1
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Mao P, Song Y, Zhao X, Wu W, Wang Y. A Ratiometric Benzimidazole-Based Fluorescent Probe for The Recognition of Phosgene in Solution and Gaseous Phases. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03847-x. [PMID: 39007931 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03847-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Considering the high toxicity and widespread application of phosgene, there is an urgent need to develop a simple and sensitive method for detecting phosgene. In this work, we designed and synthesized a novel ratiometric fluorescent probe 1 containing fluorophores of benzimidazole and benzothiazole. Probe 1 showed excellent sensitivity (< 30 s) and selectivity (LOD = 3.82 nM) for phosgene and significant ratiometric fluorescence changes. In addition, 1-loaded polystyrene membrane test strips were used to conveniently and efficiently detect phosgene gas (0.5 ppm) via the naked eye and the RGB APP of the smartphone, indicating that this probe has great potential for phosgene detection in the gaseous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandong Mao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, PR China
- Henan Key Laboratory of Industrial Microbial Resources and Fermentation Technology, School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, PR China
| | - Yufei Song
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, PR China
| | - Xiaolei Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, PR China
| | - Weina Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, PR China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo, 454000, PR China.
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2
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Sevinç G, Doğan E, Mansuroğlu S, Gurbanov R. Synthesis and Photophysical Characterizations of Benzimidazole Functionalized BODIPY Dyes. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03688-8. [PMID: 38587711 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03688-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a series of new BODIPY dyes substituted by 2-phenyl benzimidazole units at the meso (C8) position including methyl/ethyl, phenyl, or p-methoxyphenyl moieties at the distal and proximal positions of the BODIPY core have been successfully synthesized and their photophysical characteristics were analyzed. Experimentally investigating absorption and fluorescence profiles in the THF media was followed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations to clarify photophysical features. Theoretical analyses have revealed that upon excitation, both electrons and holes are confined solely within the BODIPY core. The energy levels of the frontier molecular orbitals converge depending on the presence of the phenyl and p-methoxyphenyl substituents. The orbital distributions of both electron and hole were in the -3 and -5 positions, which demonstrates a continuous conjugation with the BODIPY core at these sites. However, the electron density present on the phenyl rings located at the -1, -7, and -8 (meso) positions was found to be negligible. The benzimidazole-BODIPYs exhibited photodynamic activity (Φ∆) ranging from ~ 7% to ~ 11%, determined by a comparative method. Moreover, the compounds have shown to maintain their stability thermally in a non-reactive/inert environment up to temperatures surpassing 300 °C, exhibiting primarily a two-phase decomposition process. These compounds have the potential to function as antibacterial and anti-biofilm agents when used in concentrations ranging from 0.5 to 2.0 mg/mL. The results provide a basis for evaluating heterocyclic benzimidazole units on photophysical processes containing BODIPY chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökhan Sevinç
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, TR, 11100, Bilecik, Turkey.
| | - Emine Doğan
- Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, TR, 11100, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Sina Mansuroğlu
- Department of Bioengineering, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Engineering Faculty, TR, 11100, Bilecik, Turkey
| | - Rafig Gurbanov
- Department of Bioengineering, Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, Engineering Faculty, TR, 11100, Bilecik, Turkey.
- Central Research Laboratory (BARUM), Bilecik Seyh Edebali University, 11100, Bilecik, Turkey.
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3
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Kong X, Zhao J, Yang L, Wang F, Sun Z. A novel 2-(2-aminophenyl) imidazo [1,5-a] pyridine-based fluorescent probe for rapid detection of phosgene. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:329-339. [PMID: 37987768 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-05039-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Phosgene is a highly concealed and highly toxic gas that seriously threatens human health and public security. Therefore, the detection of phosgene is of great significance to world security. Herein, a new type of fluorescent probe based on 2-(2-aminophenyl) imidazo [1,5-a] pyridine is reported for the rapid detection of phosgene. The probe itself only emits a faint green fluorescence, while phosgene allows it to produce a strong blue fluorescence. During the recognition process, phosgene interacts simultaneously with both amino site and imidazole moiety in the probe molecule, resulting in a four-ring-fused rigid structure with high fluorescence quantum yield. The probe not only has the characteristics of high efficiency, high sensitivity (detection limit 2.68 nM), and high selectivity, but also has remarkable spectral changes. Finally, a portable test strip is used to detect phosgene in the gas phase, and the fluorescent color change of the test strip can be easily observed. The most exciting thing is that the portable test strip with the probe PMPY-NH2 can produce a strong fluorescence response to 1 ppm of phosgene, which is far lower than the level of phosgene that seriously threatens to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojian Kong
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials, Jining University, Qufu, 273155, China.
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, China.
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4
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Lalitha R, Wu SP, Velmathi S. Ratiometric Fluorescent Probe for the Detection of Nanomolar Phosgene in Solution and Gaseous Phase: Advancing Crime Detection Applications. Chem Res Toxicol 2023; 36:2010-2018. [PMID: 37994028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Phosgene, an exceptionally hazardous gas, poses a grave concern for the health and safety of the general public. The present study describes a fluorescent ratiometric probe for phosgene employing 2-(naphthalen-2-yl) benzo[d]oxazol-5-amine (NOA) with an amino group as the recognition site. NOA detects phosgene through the intramolecular charge transfer mechanism. The electron-rich amine group of NOA attacks the electrophilic carbonyl group of phosgene, resulting in a quick response within 20 s. NOA demonstrates a low detection limit of 60 nM while maintaining high selectivity and sensitivity toward phosgene. The final product was isolated and verified by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The probe can detect phosgene not just quickly in a solution environment but also in its solid state. The probe's applications in fingerprint imaging and bioimaging are also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raguraman Lalitha
- Organic and Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
| | - Shu Pao Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, ROC
| | - Sivan Velmathi
- Organic and Polymer Synthesis Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
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5
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Hu X, Ke Y, Ye H, Zhu B, Rodrigues J, Sheng R. Toward public security monitoring: A perspective of optical molecular probes for phosgene and mustard gas detection. DYES AND PIGMENTS 2023; 216:111379. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2023.111379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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6
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Zhang Y, Qiu X, Wang B, Liu X, Cheng Y, Rong X, Kuang Y, Sun L, Liu J, Luck RL, Liu H. An effective fluorescent probe for detection of phosgene based on naphthalimide dyes in liquid and gaseous phases. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 289:122189. [PMID: 36512960 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A fluorescent probe was developed for the detection of phosgene based on 1,8-naphthalimide, of which o-diaminobenzene was used as the recognition moiety. The probe does not fluoresce due to nonradiative decay. The probe reacts rapidly with phosgene via an intramolecular cyclization reaction, which induces large fluorescence due to increased rigidity in the resulting molecule and a low detection limit (0.23 nM). This probe has excellent selectivity for phosgene against competing interference analytes and, in the form of probe-loaded test paper, is an extremely sensitive method for phosgene sensing in the gas phase below 1 ppm concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yibin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China.
