1
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Lv T, Liu J, Li F, Ma S, Wei X, Li X, Han C, Wang X. Label-Free and Ultrasensitive Detection of Cartilage Acidic Protein 1 in Osteoarthritis Using a Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38970471 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA), a prevalent degenerative joint disease, significantly affects the well-being of afflicted individuals and compromises the standard functionality of human joints. The emerging biomarker, Cartilage acidic protein 1 (CRTAC1), intricately associates with OA initiation and serves as a prognostic indicator for the trajectory toward joint replacement. However, existing diagnostic methods for CRTAC1 are hampered by the limited abundance, thus restricting the precision and specificity. Herein, a novel approach utilizing a single-walled carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (SWCNTs FET) biosensor is reported for the direct label-free detection of CRTAC1. High-purity semiconducting carbon nanotube films, functionalized with antibodies of CRTAC1, provide excellent electrical and sensing properties. The SWCNTs FET biosensor exhibits high sensitivity, notable reproducibility, and a wide linear detection range (1 fg/mL to 100 ng/mL) for CRTAC1 with a theoretical limit of detection (LOD) of 0.2 fg/mL. Moreover, the SWCNTs FET biosensor is capable of directly detecting human serum samples, showing excellent sensing performance in differentiating clinical samples from OA patients and healthy populations. Comparative analysis with traditional enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reveals that the proposed biosensor demonstrates faster detection speeds, higher sensitivity/accuracy, and lower errors, indicating high potential for the early OA diagnosis. Furthermore, the SWCNTs FET biosensor has good scalability for the combined diagnosis and measurement of multiple disease markers, thereby significantly expanding the application of SWCNTs FETs in biosensing and clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengbo Lv
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Jiale Liu
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China
| | - Shenhui Ma
- Key Laboratory of Wide Band-Gap Semiconductor Materials and Devices, School of Microelectronics, Xidian University, Xi'an, 710071, China
| | - Xianqi Wei
- School of Science, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Chuanyu Han
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- School of Microelectronics, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
- School of Science, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, China
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2
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Hu X, Zhang M, Liu Y, Li YT, Li W, Li T, Li J, Xiao X, He Q, Zhang ZY, Zhang GJ. A portable transistor immunosensor for fast identification of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:239. [PMID: 38735951 PMCID: PMC11089749 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Widespread distribution of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has led to catastrophic losses to the global pig farming industry. As a result, there is an urgent need for rapid, sensitive and accurate tests for PEDV to enable timely and effective interventions. In the present study, we develop and validate a floating gate carbon nanotubes field-effect transistor (FG CNT-FET)-based portable immunosensor for rapid identification of PEDV in a sensitive and accurate manner. To improve the affinity, a unique PEDV spike protein-specific monoclonal antibody is prepared by purification, and subsequently modified on FG CNT-FET sensor to recognize PEDV. The developed FET biosensor enables highly sensitive detection (LoD: 8.1 fg/mL and 100.14 TCID50/mL for recombinant spike proteins and PEDV, respectively), as well as satisfactory specificity. Notably, an integrated portable platform consisting of a pluggable FG CNT-FET chip and a portable device can discriminate PEDV positive from negative samples and even identify PEDV and porcine deltacoronavirus within 1 min with 100% accuracy. The portable sensing platform offers the capability to quickly, sensitively and accurately identify PEDV, which further points to a possibility of point of care (POC) applications of large-scale surveillance in pig breeding facilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, P.R. China
- Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, 442000, P.R. China
| | - Mengjia Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention & Control for African Swine Fever and Other Major Pig Diseases, Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Tao Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, P.R. China
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Prevention & Control for African Swine Fever and Other Major Pig Diseases, Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China
| | - Tingxian Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, P.R. China
| | - Xueqian Xiao
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, P.R. China
| | - Qigai He
- National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
- Key Laboratory of Prevention & Control for African Swine Fever and Other Major Pig Diseases, Key Laboratory of Development of Veterinary Diagnostic Products, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuhan, 430070, P. R. China.
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, P.R. China.
- Hubei Shizhen Laboratory, Wuhan, Hubei, 430065, P.R. China.
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3
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Wang J, Shao W, Liu Z, Kesavan G, Zeng Z, Shurin MR, Star A. Diagnostics of Tuberculosis with Single-Walled Carbon Nanotube-Based Field-Effect Transistors. ACS Sens 2024; 9:1957-1966. [PMID: 38484361 PMCID: PMC11059104 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c02694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is still threatening millions of people's lives, especially in developing countries. One of the major factors contributing to the ongoing epidemic of TB is the lack of a fast, efficient, and inexpensive diagnostic strategy. In this work, we developed a semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT)-based field-effect transistor (FET) device functionalized with anti-Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigen 85B antibody (Ab85B) to detect the major M. tuberculosis-secreted antigen 85B (Ag85B). Through optimizing the device fabrication process by evaluating the mass of the antibody and the concentration of the gating electrolyte, our Ab85B-SWCNT FET devices achieved the detection of the Ag85B spiked in phosphate-buffered saline (calibration samples) with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.05 fg/mL. This SWCNT FET biosensor also showed good sensing performance in biological matrices including artificial sputum and can identify Ag85B in serum after introducing bovine serum albumin (BSA) into the blocking layer. Furthermore, our BSA-blocked Ab85B-SWCNT FET devices can distinguish between TB-positive and -negative clinical samples, promising the application of SWCNT FET devices in point-of-care TB diagnostics. Moreover, the robustness of this SWCNT-based biosensor to the TB diagnosis in blood serum was enhanced by blocking SWCNT devices directly with a glutaraldehyde cross-linked BSA layer, enabling future applications of these SWCNT-based biosensors in clinical testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieyu Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Wenting Shao
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Zhengru Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Ganesh Kesavan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Zidao Zeng
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Michael R. Shurin
- Department
of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical
Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Alexander Star
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
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4
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Feng X, Li P, Li T, Cao X, Liu D, Xiao M, Wang L. Ultra-sensitive and rapid detection of Salmonella enterica and Staphylococcus aureus to single-cell level by aptamer-functionalized carbon nanotube field-effect transistor biosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 257:116333. [PMID: 38669846 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Foodborne diseases caused by Salmonella enterica (S. enterica) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) significantly impact public health, underscoring the imperative for highly sensitive, rapid, and accurate detection technologies to ensure food safety and prevent human diseases. Nanomaterials hold great promise in the development of high-sensitivity transistor biosensors. In this work, field-effect transistor (FET) comprising high-purity carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were fabricated and modified with corresponding nucleic acid aptamers for the high-affinity and selective capture of S. enterica and S. aureus. The aptamer-functionalized CNT-FET biosensor demonstrated ultra-sensitive and rapid detection of these foodborne pathogens. Experimental results indicated that the biosensor could detect S. enterica at a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 1 CFU in PBS buffer, and S. aureus at an LOD of 1.2 CFUs, achieving single-cell level detection accuracy with exceptional specificity. The biosensor exhibited a rapid response time, completing single detections within 200 s. Even in the presence of interference from six complex food matrices, the biosensor maintained its ultra-sensitive (3.1 CFUs) and rapid response (within 200 s) characteristics for both pathogens. The developed aptamer-functionalized CNT-FET biosensor demonstrates a capability for low-cost, ultra-sensitive, label-free, and rapid detection of low-abundance S. enterica and S. aureus in both buffer solutions and complex environments. This innovation holds significant potential for applying this detection technology to on-site rapid testing scenarios, offering a promising solution to the pressing need for efficient and reliable pathogen monitoring in various settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Feng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Pengzhen Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Tingxian Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xiaoling Cao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Daohe Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Mengmeng Xiao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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5
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Brito C, Silva JV, Gonzaga RV, La-Scalea MA, Giarolla J, Ferreira EI. A Review on Carbon Nanotubes Family of Nanomaterials and Their Health Field. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:8687-8708. [PMID: 38434894 PMCID: PMC10905599 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c08824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The use of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which are nanometric materials, in pathogen detection, protection of environments, food safety, and in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, as efficient drug delivery systems, is relevant for the improvement and advancement of pharmacological profiles of many molecules employed in therapeutics and in tissue bioengineering. It has contributed to the advancement of science due to the development of new tools and devices in the field of medicine. CNTs have versatile mechanical, physical, and chemical properties, in addition to their great potential for association with other materials to contribute to applications in different fields of medicine. As, for example, photothermal therapy, due to the ability to convert infrared light into heat, in tissue engineering, due to the mechanical resistance, flexibility, elasticity, and low density, in addition to many other possible applications, and as biomarkers, where the electronic and optics properties enable the transduction of their signals. This review aims to describe the state of the art and the perspectives and challenges of applying CNTs in the medical field. A systematic search was carried out in the indexes Medline, Lilacs, SciELO, and Web of Science using the descriptors "carbon nanotubes", "tissue regeneration", "electrical interface (biosensors and chemical sensors)", "photosensitizers", "photothermal", "drug delivery", "biocompatibility" and "nanotechnology", and "Prodrug design" and appropriately grouped. The literature reviewed showed great applicability, but more studies are needed regarding the biocompatibility of CNTs. The data obtained point to the need for standardized studies on the applications and interactions of these nanostructures with biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles
