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Ji M, Yu D, Liu X, Wang L, Zhang D, Yang Z, Huang W, Fan H, Wang L, Sun H. Glutathione-dependent degradation of SMARCA2/4 for targeted lung cancer therapy with improved selectivity. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 277:116751. [PMID: 39128328 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 08/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
SMARCA2 and SMARCA4 are the mutually exclusive catalytic subunits of the mammalian Switch/Sucrose Non-Fermentable (SWI/SNF) chromatin remodeling complex, and have recently been considered as attractive synthetic lethal targets for PROTAC-based cancer therapy. However, the potential off-tissue toxicity towards normal tissues remains a concern. Here, we optimize a GSH-inducible SMARCA2/4-based PROTAC precursor with selective antitumor activity towards lung cancer cells and negligible cytotoxicity towards normal cells in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The precursor is not bioactive or cytotoxic, but preferentially responds to endogenous GSH in GSH-rich lung cancer cells, releasing active PROTAC to degrade SMARCA2/4 via PROTAC-mediated proteasome pathway. Subsequent xenograft model study reveals that selective SMARCA2/4 degradation in lung tumors triggers DNA damage and apoptosis, which significantly inhibits lung cancer cell proliferation without obvious adverse events towards normal tissues. This study exemplifies the targeted degradation of SMARCA2/4 in lung cancer cells by the GSH-responsive PROTAC precursor, highlighting its potential as an encouraging cancer therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ji
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Dehao Yu
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Luo Wang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Dongli Zhang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Zhengduo Yang
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, 300121, China
| | - Wanqiao Huang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Heli Fan
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
| | - Huabing Sun
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
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2
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S S, Sam S, Girish Kumar K. Polyethyleneimine capped silver nanoclusters based turn-off-on fluorescence sensor for the determination of glutathione. Talanta 2024; 278:126541. [PMID: 39018760 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 07/19/2024]
Abstract
A polyethyleneimine capped silver nanoclusters (PEI-AgNCs) based turn-off-on fluorescence sensor has been developed to determine glutathione (GSH) effectively. The fluorescence intensity of silver nanoclusters (AgNCs) has been quenched by Cu(II) and recovered by adding GSH. The quenching of fluorescence intensity of PEI-AgNCs by Cu(II) and recovery of the emission intensity of PEI-AgNCs after the addition of GSH is supposed to be ground state adduct formation. Due to the greater affinity of Cu(II) towards GSH compared to that to PEI-AgNCs, the defragmentation of PEI-AgNCs-Cu(II) adduct occurs after the addition of GSH to the solution, resulting in the recovery of emission intensity of PEI-AgNCs. Characterisation studies of the probe have been done using FT-IR spectroscopy, XPS analysis, XRD analysis, UV-visible and Fluorescence spectrophotometry, EDX spectroscopy and TEM analysis. Different experimental parameters were optimised. Under optimised analytical conditions, the sensor showed a wide linear range for the quantification of GSH from 1.00 × 10-4 M to 3.00 × 10-6 M with a detection limit (LOD) of 8.00 × 10-7 M. Selectivity and interference studies were done in the presence of different structurally similar and coexisting species of GSH in blood. The practical utility of the proposed sensor has been validated in artificial blood serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swathy S
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India
| | - Sonia Sam
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India
| | - K Girish Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Cochin University of Science and Technology, Kochi, 682022, Kerala, India.
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3
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Liu T, Li Y, Mi L, Wei Y, Zhang Y, Mao W. Sequential activation strategy of triazinyl resorufin for high selectivity fluorescence GSH detection. Talanta 2024; 269:125477. [PMID: 38039668 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
The abnormally elevated expression level of glutathione (GSH) has been observed in various human cancer cells and tissue. Thus, effective methods for glutathione detection are of great importance in early diagnosis of cancer. However, many fluorescent probes for GSH detection suffer from the interference of the abundantly existent nucleophilic biomolecules in biological environment. In this work, we propose a sequential activation strategy to overcome this problem by designing and synthesizing a series of 1,3,5-triazinyl resorufin turn-on fluorescent probe (Probes 1-3). As two electrophilic sites are presented in probes, GSH sequentially reacts with the resorufin and the triazine moiety, resulting in significant fluorescence augmentation (up to 165.0-fold). Designed probes possess low limit of detection as low as 1.8 μM). Cellular fluorescent imaging has been successfully applied to selectively detect GSH in several living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyou Liu
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Ying Li
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Li Mi
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Yixin Wei
- West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610072, PR China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- Division of Thyroid Surgery, Department of General Surgery and Laboratory of Thyroid and Parathyroid Disease, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, PR China
| | - Wuyu Mao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, Precision Medicine Research Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610093, PR China.
