1
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Liang C, Aluru NR. Tuning Interfacial Water Friction through Moiré Twist. ACS NANO 2024; 18:16141-16150. [PMID: 38856748 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c00733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Foundations of nanofluidics can enable advances in diverse applications such as water desalination, energy harvesting, and biological analysis. Dynamically manipulating nanofluidic properties, such as diffusion and friction, is an area of great scientific interest. Twisted bilayer graphene, particularly at the magic angle, has garnered attention for its unconventional superconductivity and correlated insulator behavior due to strong electronic correlations. The impact of the electronic properties of moiré patterns in twisted bilayer graphene on structural and dynamic properties of water remains largely unexplored. Computational challenges, stemming from simulating large unit cells using density functional theory, have hindered progress. This study addresses this gap by investigating water behavior on twisted bilayer graphene, employing a deep neural network potential (DP) model trained with a data set from ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. It is found that as the twisted angle approaches the magic angle, interfacial water friction increases, leading to a reduced water diffusion. Notably, the analysis shows that at smaller twisted angles with larger moiré patterns, water is more likely to reside in AA stacking regions than AB (or BA) stacking regions, a distinction that diminishes with smaller moiré patterns. This study illustrates the potential for leveraging the distinctive properties of moiré systems to effectively control and optimize interfacial fluid behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxing Liang
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Narayana R Aluru
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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2
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Tanaka Y. Recent advancements in physical and chemical MEMS sensors. Analyst 2024; 149:3498-3512. [PMID: 38847365 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00182f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Microelectromechanical systems (MEMSs) are microdevices fabricated using semiconductor-fabrication technology, especially those with moving components. This technology has become more widely used in daily life, e.g., in mobile phones, printers, and cars. In this review, MEMS sensors are largely classified as physical or chemical ones. Physical sensors include pressure, inertial force, acoustic, flow, temperature, optical, and magnetic ones. Chemical sensors include gas, odorant, ion, and biological ones. The fundamental principle of sensing is reading out either the movement or electrical-property change of microstructures caused by external stimuli. Here, sensing mechanisms of the sensors are explained using diagrams with equivalent circuits to show the similarity. Examples of multiple parameter measurement with single sensors (e.g. quantum sensors or resonant pressure and temperature sensors) and parallel sensor integration are also introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yo Tanaka
- Samsung Device Solutions R&D Japan (DSRJ), Samsung Japan Corporation, 2-7 Sugasawa-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0027 Japan.
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3
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Zhang Z, Sabbagh B, Chen Y, Yossifon G. Geometrically Scalable Iontronic Memristors: Employing Bipolar Polyelectrolyte Gels for Neuromorphic Systems. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15025-15034. [PMID: 38804641 PMCID: PMC11171754 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c01730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Iontronics that are capable of mimicking the functionality of biological systems within an artificial fluidic network have long been pursued for biomedical applications and ion-based intelligence systems. Here, we report on facile and robust realization of iontronic bipolar memristors featuring a three-layer polyelectrolyte gel structure. Significant memristive hysteresis of ion currents was successfully accomplished, and the memory time proved geometrically scalable from 200 to 4000 s. These characteristics were enabled by the ion concentration polarization-induced rectification ratio within the polyelectrolyte gels. The memristors exhibited memory dynamics akin to those observed in unipolar devices, while the bipolar structure notably enabled prolonged memory time and enhanced the ion conductance switching ratio with mesoscale (10-1000 μm) geometry precision. These properties endow the devices with the capability of effective neuromorphic processing with pulse-based input voltage signals. Owing to their simple fabrication process and superior memristive performance, the presented iontronic bipolar memristors are versatile and can be easily integrated into small-scale iontronic circuits, thereby facilitating advanced neuromorphic computing functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhang
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical
Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Barak Sabbagh
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Faculty
of Mechanical Engineering, Technion−Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Yunfei Chen
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory for Design and Manufacture of Micro-Nano Biomedical
Instruments, School of Mechanical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Gilad Yossifon
- School
of Mechanical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel
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4
