1
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Fenton T, Ahmad E, Li G. Solar CO 2 reduction using a molecular Re(I) catalyst grafted on SiO 2via amide and alkyl amine linkages. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:2645-2652. [PMID: 38224246 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03623e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Heterogenized molecular catalysts have shown interesting activities in different chemical transformations. In our previous studies, a molecular catalyst, Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine, was covalently attached to silica surfaces via an amide linkage for use in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Derivatizing the bpy ligand with electron-withdrawing amide groups led to detrimental effects on the catalytic activity of Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl. In this study, an alkyl amine linkage is utilized to attach Re(bpy)(CO)3Cl onto SiO2 in order to eliminate the detrimental effects of the amide linkage by breaking the conjugation between the bpy ligand and the amide group. However, the heterogenized Re(I) catalyst containing the alkyl amine linkage demonstrates even lower activity than the one containing the amide linkage in photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Infrared studies suggest that the presence of the basic amine group led to the formation of a photocatalytically inactive Re(I)-OH species on SiO2. Furthermore, the amine group likely contributes to the stabilization of a surface Re(I)-carboxylato species formed upon light irradiation, resulting in the low activity of the heterogenized Re(I) catalyst containing the alkyl amine linkage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Fenton
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, USA.
| | - Esraa Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, USA.
| | - Gonghu Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, 03824, USA.
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2
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De R, Dietzek‐Ivanšić B. A Happy Get-Together - Probing Electrochemical Interfaces by Non-Linear Vibrational Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200407. [PMID: 35730530 PMCID: PMC9796775 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical interfaces are key structures in energy storage and catalysis. Hence, a molecular understanding of the active sites at these interfaces, their solvation, the structure of adsorbates, and the formation of solid-electrolyte interfaces are crucial for an in-depth mechanistic understanding of their function. Vibrational sum-frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopy has emerged as an operando spectroscopic technique to monitor complex electrochemical interfaces due to its intrinsic interface sensitivity and chemical specificity. Thus, this review discusses the happy get-together between VSFG spectroscopy and electrochemical interfaces. Methodological approaches for answering core issues associated with the behavior of adsorbates on electrodes, the structure of solvent adlayers, the transient formation of reaction intermediates, and the emergence of solid electrolyte interphase in battery research are assessed to provide a critical inventory of highly promising avenues to bring optical spectroscopy to use in modern material research in energy conversion and storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ratnadip De
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic TechnologyDepartment Functional InterfacesAlbert-Einstein-Straße 907745JenaGermany
- Institute of Physical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller UniversityHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
| | - Benjamin Dietzek‐Ivanšić
- Leibniz-Institute of Photonic TechnologyDepartment Functional InterfacesAlbert-Einstein-Straße 907745JenaGermany
- Institute of Physical ChemistryFriedrich Schiller UniversityHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
- Center of Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC Jena)Friedrich Schiller UniversityHelmholtzweg 407743JenaGermany
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3
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Bhattacharyya D, Videla PE, Palasz JM, Tangen I, Meng J, Kubiak CP, Batista VS, Lian T. Sub-Nanometer Mapping of the Interfacial Electric Field Profile Using a Vibrational Stark Shift Ruler. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:14330-14338. [PMID: 35905473 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c05563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The characterization of electrical double layers is important since the interfacial electric field and electrolyte environment directly affect the reaction mechanisms and catalytic rates of electrochemical processes. In this work, we introduce a spectroscopic method based on a Stark shift ruler that enables mapping the electric field strength across the electric double layer of electrode/electrolyte interfaces. We use the tungsten-pentacarbonyl(1,4-phenelenediisocyanide) complex attached to the gold surface as a molecular ruler. The carbonyl (CO) and isocyanide (NC) groups of the self-assembled monolayer (SAM) provide multiple vibrational reporters situated at different distances from the electrode. Measurements of Stark shifts under operando electrochemical conditions and direct comparisons to density functional theory (DFT) simulations reveal distance-dependent electric field strength from the electrode surface. This electric field profile can be described by the Gouy-Chapman-Stern model with Stern layer thickness of ∼4.5 Å, indicating substantial solvent and electrolyte penetration within the SAM. Significant electro-induction effect is observed on the W center that is ∼1.2 nm away from the surface despite rapid decay of the electric field (∼90%) within 1 nm. The applied methodology and reported findings should be particularly valuable for the characterization of a wide range of microenvironments surrounding molecular electrocatalysts at electrode interfaces and the positioning of electrocatalysts at specific distances from the electrode surface for optimal functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhritiman Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Pablo E Videla