| | - Xianyu Qiu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Boling Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China.
| | - Yueting Cheng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Rong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Yanhong Kuang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Lin Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling, Chongqing 408100, P. R. China
| | - Rudy L Luck
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, United States.
| | - Haiying Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931, United States.
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7
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Chen Q, Liu J, Liu S, Zhang J, He L, Liu R, Jiang H, Han X, Zhang K. Visual and Rapid Detection of Nerve Agent Mimics in Gas and Solution Phase by a Simple Fluorescent Probe. Anal Chem 2023; 95:4390-4394. [PMID: 36802493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023]
Abstract
Chemical nerve agents are highly toxic organophosphorus compounds that are easy to obtain and can be utilized by terrorists to threaten homeland security and human safety. Those organophosphorus nerve agents contain nucleophilic ability that can react with acetylcholinesterase leading to muscular paralysis and human death. Therefore, there is great importance to explore a reliable and simple method to detect chemical nerve agents. Herein, the o-phenylenediamine-linked dansyl chloride as a colorimetric and fluorescent probe has been prepared to detect specific chemical nerve agent stimulants in the solution and vapor phase. The o-phenylenediamine unit serves as a detection site that can react with diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP) in a rapid response within 2 min. A satisfied relationship line was obtained between fluorescent intensity and the concentration of DCP in the range of 0-90 μM. In the optimized conditions, we conducted the fluorescent titration to measure the limits of detection (0.082 μM) with the fluorescent enhancement up to 18-fold. Fluorescence titration and NMR studies were also conducted to explore the detection mechanism, indicating that the formation of phosphate ester causes the intensity of fluorescent change during the PET process. Finally, probe 1 coated with the paper test is utilized to detect DCP vapor and solution by the naked eye. We expect that this probe may give some admiration to design the small molecule organic probe and applied in the selectivity detection of chemical nerve agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243032, China
| | - Jiaxu Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243032, China
| | - Shengjun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243032, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243032, China
| | - Lifang He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243032, China
| | - Renyong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology of Anhui Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an 237012, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Xinya Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243032, China
| | - Kui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui 243032, China
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8
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Niu H, Liu J, O'Connor HM, Gunnlaugsson T, James TD, Zhang H. Photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) based fluorescent probes for cellular imaging and disease therapy. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:2322-2357. [PMID: 36811891 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01097b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Typical PeT-based fluorescent probes are multi-component systems where a fluorophore is connected to a recognition/activating group by an unconjugated linker. PeT-based fluorescent probes are powerful tools for cell imaging and disease diagnosis due to their low fluorescence background and significant fluorescence enhancement towards the target. This review provides research progress towards PeT-based fluorescent probes that target cell polarity, pH and biological species (reactive oxygen species, biothiols, biomacromolecules, etc.) over the last five years. In particular, we emphasise the molecular design strategies, mechanisms, and application of these probes. As such, this review aims to provide guidance and to enable researchers to develop new and improved PeT-based fluorescent probes, as well as promoting the use of PeT-based systems for sensing, imaging, and disease therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiyu Niu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China.
| | - Junwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China.
| | - Helen M O'Connor
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI), Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, 152-160 Pearse Street, Dublin 2, Ireland.
| | - Tony D James
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, P. R. China.