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Cui Y, Ying C, Huang XY, Ye Q, Tian J, Liu Z. Electrical Transport and Dynamics of Confined DNA through Highly Conductive 2D Graphene Nanochannels. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:4485-4492. [PMID: 38578031 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Confining DNA in nanochannels is an important approach to studying its structure and transportation dynamics. Graphene nanochannels are particularly attractive for studying DNA confinement due to their atomic flatness, precise height control, and excellent mechanical strength. Here, using femtosecond laser etching and wetting transfer, we fabricate graphene nanochannels down to less than 4.3 nm in height, with the length-to-height ratios up to 103. These channels exhibit high stability, low noise, and self-cleaning ability during the long-term ionic current recording. We report a clear linear relationship between DNA length and the residence time in the channel and further utilize this relationship to differentiate DNA fragments based on their lengths, ranging widely from 200 bps to 48.5 kbps. The graphene nanochannel presented here provides a potential platform for label-free analyses and reveals fundamental insights into the conformational dynamics of DNA and proteins in confined space.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjun Cui
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Cuifeng Ying
- Advanced Optics & Photonics Laboratory, Department of Engineering, School of Science & Technology, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG11 8NS, U.K
| | - Xiao-Yu Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qing Ye
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jianguo Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhibo Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Ministry of Education, School of Physics and Teda Applied Physics Institute, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- The Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030006, China
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5
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Tonti L, García Daza FA, Romero-Enrique JM, Patti A. Structural and dynamical equilibrium properties of hard board-like particles in parallel confinement. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:124903. [PMID: 38533886 DOI: 10.1063/5.0193126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
We performed Monte Carlo and dynamic Monte Carlo simulations to model the diffusion of monodispersed suspensions composed of impenetrable cuboidal particles, specifically hard board-like particles (HBPs), in the presence of parallel hard walls. The impact of the walls was investigated by adjusting the size of the simulation box while maintaining constant packing fractions, fixed at η = 0.150, for systems consisting of HBPs with prolate, dual-shaped, and oblate geometries. We observed that increasing the distance between the walls led to the recovery of an isotropic bulk phase, while local particle organization near the walls remained stable. Due to their shape, oblate HBPs exhibit more efficient anchoring at wall surfaces compared to prolate shapes. The formation of nematic-like particle assemblies near the walls, confirmed by theoretical calculations based on density functional theory, significantly influenced local particle dynamics. This effect was particularly pronounced to the extent that a modest portion of cuboids near the walls tended to diffuse exclusively in planes parallel to the confinement, even more efficiently than observed in the bulk regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Tonti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Fabián A García Daza
- Department of Physical, Chemical and Natural Systems, Pablo de Olavide University, 41013 Sevilla, Spain
| | - José Manuel Romero-Enrique
- Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Área de Física Teórica, Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012 Sevilla, Spain
- Carlos I Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Alessandro Patti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Carlos I Institute of Theoretical and Computational Physics, Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Granada, Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
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6
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Ma Q, Chu W, Nong X, Zhao J, Liu H, Du Q, Sun J, Shen J, Lu SM, Lin M, Huang Y, Xia F. Local Electric Potential-Driven Nanofluidic Ion Transport for Ultrasensitive Biochemical Sensing. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6570-6578. [PMID: 38349220 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c12547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Nanofluidic biosensors have been widely used for detection of analytes based on the change of system resistance before and after target-probe interactions. However, their sensitivity is limited when system resistance barely changes toward low-concentration targets. Here, we proposed a strategy to address this issue by means of target-induced change of local membrane potential under relatively unchanged system resistance. The local membrane potential originated from the directional diffusion of photogenerated carriers across nanofluidic biosensors and gated photoinduced ionic current signal before and after target-probe interactions. The sensitivity of such biosensors for the detection of biomolecules such as circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) and lysozyme exceeds that of applying a traditional strategy by more than 3 orders of magnitude under unchanged system resistance. Such biosensors can specifically detect the small molecule biomarker in the blood sample between prostate cancer patients and healthy humans. The key advantages of such nanofluidic biosensors are therefore complementary to traditional nanofluidic biosensors, with potential applications in a point-of-care analytical tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Wenjing Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xianliang Nong
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Qiujiao Du
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Jielin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianlei Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Si-Min Lu
- Molecular Sensing and Imaging Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Meihua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, P. R. China
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7