- Department of Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Joseph M Palasz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Isaac Tangen
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Jinhui Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Clifford P Kubiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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4
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Farah YR, Krummel AT. The N3/TiO2 Interfacial Structure is Dependent on the pH Conditions During Sensitization. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:044702. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0099543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The electronic structure of the N3/TiO2 interface can directly influence the performance of a dye sensitized solar cell (DSSC). Therefore, it is crucial to understand the parameters that control the dye's orientation on the semiconductor's surface. A typical step in DSSC fabrication is to submerge the nanoparticulate semiconductor film in a solution containing the dye, the sensitizing solution. The pH of the N3 sensitizing solution determines the distribution of the N3 protonation states that exist in solution. Altering the pH of the sensitizing solution changes the N3 protonation states that exist in solution and, subsequently, the N3 protonation states that anchor to the TiO2 substrate. We utilize the surface specific technique of heterodyne detected vibrational sum frequency generation (HD-VSFG) to determine the binding geometry of N3 on a TiO2 surface as a function of the sensitizing solution pH conditions. It is determined that significant reorientation of the dye occurs in pH 2.0 conditions due to lack of N3-dye carboxylate anchoring groups participating in adsorption to the TiO2 substrate. Consequently, the change in molecular geometry is met with a change in interfacial electronic structure that can hinder electron transfer in DSSC architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amber T. Krummel
- Chemistry, Colorado State University Department of Chemistry, United States of America
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5
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6
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7
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Wang XZ, Meng SL, Chen JY, Wang HX, Wang Y, Zhou S, Li XB, Liao RZ, Tung CH, Wu LZ. Mechanistic Insights Into Iron(II) Bis(pyridyl)amine-Bipyridine Skeleton for Selective CO 2 Photoreduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26072-26079. [PMID: 34545677 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A bis(pyridyl)amine-bipyridine-iron(II) framework (Fe(BPAbipy)) of complexes 1-3 is reported to shed light on the multistep nature of CO2 reduction. Herein, photocatalytic conversion of CO2 to CO even at low CO2 concentration (1 %), together with detailed mechanistic study and DFT calculations, reveal that 1 first undergoes two sequential one-electron transfer affording an intermediate with electron density on both Fe and ligand for CO2 binding over proton. The following 2 H+ -assisted Fe-CO formation is rate-determining for selective CO2 -to-CO reduction. A pendant, proton-shuttling α-OH group (2) initiates PCET for predominant H2 evolution, while an α-OMe group (3) cancels the selectivity control for either CO or H2 . The near-unity selectivity of 1 and 2 enables self-sorting syngas production at flexible CO/H2 ratios. The unprecedented results from one kind of molecular catalyst skeleton encourage insight into the beauty of advanced multi-electron and multi-proton transfer processes for robust CO2 RR by photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shu-Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jia-Yi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xu-Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong, University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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8
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Wang X, Meng S, Chen J, Wang H, Wang Y, Zhou S, Li X, Liao R, Tung C, Wu L. Mechanistic Insights Into Iron(II) Bis(pyridyl)amine‐Bipyridine Skeleton for Selective CO
2
Photoreduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu‐Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Shu‐Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jia‐Yi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong, University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Hai‐Xu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Shuai Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Xu‐Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Rong‐Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Huazhong, University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430074 P. R. China
| | - Chen‐Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Li‐Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China
- School of Future Technology University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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9
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Besalú-Sala P, Solà M, Luis JM, Torrent-Sucarrat M. Fast and Simple Evaluation of the Catalysis and Selectivity Induced by External Electric Fields. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pau Besalú-Sala
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Solà
