1
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Singh R, Claes P, Fielicke A, Janssens E, Lievens P, McGrady JE. Pathways of cluster growth: infra-red multi-photon dissociation spectroscopy of a series of Re-Si clusters, [ReSi n] +, n = 3-9. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:22611-22619. [PMID: 39158492 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp02208d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
Infra-red multiple-photon dissociation spectroscopy on Xe-tagged Re/Si clusters, [ReSin]+, n = 3-9, reveals intense absorption features around 400 cm-1, along with, in some cases, additional bands in the 250-350 cm-1 window. A survey of the potential energy surface using density functional theory in conjunction with particle swarm optimisation indicates a growth pattern based on a growing network of Si atoms wrapped around the Re centre: the Sin units can be viewed as fragments of a putative 16-vertex Frank-Kasper polyhedron. The structural evolution for the [ReSin]+ series differs significantly from the iso-electronic Mn series studied previously, where the metal ion is typically bound externally to the surface of a growing 3-dimensional Sin cluster, the differences reflecting the greater accessibility of 5d vs. 3d electron density.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roshan Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK.
| | - PieterJan Claes
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - André Fielicke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Ewald Janssens
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Peter Lievens
- Quantum Solid-State Physics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 D, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - John E McGrady
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, UK.
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2
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Wang Y, Li Y, Sang R, Xu L. [Bi 10{RuPPh 3} 3] -: Paramagnetic 13-Vertex Polybismuthide Heteroanion. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 39012053 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Ru(PPh3)3Cl2 reacts with Binn- from an ethylenediamine (en) solution of K5Bi4 to yield a new architype of 13-vertex [Bi10{RuPPh3}3]- (1) composed of unprecedented incomplete cuboidal Bi73- and triangular Bi33- held together by {RuPPh3}2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yankai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, China
| | - Ruili Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China
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3
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Réant BLL, Whitehead GFS, Mehta M. Zintl Clusters as a Platform for Lewis Acid Catalysis. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 38814137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Clusters of the main group elements phosphorus and arsenic, commonly categorized as Zintl clusters, have been known for over a century. And, only now is the application of these systems as catalysts for organic synthesis being investigated. In this work, boranes are tethered via an aliphatic linker to Zintl-based clusters and their Lewis acidity is examined experimentally, by the Gutmann-Beckett test and competency in the hydroborative reduction of six organic substrates, as well as computationally, by fluoride ion affinity and hydride ion affinity methods. The effects of tuning the aliphatic linker length, substituents at the boron, and changing the cluster from a seven-atom phosphorus system to a seven-atom arsenic system on reactivity are studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin L L Réant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - George F S Whitehead
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Meera Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3TA, United Kingdom
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4
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Parker MA, De Marco ML, Castro-Grijalba A, Ghoridi A, Portehault D, Pechev S, Hillard EA, Lacomme S, Bessière A, Cunin F, Rosa P, Gonidec M, Drisko GL. Size-tunable silicon nanoparticles synthesized in solution via a redox reaction. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:7958-7964. [PMID: 38564304 PMCID: PMC11044627 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr05793c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
A current challenge in silicon chemistry is to perform liquid-phase synthesis of silicon nanoparticles, which would permit the use of colloidal synthesis techniques to control size and shape. Herein we show how silicon nanoparticles were synthesized at ambient temperature and pressure in organic solvents through a redox reaction. Specifically, a hexacoordinated silicon complex, bis(N,N'-diisopropylbutylamidinato)dichlorosilane, was reduced by a silicon Zintl phase, sodium silicide (Na4Si4). The resulting silicon nanoparticles were crystalline with sizes tuned from a median particle diameter of 15 nm to 45 nm depending on the solvent. Photoluminescence measurements performed on colloidal suspensions of the 45 nm diameter silicon nanoparticles indicated a blue emission signal, attributed to the partial oxidation of the Si nanocrystals or to the presence of nitrogen impurities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Parker
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France.
| | | | | | - Anissa Ghoridi
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), F-75005 Paris, France
| | - David Portehault
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris (LCMCP), F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Stanislav Pechev
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France.
| | - Elizabeth A Hillard
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France.
| | - Sabrina Lacomme
- Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, UMR 52531919 route de Mende, 34293 Montpellier Cedex 05, France
| | - Aurélie Bessière
- Univ.Montpellier, CNRS, ICGM, ENSCM, UMR-5618, F-34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Frédérique Cunin
- Univ.Montpellier, CNRS, ICGM, ENSCM, UMR-5618, F-34293, Montpellier, France
| | - Patrick Rosa
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France.
| | - Mathieu Gonidec
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France.
| | - Glenna L Drisko
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux-INP, ICMCB, UMR 5026, F-33600, Pessac, France.