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Robbins A, Hildebolt H, Neuhoff M, Beshay P, Winter JO, Castro CE, Bundschuh R, Poirier MG. Cooperative control of a DNA origami force sensor. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4132. [PMID: 38374280 PMCID: PMC10876929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53841-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Biomolecular systems are dependent on a complex interplay of forces. Modern force spectroscopy techniques provide means of interrogating these forces, but they are not optimized for studies in constrained environments as they require attachment to micron-scale probes such as beads or cantilevers. Nanomechanical devices are a promising alternative, but this requires versatile designs that can be tuned to respond to a wide range of forces. We investigate the properties of a nanoscale force sensitive DNA origami device which is highly customizable in geometry, functionalization, and mechanical properties. The device, referred to as the NanoDyn, has a binary (open or closed) response to an applied force by undergoing a reversible structural transition. The transition force is tuned with minor alterations of 1 to 3 DNA oligonucleotides and spans tens of picoNewtons (pN). The DNA oligonucleotide design parameters also strongly influence the efficiency of resetting the initial state, with higher stability devices (≳10 pN) resetting more reliably during repeated force-loading cycles. Finally, we show the opening force is tunable in real time by adding a single DNA oligonucleotide. These results establish the potential of the NanoDyn as a versatile force sensor and provide fundamental insights into how design parameters modulate mechanical and dynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Robbins
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Hazen Hildebolt
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Michael Neuhoff
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Peter Beshay
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jessica O Winter
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Carlos E Castro
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Ralf Bundschuh
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Michael G Poirier
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA.
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8
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Liu J, Zhang B, Wang L, Peng J, Wu K, Liu T. The development of droplet-based microfluidic virus detection technology for human infectious diseases. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:971-978. [PMID: 38299435 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01795h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Virus-based human infectious diseases have a significant negative impact on people's health and social development. The need for quick, accurate, and early viral infection detection in preventive medicine is expanding. A microfluidic control is particularly suitable for point-of-care-testing virus diagnosis due to its advantages of low sample consumption, quick detection speed, simple operation, multi-functional integration, small size, and easy portability. It is also thought to have significant development potential and a wide range of application prospects in the research on virus detection technology. In an effort to aid researchers in creating novel microfluidic tools for virus detection, this review highlights recent developments of droplet-based microfluidics in virus detection research and also discusses the challenges and opportunities for rapid virus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Bingyang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Jingjie Peng
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Kun Wu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Tiancai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Antibody Engineering of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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9
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Wells T, Schmidt H, Hawkins A. Nano/microfluidic device for high-throughput passive trapping of nanoparticles. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:064101. [PMID: 37928800 PMCID: PMC10622172 DOI: 10.1063/5.0176323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
We present a design and a fabrication method for devices designed for rapid collection of nanoparticles in a fluid. The design uses nanofluidic channels as a passive size-based barrier trap to isolate particles near a central point in the channel, which is also covered by a thin membrane. Particles that enter the collection region are trapped with 100% efficiency within a 6-12 μ m radius from a central point. Flow rates for particle-free fluid range from 1.88 to 3.69 nl/s for the pressure and geometries tested. Particle trapping tests show that high trapped particle counts significantly impact flow rates. For suspensions as dilute as 30-300 aM (20-200 particles/μ l), 8-80 particles are captured within 500 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanner Wells
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
| | - Holger Schmidt
- School of Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA
| | - Aaron Hawkins
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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10