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9
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Meng WQ, Sedgwick AC, Kwon N, Sun M, Xiao K, He XP, Anslyn EV, James TD, Yoon J. Fluorescent probes for the detection of chemical warfare agents. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:601-662. [PMID: 36149439 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00650b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are toxic chemicals that have been intentionally developed for targeted and deadly use on humans. Although intended for military targets, the use of CWAs more often than not results in mass civilian casualties. To prevent further atrocities from occurring during conflicts, a global ban was implemented through the chemical weapons convention, with the aim of eliminating the development, stockpiling, and use of CWAs. Unfortunately, because of their relatively low cost, ease of manufacture and effectiveness on mass populations, CWAs still exist in today's world. CWAs have been used in several recent terrorist-related incidents and conflicts (e.g., Syria). Therefore, they continue to remain serious threats to public health and safety and to global peace and stability. Analytical methods that can accurately detect CWAs are essential to global security measures and for forensic analysis. Small molecule fluorescent probes have emerged as attractive chemical tools for CWA detection, due to their simplicity, ease of use, excellent selectivity and high sensitivity, as well as their ability to be translated into handheld devices. This includes the ability to non-invasively image CWA distribution within living systems (in vitro and in vivo) to permit in-depth evaluation of their biological interactions and allow potential identification of therapeutic countermeasures. In this review, we provide an overview of the various reported fluorescent probes that have been designed for the detection of CWAs. The mechanism for CWA detection, change in optical output and application for each fluorescent probe are described in detail. The limitations and challenges of currently developed fluorescent probes are discussed providing insight into the future development of this research area. We hope the information provided in this review will give readers a clear understanding of how to design a fluorescent probe for the detection of a specific CWA. We anticipate that this will advance our security systems and provide new tools for environmental and toxicology monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Meng
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Adam C Sedgwick
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Nahyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
| | - Mingxue Sun
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Kai Xiao
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xiao-Peng He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, China. .,The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
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10
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Feng W, Liu XJ, Xue MJ, Song QH. Bifunctional Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Mustard Gas and Phosgene. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1755-1763. [PMID: 36596643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mustard gas [sulfur mustard (SM)] and phosgene are the most frequently used chemical warfare agents (CWAs), which pose a serious threat to human health and national security, and their rapid and accurate detection is essential to respond to terrorist attacks and industrial accidents. Herein, we developed a fluorescent probe with o-hydroxythioketone as two sensing sites, AQso, which can detect and distinguish mustard gas and phosgene. The dual-sensing-site probe AQso reacts with mustard gas to form a cyclic product with high sensitivity [limit of detection (LOD) = 70 nM] and is highly selective to SM over phosgene, SM analogues, active alkylhalides, acylhalides, and nerve agent mimics, in ethanol solutions. When encountering phosgene, AQso rapidly converts to cyclic carbonate, which is sensitive (LOD = 14 nM) and highly selective. Their sensing mechanisms of AQso to mustard gas and phosgene were well demonstrated by separation and characterization of the sensing products. Furthermore, a facile test strip with the probe was prepared to distinguish 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) and phosgene in the gas phase by different fluorescence colors and response rates. Not using the complicated instrument, the qualitative and quantitative detection of CEES or phosgene can be achieved only by measuring the red-green-blue (RGB) channel intensity of the test strip after being exposed to CEES or phosgene gas by the smartphone with an RGB color application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Min-Jie Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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11
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Aksenova I, Pomogaev V. Stability of Dibromo-Dipyrromethene Complexes Coordinated with B, Zn, and Cd in Solutions of Various Acidities. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248815. [PMID: 36557945 PMCID: PMC9784619 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The spectral luminescent properties of dipyrromethenates halogenated with bromine on both ends of the long axis and coordinated using boron fluoride, zinc, or cadmium in neutral ethanol and acidified with hydrochloric acid solutions were studied. The constants of the acid-base equilibrium of the complexes in the proton-donor solvents in the ground and excited states was determined. The mechanisms of complex protonation were discussed, depending on the structure of the compounds. The electronic structures of the neutral and protonated compounds were modeled and analyzed based on the quantum-chemical method. The structures and spectral-luminescence properties were calculated using the SMD model of ethanol solvent using the TD-DFT theory with the B3LYP functional and the composite def2-SVP/def2-TZVP/def2-TZVPP_ECP basis sets, depending on the atomic number of the elements.
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12
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Liu B, Zhou M, Huang Y, Du B, Wang L, Xu Z, Qin T, Peng X. Rapid and ratiometric fluorescent detection of phosgene by a red-emissive ESIPT-based-benzoquinolone probe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 281:121619. [PMID: 35853258 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosgene is a highly toxic gas that poses a serious threat to human health and public safety. Therefore, it is of great importance to develop an available detection method enabling on-the-spot measurement of phosgene. In this paper, we report a novel ESIPT fluorescent probe for phosgene detection based on quinolone fluorophore. This probe exhibits rapid response (in 10 s), stable signal output (last for 10 min), high sensitivity (LOD ∼ 6.7 nM), and distinct emission color change (red to green) towards phosgene. The sensing mechanism was investigated by using 1H NMR, HRMS and fluorescence lifetime techniques, confirming that the amidation reaction between phosgene and quinolone effectively suppressed the ESIPT process of probe. Eventually, this probe was fabricated into polymer nanofibers by electrospinning and successfully employed to monitor gaseous phosgene with high specificity. This work provided a promising analytical tool for rapid and ratiometric detection of phosgene both in solution and in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| | - Mei Zhou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Yingying Huang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Bing Du
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
| | - Zhongyong Xu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| | - Tianyi Qin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China.
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, PR China
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13
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Solea AB, Curty C, Fromm KM, Allemann C, Mamula Steiner O. A Rapid, Highly Sensitive and Selective Phosgene Sensor Based on 5,6-Pinenepyridine. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201772. [PMID: 35731617 PMCID: PMC9804803 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity of phosgene (COCl2 ) combined with its extensive use as a reactant and building block in the chemical industry make its fast and accurate detection a prerequisite. We have developed a carboxylic derivative of 5,6-pinenepyridine which is able to act as colorimetric and fluorimetric sensor for phosgene in air and solution. For the first time, the formation of a pyrido-[2,1-a]isoindolone was used for this purpose. In solution, the sensing reaction is extremely fast (under 5 s), selective and highly sensitive, with a limit of detection (LOD) of 9.7 nM/0.8 ppb. When fixed on a solid support, the sensor is able to detect the presence of gaseous phosgene down to concentrations of 0.1 ppm, one of the lowest values reported to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atena B. Solea
- Haute école d'ingénierie et d'architectureHEIA-FRUniversity of Applied Sciences of Western SwitzerlandHES-SOPérolles 80CH-1705FribourgSwitzerland,Department of ChemistryUniversity of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700FribourgSwitzerland
| | | | - Katharina M. Fromm
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of FribourgChemin du Musée 91700FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Christophe Allemann
- Haute école d'ingénierie et d'architectureHEIA-FRUniversity of Applied Sciences of Western SwitzerlandHES-SOPérolles 80CH-1705FribourgSwitzerland
| | - Olimpia Mamula Steiner
- Haute école d'ingénierie et d'architectureHEIA-FRUniversity of Applied Sciences of Western SwitzerlandHES-SOPérolles 80CH-1705FribourgSwitzerland
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14
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Gautam A, Rawat P, Singh R, Flores Holguin NR. Synthesis, spectroscopic and evaluation of anticancer activity of new hydrazone-containing dipyrromethane using experimental and theoretical approaches. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.132781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Zhu B, Sheng R, Chen T, Rodrigues J, Song QH, Hu X, Zeng L. Molecular engineered optical probes for chemical warfare agents and their mimics: Advances, challenges and perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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16
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Molecular engineered optical probes for chemical warfare agents and their mimics: Advances, challenges and perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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17
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Mandal M, Guria UN, Halder S, Karak A, Banik D, Jana K, Kar A, Mahapatra AK. A dual-channel chemodosimetric sensor for discrimination between hypochlorite and nerve-agent mimic DCP: application on human breast cancer cells. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:4803-4814. [PMID: 35647766 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob00721e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A styryl bridge containing a triphenylamine-thioimidazole hydrazine-based dual-analyte-responsive fluorescent sensor was designed and synthesized for the detection of the nerve gas simulant diethyl chlorophosphate (DCP) and hypochlorite (OCl-) for the first time. Hypochlorite induces oxidative intramolecular cyclization to give a triazole structure, which exhibited blue fluorescence with excellent selectivity and a low detection limit (8.05 × 10-7 M) in solution. Conversely, the probe forms a phosphorylated intermediate with diethyl chlorophosphate, which undergoes further hydrolyzation and presents green fluorescence in a ratiometric mode with a low detection limit (3.56 × 10-8 M). Additionally, the as-designed sensor was utilized to construct a portable kit for real-time monitoring of DCP in a discriminatory, simple and safe manner. Lastly, the probe was also productively employed for in situ imaging of OCl- and DCP in the living cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumi Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, India.