L. Brito
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - João V. Silva
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo V. Gonzaga
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Mauro A. La-Scalea
- Department
of Chemistry, Federal University of São
Paulo, Diadema 09972-270, Brazil
| | - Jeanine Giarolla
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Elizabeth I. Ferreira
- Department
of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes, 580, Bloco 13, São Paulo CEP 05508-000, Brazil
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6
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Hu X, Li J, Li YT, Zhang Y, Xiao MM, Zhang Z, Liu Y, Zhang ZY, Zhang GJ. Plug-and-play smart transistor bio-chips implementing point-of-care diagnosis of AMI with modified CRISPR/Cas12a system. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 246:115909. [PMID: 38070238 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The point-of-care diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI), an extremely lethal disease with only a few hours of golden rescue time, is significant and urgently required. Here, we describe a plug-and-play carbon nanotube field effect transistor (CNT-FET) bio-chip supported with a smart portable readout for ultrasensitive and on-site testing of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), which is one of the most specific and valuable biomarkers of AMI. A modified clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/Cas12a system, featuring the G-triplex structured reporter, was first combined with the CNT-FET to realize non-nucleic acid detection. Such a unique CNT-FET biosensor achieved the high sensitivity (LOD: 0.33 fg/mL), which is expected to give timely warning in the early stage of myocardial injury. In addition, a bilayer gate dielectric consisting of Y2O3/HfO2, employed into the passivation process, enabled the high environmental stability and repeatability of CNT-FET. More importantly, the homemade compact chip readout forged a field-deployable cTnI analytical tool, realizing "plasma-to-answer" performance for AMI patients in point-of-care testing scenarios. The developed technology holds promise to help doctors make clinical decisions faster, especially in remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China; Department of Pharmacy, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, PR China
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Yu-Tao Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Yulin Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Meng-Meng Xiao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China; Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, PR China
| | - Zhenlu Zhang
- Wuhan Asia Heart Hospital, 753 Jinghan Avenue, Wuhan, 430022, PR China
| | - Yiwei Liu
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, PR China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China; Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, PR China
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China.
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7
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Guo S, Xie H, Zhao X, He H, Feng X, Li Y, Liu BF, Chen P. All-in-one detection of breast cancer-derived exosomal miRNA on a pen-based paper chip. Analyst 2024; 149:1250-1261. [PMID: 38225883 DOI: 10.1039/d3an02032k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) play a pivotal role in intercellular communication, regulating gene expression in target cells, and hold significant promise as cancer biomarkers for early detection and screening. However, achieving precise and viable detection of exosomal miRNAs remains a challenge. This paper proposes an all-in-one detection strategy for breast cancer-derived exosomal miRNA-21 on a pen-based paper chip (PPC). The PPC is constructed using a modified automatic pen and lateral flow assay (LFA), which results in a cost-effective fabrication process. The user only needs to add the sample and trigger the top of the self-contained PPC after a period of time to complete the entire detection process. To enhance the sensitivity of exosomal miRNA testing, an enzyme-free catalyzed hairpin assembly (CHA) is further introduced, enabling highly sensitive detection of miRNA-21 with a limit of detection (LOD) of 25 fmol. Additionally, the detection of miRNAs in differentially-expressed cells and clinical samples has also been successfully achieved with high specificity. Overall, the proposed PPC provides an effective tool for detecting early cancer, monitoring diseases, and establishing point of care testing (POCT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Guo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510317, China
| | - Han Xie
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Xudong Zhao
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | | | - Xiaojun Feng
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Yiwei Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Bi-Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Systems Biology Theme, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China.
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8
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Aftab S, Li X, Hussain S, Aslam M, Hegazy HH, Abd-Rabboh HSM, Koyyada G, Kim JH. Nanomaterials-Based Field-Effect Transistor for Protein Sensing: New Advances. ACS Sens 2024; 9:9-22. [PMID: 38156963 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
It is crucial for early stage medical diagnostics to identify disease biomarkers at ultralow concentrations. A wide range of analytes can be identified using low-dimensional materials to build highly sensitive, targeted, label-free, field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors. Two-dimensional (2D) materials are preferable for high-performance biosensing because of their dramatic change in resistivity upon analyte adsorption or biomarker detection, tunable electronic properties, high surface activities, adequate stability, and layer-dependent semiconducting properties. We give a succinct overview of interesting applications for protein sensing with various architectural styles, such as 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs)-based FETs that include carbon nanotubes (CNTs), graphene (Gr), reduced graphene oxide (rGr), 2D transition-metal carbides (MXene), and Gr/MXene heterostructures. Because it might enable individuals to perform better, this review will be an important contribution to the field of medical science. These achievements demonstrate point-of-care diagnostics' abilities to detect biomarkers at ultrahigh performance levels. A summary of the present opportunities and challenges appears in the conclusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sikandar Aftab
- Department of Intelligent Mechatronics Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulsed Power Laser Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Hefei 230037, Anhui China
- Anhui Laboratory of Advanced Laser Technology, Hefei 230037, Anhui, China
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials Engineering, Sejong University, Seoul 05006, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Aslam
- Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Mira Str.19, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Hosameldin Helmy Hegazy
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hisham S M Abd-Rabboh
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, PO Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ganesh Koyyada
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
| | - Jae Hong Kim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Daehak-ro 280, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38541, South Korea
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9
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He J, Cao X, Liu H, Liang Y, Chen H, Xiao M, Zhang Z. Power and Sensitivity Management of Carbon Nanotube Transistor Glucose Biosensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1351-1360. [PMID: 38150673 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM), which is significant for the daily management of diabetes, requires a low-power-consumption sensor system that can track low nanomolar levels of glucose in physiological fluids, such as sweat and tears. However, traditional electrochemical methods are limited to analytes in micromolar to millimolar ranges and entail high power consumption. Carbon nanotube (CNT) film field-effect transistors (FETs) are promising for constructing extremely sensitive biosensors, but their wide applications in CGM are limited by the strong screening effect of physiological fluids and the zero charge of glucose molecules. In this study, we demonstrate a glucose aptamer-modified CNT FET biosensor to realize a highly sensitive CGM system with sub-nW power consumption by applying a suitable gate voltage. A positive gate voltage can enlarge the effective Debye screening length at the double layer to reduce the local ion population nearby and then improve the sensitivity of the FET-based biosensors by 5 times. We construct CNT FET sensors for CGM with a limit of detection of 0.5 fM, a record dynamic range up to 109, and a power consumption down to ∼100 pW. The proposed field-modulated sensing performance scheme is applicable to other aptamer-based FET biosensors for detecting neutral or less charged molecules and opens opportunities to develop facilely modulated, highly sensitive, low-power, and noninvasive CGM systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping He
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianmao Cao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- School of Integrated Circuits, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Beijing 100876, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuqi Liang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Mengmeng Xiao
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan 411105, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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10
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Cui Q, Li J, Li Y, Tang L, Li K, Li T, Chen X, Zhang Z, Zhang GJ. Sensitive and rapid detection of bacterial endotoxin with a functional carbon nanotube field-effect transistor biosensor. Talanta 2024; 266:125035. [PMID: 37573682 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Endotoxin in the blood can cause unexplained fever, and even death due to endotoxemia and bacteremia. Rapid and sensitive detection of endotoxin has become a priority event to intervene in the occurrence of dangerous diseases in time. In this context, a carbon nanotubes-based field-effect transistor (CNTs FET) nanosensor is developed to realize the rapid, label-free and sensitive detection of endotoxin. The CNTs FET was fabricated by assembling the polymer-sorted high-purity semiconductor CNT films onto the sensing channel. In order to improve the detection sensitivity, carboxylated graphene quantum dots (cGQDs) were coupled to the CNT surface via the poly-l-lysine (PLL). After that, polymyxin B (PMB), which is highly specific for endotoxin, was covalently combined with cGQDs, thus enabling the capture and detection of endotoxin. The method not only displayed an extremely low level of limitation of detection in PBS (4.6 fg/mL) and serum (30.3 fg/mL), respectively, with superior resistance to interference, but also enabled the analysis of Gram-negative bacterial infections in blood samples in a short duration of time. Meanwhile, the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) proved the superior diagnostic accuracy of this method (AUC = 0.990). Considering its excellent performance, the constructed CNTs FET biosensor is a promising tool to provide early warning of disease for clinical Gram-negative bacteremia and endotoxemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Cui
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Yutao Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Lina Tang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China
| | - Kun Li
- The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Wuhan, 430061, China
| | - Tingxian Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
| | - Xiaohua Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Central Theater Command, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, PR China.