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Josep M. Luis
- Institut de Química Computacional i Catàlisi and Departament de Química, Universitat de Girona, Campus de Montilivi, 17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Miquel Torrent-Sucarrat
- Department of Organic Chemistry I, Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU) and Donostia International Physics Center (DIPC), P Manuel Lardizabal 3, E-20018 Donostia/San Sebastián, Euskadi, Spain
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Euskadi, Spain
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10
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Seki T, Yu X, Zhang P, Yu CC, Liu K, Gunkel L, Dong R, Nagata Y, Feng X, Bonn M. Real-time study of on-water chemistry: Surfactant monolayer-assisted growth of a crystalline quasi-2D polymer. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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11
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12
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Gera R, Bakker HJ, Franklin-Mergarejo R, Morzan UN, Falciani G, Bergamasco L, Versluis J, Sen I, Dante S, Chiavazzo E, Hassanali AA. Emergence of Electric Fields at the Water-C12E6 Surfactant Interface. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:15103-15112. [PMID: 34498857 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c05112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
We study the properties of the interface of water and the surfactant hexaethylene glycol monododecyl ether (C12E6) with a combination of heterodyne-detected vibrational sum frequency generation (HD-VSFG), Kelvin-probe measurements, and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. We observe that the addition of the hydrogen-bonding surfactant C12E6, close to the critical micelle concentration (CMC), induces a drastic enhancement in the hydrogen bond strength of the water molecules close to the interface, as well as a flip in their net orientation. The mutual orientation of the water and C12E6 molecules leads to the emergence of a broad (∼3 nm) interface with a large electric field of ∼1 V/nm, as evidenced by the Kelvin-probe measurements and MD simulations. Our findings may open the door for the design of novel electric-field-tuned catalytic and light-harvesting systems anchored at the water-surfactant-air interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Gera
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Huib J Bakker
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Uriel N Morzan
- International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Falciani
- Energy Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Luca Bergamasco
- Energy Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Jan Versluis
- AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Indraneel Sen
- Uppsala University, Laegerhyddsvaegen 1, 751 20 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Silvia Dante
- Materials Characterization Facility, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Eliodoro Chiavazzo
- Energy Department, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, Torino 10129, Italy
| | - Ali A Hassanali
- International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Strada Costiera 11, 34151 Trieste, Italy
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13
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Bhattacharyya D, Videla PE, Cattaneo M, Batista VS, Lian T, Kubiak CP. Vibrational Stark shift spectroscopy of catalysts under the influence of electric fields at electrode-solution interfaces. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10131-10149. [PMID: 34377403 PMCID: PMC8336477 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc01876k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
External control of chemical processes is a subject of widespread interest in chemical research, including control of electrocatalytic processes with significant promise in energy research. The electrochemical double-layer is the nanoscale region next to the electrode/electrolyte interface where chemical reactions typically occur. Understanding the effects of electric fields within the electrochemical double layer requires a combination of synthesis, electrochemistry, spectroscopy, and theory. In particular, vibrational sum frequency generation (VSFG) spectroscopy is a powerful technique to probe the response of molecular catalysts at the electrode interface under bias. Fundamental understanding can be obtained via synthetic tuning of the adsorbed molecular catalysts on the electrode surface and by combining experimental VSFG data with theoretical modelling of the Stark shift response. The resulting insights at the molecular level are particularly valuable for the development of new methodologies to control and characterize catalysts confined to electrode surfaces. This Perspective article is focused on how systematic modifications of molecules anchored to surfaces report information concerning the geometric, energetic, and electronic parameters of catalysts under bias attached to electrode surfaces. Heterogeneous electrocatalysis: characterization of interfacial electric field within the electrochemical double layer.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhritiman Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast Atlanta Georgia 30322 USA
| | - Pablo E Videla
- Department of Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University 225 Prospect Street New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA
| | - Mauricio Cattaneo
- INQUINOA-UNT-CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Instituto de Química Física, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán Ayacucho 471 (4000) San Miguel de Tucumán Argentina
| | - Victor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University 225 Prospect Street New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast Atlanta Georgia 30322 USA