| | - Uday Narayan Guria
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, India.
| | - Satyajit Halder
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata-700 054, India
| | - Anirban Karak
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, India.
| | - Dipanjan Banik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, India.
| | - Kuladip Jana
- Division of Molecular Medicine, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VIIM, Kolkata-700 054, India
| | - Arik Kar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, India.
| | - Ajit Kumar Mahapatra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah 711 103, India.
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18
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Bachman JL, Wight CD, Bardo AM, Johnson AM, Pavlich CI, Boley AJ, Wagner HR, Swaminathan J, Iverson BL, Marcotte EM, Anslyn EV. Evaluating the Effect of Dye-Dye Interactions of Xanthene-Based Fluorophores in the Fluorosequencing of Peptides. Bioconjug Chem 2022; 33:1156-1165. [PMID: 35622964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.2c00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A peptide sequencing scheme utilizing fluorescence microscopy and Edman degradation to determine the amino acid position in fluorophore-labeled peptides was recently reported, referred to as fluorosequencing. It was observed that multiple fluorophores covalently linked to a peptide scaffold resulted in a decrease in the anticipated fluorescence output and worsened the single-molecule fluorescence analysis. In this study, we report an improvement in the photophysical properties of fluorophore-labeled peptides by incorporating long and flexible (PEG)10 linkers at the peptide attachment points. Long linkers to the fluorophores were installed using copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition conditions. The photophysical properties of these peptides were analyzed in solution and immobilized on a microscope slide at the single-molecule level under peptide fluorosequencing conditions. Solution-phase fluorescence analysis showed improvements in both quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime with the long linkers. While on the solid support, photometry measurements showed significant increases in fluorescence brightness and 20 to 60% improvements in the ability to determine the amino acid position with fluorosequencing. This spatial distancing strategy demonstrates improvements in the peptide sequencing platform and provides a general approach for improving the photophysical properties in fluorophore-labeled macromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L Bachman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Christopher D Wight
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Angela M Bardo
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Amber M Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Cyprian I Pavlich
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Alexander J Boley
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Holden R Wagner
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Jagannath Swaminathan
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Brent L Iverson
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Edward M Marcotte
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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19
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Han Q, Wang Q, Wu H, Ge X, Gao A, Bai Y, Gao S, Wang G, Cao X. Novel Naphthalimide‐Based Self‐Assembly Systems with Different Terminal Groups for Sensitive Detection of Thionyl Chloride and Oxalyl Chloride in Two Modes. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral in the South of Henan and Green catalysis and synthesis key laboratory of Xinyang city Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000
| | - Qingqing Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral in the South of Henan and Green catalysis and synthesis key laboratory of Xinyang city Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000
| | - Huijuan Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral in the South of Henan and Green catalysis and synthesis key laboratory of Xinyang city Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000
| | - Xuefei Ge
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral in the South of Henan and Green catalysis and synthesis key laboratory of Xinyang city Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000
| | - Aiping Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral in the South of Henan and Green catalysis and synthesis key laboratory of Xinyang city Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000
| | - Yifan Bai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral in the South of Henan and Green catalysis and synthesis key laboratory of Xinyang city Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000
| | - Siyu Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral in the South of Henan and Green catalysis and synthesis key laboratory of Xinyang city Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000
| | - Guixia Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Key Laboratory of Function-Oriented Porous Materials Luoyang Normal University Luoyang 471934 China
| | - Xinhua Cao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Province Key Laboratory of Utilization of Non-Metallic Mineral in the South of Henan and Green catalysis and synthesis key laboratory of Xinyang city Xinyang Normal University Xinyang 464000
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20
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Kong YY, Sun TQ, Yu MM, Xia HC. BODIPY-based fluorescent chemosensor for phosgene detection: confocal imaging of nasal mucosa and lung samples from mouse exposed to phosgene. Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:4953-4962. [PMID: 35567611 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-04120-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The improper use of phosgene, either as a chemical warfare agent or a leak during chemical production, causes significant risks to human life and property. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a rapid and highly selective method for the detection of phosgene. In this article, a highly selective fluorescent sensor ONB with a BODIPY unit as a fluorophore and o-aminophenol as a reactive site was constructed for the selective and rapid detection of phosgene in solution. The ONB-containing nanofibers were sprayed onto a non-woven fabric by electrostatic spinning and cut into test films, which can be used well for the detection of gaseous phosgene. While, there were no reported bio-imaging applications for phosgene detection. In this work, nasal mucosa and lung samples from the mice exposed to gaseous phosgene after dropping the ONB solution through the nasal cavity achieved bio-imaging applications successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ying Kong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Tang-Qiang Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao-Miao Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Cheng Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, People's Republic of China.