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, PR China.
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11
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Tiryaki E, Zorlu T. Recent Advances in Metallic Nanostructures-assisted Biosensors for Medical Diagnosis and Therapy. Curr Top Med Chem 2024; 24:930-951. [PMID: 38243934 DOI: 10.2174/0115680266282489240109050225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024]
Abstract
The field of nanotechnology has witnessed remarkable progress in recent years, particularly in its application to medical diagnosis and therapy. Metallic nanostructures-assisted biosensors have emerged as a powerful and versatile platform, offering unprecedented opportunities for sensitive, specific, and minimally invasive diagnostic techniques, as well as innovative therapeutic interventions. These biosensors exploit the molecular interactions occurring between biomolecules, such as antibodies, enzymes, aptamers, or nucleic acids, and metallic surfaces to induce observable alterations in multiple physical attributes, encompassing electrical, optical, colorimetric, and electrochemical signals. These interactions yield measurable data concerning the existence and concentration of particular biomolecules. The inherent characteristics of metal nanostructures, such as conductivity, plasmon resonance, and catalytic activity, serve to amplify both sensitivity and specificity in these biosensors. This review provides an in-depth exploration of the latest advancements in metallic nanostructures-assisted biosensors, highlighting their transformative impact on medical science and envisioning their potential in shaping the future of personalized healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ecem Tiryaki
- Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications, Italian Institute of Technology, 16163, Genova, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Yildiz Technical University, 34220, Esenler, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Tolga Zorlu
- Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Carrer de Marcel∙lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
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12
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Yu Y, Liang C, Wan QQ, Jin D, Liu X, Zhang Z, Sun ZY, Zhang GJ. Integrated FET sensing microsystem for specific detection of pancreatic cancer exosomal miRNA10b. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1284:341995. [PMID: 37996166 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Tumor-derived exosome (TD-Ex) serves as a crucial early diagnostic biomarker of pancreatic cancer (PC). However, accurate identification of TD-Ex from PC is still a challenging work. In this paper, a detection microsystem that integrates magnetic separation and FET biosensor is developed, which is capable of selectively separating TD-Ex of PC from the plasma and detecting exosomal miRNA10b in a sensitive and specific manner. The magnetic beads were functionalized with dual antibody (GPC-1 antibody and EpCAM antibody), enabling selective recognition and capture of PC-derived exosomes. On the other hand, a peptide nucleic acid (PNA)- functionalized reduced graphene oxide field-effect transistor (RGO FET) biosensor was subsequently utilized to detect the exosomal miRNA10b, which is highly expressed in PC- derived exosomes. This system could achieve a low detection limit down to 78 fM, and selectively identify miRNA10b from single-base mismatched miRNA. In addition, 40 clinical plasma samples were tested with this microsystem, and the results indicate that it could effectively distinguish PC patients from healthy individuals. The assay combines specific capture and enrichment of PC-derived exosomes with sensitive and selective detection of exosomal miRNA, showing its potential to be used as an effective scheme for PC early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Chunzi Liang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | | | - Dan Jin
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Xi Liu
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| | - Zhong-Yue Sun
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, China.
| | - Guo-Jun Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, 16 Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, China.
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13
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Kumar THV, Rajendran J, Atchudan R, Arya S, Govindasamy M, Habila MA, Sundramoorthy AK. Cobalt ferrite/semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes based field-effect transistor for determination of carbamate pesticides. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 238:117193. [PMID: 37758116 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbaryl and carbofuran are the carbamate pesticides which have been widely used worldwide to control insects in crops and house. If the pesticides entered in to the food products and drinking water, they could cause serious health effects in humans. Therefore, the development of a rapid, simple, sensitive and selective analytical device for on-site detection of carbamates is crucial to evaluate food and environmental samples. Recently, semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotube-based field effect transistors (s-SWCNT/FETs) have shown several advantages such as high carrier mobility, good on/off ratio, quasi ballistic electron transport, label-free detection and real-time response. Herein, cobalt ferrite (CFO) nanoparticles decorated s-SWCNTs have been prepared and used to bridge the source and drain electrodes. As-prepared CFO/s-SWCNT/FET had been used for the non-enzymatic detection of carbaryl and carbofuran. When used as a sensing platform, the CFO/s-SWCNT hybrid film exhibited high sensitivity, and selectivity with a wide linear range of detection from 10 to 100 fMand the lowest limit of detections for carbaryl (0.11 fM) and carbofuran (0.07 fM) were estimated. This sensor was also used to detect carbaryl in tomato and cabbage samples, which confirmed its practical acceptance. Such performance may be attributed to the oxidation of carbamates by potent catalytic activity of CFO, which led to the changes in the charge transfer reaction on the s-SWCNTs/FET conduction channel. This work presents a novel CFO/s-SWCNT based sensing system which could be used to quantify pesticide residues in food samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Vignesh Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Jerome Rajendran
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Raji Atchudan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Sandeep Arya
- Department of Physics, University of Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, 180006, Jammu, India
| | - Mani Govindasamy
- International PhD Program in Innovative Technology of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan; Research Center for Intelligence Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City, 243303, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed A Habila
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashok K Sundramoorthy
- Centre for Nano-Biosensors, Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Poonamallee High Road, Velappanchavadi, Chennai, 600077, Tamil Nadu, India.