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4
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Wan QH, Gu M, Shi WJ, Tang YX, Lu Y, Xu C, Chen XS, Wu XT, Gao L, Han DX, Niu L. Meso-aryltellurium-BODIPY-based fluorescence turn-on probe for selective, sensitive and fast glutathione sensing in HepG2 cells. Talanta 2024; 267:125251. [PMID: 37776804 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) as one most abundant thiol, acts as important roles in regulating cellular redox activities, and various diseases are closely related with its abnormal levels. Thus, monitoring intracellular GSH levels is essential for understanding cellular metabolism of many related diseases. In this work, we firstly reported a new fluorescence turn-on sensor, which was capable of selectively, sensitively and rapid sensing GSH over other thiols, especially cysteine and homocysteine in solutions and living cells. A meso-aryltellurium boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) was firstly designed and synthesized, which showed silenced emission due to an efficient photoinduced electron transfer (PET) process from electron-rich Te to BODIPY, and then upon exposure to GSH, the meso-Te-C bond could be rapidly cleaved by the thiol group of GSH, thus resulting in an obvious fluorescence "turn-on" phenomenon through inhibition of the PET effect. This probe exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity towards GSH with a short response time of 2 min, showing a remarkable fluorescence enhancement observed at 541 nm with a large fluorescence quantum yield increase from nearly 0 to 0.73 upon excitation at 500 nm in PBS/CH3CN (9/1, v/v). The detection limit towards GSH was further calculated to be 1.7 nM by the linear fluorescence change at 541 nm in the GSH-concentration ranging from 0 to 4 μM. Furthermore, its sensing mechanism was validated by using mass spectrometry, confirming the rapid cleavage of the Te-C bond by GSH. Finally, cell imaging experiments demonstrated that this probe could successfully detect GSH in living cells, highlighting its potential for rapid and sensitive detection of intracellular GSH level changes. Therefore, a new meso-aryltellurium-BODIPY fluorescence turn-on sensor was firstly developed, which could selectively, sensitively and fast detect cellular GSH over other thiols based on the rapid cleavage of the meso Te-C bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hui Wan
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Mingxi Gu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Shi
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
| | - Yu-Xin Tang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Yin Lu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Chang Xu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xiao-Shan Chen
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Xin-Tong Wu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Liqian Gao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, PR China.
| | - Dong-Xue Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China
| | - Li Niu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, c/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, PR China.
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5
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Zeng Y, Wang Z, Zeng L, Xiong H. Enhancing or Quenching of a Mitochondria-Targeted AIEgens-Floxuridine Sensor by the Regulation of pH-Dependent Self-assembly, Efficient Recognition of Hg 2+, and Stimulated Response of GSH. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18880-18888. [PMID: 38088834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Biocompatible fluorescent probes have emerged as essential tools in life sciences for visualizing subcellular structures and detecting specific analytes. Herein, we report the synthesis and characterization of a novel fluorescent probe (TPE-FdU), incorporated with hydrophilic 2'-fluoro-substituted deoxyuridine and hydrophobic ethynyl tetraphenylethene moieties, which possessed typical aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior. In comparison to the TPE-FdU (pKa 7.68) treated in neutral conditions, it performed well at pH 4, exhibiting an enhanced 450 nm emission signal of approximately four times stronger. As the pH value was increased to 10, the fluorescence intensity was completely quenched. The TEM images of TPE-FdU in an acidic environment (nanospherical morphology, AIE enhance, pH = 4) and in a basic environment (microrods, fluorescence quenching, pH = 9) revealed that it was a pH-dependent self-assembled probe, which was also illustrated by the interpretation of the NMR spectrum. Furthermore, the TPE-FdU probe exhibited a specific response to trace Hg2+ ions. Interestingly, the quenched fluorescence of the TPE-FdU probe caused by Hg2+ can be recovered by the addition of GSH due to the formation of the Hg-S bond being released away. MTT assay and CLSM images demonstrated that TPE-FdU was nontoxic and selectively visualized in the intracellular mitochondria. These results contributed to the development of advanced fluorescent probes with diverse applications in cell imaging, environment protection, and biomedical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Zeng
- Institute of Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Institute of Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Linyu Zeng
- Institute of Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Hai Xiong
- Institute of Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
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6
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Zeng Y, Hameed S, Xiong H. Multifunctional nucleoside-AIEgens bearing quaternary ammonium cationic for reversible response, bioimaging, and antibacterial. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1283:341924. [PMID: 37977773 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
A multifunctional nucleoside-based AIEgens sensor (TPEPy-dU) was constructed for visual screening of Hg2+, determine to the reversible response of Fe3+ and biothiols, and applied for cell imaging, and drug-free bacterial killing. The TPEPy-dU displayed 10-folds fluorescence enhancement at 540 nm of emission in response to trace Hg2+ ions with 10 nM of LOD, which can be immediately quenched by adding Fe3+ or GSH/Cys-containing sulfhydryl groups. Moreover, their bacterial staining efficiency closely correlates with their antibacterial efficacy as they demonstrated comparatively higher antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria than Gram-negative bacteria. The drug-free antibacterial results involved the stating prominent surface damages at the sites of interactions between bacterial cells and TPEPy-dU that were further verified by CLSM and SEM images. It can be applied as a potential fluorescent agent to explore the related antibacterial mechanisms for treating and monitoring bacterial infections in vivo due to their nontoxic nature. Compared with conventional sensors and antibacterial therapies, these findings elevated the synthetic strategies of fluorescent probes and represented an advanced antibacterial agent wearing quaternary ammonium cationic with low resistance in clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Zeng
- Institute of Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Saima Hameed
- Institute of Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China
| | - Hai Xiong
- Institute of Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, PR China.