| | - Clifford P Kubiak
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0358 La Jolla California 92093 USA
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14
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Barry E, Burns R, Chen W, De Hoe GX, De Oca JMM, de Pablo JJ, Dombrowski J, Elam JW, Felts AM, Galli G, Hack J, He Q, He X, Hoenig E, Iscen A, Kash B, Kung HH, Lewis NHC, Liu C, Ma X, Mane A, Martinson ABF, Mulfort KL, Murphy J, Mølhave K, Nealey P, Qiao Y, Rozyyev V, Schatz GC, Sibener SJ, Talapin D, Tiede DM, Tirrell MV, Tokmakoff A, Voth GA, Wang Z, Ye Z, Yesibolati M, Zaluzec NJ, Darling SB. Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems: The Central Role of Water/Solid Interfaces in Adsorption, Reactivity, and Transport. Chem Rev 2021; 121:9450-9501. [PMID: 34213328 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The structure, chemistry, and charge of interfaces between materials and aqueous fluids play a central role in determining properties and performance of numerous water systems. Sensors, membranes, sorbents, and heterogeneous catalysts almost uniformly rely on specific interactions between their surfaces and components dissolved or suspended in the water-and often the water molecules themselves-to detect and mitigate contaminants. Deleterious processes in these systems such as fouling, scaling (inorganic deposits), and corrosion are also governed by interfacial phenomena. Despite the importance of these interfaces, much remains to be learned about their multiscale interactions. Developing a deeper understanding of the molecular- and mesoscale phenomena at water/solid interfaces will be essential to driving innovation to address grand challenges in supplying sufficient fit-for-purpose water in the future. In this Review, we examine the current state of knowledge surrounding adsorption, reactivity, and transport in several key classes of water/solid interfaces, drawing on a synergistic combination of theory, simulation, and experiments, and provide an outlook for prioritizing strategic research directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Barry
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Raelyn Burns
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Wei Chen
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Guilhem X De Hoe
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Joan Manuel Montes De Oca
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Juan J de Pablo
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - James Dombrowski
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Jeffrey W Elam
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Alanna M Felts
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Giulia Galli
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - John Hack
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Qiming He
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Xiang He
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Eli Hoenig
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Aysenur Iscen
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Benjamin Kash
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Harold H Kung
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Nicholas H C Lewis
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Chong Liu
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Xinyou Ma
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Anil Mane
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Alex B F Martinson
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Karen L Mulfort
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Julia Murphy
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Kristian Mølhave
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 1 Bygning 101A, Kgs. Lyngby, Lyngby, Hovedstaden 2800, DK Denmark
| | - Paul Nealey
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Yijun Qiao
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Vepa Rozyyev
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Applied Materials Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - George C Schatz
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208 United States
| | - Steven J Sibener
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Dmitri Talapin
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - David M Tiede
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Matthew V Tirrell
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Andrei Tokmakoff
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Gregory A Voth
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, 5735 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Zhongyang Wang
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Zifan Ye
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
| | - Murat Yesibolati
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 1 Bygning 101A, Kgs. Lyngby, Lyngby, Hovedstaden 2800, DK Denmark
| | - Nestor J Zaluzec
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Photon Sciences Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States
| | - Seth B Darling
- Advanced Materials for Energy-Water Systems (AMEWS) Energy Frontier Research Center (EFRC), Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Center for Molecular Engineering, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439 United States.,Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, Illinois 60637 United States
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15