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21
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Da-Xue L, Dan L, Liang Z, Yan-Hua X, Shao-Hui S, Bo Z, Rui L, Hong-Ling Z, Jian L, Zhi-Ping H, Zhi-Gang J, Wei-Hui W. An AIE fluorescent sensor for rapid and selective detection of phosgene. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5296-5299. [PMID: 35403642 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00745b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, an aggregation-induced emission (AIE)-based sensor, 4-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzoxime (TPE-phos), has been rationally designed for phosgene detection. The sensor has a tetraphenylethylene unit combined with an oxime moiety. TPE-phos undergoes nitrile formation after the oxime group reacts with phosgene, which will give a significant "light-up" fluorescence due to the AIE effect within seconds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Da-Xue
- Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Li Dan
- Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Zong Liang
- Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Xiao Yan-Hua
- Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Sui Shao-Hui
- Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Zhuang Bo
- Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Li Rui
- Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | | | - Li Jian
- Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | | | | | - Wu Wei-Hui
- Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, China.
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22
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Xu Z, Luo Y, Hong Y, Liu Z, Zhang MX, Gu SX, Yin J. A naphthimide-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for selective and visual detection of phosgene in solution and the gas phase. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 269:120789. [PMID: 34968834 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
As a colorless, highly toxic and widely used chemical reagent, phosgene poses a potentially serious threat to public health and environmental safety. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a simple and sensitive method for detecting phosgene. In this work, a ratiometric fluorescent probe (NED) for phosgene was developed by utilizing 4-substituted 1,8-naphthimide unit as the fluorophore and ethylenediamine as the recognition moiety. The probe NED undergoes intramolecular cyclization reaction with phosgene, resulting in a remarkable ratiometric fluorescence response. The probe NED displays high sensitivity (LOD = 4.9 nM), excellent ratiometric fluorescence signal, and high selectivity toward phosgene over other relevant analytes. In addition, paper test strip capable of visually detecting gaseous phosgene has also been fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Xu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Yabin Luo
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Hong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziru Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xing Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-cancer Active Ingredients, College of Chemistry and Life Science, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan 430205, China.
| | - Shuang-Xi Gu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jun Yin
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Hubei International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Pesticide and Green Synthesis, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, PR China.
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23
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Ni JY, Qian DL, Sun R, Qin CX, Ge JF. Construction of a ratiometric phosgene probe by chromophore formation from auxochrome. Talanta 2022; 236:122826. [PMID: 34635216 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A new fluorescent probe for ratiometric detection of phosgene is reported. This probe was constructed with classic 1,8-naphthalimide and 2-(2-aminophenyl)benzimidazole by Ullmann coupling reaction. After exposure to phosgene, yellow fluorescence weakened while blue fluorescence enhanced significantly. There was a ratiometric response between 542 nm and 490 nm. The detection limit (LOD) was 6.7 nM and the response time was within 200 s in CHCl3. Meaningfully, a new chromophore, benzo [4,5]imidazo[1,2-c]quinazolin-6(5H)-one, was formed after 2-(2-aminophenyl)benzimidazole unit reacted with phosgene, and the ratiometric response was achieved by two chromophores in which the mechanism was confirmed by 1H NMR spectra, HRMS and theoretical calculation. Furthermore, test papers and nanofibers were fabricated with the probe, which could sensitive detection of phosgene within 10 min and 1 min respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Yang Ni
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Dong-Liang Qian
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Ru Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
| | - Chuan-Xiang Qin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Jian-Feng Ge
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'Ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, China.
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24
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Zeng L, Chen T, Zhu B, Koo S, Tang Y, Lin W, James TD, Kim JS. A molecular recognition platform for the simultaneous sensing of diverse chemical weapons. Chem Sci 2022; 13:4523-4532. [PMID: 35656136 PMCID: PMC9020178 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc00299j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) such as phosgene and nerve agents pose serious threats to our lives and public security, but no tools can simultaneously screen multiple CWAs in seconds. Here, we rationally designed a robust sensing platform based on 8-cyclohexanyldiamino-BODIPY (BODIPY-DCH) to monitor diverse CWAs in different emission channels. Trans-cyclohexanyldiamine as the reactive site provides optimal geometry and high reactivity, allowing trans-BODIPY-DCH to detect CWAs with a quick response and high sensitivity, while cis-BODIPY-DCH has much weaker reactivity to CWAs due to intramolecular H-bonding. Upon reaction with phosgene, trans-BODIPY-DCH was rapidly converted to imidazolone BODIPY (<3 s), triggering green fluorescence with good sensitivity (LOD = 0.52 nM). trans-BODIPY-DCH coupled with nerve agent mimics, affording a blue fluorescent 8-amino-BODIPY tautomer. Furthermore, a portable test kit using trans-BODIPY-DCH displayed an instant response and low detection limits for multiple CWAs. This platform enables rapid and highly sensitive visual screening of various CWAs. Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) such as phosgene and nerve agents pose serious threats to our lives and public security, necessitating tools that can simultaneously screen multiple CWAs in seconds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lintao Zeng
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Tianhong Chen
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Beitong Zhu
- School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Seyoung Koo
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
| | - Yonghe Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, 530004, China
| | - Tony D. James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
- School of Physics, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, China
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Korea
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25