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7
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Zhao Y, Li L, Ye Q, Gong Y, Yang R, Liu H. Reaction-Activated Disassembly of the NIR-II Probe Enables Fast Detection and Ratiometric Photoacoustic Imaging of Glutathione In Vivo. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14043-14051. [PMID: 37677104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH), the most abundant nonprotein biothiol, is a significant endogenous molecule that plays a key role in redox equilibrium in vivo and is regarded as a critical biomarker of cancer. Currently, various fluorescent probes have been designed and synthesized for imaging GSH at the cellular level in the visible range and the first near-infrared window (NIR-I, 750-900 nm). However, the application of these fluorescent probes for bioimaging and biosensing in vivo has been extremely hindered by the high biobackground and low tissue penetration. Herein, based on the self-assembly and disassembly of J-aggregation, we designed and synthesized a GSH-activatable probe MC-PSE for second near-infrared window (NIR-II) fluorescence and ratiometric photoacoustic imaging of GSH in vivo. The anionic cyanine-based MC-PSE tends to form stable J-aggregates in an aqueous solution. Upon the reaction with GSH, the J-aggregates of MC-PSE disassembled, the emission peak intensity of MC-PSE at 940 nm significantly increased by about 20 times, and the PA900/PA980 ratio increased by 4 times within 15 min in vitro. Notably, we used MC-PSE to visualize GSH in tumor-bearing mice and to distinguish normal and tumor areas successfully by virtue of NIR-II FL and PA dual-modal imaging. The design strategy of MC-PSE provides a novel method for ratiometric photoacoustic imaging, and MC-PSE is expected to be a powerful tool for the accurate detection of GSH in cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixing Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Lingyun Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Qiaozhen Ye
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Yijun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P. R. China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Hongwen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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8
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Xie W, Jiang J, Shu D, Zhang Y, Yang S, Zhang K. Recent Progress in the Rational Design of Biothiol-Responsive Fluorescent Probes. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28104252. [PMID: 37241992 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28104252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biothiols such as cysteine, homocysteine, and glutathione play significant roles in important biological activities, and their abnormal concentrations have been found to be closely associated with certain diseases, making their detection a critical task. To this end, fluorescent probes have become increasingly popular due to their numerous advantages, including easy handling, desirable spatiotemporal resolution, high sensitivity, fast response, and favorable biocompatibility. As a result, intensive research has been conducted to create fluorescent probes for the detection and imaging of biothiols. This brief review summarizes recent advances in the field of biothiol-responsive fluorescent probes, with an emphasis on rational probe design, including the reaction mechanism, discriminating detection, reversible detection, and specific detection. Furthermore, the challenges and prospects of fluorescence probes for biothiols are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Xie
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
| | - Jinyu Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Dunji Shu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology &Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Sheng Yang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Cytochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology &Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology &Traditional Chinese Medicine Research, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China
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9
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Qin S, Liu Q, Li K, Qiu L, Xie M, Lin J. Neuropilin 1-targeted near-infrared fluorescence probes for tumor diagnosis. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2023; 84:129196. [PMID: 36828298 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2023.129196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Two neuropilin 1 (NRP1)-targeted near-infrared fluorescence probes for tumor imaging were synthesized via click reaction. These two probes achieve excellent solubility and less aggregation. Importantly, they were able to rapidly target NRP1-overexpressing tumors and had long retention within tumors. Additionally, QS-1 with appropriate hydrophilicity displays higher tumor to muscle (T/M) ratio. And QS-1 can be easily modified with other functional group, and serve as a platform for constructing dual-modal or dual-targeting probes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Qin
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Qingzhu Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Ke Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Ling Qiu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China
| | - Minhao Xie
- School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.
| | - Jianguo Lin
- NHC Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine, Wuxi 214063, China.