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Ma B, Blanco M, Calvillo L, Chen L, Chen G, Lau TC, Dražić G, Bonin J, Robert M, Granozzi G. Hybridization of Molecular and Graphene Materials for CO 2 Photocatalytic Reduction with Selectivity Control. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:8414-8425. [PMID: 34033471 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the quest for designing efficient and stable photocatalytic materials for CO2 reduction, hybridizing a selective noble-metal-free molecular catalyst and carbon-based light-absorbing materials has recently emerged as a fruitful approach. In this work, we report about Co quaterpyridine complexes covalently linked to graphene surfaces functionalized by carboxylic acid groups. The nanostructured materials were characterized by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, IR and Raman spectroscopies, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and proved to be highly active in the visible-light-driven CO2 catalytic conversion in acetonitrile solutions. Exceptional stabilities (over 200 h of irradiation) were obtained without compromising the selective conversion of CO2 to products (>97%). Most importantly, complete selectivity control could be obtained upon adjusting the experimental conditions: production of CO as the only product was achieved when using a weak acid (phenol or trifluoroethanol) as a co-substrate, while formate was exclusively obtained in solutions of mixed acetonitrile and triethanolamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Ma
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire (LEM), F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Matías Blanco
- Department of Chemical Sciences, INSTM Unit, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Laura Calvillo
- Department of Chemical Sciences, INSTM Unit, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Lingjing Chen
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Gui Chen
- School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Dongguan University of Technology, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong, P.R. China
| | - Tai-Chu Lau
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Goran Dražić
- Department of Materials Chemistry, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Julien Bonin
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire (LEM), F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Marc Robert
- Université de Paris, CNRS, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire (LEM), F-75006 Paris, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Gaetano Granozzi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, INSTM Unit, University of Padova, Via F. Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
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16
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Farah YR, Krummel AT. The pH-dependent orientation of N3 dye on a gold substrate is revealed using heterodyne-detected vibrational sum frequency generation spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:124702. [PMID: 33810664 DOI: 10.1063/5.0040986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on systematic changes to the adsorption geometry of the dye N3 {[cis-bis(isothiocyanato)bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylato ruthenium(II)]} on a gold substrate as the pH of the deposition environment is altered. The protonation states of the four -COOH groups of the N3 dye change according to the modified pH conditions, thus affecting the number of -COOH and -NCS functional groups that participate in the adsorption to gold. Here, we use heterodyne detected vibrational sum frequency generation (HD-VSFG) spectroscopy to obtain surface specific vibrational information on both -COOH and -NCS groups as a function of pH of the deposition conditions. Polarization-dependent HD-VSFG yields sets of complex χ(2) spectra, enabling us to perform a simultaneous fitting procedure to the polarization-dependent real and imaginary components and thus extract detailed structural information of the N3/gold interface. Our results show that N3 preferentially adsorbs to gold either with two -COOH groups and one -NCS group in more acidic conditions or with one -COOH group and two -NCS groups in more basic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusef R Farah
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
| | - Amber T Krummel
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA
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17
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Chattopadhyay S, Bandyopadhyay S, Dey A. Kinetic Isotope Effects on Electron Transfer Across Self-Assembled Monolayers on Gold. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:597-605. [PMID: 33411526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reactions requiring controlled delivery of protons and electrons are important in storage of energy in small molecules. While control over proton transfer can be achieved by installing appropriate chemical functionality in the catalyst, control of electron-transfer (ET) rates can be achieved by utilizing self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on electrodes. Thus, a deeper understanding of the ET through SAM to an immobilized or covalently attached redox-active species is desirable. Long-range ET across several SAM-covered Au electrodes to covalently attached ferrocene is investigated using protonated and deuterated thiols (R-SH/R-SD). The rate of tunneling is measured using both chronoamperometry and cyclic voltammetry, and it shows a prominent kinetic isotope effect (KIE). The KIE is ∼2 (normal) for medium-chain-length thiols but ∼0.47 (inverse) for long-chain thiols. These results imply substantial contribution from the classical modes at the Au-(H)SR interface, which shifts substantially upon deuteration of the thiols, to the ET process. The underlying H/D KIE of these exchangeable thiol protons should be considered when analyzing solvent isotope effects in catalysis utilizing SAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Chattopadhyay
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal
| | - Sabyasachi Bandyopadhyay
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal