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5
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Réant BL, Mehta M. Zintl Ions and Phases Promote the Catalytic Hydrophosphination of Alkynes, Alkenes, and Imines. Organometallics 2024; 43:395-401. [PMID: 38362486 PMCID: PMC10865437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Although Zintl ions and phases have been known for more than a century, their application as tools to build organic molecules is underdeveloped. Here, a range of Zintl ions and phases were surveyed in the hydrophosphination of alkynes, alkenes, and imines with diphenylphosphine to afford useful organophosphine products. Further investigations with diphenylphosphine in the absence of the unsaturated organic substrates revealed the formation of the diphenylphosphide anion, allowing for the conclusion that the role of the Zintl species is as an initiator in these transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin
L. L. Réant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Meera Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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6
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Townrow OPE, Weller AS, Goicoechea JM. Controlled cluster expansion at a Zintl cluster surface. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316120. [PMID: 38010628 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Reaction of the tris-hypersilyl nonagermanide Zintl cluster salt, K[Ge9 (Hyp)3 ] (Hyp=Si(SiMe3 )3 ) with [Rh(η2 ,η2 -L)Cl]2 (L=1,5-cyclooctadiene, COD; norbornadiene, NBD) afforded eleven- and twelve-vertex homo-multimetallic clusters by cluster core expansion. Using a stepwise procedure, starting from the Zintl cluster [Rh(COD){Ge9 (Hyp)3 }] and [Ir(COD)Cl]2 , this methodology was expanded for the synthesis of eleven-vertex hetero-multimetallic clusters. A mechanism for the formation of these first examples of closo eleven-vertex Zintl clusters is proposed, informed by density functional theory calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver P E Townrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Chemistry Research Laboratory, 12 Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Andrew S Weller
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Jose M Goicoechea
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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7
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Zang Y, Wang Y, Sang R, Xu L. Dimeric polybismuth heteroanion of [Rh@Bi 10(RhCO) 5] 2- constructed using Bi 10-bowl and square pyramidal Rh@(Rh-CO) 5. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15935-15939. [PMID: 37843250 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02402d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Redox reaction of the monovalent Rh2(CO)4Cl2 and Binn- (n = 2, 3) from K5Bi4 in ethylenediamine (en) solution produced the decabismuthide-hexarhodium dianion [Rh@Bi10(RhCO)5]2- (1a) wherein a novel Bi10-bowl was constructed from oxidized 2Bi3/2Bi2 open triangles/dimers, which was stabilized by strong bonding to a reduced Rh@(RhCO)5 square pyramid. Two 1a dianons are held together by weak interactions (van der Waals forces and spatial resistance) to form a dimer [Rh@Bi10(RhCO)5]24- (1). The structure and bonding of the novel polybismuthide heteroanion 1 are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yipeng Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yueyue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ruili Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
| | - Li Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, China.
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8
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Báez-Grez R, Inostroza D, Vásquez-Espinal A, Islas R, Pino-Rios R. Exploration of the potential energy surface in mixed Zintl clusters applying an automatic Johnson polyhedra generator: the case of arachno E 6M 24- (E = Si, Ge, Sn; M = Sb, Bi). RSC Adv 2023; 13:24499-24504. [PMID: 37588980 PMCID: PMC10426391 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04308h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
A new algorithm called Automatic Johnson Cluster Generator (AJCG) is presented, which, as its name indicates, allows the definition of the desired Johnson polyhedron to subsequently carry out all the possible permutations between the atoms that form this polyhedron. This new algorithm allows the exhaustive study of the structures' potential energy surface (PES). In addition, the AJCG algorithm is helpful for the study of three-dimensional compounds such as boranes or Zintl clusters and their structural derivatives with two or more different atoms. The automatic filling of vertices is particularly useful in mixed compounds because of the possibility of taking into account all possible configurations in the structure. As a test system, we investigated the arachno-type E6M24- (E = Si, Ge, Sn; M = Sb, Bi) structure which has eight vertices and complies with Wade-Mingos rules. Initially, we defined a bipyramidal structure (10 vertices), and filled the vertices with the atoms in all possible configurations. Since the selected system has eight atoms, the two remaining vertices were filled with pseudo atoms to complete the structure. After re-optimizing the initial population generated with AJCG, a large number of isomers with energy below 10 kcal mol-1 are identified. These results show that the most stable isomers possess homonuclear M-M bonds, except Sn6Bi24-. Although the overall putative minima differ at the PBE0-D3 and DLPNO-CCSD(T) levels, they are always competitive minima. In addition to using high-precision methodologies to correctly study relative energies, applying solvent effects in highly charged systems becomes mandatory. The aromatic character of these studied systems was demonstrated qualitatively with two- and three-dimensional mapping and quantitatively by calculating the value of the z-component of the induced magnetic field at the cage center, including scalar and spin-orbit correction for relativistic effects. The compounds studied have a high degree of aromaticity, which allows us to establish that despite structural modifications (i.e., from closo to arachno), the aromaticity is preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Báez-Grez
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 275 Santiago Chile 8370146
| | - Diego Inostroza
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 275 Santiago Chile 8370146
- Doctorado en Fisicoquímica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 275 Santiago Chile
| | - Alejandro Vásquez-Espinal
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat Casilla 121 Iquique Chile 1100000
| | - Rafael Islas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 275 Santiago Chile 8370146
- Centro de Química Teórica & Computacional (CQT&C), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andres Bello República 275 Santiago Chile 8370146