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10
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Li N, Wang T, Wang N, Fan M, Cui X. A Substituted-Rhodamine-Based Reversible Fluorescent Probe for In Vivo Quantification of Glutathione. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217326. [PMID: 36564368 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Quantifying glutathione (GSH) in cells and organisms is of great significance for understanding the mechanism of oxidative stress in various physiological and pathological processes. However, the quantification by fluorescence bioimaging in living tissues has much stricter requirements than the "Petri dish"-cultured cells in flat plates. Based on the evaluation of the electronic structure and steric hindrance-tuned reactivity of phospha-substituted rhodamine with GSH, a reversible Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) probe ZpSiP with a distinct performance (Kd =4.9 mM, t1/2 =0.57 s, k=81 M-1 s-1 ) is developed for real time quantifying GSH in living cells. Furthermore, the near-infrared (NIR) probe succeeded in sensitively tracking the dynamics of GSH in the real organisms bearing tumors, chronic renal failure, and liver fibrosis for unveiling the related pathological processes. We believe that the advance in chemistry with quantitative analysis methods will initiate more promising progress and broad applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Li
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ning Wang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Mengting Fan
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Cui
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai, 200241, P. R. China
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11
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Zhang F, Chen F, Shen R, Chen YX, Zhao Z, Zhang B, Fang J. Naphthalimide Fluorescent Skeleton for Facile and Accurate Quantification of Glutathione. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4301-4309. [PMID: 36812128 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH), the most prevalent nonprotein thiol in biological systems, acts as both an antioxidant to manipulate intracellular redox homeostasis and a nucleophile to detoxify xenobiotics. The fluctuation of GSH is closely related to the pathogenesis of diverse diseases. This work reports the construction of a nucleophilic aromatic substitution-type probe library based on the naphthalimide skeleton. After an initial evaluation, the compound R13 was identified as a highly efficient GSH fluorescent probe. Further studies demonstrate that R13 could readily quantify GSH in cells and tissues via a straightforward fluorometric assay with a comparable accuracy to the results from the HPLC. We then used R13 to quantify the content of GSH in mouse livers after X-ray irradiation, revealing that irradiation-induced oxidative stress leads to the increase of oxidized GSH (GSSG) and depletion of GSH. In addition, probe R13 was also applied to investigate the alteration of the GSH level in the Parkinson's mouse brains, showing a decrease of GSH and an increase of GSSG in Parkinson's mouse brains. The convenience of the probe in quantifying GSH in biological samples facilitates further understanding of the fluctuation of the GSH/GSSG ratio in diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Fan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ruipeng Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ya-Xiong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Space Radiobiology of Gansu Province & CAS Key Laboratory of Heavy Ion Radiation Biology and Medicine, Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhengjia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Baoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jianguo Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry and College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science & Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
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12
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A water-soluble two-photon fluorescent probe for rapid and reversible monitoring of redox state. Talanta 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Sun X, Guo F, Ye Q, Zhou J, Han J, Guo R. Fluorescent Sensing of Glutathione and Related Bio-Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 13:16. [PMID: 36671851 PMCID: PMC9855688 DOI: 10.3390/bios13010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH), as the most abundant low-molecular-weight biological thiol, plays significant roles in vivo. Abnormal GSH levels have been demonstrated to be related to the dysfunction of specific physiological activities and certain kinds of diseases. Therefore, the sensing of GSH is emerging as a critical issue. Cancer, with typical high morbidity and mortality, remains one of the most serious diseases to threaten public health. As it is clear that much more concentrated GSH is present at tumor sites than at normal sites, the in vivo sensing of GSH offers an option for the early diagnosis of cancer. Moreover, by monitoring the amounts of GSH in specific microenvironments, effective diagnosis of ROS levels, neurological diseases, or even stroke has been developed as well. In this review, we focus on the fluorescent methodologies for GSH detection, since they can be conveniently applied in living systems. First, the fluorescent sensing methods are introduced. Then, the principles for fluorescent sensing of GSH are discussed. In addition, the GSH-sensing-related biological applications are reviewed. Finally, the future opportunities in in the areas of fluorescent GSH sensing-in particular, fluorescent GSH-sensing-prompted disease diagnosis-are addressed.
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14
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Xu C, Li G, Gan L, Yuan B. In Situ Electrochemical Formation of Oxo-Functionalized Graphene on Glassy Carbon Electrode with Chemical Fouling Recovery and Antibiofouling Properties for Electrochemical Sensing of Reduced Glutathione. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 12:antiox12010008. [PMID: 36670870 PMCID: PMC9854563 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12010008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical detection can be used to achieve intracellular or in vivo analysis of reduced glutathione (GSH) in tissues such as brain by using a microelectrode, which can help to better understand the complex biochemical processes of this molecule in the human body. The main challenges associated with electrochemical GSH detection are the chemical fouling of electrodes, caused by the oxidation product of GSSG, and biofouling due to the non-specific absorption of biological macromolecules. Oxo-functionalized graphene was generated in situ on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode using a green electrochemical method without using any other modifiers or materials in a mild water solution. The fabricated oxo-functionalized graphene interface was characterized by Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, electrochemistry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements. The interface showed high electrocatalytic activity towards the oxidation of GSH, and a simple and efficient GSH sensor was developed. Interestingly, the electrode is reusable and could be recovered from the chemical fouling via electrochemical oxidation and reduction treatment. The electrode also exhibited good antibiofouling properties. The presented method could be a promising method used to treat carbon materials, especially carbon-based microelectrodes for electrochemical monitoring of intracellular glutathione or in vivo analysis.
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15
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Wu G, Zhao Y, Li X, Lu X, Qu T. Fluorescent probes based on the core-shell structure of molecular imprinted materials and gold nanoparticles for highly selective glutathione detection. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:5034-5040. [PMID: 36468235 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay01363k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is a polypeptide with important physiological functions. Real-time and accurate detection of GSH is of great significance for clinical diagnosis, disease treatment and pathogen detection. A fluorescent nanosensor based on composite core-shell nanoparticles for the highly selective detection of GSH is reported. In the cores, the fluorescence of rhodamine b was quenched by using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), and GSH could competitively combine with AuNPs to cause rhodamine b to fall off, thereby recovering the fluorescence. In the shell part, molecularly imprinted materials using oxidized glutathione (GSSG) as a pseudotemplate provide GSH/GSSG specific pores and improve the specificity and anti-interference ability of the sensor. The GSH sensor has a detection range of 0-100 μM and limit of detection (LOD) of 0.18 μM, and robust sensing performance in fetal bovine serum, indicating its great potential for clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoli Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, Children's Hospital of Shanxi, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - Yongdan Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Lu, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Xiaofang Li
- College of Life Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010000, China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Lu, Taiyuan 030001, China.
| | - Tingli Qu
- College of Pharmacy, Shanxi Medical University, 56 Xinjian Nan Lu, Taiyuan 030001, China.