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Li C, Liu P, Zhi Y, Zhai Y, Liu Z, Gao L, Jiang L. Ultra-mechanosensitive Chloride Ion Transport through Bioinspired High-Density Elastomeric Nanochannels. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:19098-19106. [PMID: 37603884 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c07675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive ion channels play crucial roles in physiological activities, where small mechanical stimuli induce the membrane tension, trigger the ion channels' deformation, and are further transformed into significant electrochemical signals. Artificial ion channels with stiff moduli have been developed to mimic mechanosensory behaviors, exhibiting an electrochemical response by the high-pressure-induced flow. However, fabricating flexible mechanosensitive channels capable of regulating specific ion transporting upon dramatic deformation has remained a challenge. Here, we demonstrate bioinspired high-density elastomeric channels self-assembled by polyisoprene-b-poly4-vinylpyridine, which exhibit ultra-mechanosensitive chloride ion transport resulting from nanochannel deformation. The PI-formed continuous elastic matrix can transmit external forces into internal tensions, while P4VP forms transmembrane chloride channels that undergo dramatic deformation and respond to mechanical stimuli. The integrated and flexible chloride channels present a dramatic and stable electrochemical signal toward a low pressure of 0.2 mbar. This research first demonstrates the artificial mechanosensory chloride channels, which could provide a promising avenue for designing flexible and responsive channel systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Pengxiang Liu
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yafang Zhi
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zhai
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Liu
- Oxford Instrument Technology China, Beijing 100034, P. R China
| | - Longcheng Gao
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Science, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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11
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Robbins A, Hildebolt H, Neuhoff M, Beshay P, Winter JO, Castro CE, Bundschuh R, Poirier MG. Cooperative control of a DNA origami force sensor. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.26.546608. [PMID: 37425797 PMCID: PMC10327127 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.26.546608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Most biomolecular systems are dependent on a complex interplay of forces. Modern force spectroscopy techniques provide means of interrogating these forces. These techniques, however, are not optimized for studies in constrained or crowded environments as they typically require micron-scale beads in the case of magnetic or optical tweezers, or direct attachment to a cantilever in the case of atomic force microscopy. We implement a nanoscale force-sensing device using a DNA origami which is highly customizable in geometry, functionalization, and mechanical properties. The device, referred to as the NanoDyn, functions as a binary (open or closed) force sensor that undergoes a structural transition under an external force. The transition force is tuned with minor alterations of 1 to 3 DNA oligonucleotides and spans tens of picoNewtons (pN). This actuation of the NanoDyn is reversible and the design parameters strongly influence the efficiency of resetting the initial state, with higher stability devices (≳10 pN) resetting more reliably during repeated force-loading cycles. Finally, we show that the opening force can be adjusted in real time by the addition of a single DNA oligonucleotide. These results establish the NanoDyn as a versatile force sensor and provide fundamental insights into how design parameters modulate mechanical and dynamic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Robbins
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Hazen Hildebolt
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael Neuhoff
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Peter Beshay
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jessica O. Winter
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- William G. Lowrie Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Carlos E. Castro
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Ralf Bundschuh
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Michael G. Poirier
- Biophysics Graduate Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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12
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Siddiqui SA, Ullah Farooqi MQ, Bhowmik S, Zahra Z, Mahmud MC, Assadpour E, Gan RY, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Application of micro/nano-fluidics for encapsulation of food bioactive compounds - principles, applications, and challenges. Trends Food Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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13
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Stability of enzyme immobilized on the nanofluidic channel surface. ANAL SCI 2023; 39:251-255. [PMID: 36670328 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-023-00272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The lifetime of an enzyme is critical to prevent system failure and optimize maintenance schedules in biological and analytical chemistry. The lifetime metrics of an enzyme can be evaluated from enzyme activity in terms of catalytic cycles per enzyme at various storage times. Trypsin, which is a gold-standard enzyme in proteomics, has been known to decrease activity due to self-digestion. To improve the activity of trypsin, enzyme reactors have developed by immobilizing in micro and nanospace. However, an evaluation method for the catalytic cycle has not been established due to major issues such as nonuniform space, unstable liquid transport, and self-digestion during immobilization in conventional work. To solve these issues, we have previously developed an ultra-fast enzyme reactor with a well-defined nanofabrication method, stable liquid transport, and partial enzyme modification. Here, we aimed to investigate catalytic cycles in a nanochannel. To extend enzyme lifetime efficiently, we have evaluated the optimal immobilization process and catalytic cycles of trypsin. As a result, immobilized enzyme densities by the trypsinogen immobilization process were increased at all concentrations compared to the trypsin immobilization process. To evaluate the lifetime of trypsin, the immobilized enzyme densities and activities were almost the same before and after 72 h of enzyme storage, and the calculated catalytic cycles were 1740. These results indicated that self-digestion of the immobilized enzyme was highly suppressed. Consequently, the reaction efficiency has been evaluated depending on the catalytic cycles from the substrate for the first time, while preventing self-digestion by trypsin.