| | - Abhishek Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, West Bengal
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18
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Tahara K, Ashihara Y, Ikeda T, Kadoya T, Fujisawa JI, Ozawa Y, Tajima H, Toyoda N, Haruyama Y, Abe M. Immobilizing a π-Conjugated Catecholato Framework on Surfaces of SiO 2 Insulator Films via a One-Atom Anchor of a Platinum Metal Center to Modulate Organic Transistor Performance. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:17945-17957. [PMID: 33169615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Chemical modification of insulating material surfaces is an important methodology to improve the performance of organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). However, few redox-active self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) have been constructed on gate insulator film surfaces, in contrast to the numerous SAMs formed on many types of conducting electrodes. In this study, we report a new approach to introduce a π-conjugated organic fragment in close proximity to an insulating material surface via a transition metal center acting as a one-atom anchor. On the basis of the reported coordination chemistry of a catecholato complex of Pt(II) in solution, we demonstrate that ligand exchange can occur on an insulating material surface, affording SAMs on the SiO2 surface derived from a newly synthesized Pt(II) complex containing a benzothienobenzothiophene (BTBT) framework in the catecholato ligand. The resultant SAMs were characterized in detail by water contact angle measurements, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The SAMs served as good scaffolds of π-conjugated pillars for forming thin films of a well-known organic semiconductor C8-BTBT (2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene), accompanied by the engagements of the C8-BTBT molecules with the SAMs containing the common BTBT framework at the first layer on SiO2. OFETs containing the SAMs displayed improved performance in terms of hole mobility and onset voltage, presumably because of the unique interfacial structure between the organic semiconducting and inorganic insulating layers. These findings provide important insight into creating new elaborate interfaces through installing coordination chemistry in solution to solid surfaces, as well as OFET design by considering the compatibility between SAMs and organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keishiro Tahara
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Yuya Ashihara
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikeda
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Kadoya
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichi Fujisawa
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, Gunma University, 1-5-1, Tenjin, Kiryu, Gunma 3768515, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ozawa
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tajima
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
| | - Noriaki Toyoda
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167, Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 6712280, Japan
| | - Yuichi Haruyama
- Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology for Industry, University of Hyogo, 3-1-2 Koto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781205, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 6781297, Japan
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19
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Heiner Z, Petrov V, Mero M. Efficient, sub-4-cycle, 1-µm-pumped optical parametric amplifier at 10 µm based on BaGa 4S 7. OPTICS LETTERS 2020; 45:5692-5695. [PMID: 33057261 DOI: 10.1364/ol.403856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on a microjoule-scale mid-infrared optical parametric amplifier (OPA) based on the recently developed wide-bandgap orthorhombic crystal, BaGa4S7 (BGS) and directly compare its performance to that of LiGaS2 (LGS) in the same OPA setup. The source is based on a single OPA stage amplifying supercontinuum seed pulses with a quantum efficiency of 29% at an idler wavelength of 10 µm, featuring nominally carrier-envelope phase-stable pulses. As a result of pumping the OPA directly at 1 µm, the overall conversion efficiency far exceeds that of traditional schemes based on OPAs followed by difference frequency generation. Chirp compensation using bulk germanium resulted in 126 fs pulses covering the 7.6-11.5 µm spectral range. BGS holds great promise for power scaling due to its availability in larger single-crystal sizes than LGS.
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20
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Xu P, Huang A, Suntivich J. Phase-Sensitive Second-Harmonic Generation of Electrochemical Interfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:8216-8221. [PMID: 32880461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between molecular species and charged interfaces plays an indispensable role in a multitude of electrochemical devices. Yet, very little is understood about the nature of this interaction, in particular, the interfacial electric field. Second-order nonlinear spectroscopy such as second-harmonic generation (SHG) can provide chemical information on these interfacial interactions; however, the phase information has received limited attention in electrochemical SHG studies. Here, we demonstrate that the phase of the SHG is essential to the measurement of the electric field at the electrode-electrolyte interface. Our in situ SHG experiment provides strong evidence in support of the parabolic model with complex nonlinear susceptibilities. We conclude that if the absolute phase of the total SHG signal with both χ(2) and χ(3) contributions can be obtained, it would be possible to measure the potential of zero charge of any electrochemical material.