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14
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Ren Q, Jiang L, Ma S, Li T, Zhu Y, Qiu R, Xing Y, Yin F, Li Z, Ye X, Zhang Y, Zhang M. Multi-Body Biomarker Entrapment System: An All-Encompassing Tool for Ultrasensitive Disease Diagnosis and Epidemic Screening. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2304119. [PMID: 37486783 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Ultrasensitive identification of biomarkers in biofluids is essential for the precise diagnosis of diseases. For the gold standard approaches, polymerase chain reaction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, cumbersome operational steps hinder their point-of-care applications. Here, a bionic biomarker entrapment system (BioES) is implemented, which employs a multi-body Y-shaped tetrahedral DNA probe immobilized on carbon nanotube transistors. Clinical identification of endometriosis is successfully realized by detecting an estrogen receptor, ERβ, from the lesion tissue of endometriosis patients and establishing a standard diagnosis procedure. The multi-body Y-shaped BioES achieves a theoretical limit of detection (LoD) of 6.74 aM and a limit of quantification of 141 aM in a complex protein milieu. Furthermore, the BioES is optimized into a multi-site recognition module for enhanced binding efficiency, realizing the first identification of monkeypox virus antigen A35R and unamplified detection of circulating tumor DNA of breast cancer in serum. The rigid and compact probe framework with synergy effect enables the BioES to target A35R and DNA with a LoD down to 991 and 0.21 aM, respectively. Owing to its versatility for proteins and nucleic acids as well as ease of manipulation and ultra-sensitivity, the BioES can be leveraged as an all-encompassing tool for population-wide screening of epidemics and clinical disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinqi Ren
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Leying Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Shenhui Ma
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rui Qiu
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yun Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Feng Yin
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Zigang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics, School of Chemical Biology and Biotechnology, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xiyang Ye
- Department of Gynecology, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University, The First Affiliated Hospital, Southern University of Science and Technology), Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Yaping Zhang
- Pingshan Translational Medicine Center, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Min Zhang
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
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15
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Kumar B, Chaujar R. Fin field-effect-transistor engineered sensor for detection of MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells: A switching-ratio-based sensitivity analysis. Phys Rev E 2023; 108:034408. [PMID: 37849201 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.108.034408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study describes the utilization of a gallium-arsenide gate-stack gate-all-around (GaAs-GS-GAA) fin field-effect transistor (FinFET) to accomplish the electrical identification of the breast cancer cell MDA-MB-231 by monitoring the device switching ratio. The proposed sensor uses four nanocavities carved beneath the gate electrodes for enhanced detection sensitivity. MDA-MB-231 (cancerous) and MCF-10A (healthy) breast cells have a distinct dielectric constant, and it changes when exposed to microwave frequencies spanning across 200 MHz and 13.6 GHz, which modifies the electrical characteristics, allowing for early diagnosis. First, a percentage shift in the primary DC characteristics is presented to demonstrate the advantage of GS-GAA FinFET over conventional FinFET. The sensor measures the switching-ratio-based sensitivity, which comes out to be 99.72% for MDA-MB-231 and 47.78% for MCF-10A. The sensor was tested for stability and reproducibility and found to be repeatable and sufficiently stable with settling times of 55.51, 60.80, and 71.58 ps for MDA-MB-231 cells, MCF-10A cells, and air, respectively. It can distinguish between viable and nonviable cells based on electrical response alterations. The possibility of early detection of cancerous breast cells using Bruggeman's model is also discussed. Further, the impact of biomolecule occupancy and frequency variations on the device sensitivity is carried out. This study also explains how to maximize the sensing performance by adjusting the fin height, fin width, work function, channel doping, temperature, and drain voltage. Lastly, this article compared the proposed breast cancer cell detectors to existing literature to evaluate their performance and found considerable improvement. The findings of this research have the potential to establish GaAs-GS-GAA FinFET as a promising contender for MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhavya Kumar
- Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Delhi 110042, India
| | - Rishu Chaujar
- Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Delhi 110042, India
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16
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Kumar MA, Jayavel R, Mahalingam S, Kim J, Atchudan R. Detection of Interleukin-6 Protein Using Graphene Field-Effect Transistor. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:834. [PMID: 37754068 PMCID: PMC10526909 DOI: 10.3390/bios13090834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Universal platforms to analyze biomolecules using sensor devices can address critical diagnostic challenges. Sensor devices like electrical-based field-effect transistors play an essential role in sensing biomolecules by charge probing. Graphene-based devices are more suitable for these applications. It has been previously reported that Graphene Field-Effect Transistor (GFET) devices detect DNA hybridization, pH sensors, and protein molecules. Graphene became a promising material for electrical-based field-effect transistor devices in sensing biomarkers, including biomolecules and proteins. In the last decade, FET devices have detected biomolecules such as DNA molecules, pH, glucose, and protein. These studies have suggested that the reference electrode is placed externally and measures the transfer characteristics. However, the external probing method damages the samples, requiring safety measurements and a substantial amount of time. To control this problem, the graphene field-effect transistor (GFET) device is fabricated with an inbuilt gate that acts as a reference electrode to measure the biomolecules. Herein, the monolayer graphene is exfoliated, and the GFET is designed with an in-built gate to detect the Interleukin-6 (IL-6) protein. IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine which plays a significant role in immune regulation and metabolism. Additionally, IL-6 subsidizes a variability of disease states, including many types of cancer development, and metastasis, progression, and increased levels of IL-6 are associated with a higher risk of cancer and can also serve as a prognostic marker for cancer. Here, the protein is desiccated on the GFET device and measured, and Dirac point shifting in the transfer characteristics systematically evaluates the device's performance. Our work yielded a conductive and electrical response with the IL-6 protein. This graphene-based transducer with an inbuilt gate gives a promising platform to enable low-cost, compact, facile, real-time, and sensitive amperometric sensors to detect IL-6. Targeting this pathway may help develop treatments for several other symptoms, such as neuromyelitis optica, uveitis, and, more recently, COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoharan Arun Kumar
- Department of Electrical, Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Technology, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management (GITAM), Bengaluru 561203, Karnataka, India
| | - Ramasamy Jayavel
- Centre for Crystal Growth, Anna University, Chennai 600025, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Shanmugam Mahalingam
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (S.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Junghwan Kim
- Department of Materials System Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (S.M.); (J.K.)
