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Chinnappan R, Makhzoum T, Arai M, Hajja A, Abul Rub F, Alodhaibi I, Alfuwais M, Elahi MA, Alshehri EA, Ramachandran L, Mani NK, Abrahim S, Mir MS, Al-Kattan K, Mir TA, Yaqinuddin A. Recent Advances in Biosensor Technology for Early-Stage Detection of Hepatocellular Carcinoma-Specific Biomarkers: An Overview. Diagnostics (Basel) 2024; 14:1519. [PMID: 39061656 PMCID: PMC11276200 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14141519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is currently the most common malignancy of the liver. It typically occurs due to a series of oncogenic mutations that lead to aberrant cell replication. Most commonly, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) occurs as a result of pre-occurring liver diseases, such as hepatitis and cirrhosis. Given its aggressive nature and poor prognosis, the early screening and diagnosis of HCC are crucial. However, due to its plethora of underlying risk factors and pathophysiologies, patient presentation often varies in the early stages, with many patients presenting with few, if any, specific symptoms in the early stages. Conventionally, screening and diagnosis are performed through radiological examination, with diagnosis confirmed by biopsy. Imaging modalities tend to be limited by their requirement of large, expensive equipment; time-consuming operation; and a lack of accurate diagnosis, whereas a biopsy's invasive nature makes it unappealing for repetitive use. Recently, biosensors have gained attention for their potential to detect numerous conditions rapidly, cheaply, accurately, and without complex equipment and training. Through their sensing platforms, they aim to detect various biomarkers, such as nucleic acids, proteins, and even whole cells extracted by a liquid biopsy. Numerous biosensors have been developed that may detect HCC in its early stages. We discuss the recent updates in biosensing technology, highlighting its competitive potential compared to conventional methodology and its prospects as a tool for screening and diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Chinnappan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
- Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS Laboratory, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence (TR&I-Dpt), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Tariq Makhzoum
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Momo Arai
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Amro Hajja
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Farah Abul Rub
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Ibrahim Alodhaibi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Mohammed Alfuwais
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Muhammad Affan Elahi
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
| | - Eman Abdullah Alshehri
- Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS Laboratory, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence (TR&I-Dpt), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Lohit Ramachandran
- Microfluidics, Sensors & Diagnostics (μSenD) Laboratory, Centre for Microfluidics, Biomarkers, Photoceutics and Sensors (μBioPS), Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; (L.R.); (N.K.M.)
| | - Naresh Kumar Mani
- Microfluidics, Sensors & Diagnostics (μSenD) Laboratory, Centre for Microfluidics, Biomarkers, Photoceutics and Sensors (μBioPS), Department of Biotechnology, Manipal Institute of Technology, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; (L.R.); (N.K.M.)
| | - Shugufta Abrahim
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Education, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama 930-8555, Japan;
| | - Mohammad Shabab Mir
- School of Pharmacy, Desh Bhagat University, Mandi Gobindgarh 147301, Punjab, India;
| | - Khaled Al-Kattan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
- Lung Health Centre Department, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanveer Ahmad Mir
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
- Tissue/Organ Bioengineering & BioMEMS Laboratory, Organ Transplant Centre of Excellence (TR&I-Dpt), King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Yaqinuddin
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh 11533, Saudi Arabia; (T.M.); (M.A.); (A.H.); (F.A.R.); (I.A.); (M.A.); (M.A.E.); (K.A.-K.); (T.A.M.)
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Dou B, Wang K, Chen Y, Wang P. Programmable DNA Nanomachine Integrated with Electrochemically Controlled Atom Transfer Radical Polymerization for Antibody Detection at Picomolar Level. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10594-10600. [PMID: 38904276 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The quantitative detection of antibodies is crucial for the diagnosis of infectious and autoimmune diseases, while the traditional methods experience high background signal noise and restricted signal gain. In this work, we have developed a highly efficient electrochemical biosensor by constructing a programmable DNA nanomachine integrated with electrochemically controlled atom transfer radical polymerization (eATRP). The sensor works by binding the target antidigoxin antibody (anti-Dig) to the epitope of the recognization probe, which then initiates the cascaded strand displacement reaction on a magnetic bead, leading to the capture of cupric oxide (CuO) nanoparticles through magnetic separation. After CuO was dissolved, the eATRP initiators were attached to the electrode based on the CuΙ-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition. The subsequent eATRP reaction results in the formation of long electroactive polymers (poly-FcMMA), producing an amplified current response for sensitive detection of anti-Dig. This method achieved a detection limit at clinically relevant picomolar concentration in human serum, offering a sensitive, convenient, and cost-effective tool for detecting various biomarkers in a wide range of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoting Dou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Keming Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
| | - Po Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China
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Li M, Gao X, Ren X, Ai Y, Zhang B, Zou G. Potential-selective electrochemiluminescence of AgInS 2/ZnS nanocrystals and its immunoassay application. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4958-4961. [PMID: 38629343 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00888j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Potential-selective electrochemiluminescence (ECL) with tunable maximum-emission-potential ranging from 0.95 to 0.30 V is achieved using AgInS2/ZnS nanocrystals, which is promising in the design of multiplexed bioassay on commercialized ECL setups. The model system AgInS2/ZnS/N2H4 exhibits efficient ECL around 0.30 V and can be exploited for sensitive immunoassays with less electrochemical interference and crosstalk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengwei Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Xuwen Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoxuan Ren
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Yaojia Ai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Bin Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
| | - Guizheng Zou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, P. R. China.