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Tian T, Qiao S, Tannous BA. Nanotechnology-Inspired Extracellular Vesicles Theranostics for Diagnosis and Therapy of Central Nervous System Diseases. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:182-199. [PMID: 35929960 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c07981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Shuttling various bioactive substances across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) bidirectionally, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been opening new frontiers for the diagnosis and therapy of central nervous system (CNS) diseases. However, clinical translation of EV-based theranostics remains challenging due to difficulties in effective EV engineering for superior imaging/therapeutic potential, ultrasensitive EV detection for small sample volume, as well as scale-up and standardized EV production. In the past decade, continuous advancement in nanotechnology provided extensive concepts and strategies for EV engineering and analysis, which inspired the application of EVs for CNS diseases. Here we will review the existing types of EV-nanomaterial hybrid systems with improved diagnostic and therapeutic efficacy for CNS diseases. A summary of recent progress in the incorporation of nanomaterials and nanostructures in EV production, separation, and analysis will also be provided. Moreover, the convergence between nanotechnology and microfluidics for integrated EV engineering and liquid biopsy of CNS diseases will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Unit, Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
| | - Shuya Qiao
- Department of Neurobiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, China
| | - Bakhos A Tannous
- Experimental Therapeutics and Molecular Imaging Unit, Department of Neurology, Neuro-Oncology Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
- Neuroscience Program, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02129, United States
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15
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Chantipmanee N, Xu Y. Toward nanofluidics‐based mass spectrometry for exploring the unknown complex and heterogenous subcellular worlds. VIEW 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/viw.20220036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Nattapong Chantipmanee
- Department of Chemical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan
| | - Yan Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) PRESTO Kawaguchi Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) CREST Kawaguchi Japan
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16
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Chantipmanee N, Xu Y. Nanofluidics for chemical and biological dynamics in solution at the single molecular level. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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17
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Gao D, Ma Z, Jiang Y. Recent advances in microfluidic devices for foodborne pathogens detection. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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18
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Rathnayaka C, Amarasekara CA, Akabirov K, Murphy MC, Park S, Witek MA, Soper SA. Nanofluidic devices for the separation of biomolecules. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1683:463539. [PMID: 36223665 PMCID: PMC9795076 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Over the last 30-years, microchip electrophoresis and its applications have expanded due to the benefits it offers. Nanochip electrophoresis, on the other hand, is viewed as an evolving area of electrophoresis because it offers some unique advantages not associated with microchip electrophoresis. These advantages arise from unique phenomena that occur in the nanometer domain not readily apparent in the microscale domain due to scale-dependent effects. Scale-dependent effects associated with nanochip electrophoresis includes high surface area-to-volume ratio, electrical double layer overlap generating parabolic flow even for electrokinetic pumping, concentration polarization, transverse electromigration, surface charge dominating flow, and surface roughness. Nanochip electrophoresis devices consist of channels with dimensions ranging from 1 to 1000 nm including classical (1-100 nm) and extended (100 nm - 1000 nm) nanoscale devices. In this review, we highlight scale-dependent phenomena associated with nanochip electrophoresis and the utilization of those phenomena to provide unique biomolecular separations that are not possible with microchip electrophoresis. We will also review the range of materials used for nanoscale separations and the implication of material choice for the top-down fabrication and operation of these devices. We will also provide application examples of nanochip electrophoresis for biomolecule separations with an emphasis on nano-electrophoresis (nEP) and nano-electrochromatography (nEC).