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21
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Yang W, Vansuch GE, Liu Y, Jin T, Liu Q, Ge A, Sanchez MLK, K Haja D, Adams MWW, Dyer RB, Lian T. Surface-Ligand "Liquid" to "Crystalline" Phase Transition Modulates the Solar H 2 Production Quantum Efficiency of CdS Nanorod/Mediator/Hydrogenase Assemblies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:35614-35625. [PMID: 32662974 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c07820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study reports how the length of capping ligands on a nanocrystal surface affects its interfacial electron transfer (ET) with surrounding molecular electron acceptors, and consequently, impact the H2 production of a biotic-abiotic hybrid artificial photosynthetic system. Specifically, we study how the H2 production efficiency of a hybrid system, combining CdS nanorods (NRs), [NiFe] hydrogenase, and redox mediators (propyl-bridged 2,2'-bipyridinium, PDQ2+), depends on the alkyl chain length of mercaptocarboxylate ligands on the NR surface. We observe a minor decrease of the quantum yield for H2 production from 54 ± 6 to 43 ± 2% when varying the number of methylene units in the ligands from 2 to 7. In contrast, an abrupt decrease of the yield was observed from 43 ± 2 to 4 ± 1% when further increasing n from 7 to 11. ET studies reveal that the intrinsic ET rates from the NRs to the electron acceptor PDQ2+ are all within 108-109 s-1 regardless of the length of the capping ligands. However, the number of adsorbed PDQ2+ molecules on NR surfaces decreases dramatically when n ≥ 10, with the saturating number changing from 45 ± 5 to 0.3 ± 0.1 for n = 2 and 11, respectively. These results are not consistent with the commonly perceived exponential dependence of ET rates on the ligand length. Instead, they can be explained by the change of the accessibility of NR surfaces to electron acceptors from a disordered "liquid" phase at n < 7 to a more ordered "crystalline" phases at n > ∼7. These results highlight that the order of capping ligands is an important design parameter for further constructing nanocrystal/molecular assemblies in broad nanocrystal-based applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxing Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Physical Chemistry, Uppsala University, SE-75120 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gregory E Vansuch
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yawei Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Tao Jin
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Qiliang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Aimin Ge
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Monica L K Sanchez
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Dominik K Haja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Michael W W Adams
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - R Brian Dyer
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, 1515 Dickey Drive Northeast, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
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22
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Ikeda T, Tahara K, Kadoya T, Tajima H, Toyoda N, Yasuno S, Ozawa Y, Abe M. Ferrocene on Insulator: Silane Coupling to a SiO 2 Surface and Influence on Electrical Transport at a Buried Interface with an Organic Semiconductor Layer. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:5809-5819. [PMID: 32407106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c00515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A silane coupling-based procedure for decoration of an insulator surface containing abundant hydroxy groups by constructing redox-active self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) is described. A newly synthesized ferrocene (Fc) derivative containing a triethoxysilyl group designated FcSi was immobilized on SiO2/Si by a simple operation that involved immersing the substrate in a toluene solution of the Fc silane coupling reagent and then rinsing the resulting substrate. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements confirmed that the Fc group was immobilized on SiO2/Si in the Fe(II) state. Cyclic voltammetry measurements showed that the Fc groups were electrically insulated from the Si electrode by the SiO2 layer. The FcSi on SiO2/Si structures were found to serve as a good scaffold for formation of organic semiconductor thin films by vacuum thermal evaporation of C8-BTBT (2,7-dioctyl[1]benzothieno[3,2-b][1]benzothiophene), which is well-known as an organic field-effect transistor (OFET) material. The X-ray diffraction profile indicated that the conventional standing-up conformation of the C8-BTBT molecules perpendicular to the substrates was maintained in the thin films formed on FcSi@SiO2/Si. Further vacuum thermal evaporation of Au provided an FcSi-based OFET structure with good transfer characteristics. The FcSi-based OFET showed pronounced source-drain current hysteresis between the forward and backward scans. The degree of this hysteresis was varied reversibly via gate bias manipulation, which was presumably accompanied by trapping and detrapping of hole carriers at the Fc-decorated SiO2 surface. These findings provide new insights into application of redox-active SAMs to nonvolatile OFET memories while also creating new interfaces through junctions with functional thin films, in which the underlying redox-active SAMs play supporting roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ikeda
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Keishiro Tahara
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Tomofumi Kadoya
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Tajima
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Noriaki Toyoda
- Graduate School of Engineering, University of Hyogo, 2167, Shosha, Himeji, Hyogo 671-2280, Japan
| | - Satoshi Yasuno
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, 1-1-1, Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Ozawa
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
| | - Masaaki Abe
- Graduate School of Material Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1, Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan
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23