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16
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Li R, He X, Javed R, Cai J, Cao H, Liu X, Chen Q, Ye D, Zhao H. Switching on-off-on colorimetric sensor based on Fe-N/S-C single-atom nanozyme for ultrasensitive and multimodal detection of Hg 2. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155428. [PMID: 35469883 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) as a new class of efficient nanozymes have attracted extensive research interest due to their high catalytic activity and specificity. However, it is challenging to develop a novel nanoenzyme with high activity, good stability and reproducibility. In this paper, the nitrogen and sulfur coordinated Fe-N/S-C SAzymes were synthesized using peanuts shells as carbon, nitrogen and sulfur source. It shows high oxidase-like activities due to the doping of S induced geometric and electronic effects, which is further confirmed by density functional theory calculations. The prepared Fe-N/S-C SAzymes with the remarkable oxidase-mimicking activity could oxidize TMB to blue oxTMB, but the GSH can inhibit the oxidation of TMB resulting in blue fading. However, when Hg2+ is added into above system, Hg2+-SH complexes are generated attributed to a high affinity between GSH and Hg2+, ultimately leading to blue recovery. Based on this phenomenon, we constructed a novel "on-off-on" colorimetric sensor for the simultaneous detection of GSH (off) and Hg2+ (on), and the signal is acquired by various modes such as naked eye, UV-Vis spectrometer and smartphone. The colorimetric detection mode based on a smartphone showed a good linear response from 10 to 80 μM for GSH with a detection limit of 3.92 μM, and for Hg2+ with a linear range of 1 nM-10 μM and LOD of 0.17 nM, which is more suitable for routine laboratory applications. More importantly, the proposed colorimetric sensor has been successfully applied to the detection of GSH and Hg2+ in real samples with good analytical performance. This work not only provides a simple and cost-effective method to detect GSH and Hg2+ but also makes a certain contribution to environmental protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Xiaoting He
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Rida Javed
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Jian Cai
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Hongmei Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Functional Food of Hainan Province, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China.
| | - Xing Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Tropical and Vegetables Quality and Safety for State Market Regulation, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Daixin Ye
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
| | - Hongbin Zhao
- Institute for Sustainable Energy, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China.
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17
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Shu W, Yu J, Wang H, Yu A, Xiao L, Li Z, Zhang H, Zhang Y, Wu Y. Rational design of a reversible fluorescent probe for sensing GSH in mitochondria. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1220:340081. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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18
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Saini AK, Sahoo SK. Fluorescent pH sensing and MnO2 nanosphere directed turn-on sensing of glutathione using pyridoxal 5′-phosphate modified polydopamine nanoparticles. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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19
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Quantitative Detection of Amino Acids and Carnitine in Human Blood and Quality Control of Peptide Drugs. J CHEM-NY 2022. [DOI: 10.1155/2022/1652592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to deal with the biochemical metabolic disorder and the lack of end metabolites caused by hereditary metabolic diseases, a quantitative detection method of amino acids and carnitine in human blood and the quality control method of polypeptide drugs were proposed. First, a method for the detection of 10 amino acids and 32 acylcarnitine metabolites in human blood was established and analyzed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. Through the experimental research on typical peptide drugs, combined with the classical synthesis process and the PLS-DA model of human body in different regions, the relevant detection methods for the quality control of peptide drugs were established, which provided a reference for the formulation of peptide drug quality standards. The experimental results show that the quantitative detection method proposed in this paper can effectively detect the content of most amino acids and acylcarnitine. The classical detection method achieved a loss of 16.74% smaller mass-to-charge ratio, and based on this, the quantitative standard for polypeptide drug delivery was determined, which verifies the correctness and superiority of the detection method in this paper.