| | - Raji Atchudan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
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17
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Ji Z, Wei J, Luo F, Liu Z, Lu H, Chen R, Wang Y, Qin G. Investigating on sensing mechanism of MoS 2-FET biosensors in response to proteins. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023; 34:435503. [PMID: 37506679 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aceb6a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors based on two-dimensional materials have gained extensive attention due to their high sensitivity, label-free detection capability, and fast response. Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), with tunable bandgap, high surface-to-volume ratio, and smooth surface without dangling bonds, is a promising material for FET biosensors. Previous reports have demonstrated the fabrication of MoS2-FET biosensors and their high sensitivity detection of proteins. However, most prior research has focused on the realization of MoS2-FETs for detecting different kinds of proteins or molecules, while comprehensive analysis of the sensing mechanism and dominant device factors of MoS2-FETs in response to proteins is yet to investigate. In this study, we first fabricated MoS2-FET biosensor and detected different types of proteins (immunoglobulin G (IgG),β-actin, and prostate-specific antigen (PSA)). Secondly, we built the model of the device and analyzed the sensing mechanism of MoS2-FETs in response to proteins. Experimental and modeling results showed that the induced doping effect and gating effect caused by the target protein binding to the device surface were the major influential factors. Specifically, the channel doping concentration and gate voltage (Vg) offset exhibited monotonic change as the concentration of the protein solution increases. For example, the channel doping concentration increased up to ∼37.9% and theVgoffset was ∼-1.3 V with 10-7μgμl-1IgG. The change was less affected by the device size. We also investigated the effects of proteins with opposite acid-base properties (β-actin and PSA) to IgG on the device sensing mechanism.β-actin and PSA exhibited behavior opposite to that of IgG. Additionally, we studied the response behavior of MoS2-FETs with different dimensions and dielectric materials (channel length, MoS2thickness, dielectric layer thickness, dielectric layer material) to proteins. The underlying mechanisms were discussed in details. This study provides valuable guidelines for the design and application of MoS2-FET biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziheng Ji
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Junqing Wei
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengting Luo
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin 300299, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihao Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Haotian Lu
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruibing Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxuan Qin
- School of Microelectronics, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Imaging and Sensing Microelectronic, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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Liang Y, Xiao M, Xie J, Li J, Zhang Y, Liu H, Zhang Y, He J, Zhang G, Wei N, Peng LM, Ke Y, Zhang ZY. Amplification-Free Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Down to Single Virus Level by Portable Carbon Nanotube Biosensors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2208198. [PMID: 37046180 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202208198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The rapid and sensitive detection of trace-level viruses in a simple and reliable way is of great importance for epidemic prevention and control. Here, a multi-functionalized floating gate carbon nanotube field effect transistor (FG-CNT FET) based biosensor is reported for the single virus level detection of SARS-CoV-2 virus antigen and RNA rapidly with a portable sensing platform. The aptamers functionalized sensors can detect SARS-CoV-2 antigens from unprocessed nasopharyngeal swab samples within 1 min. Meanwhile, enhanced by a multi-probe strategy, the FG-CNT FET-based biosensor can detect the long chain RNA directly without amplification down to single virus level within 1 min. The device, constructed with packaged sensor chips and a portable sensing terminal, can distinguish 10 COVID-19 patients from 10 healthy individuals in clinical tests both by the RNAs and antigens by a combination detection strategy with an combined overall percent agreement (OPA) close to 100%. The results provide a general and simple method to enhance the sensitivity of FET-based biochemical sensors for the detection of nucleic acid molecules and demonstrate that the CNT FG FET biosensor is a versatile and reliable integrated platform for ultrasensitive multibiomarker detection without amplification and has great potential for point-of-care (POC) clinical tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Liang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Mengmeng Xiao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Jiahao Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yuyan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, China
| | - Jianping He
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, China
| | - Guojun Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine, Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Huangjia Lake West Road, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Nan Wei
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Lian-Mao Peng
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, China
| | - Yuehua Ke
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Zhi-Yong Zhang
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Hunan, 411105, China
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19
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Sengupta J, Hussain CM. CNT and Graphene-Based Transistor Biosensors for Cancer Detection: A Review. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1024. [PMID: 37509060 PMCID: PMC10377131 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
An essential aspect of successful cancer diagnosis is the identification of malignant tumors during the early stages of development, as this can significantly diminish patient mortality rates and increase their chances of survival. This task is facilitated by cancer biomarkers, which play a crucial role in determining the stage of cancer cells, monitoring their growth, and evaluating the success of treatment. However, conventional cancer detection methods involve several intricate steps, such as time-consuming nucleic acid amplification, target detection, and a complex treatment process that may not be appropriate for rapid screening. Biosensors are emerging as promising diagnostic tools for detecting cancer, and carbon nanotube (CNT)- and graphene-based transistor biosensors have shown great potential due to their unique electrical and mechanical properties. These biosensors have high sensitivity and selectivity, allowing for the rapid detection of cancer biomarkers at low concentrations. This review article discusses recent advances in the development of CNT- and graphene-based transistor biosensors for cancer detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joydip Sengupta
- Department of Electronic Science, Jogesh Chandra Chaudhuri College, Kolkata 700033, India
| | - Chaudhery Mustansar Hussain
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
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20
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Wang J, Chen D, Huang W, Yang N, Yuan Q, Yang Y. Aptamer-functionalized field-effect transistor biosensors for disease diagnosis and environmental monitoring. EXPLORATION (BEIJING, CHINA) 2023; 3:20210027. [PMID: 37933385 PMCID: PMC10624392 DOI: 10.1002/exp.20210027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Nano-biosensors that are composed of recognition molecules and nanomaterials have been extensively utilized in disease diagnosis, health management, and environmental monitoring. As a type of nano-biosensors, molecular specificity field-effect transistor (FET) biosensors with signal amplification capability exhibit prominent advantages including fast response speed, ease of miniaturization, and integration, promising their high sensitivity for molecules detection and identification. With intrinsic characteristics of high stability and structural tunability, aptamer has become one of the most commonly applied biological recognition units in the FET sensing fields. This review summarizes the recent progress of FET biosensors based on aptamer functionalized nanomaterials in medical diagnosis and environmental monitoring. The structure, sensing principles, preparation methods, and functionalization strategies of aptamer modified FET biosensors were comprehensively summarized. The relationship between structure and sensing performance of FET biosensors was reviewed. Furthermore, the challenges and future perspectives of FET biosensors were also discussed, so as to provide support for the future development of efficient healthcare management and environmental monitoring devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingfeng Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute of Molecular MedicineRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Microelectronics, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Duo Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute of Molecular MedicineRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Microelectronics, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Wanting Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute of Molecular MedicineRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Microelectronics, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
| | - Nianjun Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Insititute of Materials ResearchHasselt UniversityHasseltBelgium
| | - Quan Yuan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yanbing Yang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Institute of Molecular MedicineRenmin Hospital of Wuhan University, School of Microelectronics, Wuhan UniversityWuhanChina
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21
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Li P, Li T, Feng X, Liu D, Zhong Q, Fang X, Liao Z, Wang J, Xiao M, Wang L. A micro-carbon nanotube transistor for ultra-sensitive, label-free, and rapid detection of Staphylococcal enterotoxin C in food. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 449:131033. [PMID: 36812728 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC) is an enterotoxin produced by Staphylococcus aureus, which can cause intestinal diseases. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a sensitive detection method for SEC to ensure food safety and prevent foodborne diseases in humans. A field-effect transistor (FET) based on high-purity carbon nanotubes (CNTs) was used as a transducer, and a nucleic acid aptamer with high affinity was used for recognition to capture the target. The results indicated that the biosensor achieved an ultra-low theoretical detection limit of 1.25 fg/mL in PBS, and its good specificity was verified by detecting target analogs. Three typical food homogenates were used as the solution to be measured to verify that the biosensor had a swift response time (within 5 min after sample addition). An additional study with a more significant basa fish sample response also showed excellent sensitivity (theoretical detection limit of 8.15 fg/mL) and a stable detection ratio. In summary, this CNT-FET biosensor enabled the label-free, ultra-sensitive, and fast detection of SEC in complex samples. The FET biosensors could be further used as a universal biosensor platform for the ultrasensitive detection of multiple biological toxic pollutants, thus considerably stopping the spread of harmful substances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhen Li
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Tingxian Li
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Feng
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Daohe Liu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qingping Zhong
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xiang Fang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhenlin Liao
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Mengmeng Xiao
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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22
