yang Z, Chi M, Wu Z, Liu J, Dai S. Manipulating Copper Dispersion on Ceria for Enhanced Catalysis: A Nanocrystal-Based Atom-Trapping Strategy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2104749. [PMID: 35048561 PMCID: PMC8922119 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Due to tunable redox properties and cost-effectiveness, copper-ceria (Cu-CeO2 ) materials have been investigated for a wide scope of catalytic reactions. However, accurately identifying and rationally tuning the local structures in Cu-CeO2 have remained challenging, especially for nanomaterials with inherent structural complexities involving surfaces, interfaces, and defects. Here, a nanocrystal-based atom-trapping strategy to access atomically precise Cu-CeO2 nanostructures for enhanced catalysis is reported. Driven by the interfacial interactions between the presynthesized Cu and CeO2 nanocrystals, Cu atoms migrate and redisperse onto the CeO2 surface via a solid-solid route. This interfacial restructuring behavior facilitates tuning of the copper dispersion and the associated creation of surface oxygen defects on CeO2 , which gives rise to enhanced activities and stabilities catalyzing water-gas shift reaction. Combining soft and solid-state chemistry of colloidal nanocrystals provide a well-defined platform to understand, elucidate, and harness metal-support interactions. The dynamic behavior of the supported metal species can be further exploited to realize exquisite control and rational design of multicomponent nanocatalysts.
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Grants
- U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division, Catalysis Science Program
- DE-AC02-06CH11357 U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Contract No.
- Scientific User Facilities Division, Office of Basic Sciences, U. S. Department of Energy
- U. S. Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Sun
- Chemical Sciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Felipe Polo‐Garzon
- Chemical Sciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Zhenghong Bao
- Chemical Sciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Jisue Moon
- Chemical Sciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Zhennan Huang
- Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of ChemistryThe University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA
| | - Zitao Chen
- Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Zhenzhen Yang
- Chemical Sciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Miaofang Chi
- Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Zili Wu
- Chemical Sciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
- Center for Nanophase Materials SciencesOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Jue Liu
- Neutron Scattering DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
| | - Sheng Dai
- Chemical Sciences DivisionOak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN37831USA
- Department of ChemistryThe University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN37996USA
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4
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Loiudice A, Niau BP, Buonsanti R. Crystal-Phase Control of Ternary Metal Oxides by Solid-State Synthesis with Nanocrystals. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2022; 2:233-238. [PMID: 37101825 PMCID: PMC10114672 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.1c00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ternary metal oxides are materials of interest for many applications, from batteries to catalysis. Their crystalline structure and composition determine their properties, and thus it is important to achieve control over these features. Here, we demonstrate that solid-state chemistry among nanocrystalline precursors is a promising approach for their synthesis. We show that the crystalline phase of nanocrystal precursors direct that of the ternary reaction product. The combination of X-ray and electron microscopy techniques reveals that the spinel and rhombohedral phases of copper iron oxide are obtained by reacting copper nanocrystals with spinel γ-Fe2O3 and corundum α-Fe2O3 nanocrystals, respectively. Considering the available library of nanocrystals with tunable crystal phases, this discovery opens up an alternative pathway toward the synthesis of a wide variety of ternary and quaternary materials, including those with metastable phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Loiudice
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Politechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Bastien P.G. Niau
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Politechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
| | - Raffaella Buonsanti
- Laboratory of Nanochemistry for Energy Research, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Politechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Sion CH-1950, Switzerland
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5
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Li MM, Ivanov SA. The intrinsic electrochemical behavior of layered Cu 2WSe 4nanoparticles. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:125602. [PMID: 34879362 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac4132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoplates of Cu2WSe4(∼50 nm) were synthesized via a hot-injection method by one-pot selenation of WCl6and Cu(acac)2. This synthetic route provided another perspective towards the intrinsic electrochemical properties of Cu2MSe4(M = Mo or W), where their nanoparticles were previously synthesized via a metathesis route. Cations-dependent cathodic events and surface activation anodic events were identified by cyclic voltammetry in acetonitrile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minyuan M Li
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Lab, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
| | - Sergei A Ivanov
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Lab, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America
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6
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Löffler T, Ludwig A, Rossmeisl J, Schuhmann W. Was macht Hochentropie‐Legierungen zu außergewöhnlichen Elektrokatalysateuren? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202109212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Löffler
- Analytische Chemie – Zentrum für Elektrochemie (CES) Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
- Lehrstuhl Materials Discovery and Interfaces Institut für Werkstoffe Fakultät für Maschinenbau Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
- Zentrum für Grenzflächendominierte Höchstleistungswerkstoffe (ZGH) Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Alfred Ludwig
- Lehrstuhl Materials Discovery and Interfaces Institut für Werkstoffe Fakultät für Maschinenbau Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
- Zentrum für Grenzflächendominierte Höchstleistungswerkstoffe (ZGH) Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC) Department of Chemistry University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 København Dänemark
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytische Chemie – Zentrum für Elektrochemie (CES) Fakultät für Chemie und Biochemie Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstraße 150 44780 Bochum Deutschland
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7
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Löffler T, Ludwig A, Rossmeisl J, Schuhmann W. What Makes High-Entropy Alloys Exceptional Electrocatalysts? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26894-26903. [PMID: 34436810 PMCID: PMC9292432 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202109212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The formation of a vast number of different multielement active sites in compositionally complex solid solution materials, often more generally termed high‐entropy alloys, offers new and unique concepts in catalyst design, which mitigate existing limitations and change the view on structure–activity relations. We discuss these concepts by summarising the currently existing fundamental knowledge and critically assess the chances and limitations of this material class, also highlighting design strategies. A roadmap is proposed, illustrating which of the characteristic concepts could be exploited using which strategy, and which breakthroughs might be possible to guide future research in this highly promising material class for (electro)catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Löffler
- Analytical Chemistry - Center For Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,Chair for Materials Discovery and Interfaces, Institute for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,Center for Interface-Dominated High-Performance Materials (ZGH), Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Alfred Ludwig
- Chair for Materials Discovery and Interfaces, Institute for Materials, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany.,Center for Interface-Dominated High-Performance Materials (ZGH), Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
| | - Jan Rossmeisl
- Center for High Entropy Alloy Catalysis (CHEAC), Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, 2100, København, Denmark
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center For Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780, Bochum, Germany
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