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20
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Li X, Liu C, Gao N, Sheng W, Zhu B. A melatonin-based targetable fluorescent probe for screening of tumor cells and real-time imaging of glutathione fluctuations in tumor cells. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.11.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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21
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Wang L, Jin F, Jiang X, Chen J, Wang MC, Wang J. Fluorescent Probes and Mass Spectrometry-Based Methods to Quantify Thiols in Biological Systems. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 36:354-365. [PMID: 34521263 PMCID: PMC8865626 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Significance: Fluorescent probes and mass spectrometry are the two most popular and complementary methods to quantify thiols in biological systems. In this review, we focus on the widely used and commercially available methods to detect and quantify thiols in living cells and the general approaches applied in mass spectrometry-based thiol quantification. We hope that this review can serve as a general guide for redox biologists who are interested in thiol species. Sulfur, one of the most important elements in living systems, contributes to every aspect of physiology and pathology. Thiols, including cysteine, homocysteine, glutathione, hydrogen sulfide, and hydropersulfides, are the main players in the redox biology system. Therefore, quantifying these thiol species in biological systems is one of the important steps to understand their roles in biology. Recent Advances: Fluorescent probes and mass spectrometry-based methods have been developed to detect and/or quantify thiols in biological systems. Mass spectrometry-based methods have been the gold standard for metabolite quantification in cells. Fluorescent probes can directly detect or quantify thiol species in living cells with spatial and temporal resolutions. Additionally, organelle-specific fluorescent probes have been widely developed. These two methods are complementary to each other. Critical Issues: Reliable quantification of thiol species using fluorescent probes remains challenging. Future Directions: When developing fluorescent probes, we suggest using both the fluorescent probes and mass spectrometry-based thiol quantification methods to cross-check the results. In addition, we call on chemical biologists to move beyond qualitative probes and focus on probes that can provide quantitative results in live cells. These quantitative measurements based on fluorescent probes should be validated with mass spectrometry-based methods. More importantly, chemical biologists should make their probes accessible to the biology end users. Regarding mass spectrometry-based methods, quantification of the derivatized thiol specifies should fit into the general metabolomics workflow. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 36, 354-365.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfei Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Feng Jin
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Xiqian Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jianwei Chen
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Meng C Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, and Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
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22
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Pan Y, Lei S, Zhang J, Qu J, Huang P, Lin J. Activatable NIR-II Fluorescence Probe for Highly Sensitive and Selective Visualization of Glutathione In Vivo. Anal Chem 2021; 93:17103-17109. [PMID: 34905355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Visualization of glutathione (GSH) enables us to understand GSH-related pathophysiological processes in living subjects. Currently, in vivo visualization methods of GSH are based on visible or first near-infrared (NIR-I) window fluorescence (FL) probes, which possess limitations due to their low tissue penetration depth and strong tissue autofluorescence. Herein, we developed a GSH-activatable second near-infrared (NIR-II) window FL probe (denoted as LET-7) for highly sensitive and selective visualization of GSH in vivo. LET-7, composed of an anionic polymethylcyanide skeleton linked with a FL quenching group of 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)benzenethiol, can be specifically activated by GSH, thus triggering a significant NIR-II FL emission enhancement with excellent photostability, which enables us to efficiently distinguish GSH from closely related low-molecular-weight biothiols. The limit of detection of LET-7 for GSH was determined to be as low as 85 nM. Most intriguingly, the in vivo studies demonstrated that LET-7 showed high sensitivity and good selectivity toward GSH. Therefore, our study provides a solution to design activatable NIR-II FL probes for in vivo imaging of GSH and other disease-related biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuantao Pan
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Shan Lei
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China.,Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Junle Qu
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, International Cancer Center, Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET), School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Health Science Center, Shenzhen 518060, China
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23
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Liu Z, Dai X, Xu Q, Sun X, Liu Y. Fluorescence Sensing of Glutathione Thiyl Radical by
BODIPY‐Modified β‐Cyclodextrin. CHINESE J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202100662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhixue Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xianyin Dai
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Qiaoyan Xu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Xiaohan Sun
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
| | - Yu Liu
- College of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Elemento‐Organic Chemistry, Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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24
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Nie N, Liu Y, Li B, Hua Z, Liu J, Liu J, Wang W. Amplified oxidative stress therapy by a degradable copper phosphate nanozyme coated by the in situ polymerization of PEGDA. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:8094-8108. [PMID: 34494057 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00436k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The elimination of reactive oxygen species (ROS) caused by glutathione (GSH) is a fundamental concern in the oxidative stress therapy (OST) of tumors. This is the first report of copper phosphate nanospheres coated by poly (ethylene glycol) diacrylate (Cu3(PO4)2@PEGDA) which act as nanozymes to amplify the anti-tumor effects of OST. Cu3(PO4)2@PEGDA not only catalyzes the generation of ˙OH from H2O2 but also consumes GSH, which is counterproductive to the role of ˙OH. Moreover, the photothermal properties of Cu3(PO4)2@PEGDA further enhances the outcome of the OST when exposed to an 808 nm laser. Another novelty lies in that a new PEGylation strategy of peroxidase-like nanozymes is proposed, in which the Cu3(PO4)2 cores work as internal heaters and radical generators, which are necessary to initiate the radical polymerization of PEGDA. An elaborate core-shell nanostructure is obtained since the polymerization prefers to take place in the vicinity of the cores, overcoming the drawbacks of traditional PEGylation methods which include invalid polymerization far away from the cores and easy core-shell disassembly during applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Nie