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Ji D, Zhao J, Liu Y, Wei D. Electrical Nanobiosensors for Nucleic Acid Based Diagnostics. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:4084-4095. [PMID: 37125726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in nanotechnologies have promoted the iterative updating of nucleic acid sensors. Among various sensing technologies, the electrical nanobiosensor is regarded as one of the most promising prospects to achieve rapid, precise, and point-of-care nucleic acid based diagnostics. In this Perspective, we introduce recent progresses in electrical nanobiosensors for nucleic acid detection. First, the strategies for improving detection performance are summarized, including chemical amplification and electrical amplification. Then, the detection mechanism of electrical nanobiosensors, such as electrochemical biosensors, field-effect transistors, and photoelectric enhanced biosensors, is illustrated. At the same time, their applications in cancer screening, pathogen detection, gene sequencing, and genetic disease diagnosis are introduced. Finally, challenges and future prospects in clinical application are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daizong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Junhong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Dacheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Laboratory of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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23
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Bovari-Biri J, Garai K, Banfai K, Csongei V, Pongracz JE. miRNAs as Predictors of Barrier Integrity. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:bios13040422. [PMID: 37185497 PMCID: PMC10136429 DOI: 10.3390/bios13040422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
The human body has several barriers that protect its integrity and shield it from mechanical, chemical, and microbial harm. The various barriers include the skin, intestinal and respiratory epithelia, blood-brain barrier (BBB), and immune system. In the present review, the focus is on the physical barriers that are formed by cell layers. The barrier function is influenced by the molecular microenvironment of the cells forming the barriers. The integrity of the barrier cell layers is maintained by the intricate balance of protein expression that is partly regulated by microRNAs (miRNAs) both in the intracellular space and the extracellular microenvironment. The detection of changes in miRNA patterns has become a major focus of diagnostic, prognostic, and disease progression, as well as therapy-response, markers using a great variety of detection systems in recent years. In the present review, we highlight the importance of liquid biopsies in assessing barrier integrity and challenges in differential miRNA detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judit Bovari-Biri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Kitti Garai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Banfai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Veronika Csongei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
| | - Judit E Pongracz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pecs, 2 Rokus Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
- Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pecs, 20 Ifjusag Str, H-7624 Pecs, Hungary
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24
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Szymczyk A, Ziółkowski R, Malinowska E. Modern Electrochemical Biosensing Based on Nucleic Acids and Carbon Nanomaterials. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3230. [PMID: 36991941 PMCID: PMC10057701 DOI: 10.3390/s23063230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
To meet the requirements of novel therapies, effective treatments should be supported by diagnostic tools characterized by appropriate analytical and working parameters. These are, in particular, fast and reliable responses that are proportional to analyte concentration, with low detection limits, high selectivity, cost-efficient construction, and portability, allowing for the development of point-of-care devices. Biosensors using nucleic acids as receptors has turned out to be an effective approach for meeting the abovementioned requirements. Careful design of the receptor layers will allow them to obtain DNA biosensors that are dedicated to almost any analyte, including ions, low and high molecular weight compounds, nucleic acids, proteins, and even whole cells. The impulse for the application of carbon nanomaterials in electrochemical DNA biosensors is rooted in the possibility to further influence their analytical parameters and adjust them to the chosen analysis. Such nanomaterials enable the lowering of the detection limit, the extension of the biosensor linear response, or the increase in selectivity. This is possible thanks to their high conductivity, large surface-to-area ratio, ease of chemical modification, and introduction of other nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, into the carbon structures. This review discusses the recent advances on the design and application of carbon nanomaterials in electrochemical DNA biosensors that are dedicated especially to modern medical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Szymczyk
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Stanisława Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Doctoral School, Warsaw University of Technology, Plac Politechniki 1, 00-661 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Robert Ziółkowski
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Stanisława Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Malinowska
- Chair of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Stanisława Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
- Center for Advanced Materials and Technologies, Warsaw University of Technology, Poleczki 19, 02-822 Warsaw, Poland
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25
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Zhang Y, Poon K, Masonsong GSP, Ramaswamy Y, Singh G. Sustainable Nanomaterials for Biomedical Applications. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030922. [PMID: 36986783 PMCID: PMC10056188 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant progress in nanotechnology has enormously contributed to the design and development of innovative products that have transformed societal challenges related to energy, information technology, the environment, and health. A large portion of the nanomaterials developed for such applications is currently highly dependent on energy-intensive manufacturing processes and non-renewable resources. In addition, there is a considerable lag between the rapid growth in the innovation/discovery of such unsustainable nanomaterials and their effects on the environment, human health, and climate in the long term. Therefore, there is an urgent need to design nanomaterials sustainably using renewable and natural resources with minimal impact on society. Integrating sustainability with nanotechnology can support the manufacturing of sustainable nanomaterials with optimized performance. This short review discusses challenges and a framework for designing high-performance sustainable nanomaterials. We briefly summarize the recent advances in producing sustainable nanomaterials from sustainable and natural resources and their use for various biomedical applications such as biosensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Additionally, we provide future perspectives into the design guidelines for fabricating high-performance sustainable nanomaterials for medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2008, Australia
| | - Kingsley Poon
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2008, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2008, Australia
| | | | - Yogambha Ramaswamy
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2008, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2008, Australia
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Gurvinder Singh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2008, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2008, Australia
- Correspondence: (Y.R.); (G.S.)
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26
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Li Z, Xiao M, Jin C, Zhang Z. Toward the Commercialization of Carbon Nanotube Field Effect Transistor Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:326. [PMID: 36979538 PMCID: PMC10046102 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The development of biosensors based on field-effect transistors (FETs) using atomically thick carbon nanotubes (CNTs) as a channel material has the potential to revolutionize the related field due to their small size, high sensitivity, label-free detection, and real-time monitoring capabilities. Despite extensive research efforts to improve the sensitivity, selectivity, and practicality of CNT FET-based biosensors, their commercialization has not yet been achieved due to the non-uniform and unstable device performance, difficulties in their fabrication, the immaturity of sensor packaging processes, and a lack of reliable modification methods. This review article focuses on the practical applications of CNT-based FET biosensors for the detection of ultra-low concentrations of biologically relevant molecules. We discuss the various factors that affect the sensors' performance in terms of materials, device architecture, and sensor packaging, highlighting the need for a robust commercial process that prioritizes product performance. Additionally, we review recent advances in the application of CNT FET biosensors for the ultra-sensitive detection of various biomarkers. Finally, we examine the key obstacles that currently hinder the large-scale deployment of these biosensors, aiming to identify the challenges that must be addressed for the future industrialization of CNT FET sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyu Li
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
| | - Mengmeng Xiao
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Chuanhong Jin
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Hunan Institute of Advanced Sensing and Information Technology, Xiangtan University, Xiangtan 411105, China
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nanodevices and Center for Carbon-Based Electronics, School of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
- Jihua Laboratory, Foshan 528200, China
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27
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Castro KPR, Colombo RNP, Iost RM, da Silva BGR, Crespilho FN. Low-dimensionality carbon-based biosensors: the new era of emerging technologies in bioanalytical chemistry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04578-x. [PMID: 36757464 PMCID: PMC9909134 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04578-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the last decade, carbon nanomaterials have had a notable impact on different fields such as bioimaging, drug delivery, artificial tissue engineering, and biosensors. This is due to their good compatibility toward a wide range of chemical to biological molecules, low toxicity, and tunable properties. Especially for biosensor technology, the characteristic features of each dimensionality of carbon-based materials may influence the performance and viability of their use. Surface area, porous network, hybridization, functionalization, synthesis route, the combination of dimensionalities, purity levels, and the mechanisms underlying carbon nanomaterial interactions influence their applications in bioanalytical chemistry. Efforts are being made to fully understand how nanomaterials can influence biological interactions, to develop commercially viable biosensors, and to gain knowledge on the biomolecular processes associated with carbon. Here, we present a comprehensive review highlighting the characteristic features of the dimensionality of carbon-based materials in biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karla P. R. Castro
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400 Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 Brazil
| | - Rafael N. P. Colombo
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400 Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 Brazil
| | - Rodrigo M. Iost
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400 Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 Brazil
| | - Beatriz G. R. da Silva
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400 Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 Brazil
| | - Frank N. Crespilho
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722São Carlos Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400 Parque Arnold Schimidt, São Carlos, SP 13566-590 Brazil
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28