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Hou J, Sun G, Liu J, Gao X, Zhang X, Lu Z. Liquid/Vapor Interface of Dimethyl Carbonate-Methanol Binary Mixtures Investigated by Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy and Molecular Dynamics Simulation. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:4211-4221. [PMID: 32338908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the dimethyl carbonate (DMC)-methanol binary mixture was used as a benchmark system to study the molecular structures of the liquid/vapor interface of organic-organic mixtures by sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. It was discovered that both the methanol and DMC molecules are anisotropically oriented at the surface, yielding strong SFG-VS signals in the C-H stretching frequency range for both molecules. The detailed analyses of the spectroscopic and MD data reveal that the increase of the methanol bulk concentrations reduces the orientational order of the methyl groups for both the interfacial DMC and methanol molecules but does not significantly affect the orientations of the carbonyl group in DMC. Moreover, no obvious correlations were found between the room-temperature orientations of the surface molecules and the azeotropic mole fraction. The present work paves the road for future investigations on the molecular structures of the liquid/vapor interfaces of other organic-organic mixtures, especially those that are important in industrial separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guanlun Sun
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jianchuan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xin Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, National Engineering Research Center of Distillation Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xianyi Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
| | - Zhou Lu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Material Science and Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241002, China
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24
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Cattaneo M, Guo F, Kelly HR, Videla PE, Kiefer L, Gebre S, Ge A, Liu Q, Wu S, Lian T, Batista VS. Robust Binding of Disulfide-Substituted Rhenium Bipyridyl Complexes for CO 2 Reduction on Gold Electrodes. Front Chem 2020; 8:86. [PMID: 32117901 PMCID: PMC7031654 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogenization of homogenous catalysts on electrode surfaces provides a valuable approach for characterization of catalytic processes in operando conditions using surface selective spectroelectrochemistry methods. Ligand design plays a central role in the attachment mode and the resulting functionality of the heterogenized catalyst as determined by the orientation of the catalyst relative to the surface and the nature of specific interactions that modulate the redox properties under the heterogeneous electrode conditions. Here, we introduce new [Re(L)(CO)3Cl] catalysts for CO2 reduction with sulfur-based anchoring groups on a bipyridyl ligand, where L = 3,3′-disulfide-2,2′-bipyridine (SSbpy) and 3,3′-thio-2,2′-bipyridine (Sbpy). Spectroscopic and electrochemical analysis complemented by computational modeling at the density functional theory level identify the complex [Re(SSbpy)(CO)3Cl] as a multi-electron acceptor that combines the redox properties of both the rhenium tricarbonyl core and the disulfide functional group on the bipyridyl ligand. The first reduction at −0.85 V (vs. SCE) involves a two-electron process that breaks the disulfide bond, activating it for surface attachment. The heterogenized complex exhibits robust anchoring on gold surfaces, as probed by vibrational sum-frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy. The binding configuration is normal to the surface, exposing the active site to the CO2 substrate in solution. The attachment mode is thus particularly suitable for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Cattaneo
- INQUINOA-UNT-CONICET, Facultad de Bioquímica, Química y Farmacia, Instituto de Química Física, Universidad Nacional de Tucumán, San Miguel de Tucumán, Argentina
| | - Facheng Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - H Ray Kelly
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Pablo E Videla
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Laura Kiefer
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Sara Gebre
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Aimin Ge
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Qiliang Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Shaoxiong Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Víctor S Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
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25
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Sarkar S, Maitra A, Banerjee S, Thoi VS, Dawlaty JM. Electric Fields at Metal-Surfactant Interfaces: A Combined Vibrational Spectroscopy and Capacitance Study. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:1311-1321. [PMID: 31985221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c00560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Surfactants modulate interfacial processes. In electrochemical CO2 reduction, cationic surfactants promote carbon product formation and suppress hydrogen evolution. The interfacial field produced by the surfactants affects the energetics of electrochemical intermediates, mandating their detailed understanding. We have used two complementary tools-vibrational Stark shift spectroscopy which probes interfacial fields at molecular length scales and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) which probes the entire double layer-to study the electric fields at metal-surfactant interfaces. Using a nitrile as a probe, we found that at open-circuit potentials, cationic surfactants produce larger effective interfacial fields (∼-1.25 V/nm) when compared to anionic surfactants (∼0.4 V/nm). At a high bulk surfactant concentration, the surface field reaches a terminal value, suggesting the formation of a full layer, which is also supported by EIS. We propose an electrostatic model that explains these observations. Our results help in designing tailored surfactants for influencing electrochemical reactions via the interfacial field effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohini Sarkar
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Anwesha Maitra
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Soumyodip Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - V Sara Thoi
- Department of Chemistry , Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore , Maryland 21218 , United States
| | - Jahan M Dawlaty
- Department of Chemistry , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
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