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Affiliation(s)
- Chathurika Rathnayaka
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA,Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, USA
| | - Charuni A. Amarasekara
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA,Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, USA
| | - Khurshed Akabirov
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA,Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, USA
| | - Michael C. Murphy
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, USA,Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70810, USA
| | - Sunggook Park
- Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, USA,Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70810, USA
| | - Malgorzata A. Witek
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA,Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, USA
| | - Steven A. Soper
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA,Center of BioModular Multiscale Systems for Precision Medicine, USA,Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA,Bioengineering Program, The University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA,KU Cancer Center and Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA, Corresponding author at: Integrated Science Building, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, KS 66044, USA. (S.A. Soper)
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19
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Khaskia M, Shpasser D, Cohen R, Yehezkeli O, Manor O, Gazit OM. First-Principle Colloidal Gate for Controlling Liquid and Molecule Flow Using 2D Claylike Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:32657-32664. [PMID: 35786826 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we exploit the natural tendency of two-dimensional (2D) clay nanoparticles to self-assemble and restrict water permeability in soils to fabricate a first of its kind synthetic, pH-activated, reversible, and tunable colloidal flow gate. To realize this, we studied the effect of the pH level of a suspension of claylike layered double hydroxide (LDH) nanoparticles on the LDH coagulation process. We then packed the LDH into a fixed-bed column and examined the effect of pH on mass transport through the column. We found that the 2D platelike LDH particles coagulate in an edge-to-edge configuration, which renders highly nonisotropic aggregates, pivotal for obstructing the transport of liquid and molecules therein. We showed that the coagulation and flow through the column may be regulated by imposing various pH levels as an external stimulus to affect LDH zeta potential. Hence, this work shows that the flow through a column comprising a 2D particle bed can be regulated in a reversible manner by simply alternating the pH of the wash solution, equilibration time, or gate dimensions. Furthermore, we show that, subject to pH treatment, we may open and close the colloidal gate for the transport of large molecules and provide selective transport thereof.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mais Khaskia
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Dina Shpasser
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Roy Cohen
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Omer Yehezkeli
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Ofer Manor
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003 Israel
| | - Oz M Gazit
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003 Israel
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20
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Miller SL, Levinger NE. Urea Disrupts the AOT Reverse Micelle Structure at Low Temperatures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:7413-7421. [PMID: 35671271 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Aside from its prominent role in the excretory system, urea is also a known protein denaturant. Here, we characterize urea as it behaves in confined spaces of AOT (sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate) reverse micelles as a model of tight, confined spaces found at the subcellular level. Dynamic light scattering revealed that low temperatures (275 K) caused the smallest of the reverse micelle sizes, w0 = 10, to destabilize and dramatically increase in apparent hydrodynamic diameter. We attribute this to urea embedded into the surfactant interface as confirmed by 2D 1H-NOESY NMR spectroscopy. This increase in size in turn caused the hydrogen exchange between urea and water within the nanosized reverse micelles to increase as measured by 1D EXSY-NMR. A minimal enlarging effect and no increase in hydrogen exchange were observed when aqueous urea was introduced into w0 = 15 or 20 reverse micelles, suggesting that this effect is unique to particularly small-diameter spaces (∼7 nm).