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Dong Y, Liu TL, Chen S, Nithianandam P, Matar K, Li J. A "Two-Part" Resonance Circuit Based Detachable Sweat Patch for Noninvasive Biochemical and Biophysical Sensing. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2023; 33:2210136. [PMID: 37521161 PMCID: PMC10373531 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202210136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Wearable electronics play important roles in noninvasive, continuous, and personalized monitoring of multiple biosignals generated by the body. To unleash their full potential for next-generation human centered bio-integrated electronics, the wireless sensing capability is a desirable feature. However, state-of-the-art wireless sensing technologies exploit rigid and bulky electronic modules for power supply, signal generation, and data transmission. This study reports a battery-free device technology based on a "two-part" resonance circuit model with modularized, physically separated, and detachable functional units for magnetic coupling and biosensing. The resulting platform combines advantages of electronics and microfluidics with low cost, minimized form factors, and improved performance stability. Demonstration of a detachable sweat patch capable of simultaneous recording of cortisol concentration, pH value, and temperature highlights the potential of the "two-part" circuit for advanced, transformative biosensing. The resulting wireless sensors provide a new engineering solution to monitoring biosignals through intimate and seamless integration with skin surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Dong
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Tzu-Li Liu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Shulin Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Prasad Nithianandam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Keyan Matar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Jinghua Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chronic Brain Injury Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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29
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Ye S, You Q, Song S, Wang H, Wang C, Zhu L, Yang Y. Nanostructures and Nanotechnologies for the Detection of Extracellular Vesicle. Adv Biol (Weinh) 2023; 7:e2200201. [PMID: 36394211 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.202200201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Liquid biopsy has been taken as a minimally invasive examination and a promising surrogate to the clinically applied tissue-based test for the diagnosis and molecular analysis of cancer. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carry complex molecular information from the tumor, allowing for the multicomponent analysis of cancer and would be beneficial to personalized medicine. In this review, the advanced nanomaterials and nanotechniques for the detection and molecular profiling of EVs, highlight the advantages of nanotechnology in the high-purity isolation and the high-sensitive and high-specific identification of EVs, are summarized. An outlook on the clinical application of nanotechnology-based liquid biopsy in the diagnosis, prognostication, and surveillance of cancer is also provided. It provides information for developing liquid biopsy based on EVs by discussing the advantages and challenges of functionalized nanomaterials and various nanotechnologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyuan Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Qing You
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuya Song
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Huayi Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,Translational Medicine Center, Chinese Institute for Brain Research (CIBR), Beijing, 102206, P. R. China
| | - Chen Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yanlian Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Key Laboratory of Biological Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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30
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Taylor ML, Giacalone AG, Amrhein KD, Wilson RE, Wang Y, Huang X. Nanomaterials for Molecular Detection and Analysis of Extracellular Vesicles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:524. [PMID: 36770486 PMCID: PMC9920192 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel resource of biomarkers for cancer and certain other diseases. Probing EVs in body fluids has become of major interest in the past decade in the development of a new-generation liquid biopsy for cancer diagnosis and monitoring. However, sensitive and specific molecular detection and analysis are challenging, due to the small size of EVs, low amount of antigens on individual EVs, and the complex biofluid matrix. Nanomaterials have been widely used in the technological development of protein and nucleic acid-based EV detection and analysis, owing to the unique structure and functional properties of materials at the nanometer scale. In this review, we summarize various nanomaterial-based analytical technologies for molecular EV detection and analysis. We discuss these technologies based on the major types of nanomaterials, including plasmonic, fluorescent, magnetic, organic, carbon-based, and certain other nanostructures. For each type of nanomaterial, functional properties are briefly described, followed by the applications of the nanomaterials for EV biomarker detection, profiling, and analysis in terms of detection mechanisms.
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31
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Chen Y, Kong D, Qiu L, Wu Y, Dai C, Luo S, Huang Z, Lin Q, Chen H, Xie S, Geng L, Zhao J, Tan W, Liu Y, Wei D. Artificial Nucleotide Aptamer-Based Field-Effect Transistor for Ultrasensitive Detection of Hepatoma Exosomes. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1446-1453. [PMID: 36577081 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An aptamer-based field-effect transistor (Apta-FET) is a well-developed assay method with high selectivity and sensitivity. Due to the limited information density that natural nucleotide library holds, the Apta-FET faces fundamental restriction in universality to detect various types of analytes. Herein, we demonstrate a type of Apta-FET sensors based on an artificial nucleotide aptamer (AN-Apta-FET). The introduction of an artificial nucleotide increases the diversity of the potential aptamer structure and expands the analyte category of the Apta-FET. The AN-Apta-FET specifically detects hepatoma exosomes, which traditional Apta-FET fails to discriminate from other tumor-derived exosomes, with a limit of detection down to 242 particles mL-1. The AN-Apta-FET distinguishes serum samples of hepatocellular carcinoma patients within 9 min from those of healthy people, showing the potential as a comprehensive assay tool in future disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Derong Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Liping Qiu
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yungen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Changhao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Shi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Zhipeng Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Qiuyuan Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Sitao Xie
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Li Geng
- Department of Special Treatment, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Special Treatment, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Weihong Tan
- Molecular Science and Biomedicine Laboratory (MBL), State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Biology, Aptamer Engineering Center of Hunan Province, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yunqi Liu
- Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Dacheng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China.,Institute of Molecular Materials and Devices, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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Singh S, Podder PS, Russo M, Henry C, Cinti S. Tailored point-of-care biosensors for liquid biopsy in the field of oncology. LAB ON A CHIP 2022; 23:44-61. [PMID: 36321747 DOI: 10.1039/d2lc00666a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the field of cancer detection, technologies to analyze tumors using biomarkers circulating in fluids such as blood have developed rapidly based on liquid biopsy. A proactive approach to early cancer detection can lead to more effective treatments with minimal side effects and better long-term patient survival. However, early detection of cancer is hindered by the existing limitations of conventional cancer diagnostic methods. To enable early diagnosis and regular monitoring and improve automation, the development of integrated point-of-care (POC) and biosensors is needed. This is expected to fundamentally change the diagnosis, management, and monitoring of response to treatment of cancer. POC-based techniques will provide a way to avoid complications that occur after invasive tissue biopsy, such as bleeding, infection, and pain. The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive view of biosensors and their clinical relevance in oncology for the detection of biomarkers with liquid biopsies of proteins, miRNA, ctDNA, exosomes, and cancer cells. The preceding discussion also illustrates the changing landscape of liquid biopsy-based cancer diagnosis through nanomaterials, machine learning, artificial intelligence, wearable devices, and sensors, many of which apply POC design principles. With the advent of sensitive, selective, and timely detection of cancer, we see the field of POC technology for cancer detection and treatment undergoing a positive paradigm shift in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Singh
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Pritam Saha Podder
- Department of Pharmacy, Jahangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka-1342, Bangladesh
| | - Matt Russo
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1872, USA
| | - Charles Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, 80523-1872, USA
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
- BAT Center-Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Napoli Federico II, 80055 Naples, Italy
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Lee CS, Gwyther REA, Freeley M, Jones D, Palma M. Fabrication and Functionalisation of Nanocarbon-Based Field-Effect Transistor Biosensors. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200282. [PMID: 36193790 PMCID: PMC10092808 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Nanocarbon-based field-effect transistor (NC-FET) biosensors are at the forefront of future diagnostic technology. By integrating biological molecules with electrically conducting carbon-based platforms, high sensitivity real-time multiplexed sensing is possible. Combined with their small footprint, portability, ease of use, and label-free sensing mechanisms, NC-FETs are prime candidates for the rapidly expanding areas of point-of-care testing, environmental monitoring and biosensing as a whole. In this review we provide an overview of the basic operational mechanisms behind NC-FETs, synthesis and fabrication of FET devices, and developments in functionalisation strategies for biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Seuk Lee
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Rebecca E A Gwyther
- Molecular Biosciences Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Mark Freeley
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Dafydd Jones
- Molecular Biosciences Division, School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF10 3AX, UK
| | - Matteo Palma
- Department of Chemistry, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
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Lu Z, Ni W, Liu N, Jin D, Li T, Li K, Zhang Y, Yao Q, Zhang GJ. CRISPR/Cas12a-based fluorescence biosensor for detection of exosomal miR-21 derived from lung cancer. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.108370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Lin B, Jiang J, Jia J, Zhou X. Recent Advances in Exosomal miRNA Biosensing for Liquid Biopsy. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27217145. [PMID: 36363975 PMCID: PMC9655350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
As a noninvasive detection technique, liquid biopsy plays a valuable role in cancer diagnosis, disease monitoring, and prognostic assessment. In liquid biopsies, exosomes are considered among the potential biomarkers because they are important bioinformation carriers for intercellular communication. Exosomes transport miRNAs and, thus, play an important role in the regulation of cell growth and function; therefore, detection of cancer cell-derived exosomal miRNAs (exo-miRNAs) gives effective information in liquid biopsy. The development of sensitive, convenient, and reliable exo-miRNA assays will provide new perspectives for medical diagnosis. This review presents different designs and detection strategies of recent exo-miRNA assays in terms of signal transduction and amplification, as well as signal detection. In addition, this review outlines the current attempts at bioassay methods in liquid biopsies. Lastly, the challenges and prospects of exosome bioassays are also considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqian Lin
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (X.Z.)
| | - Jinting Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Jingxuan Jia
- College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Xiang Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
- Correspondence: (B.L.); (X.Z.)