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Yin M, Jiao J, Lu L, Hu B, Xue L, Dai F, Wang X, Wang Z, Wang T, Chen Q. A simultaneous strategy with multiple-signal amplification and self-calibration for ultrasensitive assay of miRNA-21 based on 3D MNPs-IL-rGO-AuNPs. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 249:116009. [PMID: 38199082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNA-21 (miRNA-21) is a significant biomarker for the development and progression of diverse cancers but is present in relatively low concentrations. Detecting such low-abundance molecules accurately can be challenging, especially in early-stage cancers where the concentration may be even lower. Herein, a self-calibration biosensing platform based on 3D novel MNPs-IL-rGO-AuNPs nanocomposites was successfully established for the ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-21. Duplex-specific nuclease (DSN) was introduced to recognize perfectly matched duplexes and trigger target recycling, enhancing the specificity and sensitivity of the biosensor. DSN-assisted target recycling, in conjunction with magnetic separation enrichment and high-performance MNPs-IL-rGO-AuNPs, collectively formed a multiple-signal amplification strategy. The obtained biosensor could output dual signals in both electrochemical and fluorescent modes, enabling self-correcting detection to enhance the accuracy. The obtained dual-mode biosensor prepared exhibited a wide detection range from 5 fM to 100 nM with a remarkably low LOD of 1.601 fM. It accomplished the sensitive evaluation of miRNA-21 in total RNA extracted from various human cancer cell lines and normal cell lines. Additionally, the greatly satisfactory outcomes in the analysis of human serum samples suggested that the proposed biosensor was a powerful screening candidate in early clinical diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengai Yin
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Jun Jiao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
| | - Lina Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Bingxin Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Lan Xue
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Fuju Dai
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Xiangrui Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Zhijie Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Tong Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China
| | - Qiang Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Nankai University, Weijin Road No.94, Tianjin, 300071, PR China.
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Yu X, Cao Y, Zhao Y, Xia J, Yang J, Xu Y, Zhao J. Proximity Amplification-Enabled Electrochemical Analysis of Tumor-Associated Glycoprotein Biomarkers. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15900-15907. [PMID: 37862681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Glycoproteins produced and secreted from specific cells and tissues are associated with several diseases and emerge as typical biomarkers to provide useful information in cancer diagnosis considering their abnormal expression levels. In this work, we design a universal method to achieve the accurate and sensitive analysis of tumor-associated glycoprotein biomarkers based on both carbohydrate recognition and protein recognition at the same protein surface. The byproduct of dual recognition-induced proximity amplification, pyrophosphate, triggers the disassembly of methylene blue-encapsulated metal-organic frameworks, MB@ZIF-90. As a result, methylene blue molecules are released to arouse amplified electrochemical responses for glycoprotein analysis. Experimental results demonstrate the high-accuracy analysis of carcinoembryonic antigen, a typical glycoprotein biomarker in cancer diagnosis, in a linear range of 0.001-100 ng mL-1 with a low limit of detection of 0.419 pg mL-1. The method also displays satisfactory specificity and recoveries in complex serum samples and proves good versatility by adopting two other tumor-associated glycoprotein biomarkers, α-fetoprotein and mucin-1, as the targets. Therefore, this work provides a valuable tool for the analysis of glycoprotein biomarkers, which may be of great potential in early warning of malignant tumors in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Ya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yingyan Zhao
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jianan Xia
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Center for Molecular Recognition and Biosensing, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair, School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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Wan J, Liang Y, Hu Q, Liang Z, Feng W, Tian Y, Li S, Ye Z, Hong M, Han D, Niu L. Amplification-Free Ratiometric Electrochemical Aptasensor for Point-of-Care Detection of Therapeutic Monoclonal Antibodies. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14094-14100. [PMID: 37672684 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
The rapid quantification of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) is of great significance to their pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD) research and the personalized medication for disease treatment. Taking advantage of the direct decoration of tens of redox tags to the target of interest, we illustrate herein an amplification-free ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor for the point-of-care (POC) detection of trace amounts of therapeutic mAbs. The POC detection of therapeutic mAbs involved the use of the methylene blue (MB)-conjugated aptamer as the affinity element and the decoration of therapeutic mAbs with ferrocene (Fc) tags via the boronate crosslinking, in which the MB-derived peak current was used as the reference signal, and the peak current of the Fc tag was used as the output signal. As each therapeutic mAb carries tens of diol sites for the site-specific decoration of the Fc output tags, the boronate crosslinking enabled the amplification-free detection, which is cost-effective and quite simple in operation. In the presence of bevacizumab (BevMab) as the target, the resulting ratiometric signal (i.e., the IFc/IMB value) exhibited a good linear response over the range of 0.025-2.5 μg/mL, and the limit of detection (LOD) of the electrochemical aptasensor was 6.5 ng/mL. Results indicated that the aptamer-based affinity recognition endowed the detection of therapeutic mAbs with high selectivity, while the ratiometric readout exhibited satisfactory reproducibility and robustness. Moreover, the ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor is applicable to the detection of therapeutic mAbs in serum samples. Taking together, the amplification-free ratiometric electrochemical aptasensor holds great promise in the POC detection of therapeutic mAbs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianwen Wan