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Sen B, Patra SK, Khatua S. Ruthenium(II) Polypyridine Complex-Based Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogen for Rapid and Selective Detection of Phosgene in Solution and in the Gas Phase. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:19175-19188. [PMID: 34874153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A bis-heteroleptic ruthenium(II) complex, Ru-1, of 4,7-bis(2-aminoethylamino)-1,10-phenanthroline for selective "turn-on" detection of highly toxic chemical warfare agent phosgene is presented. Probe Ru-1 exhibits aggregation-induced emission (AIE), and the restricted intramolecular motion is responsible for the AIE activity. In a CHCl3/CH3CN [95:5 (v/v)] solvent mixture, a unique self-assembled vesicular structure was formed after aggregation, which was supported by transmission electron microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, and atmoic force microscopy studies. Probe Ru-1 showed a rapid and highly selective luminescence turn-on response for phosgene over other competitive chemical warfare agents with a low detection limit (13.9 nM) in CH3CN. The 2-aminoethylamino groups in Ru-1 act as a reacting site for nucleophilic addition to the carbonyl center of phosgene and undergo intramolecular cyclization. The final product of the phosgene-mediated reaction, Ru-1-Phos, contains 2-imidazolidinone groups, which has been confirmed by electrospray ionization mass spectometry and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. 1H NMR titration of Ru-1 with phosgene supported the reaction mechanism and also pointed to the simultaneous reaction of phosgene at two 2-aminoethylamino sites. For the first time, the crystal structure of the phosgene reaction product, Ru-1-Phos, containing the cyclized 2-imidazolidinone group was confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, which indubitably validates the reaction mechanism. Triplet state time-dependent density functional theory calculations showed that the weak luminescence of Ru-1 was mostly due to the population of the non-emissive 3MC state. The cyclization reaction with phosgene and the corresponding 2-imidazolidinone product formation populated the emissive 3MLCT state in Ru-1-Phos and is the key reason for the enhanced luminescence. Furthermore, a low-cost portable test paper strip has been fabricated with Ru-1 for the real-time selective monitoring of phosgene gas at the nanomolar level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Sen
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya 793022, India
| | - Sumit Kumar Patra
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya 793022, India
| | - Snehadrinarayan Khatua
- Centre for Advanced Studies, Department of Chemistry, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, Meghalaya 793022, India
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26
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Yu W, Wang L, Wang L, Li Y, Zhang N, Zheng K. Quinoline based colorimetric and “turn-off” fluorescent chemosensor for phosgene sensing in solution and vapor phase. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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27
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Bodipy Based Fluorescent Materials in Cellulose Matrices: Synthesis, Spectral Properties and Vapochromic Fluorescent Recognition of Alcohols and Acetone. J Fluoresc 2021; 31:1627-1635. [PMID: 34370179 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02792-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This paper highlights advances made using the 4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) as a fluorophore in design and application of fluorescent sensors for microenvironment polarity. Sections of the paper cover broad analysis of a range of fluorescent indicators immobilized in ethyl- and methyl cellulose matrices. The present study demonstrates that BODIPY-based fluorescent materials could be successfully utilized for ratiometric detection of ethanol and acetone in gas phase. The achieved limit of detection value equals 0.02 mg/ml for acetone and 0.08 mg/ml for ethanol, whereas obtained sensoric materials are reusable without regeneration required.
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28
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Hu Q, Gong T, Mao Y, Yin Q, Wang Y, Wang H. Two-phase activated colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent sensor for visual detection of phosgene via AIE coupled TICT processes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 253:119589. [PMID: 33636495 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we specifically designed and synthesized an excellent colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent sensor DPA-CI for rapid and convenient detection of the highly toxic phosgene. DPA-CI was developed by incorporated a diphenylamine (DPA) and a 2-imine-3-benzo[d]imidazole as the enhanced push-pull electronic structure into the coumarin fluorophore matrix. The sensor DPA-CI towards phosgene sensing exhibited both visible colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent color change in solution and in gaseous conditions with TICT and AIE mechanism respectively, which can be easily distinguished by using the naked eye. Also, the sensor DPA-CI showed splendid sensing performance such as excellent selectivity, rapid response (less than 8 s in THF and 2 min in gaseous condition), and fair sensitivity (limit of detection less than 0.11 ppm in gaseous condition and 0.27 μM in solution). The design strategy based on enhanced push-pull electronic structure with AIE and TICT properties will be helpful to construct a solid optical sensor with excellent potential application prospects for portable and visual sensing of gaseous phosgene through distinct color and ratiometric fluorescence change by the naked eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory for the Design and Application of Actinide Complexes, University of South China, 28 Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
| | - Tao Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory for the Design and Application of Actinide Complexes, University of South China, 28 Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Yu Mao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory for the Design and Application of Actinide Complexes, University of South China, 28 Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Qiang Yin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory for the Design and Application of Actinide Complexes, University of South China, 28 Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Yuyuan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory for the Design and Application of Actinide Complexes, University of South China, 28 Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China
| | - Hongqing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Key Laboratory for the Design and Application of Actinide Complexes, University of South China, 28 Changsheng West Road, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, PR China.
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Zhu J, Mu X, Zhang S, Yan L, Wu X. A reusable test paper based on a simple salicylaldehyde derivate for the real-time detection of phosgene in gas phase. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 251:119485. [PMID: 33503562 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phosgene is an important organic activity intermediate as well as a poisonous gas. However, the widespread use and abuse of phosphene brings potential risks to public safety. So it is very important to detect phosgene quickly and reliably. Up to now, a lot of chemical sensors based on organoluminescent groups have been reported to monitor phosgene. However, most of them have complex molecular structures and cannot be recycled during detection. Herein, we developed a simple and effective fluorescent chemosensor using 5-chlorsalicylaldehyde as luminophor and azanol as recognition site. It exhibited significant fluorescence enhancement, excellent specificity and sensitivity. More importantly, the reusable test paper prepared by this chemosensor has been successfully used in the point-of-care testing of gaseous phosgene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbiao Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, PR China
| | - Xinyue Mu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, PR China
| | - Shiqing Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, PR China
| | - Liqiang Yan
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, PR China.
| | - Xiongzhi Wu
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi 541006, PR China.