| | - Ricardo Pino-Rios
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat Casilla 121 Iquique Chile 1100000
- Instituto de Estudios de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat Casilla 121 Iquique Chile 1100000
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9
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Sinha S, Giri S, Chakraborty A. Exploring an intermolecular Ge/B frustrated Lewis pair from a multicentre Zintl Lewis base. Theor Chem Acc 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-023-02961-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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10
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Poitiers NE, Huch V, Morgenstern B, Zimmer M, Scheschkewitz D. Siliconoid Expansion by a Single Germanium Atom through Isolated Intermediates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202205399. [PMID: 35502469 PMCID: PMC9401078 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202205399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The growth of (semi-)metal clusters is pivotal for nucleation processes in gaseous and condensed phases. We now report the isolation of intermediates during the expansion of a stable unsaturated silicon cluster (siliconoid) by a single germanium atom through a sequence of substitution, rearrangement and reduction. The reaction of ligato-lithiated hexasilabenzpolarene LiSi6 Tip5 (1Li⋅(thf)2 , Tip=2,4,6-triisopropylphenyl) with GeCl2 ⋅NHC (NHC=1,3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene) initially yields the product with exohedral germanium(II) functionality, which then inserts into an Si-Si bond of the Si6 scaffold. The concomitant transfer of the chloro functionality from germanium to an adjacent silicon preserves the electron-precise nature of the formed endohedral germylene. Full incorporation of the germanium heteroatom to the Si6 Ge cluster core is finally achieved either by reduction under loss of the coordinating NHC or directly by reaction of 1Li⋅(thf)2 with GeCl2 ⋅1,4-dioxane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine E. Poitiers
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityGermany
| | - Volker Huch
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityGermany
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityGermany
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic ChemistrySaarland UniversityGermany
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11
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Klementyeva SV, Schrenk C, Schnepf A. Oxidation of [Ge 9{Si(SiMe 3) 3} 3] − with LnI 3 (Ln = Eu, Sm, Yb): Isomerism of Metalloid Germanium Clusters. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:11787-11795. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Claudio Schrenk
- Chemistry Department, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen Germany
| | - Andreas Schnepf
- Chemistry Department, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen Germany
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12
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Poitiers NE, Huch V, Morgenstern B, Zimmer M, Scheschkewitz D. Gerüsterweiterung eines Silicoids um ein einzelnes Germaniumatom über isolierte Zwischenprodukte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202205399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadine E. Poitiers
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
| | - Volker Huch
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
| | - Bernd Morgenstern
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
| | - Michael Zimmer
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
| | - David Scheschkewitz
- Krupp Chair in General and Inorganic Chemistry Saarland University Deutschland
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13
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Morgan HWT, Shu CC, Sun ZM, McGrady JE. Missing Link in the Growth of Lead-Based Zintl Clusters: Isolation of the Dimeric Plumbaspherene [Cu 4Pb 22] 4. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8007-8017. [PMID: 35451815 PMCID: PMC9100666 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
We report here the
structure of an endohedral plumbaspherene, [Cu4Pb22]4–, the gold analogue of
which was previously postulated to be a “missing link”
in the growth of larger clusters containing three and four icosahedral
subunits. The cluster contains two [Cu2Pb11]2– subunits linked through a Cu2Pb4 trigonal antiprism. Density functional theory reveals that the striking
ability of mixed Pb/coinage metal Zintl clusters to oligomerize and,
in the case of Au, to act as a site of nucleation for additional metal
atoms, is a direct consequence of their nd10(n + 1)s0 configuration, which generates
both a low-lying (n + 1)s-based LUMO and also a high-lying
Pb-centered HOMO. Cluster growth and nucleation is then driven by
this amphoteric character, allowing the clusters to form donor–acceptor
interactions between adjacent icosahedral units or to additional metal
atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry W T Morgan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
| | - Cong-Cong Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Zhong-Ming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - John E McGrady
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QR, U.K
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14
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Wallach C, Klein W, Fässler TF. Nonagermanide Zintl Clusters with Mg2+ Counter Ions. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.202200065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Thomas Friedrich Fässler
- Technische Universität München: Technische Universitat Munchen Department of Chemistry Lichtenbergstr. 4 85747 Garching GERMANY
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15
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Xu HL, Qiao L, Sun ZM. [Co 2@(Ge 17Ni)] 4-: the first edge-sharing double-cage endohedral germanide. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3190-3193. [PMID: 35171154 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06038d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report here a new double-cage endohedral Ge cluster, [Co2@(Ge17Ni)]4-, fused through two [Co@(Ge9Ni)] moieties with a shared Ni-Ge edge. This ternary Co-Ge-Ni species not only represents the first double-cage example of an 18-vertex Zintl cluster, but also fills in the missing link of the edge fusion model in the double-cage systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Lei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Lei Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Zhong-Ming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Tianjin Key Lab of Rare Earth Materials and Applications, School of Material Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China.