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yiyi Liang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Hu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Liang
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wenxing Feng
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yiyan Tian
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhuojun Ye
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Mingru Hong
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dongxue Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Li Niu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, P. R. China
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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7
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Hu Q, Wan J, Liang Z, Li S, Feng W, Liang Y, Luo Y, Cao X, Ma Y, Han D, Niu L. Dually Amplified Electrochemical Aptasensor for Endotoxin Detection via Target-Assisted Electrochemically Mediated ATRP. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5463-5469. [PMID: 36921250 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
As the entering of bacterial endotoxin into blood can cause various life-threatening pathological conditions, the screening and detection of low-abundance endotoxin are of great importance to human health. Taking advantage of signal amplification by target-assisted electrochemically mediated atom transfer radical polymerization (teATRP), we illustrate herein a simple and cost-effective electrochemical aptasensor capable of detecting endotoxin with high sensitivity and selectivity. Specifically, the aptamer receptor was employed for the selective capture of endotoxin, of which the glycan chain was then decorated with ATRP initiators via covalent coupling between the diol sites and phenylboronic acid (PBA) group, followed by the recruitment of ferrocene signal reporters via the grafting of polymer chains through potentiostatic eATRP under ambient temperature. As the glycan chain of endotoxin can be decorated with hundreds of ATRP initiators while the further grafting of polymer chains through eATRP can recruit hundreds to thousands of signal reporters to each initiator-decorated site, the teATRP-based strategy allows for the dual amplification of the detection signal. This dually amplified electrochemical aptasensor has the ability to sensitively and selectively detect endotoxin at a concentration as low as 1.2 fg/mL, and its practical applicability has been further demonstrated using human serum samples. Owing to the simplicity, high efficiency, biocompatibility, and inexpensiveness of the teATRP-based amplification strategy, this electrochemical aptasensor holds great application potential in the sensitive and selective detection of low-abundance endotoxin and many other glycan chain-containing bio-targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Hu
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jianwen Wan
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Liang
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wenxing Feng
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yiyi Liang
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Luo
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Cao
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yingming Ma
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dongxue Han
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Li Niu
- Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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8
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Hu Q, Feng W, Liang Y, Liang Z, Cao X, Li S, Luo Y, Wan J, Ma Y, Han D, Niu L. Boronate Affinity-Amplified Electrochemical Aptasensing of Lipopolysaccharide. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17733-17738. [PMID: 36475636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
As lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is closely associated with sepsis and other life-threatening conditions, the point-of-care (POC) detection of LPS is of significant importance to human health. In this work, we illustrate an electrochemical aptasensor for the POC detection of low-abundance LPS by utilizing boronate affinity (BA) as a simple, efficient, and cost-effective amplification strategy. Briefly, the BA-amplified electrochemical aptasensing of LPS involves the tethering of the aptamer receptors and the BA-mediated direct decoration of LPS with redox signal tags. As the polysaccharide chain of LPS contains hundreds of cis-diol sites, the covalent crosslinking between the phenylboronic acid group and cis-diol sites can be harnessed for the site-specific decoration of each LPS with hundreds of redox signal tags, thereby enabling amplified detection. As it involves only a single-step operation (∼15 min), the BA-mediated signal amplification holds the significant advantages of unrivaled simplicity, rapidness, and cost-effectiveness over the conventional nanomaterial- and enzyme-based strategies. The BA-amplified electrochemical aptasensor has been successfully applied to specifically detect LPS within 45 min, with a detection limit of 0.34 pg/mL. Moreover, the clinical utility has been validated based on LPS detection in complex serum samples. As a proof of concept, a portable device has been developed to showcase the potential applicability of the BA-amplified electrochemical LPS aptasensor in the POC testing. In view of its simplicity, rapidness, and cost-effectiveness, the BA-amplified electrochemical LPS aptasensor holds broad application prospects in the POC testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Hu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wenxing Feng
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yiyi Liang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhiwen Liang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojing Cao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Shiqi Li
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yilin Luo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jianwen Wan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yingming Ma
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Dongxue Han
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Li Niu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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