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Fu YL, Chong YY, Li H, Feng W, Song QH. Sensitive and Visual Detection of Phosgene by a TICT-Based BODIPY Dye with 8-(o-Hydroxy)aniline as the Active Site. Chemistry 2021; 27:4977-4984. [PMID: 33400318 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202005169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Phosgene and its substitutes (diphosgene and triphosgene) are widely utilized as chemical industrial materials and chemical warfare agents and pose a threat to public health and environmental safety due to their extreme toxicity. Research efforts have been directed to develop selective and sensitive detection methods for phosgene and its substitutes. In this paper, we have prepared two BODIPY-based fluorescent probes, o-Pah and o-Pha, which are two isomers with different active sites, ortho-aminohydroxy (3',4' or 4',3') phenyls at meso position of BODIPY, and compared their sensing performance toward triphosgene. The probe with o-(4'-amino-3'-hydroxyl), o-Pha, exhibits better sensing performance over the o-(3'-amino-4'-hydroxyl), o-Pah, for instance, a lower limit of detection (LOD) (0.34 nm vs. 1.2 nm), and more rapid response (10 s vs. 200 s). Furthermore, based on the above comparative studies, a red-fluorescence probe o-Phae has been constructed through extending 3,5-conjugation of o-Pha. The probe o-Phae displays rapid response (60 s), high sensitivity to triphosgene (LOD=0.88 nm), and high selectivity for triphosgene over relevant analytes including nitric oxide. Finally, a facile test strip for phosgene was fabricated by immobilizing o-Phae in a polyethylene oxide membrane for sensitive (<2 ppm) and selective detection of phosgene in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Long Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Xin'an Medicine, Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230038, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Chong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, P. R. China
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31
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Mondal T, Roy S, Mondal I, Mane MV, Panja SS. Deeper insight into the multifaceted photodynamics of a potential organic functional material emphasizing aggregation induced emission enhancement (AIEE) properties. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.112998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Yang L, Wang F, Zhao J, Kong X, Lu K, Yang M, Zhang J, Sun Z, You J. A facile dual-function fluorescent probe for detection of phosgene and nitrite and its applications in portable chemosensor analysis and food analysis. Talanta 2021; 221:121477. [PMID: 33076090 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Due to the potential threats of phosgene and nitrite to public health and safety, in this work, we first proposed the application of a facile dual-function fluorescent probe 2-(1H-Benzimidazol-2-yl)Aniline (BMA) for the detection of phosgene and nitrite in different solvent environments. BMA had fast response (1 min), high selectivity and sensitivity (the limit of detection was 1.27 nM) to phosgene in CH3CN solution (containing 10% DMSO), which manifested as a ratiometric fluorescent mode from 416 nm to 480 nm. The response of BMA to nitrite in HCl solution (pH = 1, containing 10% CH3CN) was also highly selective and sensitive (the limit of detection was 60.63 nM), which shown as a turn-off fluorescent mode at 485 nm. In addition, two portable chemosensors (BMA-loaded TLC plates and test strips) had also been successfully manufactured for the detection of phosgene in the gas phase and nitrite in solution, which displayed good responses. Most importantly, BMA had also been successfully used for detection of nitrite in food samples, and a good recovery (88.5%-107.2%) was obtained by adding standard sodium nitrite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Jie Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Xiaojian Kong
- School of Chemical New Material Engineering, Shandong Polytechnic College, Jining, 272027, China
| | - Ke Lu
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Mian Yang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Jinmao You
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China; Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research & Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Xining, 810001, China.
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33
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Ma B, Zuo G, Dong B, Gao S, You L, Wang X. Optical detection of sulfur mustard contaminated surfaces based on a sprayable fluorescent probe. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03921k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A water-based sprayable functional polymer was immobilized with the fluorescent probe DPXT and was used as a chemo-sensor for rapid localization of surface contamination by sulfur mustard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Guomin Zuo
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Bin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Shi Gao
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Lijuan You
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
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Li ZJ, Zhang WJ, Bi WZ, Ma QJ, Feng SX, Chen XL, Qu LB. An amino-substituted 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole for the fluorescent detection of phosgene based on an ESIPT mechanism. RSC Adv 2021; 11:10836-10841. [PMID: 35423554 PMCID: PMC8695812 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00811k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, an ESIPT-based fluorescence probe, 5′-amino-2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole (P1), was synthesized and explored for the ratiometric detection of phosgene. Compared to 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole (HBI), P1 exhibits high sensitivity (LoD = 5.3 nM) and selectivity toward phosgene with the introduction of the amine group. Furthermore, simple P1 loaded test papers are manufactured and display selective fluorescent detection of phosgene in the gas phase. An easily prepared phosgene probe, 5′-amino-2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)benzimidazole (P1), is designed and studied. Based on ESIPT mechanism, P1 exhibits ratiometric, sensitive and selective detection of phosgene both in solution and gas phase.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Jie Li
- School of Pharmacy
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Wen-Jie Zhang
- School of Pharmacy
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Wen-Zhu Bi
- School of Pharmacy
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Qiu-Juan Ma
- School of Pharmacy
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Su-Xiang Feng
- School of Pharmacy
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine
- Zhengzhou
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Respiratory Disease Diagnosis and Treatment & Chinese Medicine Development of Henan Province
| | - Xiao-Lan Chen
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
| | - Ling-Bo Qu
- College of Chemistry
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou
- China