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Yifan Liu
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Zhentao Hua
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, 730000, P. R. China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Jinjian Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, 300192, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266042, P. R. China
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25
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Ren H, Huo F, Shen T, Liu X, Yin C. Molecular-Dimension-Dependent ESIPT Break for Specific Reversible Response to GSH and Its Real-Time Bioimaging. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12801-12807. [PMID: 34498863 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) plays many important roles in maintaining intracellular redox homeostasis, and determining its real-time levels in the biological system is essential for the diagnosis, treatment, and pathological research of related diseases. Fluorescence imaging has been regarded as a powerful tool for tracking biomarkers in vivo, for which specificity, reversibility, and fast response are the main issues to ensure the real-time effective detection of analytes. The determination of GSH is often interfered with by other active sulfur species. However, in addition to the common features of nucleophilic addition, GSH is unique in its large molecular scale. 2-(2-Hydroxyphenyl) benzothiazole (HBT) was often formed in the ESIPT process. In this study, HBT was installed with α,β-unsaturated ketone conjugated coumarin derivates or nitrobenzene, which were used to adjust the reactivity of α,β-unsaturated ketone. Experimental and theoretical calculations found ESIPT to be favorable in HBT-COU but not HBT-COU-NEt2 or HBT-BEN-NO2 due to the higher electronic energies in the keto form. Thus, for HBT-COU, in the presence of GSH, the hydrogen-bonding interaction between C═N of the HBT unit and carboxyl of GSH would inhibit the process, simultaneously promoting the Michel addition reaction between α,β-unsaturated ketone and GSH. As a consequence, probe HBT-COU could exhibit a rapid reversible ratiometric response to GSH. Small structures of Hcy and Cys are passivated for such reactions. Cell imaging demonstrated the specific response of the probe to GSH, and the probe was successfully used to monitor fluctuations in GSH concentration during cells apoptosis in real-time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixian Ren
- Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou 034000, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tianruo Shen
- Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372 Singapore
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Singapore University of Technology and Design, 8 Somapah Road, 487372 Singapore
| | - Caixia Yin
- Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou 034000, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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26
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Li W, Li M, Qi J. Nano-Drug Design Based on the Physiological Properties of Glutathione. Molecules 2021; 26:5567. [PMID: 34577040 PMCID: PMC8469141 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) is involved in and regulates important physiological functions of the body as an essential antioxidant. GSH plays an important role in anti-oxidation, detoxification, anti-aging, enhancing immunity and anti-tumor activity. Herein, based on the physiological properties of GSH in different diseases, mainly including the strong reducibility of GSH, high GSH content in tumor cells, and the NADPH depletion when GSSH is reduced to GSH, we extensively report the design principles, effect, and potential problems of various nano-drugs in diabetes, cancer, nervous system diseases, fluorescent probes, imaging, and food. These studies make full use of the physiological and pathological value of GSH and develop excellent design methods of nano-drugs related to GSH, which shows important scientific significance and prominent application value for the related diseases research that GSH participates in or responds to.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minghui Li
- Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, 39 Xinyang Rd., Daqing 163319, China;
| | - Jing Qi
- Daqing Campus, Harbin Medical University, 39 Xinyang Rd., Daqing 163319, China;
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27
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Zhang Y, Wen L, Zhang W, Yue Y, Chao J, Huo F, Yin C. Sulphide activity-dependent multicolor emission dye and its applications in in vivo imaging. Analyst 2021; 146:5517-5527. [PMID: 34515714 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01345a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Reactive sulfur species (RSS) play pivotal roles in various pathological and physiological processes. There exists an intricate relevance in generation and metabolism among these substances. Although they are nucleophilic, there are still some differences in their reactivity. There are many methods to detect them by using reactive fluorescent probes, but the systematic study of their reactivity is still lacking. In our study, we designed a multiple reaction site fluorescent probe based on benzene conjugated benzopyrylium and NBD. The study revealed that besides both biothiols and hydrogen sulfide, sulfur dioxide (SO2) can cleave the ether bond. There are two reaction forms for GSH with low reactivity: cutting the ether bond and adding the conjugated double bond of benzopyrylium. Nevertheless, Cys/Hcy with higher activity can further rearrange with NBD after cutting the ether bond. In addition, SO2 can not only cleave the ether bond, but also continue to add the conjugated double bond of benzopyrylium. The above processes lead to multicolor emission of the probe, thus realizing the characteristic analysis of different sulfides. Thus the probe can be used for the detection of sulfide in mitochondria, and further for the imaging of sulfide in cells and zebrafish. This effective analysis method will provide a broad application prospect for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongbin Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules, Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Le Wen
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules, Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yongkang Yue
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jianbin Chao
- Scientific Instrument Center, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Functional Molecules, Research Institute of Applied Chemistry, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Caixia Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China. .,Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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28
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Tu X, He L, Huang H, Ye H, Sun L, Yi L. Thiolysis of CBD arylethers for development of highly GSH-selective fluorescent probes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:8802-8805. [PMID: 34382627 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc03893a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Thiolysis of 7-cyanobenzoxadiazole (CBD) arylether was investigated for development of GSH-selective fluorescent probes for the first time. The results demonstrate that CBD-based probes have tunable reactivities and appropriate dissociation constants for GSH, and are highly GSH-selective and suitable for bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Lab of Bioprocess, Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China.