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21
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Yamamoto K, Morikawa K, Shimizu H, Sano H, Kazoe Y, Kitamori T. Accelerated protein digestion and separation with picoliter volume utilizing nanofluidics. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:1162-1170. [PMID: 35133382 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00923k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Single cell analyses can provide critical biological insight into cellular heterogeneity. In particular, the proteome, which governs cell functions, is much more difficult to analyze because it is principally impossible to amplify proteins compared to nucleic acids. The most promising approach to single cell proteomics is based on the liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) platform. However, pretreatments before MS detection have two critical issues for single cell analysis: analyte loss as a result of adsorption and artifacts due to the duration of analysis. This is a serious problem because single cells have a limited number of protein molecules and a small volume. To solve these issues, we developed an integrated nanofluidic device to manipulate samples on a femtoliter to picoliter (fL-pL) scale to achieve high-throughput analysis via suppressing analyte loss. This device can perform tryptic digestion, chromatographic separation, and non-labeled detection with high consistency. In addition, we introduced an open/close valve by physical deformation of glass on a nanometer scale to independently modify the nanochannel surfaces and control sample aliquots. The injection system equipped with this valve achieved an injection volume of 1.0 ± 0.1 pL. By using this integrated device, we found that the chromatogram of bulk-digestion for 12 hours resembled that of 15 min-digestion in the nanochannel, which indicated that these conditions reached a similar state of digestion. Therefore, an integrated device for ultra-fast protein analysis was developed on a 1 pL scale for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koki Yamamoto
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kyojiro Morikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Hisashi Shimizu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Sano
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
| | - Yutaka Kazoe
- Department of System Design Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Takehiko Kitamori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems, Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, Republic of China
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22
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Flores‐Galicia F, Eden A, Pallandre A, Pennathur S, Haghiri‐Gosnet A. Predicting ion concentration polarization and analyte stacking/focusing at nanofluidic interfaces. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:741-751. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Flores‐Galicia
- Université Paris‐Saclay CNRS Centre de Nanosciences et Nanotechnologies Palaiseau France
| | - Alexander Eden
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA
| | - Antoine Pallandre
- Université Paris‐Saclay CNRS Institut de Chimie Physique Orsay France
| | - Sumita Pennathur
- Department of Mechanical Engineering University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA USA
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23
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Cha H, Fallahi H, Dai Y, Yuan D, An H, Nguyen NT, Zhang J. Multiphysics microfluidics for cell manipulation and separation: a review. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 22:423-444. [PMID: 35048916 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00869b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Multiphysics microfluidics, which combines multiple functional physical processes in a microfluidics platform, is an emerging research area that has attracted increasing interest for diverse biomedical applications. Multiphysics microfluidics is expected to overcome the limitations of individual physical phenomena through combining their advantages. Furthermore, multiphysics microfluidics is superior for cell manipulation due to its high precision, better sensitivity, real-time tunability, and multi-target sorting capabilities. These exciting features motivate us to review this state-of-the-art field and reassess the feasibility of coupling multiple physical processes. To confine the scope of this paper, we mainly focus on five common forces in microfluidics: inertial lift, elastic, dielectrophoresis (DEP), magnetophoresis (MP), and acoustic forces. This review first explains the working mechanisms of single physical phenomena. Next, we classify multiphysics techniques in terms of cascaded connections and physical coupling, and we elaborate on combinations of designs and working mechanisms in systems reported in the literature to date. Finally, we discuss the possibility of combining multiple physical processes and associated design schemes and propose several promising future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haotian Cha
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Hedieh Fallahi
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Yuchen Dai
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Dan Yuan
- Centre for Regional and Rural Futures, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3216, Australia
| | - Hongjie An
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Nam-Trung Nguyen
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
| | - Jun Zhang
- Queensland Micro- and Nanotechnology Centre, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia.