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16
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van IJzendoorn B, Vitorica‐Yrezabal IJ, Whitehead GFS, Mehta M. Heteroallene Capture and Exchange at Functionalised Heptaphosphane Clusters. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202103737. [PMID: 34851528 PMCID: PMC9300033 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Despite being known for decades the chemical reactivity of homoatomic seven-atom phosphorus clusters towards small molecules remains largely unexplored. Here, we report that neutral tris(silyl) functionalised heptaphosphane (P7 (SiR3 )3 ) cages are capable of heteroallene capture between the P-Si bonds of the cluster. A range of isocyanates and an isothiocyanate were investigated. In the case of isocyanates, silyl bonding at oxygen or nitrogen is regioselectively directed by the functional group on the isocyanate and substituents on the silyl moiety. Above all, we find that captured isothiocyanate molecules can be exchanged for isocyanate molecules, indicative of small molecule catch and release. Small molecule catch and release at these Zintl-derived clusters reveals their potential application as chemical storage materials or as reusable probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bono van IJzendoorn
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
| | | | - George F. S. Whitehead
- X-ray Diffraction FacilityUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
| | - Meera Mehta
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUnited Kingdom
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17
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Kauzlarich SM, Ju Z, Tseng E, Lundervold J. Recent developments in germanium containing clusters in intermetallics and nanocrystals. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:13236-13252. [PMID: 34726681 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00538c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Multimetallic clusters can be described as building blocks in intermetallics, compounds prepared from all metals and/or semi-metals, and in Zintl phases, a subset of intermetallics containing metals with large differences in electronegativity. In many cases, these intermetallic and Zintl phases provide the first clue for the possibilities of bond formation between metals and semi-metals. Recent advances in multimetallic clusters found in Zintl phases and nanoparticles focusing on Ge with transition metals and semi-metals is presented. Colloidal routes to Ge nanocrystals provide an opportunity for kinetically stabilized Ge-metal and Ge-semi-metal bonding. These routes provide crystalline nanoclusters of Ge, hereafter referred to as nanocrystals, that can be structurally characterized. Compositions of Ge nanocrystals containing transition metals, and the semi-metals, Sb, Bi, and Sn, whose structures have recently been elucidated through EXAFS, will be presented along with potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Kauzlarich
- Chemistry Department, One Shields Ave, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Zheng Ju
- Chemistry Department, One Shields Ave, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Emily Tseng
- Chemistry Department, One Shields Ave, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
| | - Jesse Lundervold
- Chemistry Department, One Shields Ave, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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18
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Wallach C, Selic Y, Witzel BJL, Klein W, Fässler TF. Filled trivacant icosahedra as building fragments in 17-atom endohedral germanides [ TM2@Ge 17] n- ( TM = Co, Ni). Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13671-13675. [PMID: 34570145 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The syntheses and the characterization of two 17-atom endohedral Ge clusters, [Co2@Ge17]6- (1a) and [Ni2@Ge17]4- (2a), are reported. The anions 1a and 2a, which close the gap between the known 16- and 18-atom Ge clusters, are investigated by single crystal X-ray diffraction and by quantum chemical calculations. The structures mark a new example on the pathway for cluster growth towards larger clusters with icosahedral symmetry. Furthermore, the [Co@Ge10]3- anion (3a) is obtained from liquid ammonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Wallach
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany.
| | - Yasmin Selic
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany.
| | - Benedikt J L Witzel
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany.
| | - Wilhelm Klein
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany.
| | - Thomas F Fässler
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany.
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19
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Streitferdt V, Tiefenthaler SM, Shenderovich IG, Gärtner S, Korber N, Gschwind RM. NMR‐Spectroscopic Detection of an Elusive Protonated and Coinage Metalated Silicide [NHC
Dipp
Cu(η
4
‐Si
9
)H]
2−
in Solution. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202100419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Streitferdt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | | | | | - Stefanie Gärtner
- Central Analytics University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Nikolaus Korber
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
| | - Ruth M. Gschwind
- Institute of Organic Chemistry University of Regensburg 93040 Regensburg Germany
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