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29
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Geiselhart CM, Mutlu H, Barner‐Kowollik C. Vorbeugen oder Heilen – die beispiellose Notwendigkeit von selbstberichtenden Materialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Geiselhart
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen 3 Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Macromolecular Architectures Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen 3 Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Macromolecular Architectures Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Macromolecular Architectures Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
- School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
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30
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Geiselhart CM, Mutlu H, Barner‐Kowollik C. Prevent or Cure-The Unprecedented Need for Self-Reporting Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17290-17313. [PMID: 33217121 PMCID: PMC8359351 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-reporting smart materials are highly relevant in modern soft matter materials science, as they allow for the autonomous detection of changes in synthetic polymers, materials, and composites. Despite critical advantages of such materials, for example, prolonged lifetime or prevention of disastrous material failures, they have gained much less attention than self-healing materials. However, as diagnosis is critical for any therapy, it is of the utmost importance to report the existence of system changes and their exact location to prevent them from spreading. Thus, we herein critically review the chemistry of self-reporting soft matter materials systems and highlight how current challenges and limitations may be overcome by successfully transferring self-reporting research concepts from the laboratory to the real world. Especially in the space of diagnostic self-reporting systems, the recent SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic indicates an urgent need for such concepts that may be able to detect the presence of viruses or bacteria on and within materials in a self-reporting fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Geiselhart
- Soft Matter Synthesis LaboratoryInstitute for Biological Interfaces 3Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein LeopoldshafenGermany
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis LaboratoryInstitute for Biological Interfaces 3Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein LeopoldshafenGermany
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD4000Australia
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD4000Australia
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31
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Wang J, Liu YX, Li XL, Chen HY, Xu JJ. Core-Shell Plasmonic Nanomaterials toward: Dual-Mode Imaging Analysis of Glutathione and Enhanced Chemodynamic Therapy. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10317-10325. [PMID: 34270215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
A simple process, rich information, and intelligent response are the goals pursued by cancer diagnosis and treatment. Herein, we developed a core-shell plasmonic nanomaterial (Au@MnO2-DNA), which consisted of a AuNP core with an outer shell MnO2 nanosheet decorated with fluorophore modified DNA, to achieve the aforementioned aims. On the basis of the unique optical properties of plasmonic nanoparticles and the oxidability of the shell MnO2, scattering signal and fluorescence (FL) signal changes were both related to the expression level of glutathione (GSH), for which a dual-mode imaging analysis was successfully achieved on single optical microscope equipment with one-key switching. Meanwhile, the product of Mn2+ from the reaction between MnO2 and GSH not only served as a smart chemodynamic agent to initiate Fenton-like reaction for achieving chemodynamic therapy (CDT) of cancer cells but also relieved the side effect of intracellular GSH in cancer therapy. Therefore, the core-shell plasmonic nanomaterials with dual modal switching features and diagnostic properties act as excellent probes for achieving bioanalysis of aberrant levels of intracellular GSH and simultaneously activating the CDT of cancer cells based on the in situ reactions in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiang-Ling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.,College of Life Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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32
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Wang S, Huang Y, Guan X. Fluorescent Probes for Live Cell Thiol Detection. Molecules 2021; 26:3575. [PMID: 34208153 PMCID: PMC8230801 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Thiols play vital and irreplaceable roles in the biological system. Abnormality of thiol levels has been linked with various diseases and biological disorders. Thiols are known to distribute unevenly and change dynamically in the biological system. Methods that can determine thiols' concentration and distribution in live cells are in high demand. In the last two decades, fluorescent probes have emerged as a powerful tool for achieving that goal for the simplicity, high sensitivity, and capability of visualizing the analytes in live cells in a non-invasive way. They also enable the determination of intracellular distribution and dynamitic movement of thiols in the intact native environments. This review focuses on some of the major strategies/mechanisms being used for detecting GSH, Cys/Hcy, and other thiols in live cells via fluorescent probes, and how they are applied at the cellular and subcellular levels. The sensing mechanisms (for GSH and Cys/Hcy) and bio-applications of the probes are illustrated followed by a summary of probes for selectively detecting cellular and subcellular thiols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Xiangming Guan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Allied Health Professions, South Dakota State University, Box 2202C, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; (S.W.); (Y.H.)
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33
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Xiong Y, Shi C, Li L, Tang Y, Zhang X, Liao S, Zhang B, Sun C, Ren C. A review on recent advances in amino acid and peptide-based fluorescence and its potential applications. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02230j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence is widely used to detect functional groups and ions, and peptides are used in various fields due to their excellent biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingshuo Xiong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Changxin Shi
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Lingyi Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yuanhan Tang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Sisi Liao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Changmei Sun
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Chunguang Ren
- Yantai Institute of Materia Medica, Yantai 264000, China
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34
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Ren H, Huo F, Yin C. Dual modulation sites for a reversible fluorescent probe for GSH over Cys/Hcy. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01490k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An abnormal concentration of glutathione (GSH) is a health-associated risk factor, and it is an important signal for diseases such as Parkinson's disease, liver injury and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixian Ren
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan 030006
- China
| | - Caixia Yin
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education
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35
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Wen Y, Long Z, Huo F, Yin C. Photoexcited molecular probes for selective and revertible imaging of cellular reactive oxygen species. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo01260b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is key to maintaining the normal physiological status of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wen
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiqing Long
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Fangjun Huo
- Research Institute of Applied Chemistry
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Caixia Yin
- Institute of Molecular Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
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