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24
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Singh PK, Patel A, Kaffenes A, Hord C, Kesterson D, Prakash S. Microfluidic Approaches and Methods Enabling Extracellular Vesicle Isolation for Cancer Diagnostics. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:139. [PMID: 35056304 PMCID: PMC8778688 DOI: 10.3390/mi13010139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Advances in cancer research over the past half-century have clearly determined the molecular origins of the disease. Central to the use of molecular signatures for continued progress, including rapid, reliable, and early diagnosis is the use of biomarkers. Specifically, extracellular vesicles as biomarker cargo holders have generated significant interest. However, the isolation, purification, and subsequent analysis of these extracellular vesicles remain a challenge. Technological advances driven by microfluidics-enabled devices have made the challenges for isolation of extracellular vesicles an emerging area of research with significant possibilities for use in clinical settings enabling point-of-care diagnostics for cancer. In this article, we present a tutorial review of the existing microfluidic technologies for cancer diagnostics with a focus on extracellular vesicle isolation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Premanshu Kumar Singh
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Aarti Patel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Anastasia Kaffenes
- Department of Neuroscience, College of Arts and Sciences and College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
| | - Catherine Hord
- Center for Life Sciences Education, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (C.H.); (D.K.)
| | - Delaney Kesterson
- Center for Life Sciences Education, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA; (C.H.); (D.K.)
| | - Shaurya Prakash
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, College of Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA;
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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25
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Morikawa K, Kazumi H, Tsuyama Y, Ohta R, Kitamori T. Surface Patterning of Closed Nanochannel Using VUV Light and Surface Evaluation by Streaming Current. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12111367. [PMID: 34832779 PMCID: PMC8623798 DOI: 10.3390/mi12111367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In nanofluidics, surface control is a critical technology because nanospaces are surface-governed spaces as a consequence of their extremely high surface-to-volume ratio. Various surface patterning methods have been developed, including patterning on an open substrate and patterning using a liquid modifier in microchannels. However, the surface patterning of a closed nanochannel is difficult. In addition, the surface evaluation of closed nanochannels is difficult because of a lack of appropriate experimental tools. In this study, we verified the surface patterning of a closed nanochannel by vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light and evaluated the surface using streaming-current measurements. First, the C18 modification of closed nanochannels was confirmed by Laplace pressure measurements. In addition, no streaming-current signal was detected for the C18-modified surface, confirming the successful modification of the nanochannel surface with C18 groups. The C18 groups were subsequently decomposed by VUV light, and the nanochannel surface became hydrophilic because of the presence of silanol groups. In streaming-current measurements, the current signals increased in amplitude with increasing VUV light irradiation time, indicating the decomposition of the C18 groups on the closed nanochannel surfaces. Finally, hydrophilic/hydrophobic patterning by VUV light was performed in a nanochannel. Capillary filling experiments confirmed the presence of a hydrophilic/hydrophobic interface. Therefore, VUV patterning in a closed nanochannel was demonstrated, and the surface of a closed nanochannel was successfully evaluated using streaming-current measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyojiro Morikawa
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (H.K.); (R.O.)
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (T.K.)
| | - Haruki Kazumi
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (H.K.); (R.O.)
| | - Yoshiyuki Tsuyama
- Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;
| | - Ryoichi Ohta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (H.K.); (R.O.)
| | - Takehiko Kitamori
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan; (H.K.); (R.O.)
- Collaborative Research Organization for Micro and Nano Multifunctional Devices (NMfD), The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems (iNEMS), Department of Power Mechanical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, No. 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (K.M.); (T.K.)
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26
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Sun L, Zou H, Sang S. Effect of temperature on the
SU
‐8 photoresist filling behavior during thermal nanoimprinting. POLYM ENG SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pen.25751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Sun
- MicroNano System Research Center Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology Jinzhong China
| | - Helin Zou
- Key Laboratory for Precision and Non‐traditional Machining Technology of Ministry of Education Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and Systems of Liaoning Province Dalian University of Technology Dalian China
| | - Shengbo Sang
- MicroNano System Research Center Key Lab of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System of the Ministry of Education & College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology Jinzhong China
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