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Eswaran M, Chokkiah B, Pandit S, Rahimi S, Dhanusuraman R, Aleem M, Mijakovic I. A Road Map toward Field-Effect Transistor Biosensor Technology for Early Stage Cancer Detection. SMALL METHODS 2022; 6:e2200809. [PMID: 36068169 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202200809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Field effect transistor (FET)-based nanoelectronic biosensor devices provide a viable route for specific and sensitive detection of cancer biomarkers, which can be used for early stage cancer detection, monitoring the progress of the disease, and evaluating the effectiveness of therapies. On the road to implementation of FET-based devices in cancer diagnostics, several key issues need to be addressed: sensitivity, selectivity, operational conditions, anti-interference, reusability, reproducibility, disposability, large-scale production, and economic viability. To address these well-known issues, significant research efforts have been made recently. An overview of these efforts is provided here, highlighting the approaches and strategies presently engaged at each developmental stage, from the design and fabrication of devices to performance evaluation and data analysis. Specifically, this review discusses the multistep fabrication of FETs, choice of bioreceptors for relevant biomarkers, operational conditions, measurement configuration, and outlines strategies to improve the sensing performance and reach the level required for clinical applications. Finally, this review outlines the expected progress to the future generation of FET-based diagnostic devices and discusses their potential for detection of cancer biomarkers as well as biomarkers of other noncommunicable and communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthusankar Eswaran
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Bavatharani Chokkiah
- Nanoelectrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, 609609, India
| | - Santosh Pandit
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Shadi Rahimi
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ragupathy Dhanusuraman
- Nanoelectrochemistry Lab, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Puducherry, Karaikal, 609609, India
| | - Mahaboobbatcha Aleem
- Department of Electrical Engineering, City College of New York, New York, 10031, USA
| | - Ivan Mijakovic
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296, Göteborg, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800, Lyngby, Denmark
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Zhang C, Sun C, Zhao Y, Wang Q, Guo J, Ye B, Yu G. Overview of MicroRNAs as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers for High-Incidence Cancers in 2021. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911389. [PMID: 36232692 PMCID: PMC9570028 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) about 22 nucleotides in size, which play an important role in gene regulation and are involved in almost all major cellular physiological processes. In recent years, the abnormal expression of miRNAs has been shown to be associated with human diseases including cancer. In the past ten years, the link between miRNAs and various cancers has been extensively studied, and the abnormal expression of miRNAs has been reported in various malignant tumors, such as lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. Due to the high malignancy grade of these cancers, it is more necessary to develop the related diagnostic and prognostic methods. According to the study of miRNAs, many potential cancer biomarkers have been proposed for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases, especially cancer, thus providing a new theoretical basis and perspective for cancer screening. The use of miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis or prognosis of cancer has the advantages of being less invasive to patients, with better accuracy and lower price. In view of the important clinical significance of miRNAs in human cancer research, this article reviewed the research status of miRNAs in the above-mentioned cancers in 2021, especially in terms of diagnosis and prognosis, and provided some new perspectives and theoretical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Caifang Sun
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yabin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Qiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Jianlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Bingyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Correspondence: (B.Y.); (G.Y.)
| | - Guoying Yu
- State Key Laboratory Cell Differentiation and Regulation, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Henan Center for Outstanding Overseas Scientists of Pulmonary Fibrosis, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Institute of Biomedical Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Correspondence: (B.Y.); (G.Y.)
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Sensors Based on the Carbon Nanotube Field-Effect Transistors for Chemical and Biological Analyses. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12100776. [PMID: 36290914 PMCID: PMC9599861 DOI: 10.3390/bios12100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Nano biochemical sensors play an important role in detecting the biomarkers related to human diseases, and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have become an important factor in promoting the vigorous development of this field due to their special structure and excellent electronic properties. This paper focuses on applying carbon nanotube field-effect transistor (CNT-FET) biochemical sensors to detect biomarkers. Firstly, the preparation method, physical and electronic properties and functional modification of CNTs are introduced. Then, the configuration and sensing mechanism of CNT-FETs are introduced. Finally, the latest progress in detecting nucleic acids, proteins, cells, gases and ions based on CNT-FET sensors is summarized.
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Carbon Nanotube and Its Derived Nanomaterials Based High Performance Biosensing Platform. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090731. [PMID: 36140116 PMCID: PMC9496036 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
After the COVID-19 pandemic, the development of an accurate diagnosis and monitoring of diseases became a more important issue. In order to fabricate high-performance and sensitive biosensors, many researchers and scientists have used many kinds of nanomaterials such as metal nanoparticles (NPs), metal oxide NPs, quantum dots (QDs), and carbon nanomaterials including graphene and carbon nanotubes (CNTs). Among them, CNTs have been considered important biosensing channel candidates due to their excellent physical properties such as high electrical conductivity, strong mechanical properties, plasmonic properties, and so on. Thus, in this review, CNT-based biosensing systems are introduced and various sensing approaches such as electrochemical, optical, and electrical methods are reported. Moreover, such biosensing platforms showed excellent sensitivity and high selectivity against not only viruses but also virus DNA structures. So, based on the amazing potential of CNTs-based biosensing systems, healthcare and public health can be significantly improved.
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A novel conductive nanocomposite-based biosensor for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA-21 in serum, using methylene blue as mediator. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 148:108256. [PMID: 36081272 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (miRNA-21) is a common biomarker with high expression in breast tumors. Therefore, sensitive detection of miRNA-21 is of great significance for clinical breast tumor diagnosis. A TH/rGO/CMK-3/AuNPs nanocomposite is composed of thionine (TH), reduced graphene oxide (rGO), ordered mesoporous carbon (CMK-3), and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), which help to increase the specific surface area of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) and to amplify the DPV signal. Meanwhile, methylene blue (MB) was combined with the capture probe guanine and absorbed by the composite material to mediate the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) of the obtained miRNA biosensor. The current response decreased with increasing miRNA-21 concentration under optimal conditions. The biosensor responds to miRNA-21 in the 0.1fM-1 pM concentration range, and the detection limit (LOD) was 0.046 fM. Moreover, human serum samples were effectively detected utilizing the miRNA-21 biosensor with satisfactory results.
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Yi K, Yu Y, Tan S, Zhang J, Ye T, Liu N, Tang X, Zhang L, Huang S. A regulatable gap-electrical DNA sensor based on gold nanorods and single-walled carbon nanotubes. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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42
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Bioprobes-regulated precision biosensing of exosomes: From the nanovesicle surface to the inside. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Liang TT, Qin X, Xiang Y, Tang Y, Yang F. Advances in nucleic acids-scaffolded electrical sensing of extracellular vesicle biomarkers. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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