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Hewavitharanage P, Warshawsky R, Rosokha SV, Vaal J, Stickler K, Bachynsky D, Jairath N. Efficient energy transfer in phenyl-ethynyl-linked asymmetric BODIPY dimers. Tetrahedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Thirumalaivasan N, Wu SP. Bright Luminescent Carbon Dots for Multifunctional Selective Sensing and Imaging Applications in Living Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:6439-6446. [PMID: 35021775 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent carbon dots (CDs) have become attractive materials because of their superior photophysical properties and various potential applications. However, most of the formerly developed CDs only have strong blue emission, which limits their further applications, particularly in bioimaging. Herein luminescent CDs have been successfully synthesized via a one-pot solvothermal process using 4-bromoaniline and ethylenediamine as starting materials. The luminescent CDs emit strong green fluorescence with high quantum yield as well as excellent biocompatibility and biolabeling potentials. At first, the luminescent CDs exhibited high selectivity for phosgene with a turn-off fluorescence detection. The limit of detection was 81 nM, which is sensitive for the determination of phosgene over other competing toxic pollutants. In addition, the luminescent CDs have shown a three-state "on-off-on" emission with the stepwise addition of Ag+ and cysteine (Cys). Luminescent CDs show fluorescence quenching by Ag+ and fluorescence regaining with further addition of Cys, with lower detection limits of 3.9 μM (Ag+) and 3.4 μM (Cys), respectively. The luminescent CDs were utilized to obtain a clear fingerprint. During the drying process, the coffee ring effect and electrostatic interaction between the positive surface charge of amine-functionalized CDs and negatively charged fingerprint residues facilitate the formation of clear fingerprints on different platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natesan Thirumalaivasan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Pao Wu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiao Tung University, 1001 Ta Hsueh Road, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
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Yang L, Wang F, Sun Z, Kong X, Kong Y. Sensitive and selective detection of phosgene with a bis-(1 H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-based turn-on fluorescent probe in the solution and gas phase. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:3123-3129. [PMID: 32930172 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00404a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
As one of the chemical weapons in World War I, phosgene (COCl2) is an extremely toxic gas. Due to wide applications in industrial production, phosgene can easily leak inadvertently and poses a serious threat to the environment and human health and safety. In this study, we report for the first time a new fluorescent probe (bis-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl)-methanone) for the rapid detection of phosgene. The probe is based on the easily prepared bis-(1H-benzimidazol-2-yl), which can quickly combine with phosgene to obtain a six-membered cyclic carbamylation product showing fluorescence turn-on. The combination of phosgene caused the maximum absorption of the probe shifting from 361 nm to 373 nm, which showed a color change from colorless to yellow under visible light. Meanwhile, a strong fluorescence emission peak appeared at 428 nm, which showed change from no fluorescence to blue-violet fluorescence under a UV lamp (365 nm). The response of the probe towards phosgene is fast (within 30 s), highly selective and sensitive (the detection limit in solution being 3.3 nM). Furthermore, the portable test strips manufactured using the probe can conveniently perform visual and fluorescence detection of phosgene in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Xiaojian Kong
- School of Chemical New Materials Engineering, Shandong Polytechnic College, Jining 272027, China.
| | - Yilin Kong
- College of Electromechanical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Qingdao 266061, China
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39
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Kuitunen ML, Altamirano JC, Siegenthaler P, Taure TH, Häkkinen VA, Vanninen PS. Derivatization and rapid GC-MS screening of chlorides relevant to the Chemical Weapons Convention in organic liquid samples. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:2527-2535. [PMID: 32930243 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay00263a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A simple derivatization technique was developed for the analysis of seven Schedule 3 chemicals and one Schedule 2 chemical listed in the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC). Phosgene, phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride, thionyl chloride, sulfur monochloride and sulfur dichloride (Schedule 3) as well as arsenic trichloride (Schedule 2) were derivatized using 1-propanol in 40% pyridine solution for analysis with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Derivatization temperature and concentration of the derivatization solution were optimized for maximum derivatization recovery. The stabilities of the target analytes and their derivatives in different solvents were studied. The derivatization yield showed a linear response within the analyte concentration range of 0.1-2 mM (10-200 μg ml-1) with correlation coefficients >0.99 (r2), except for AsCl3 which did not show a linear response after derivatization. Good reproducibility with relative standard deviations (RSDs) from 3 to 13% was achieved. The derivatization recovery was 66% for phosgene and 67-80% for the P-containing chemicals phosphorus oxychloride, phosphorus trichloride and phosphorus pentachloride. Recommendations to use the method for screening the presence of these chemicals in organic liquid samples are given. The method is used when CWC-related samples are screened at VERIFIN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja-Leena Kuitunen
- VERIFIN, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jorgelina Cecilia Altamirano
- Laboratorio de Química Ambiental, Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales (IANIGLA, CCT-CONICET), Mendoza 5500, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Peter Siegenthaler
- Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP, Spiez Laboratory, Analytical Chemistry Branch, CH-3700 Spiez, Switzerland
| | - Terhi Hannele Taure
- VERIFIN, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Vesa Antero Häkkinen
- VERIFIN, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Paula Sinikka Vanninen
- VERIFIN, Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland.
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Jiang J, Zhang G, Li L, Zhang H, Li N, Wang Y, He J, Mao F, Yu K. On-line monitoring of transient radicals and oligomers: o-Phenylenediamine electrooxidation mechanism study by mass spectrometry. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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41
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Liu X, Li N, Li M, Chen H, Zhang N, Wang Y, Zheng K. Recent progress in fluorescent probes for detection of carbonyl species: Formaldehyde, carbon monoxide and phosgene. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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42
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Paul S, Ghosh P, Roy P. A coumarin based fluorescent chemodosimeter for phosgene gas detection instantaneously in solution and the gas phase. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj00645a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A coumarin based compound, 7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2H-chromene-3-carbaldehyde oxime, acts as a selective fluorescent chemodosimeter for phosgene gas in solution and as well as in the gas phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sima Paul
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
| | - Pritam Ghosh
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 3200008
- Israel
| | - Partha Roy
- Department of Chemistry
- Jadavpur University
- Kolkata 700 032
- India
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43
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Cheng K, Yang N, Li QY, Gao XW, Wang XJ. Selectively Light-up Detection of Phosgene with an Aggregation-Induced Emission-Based Fluorescent Sensor. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:22557-22561. [PMID: 31909339 PMCID: PMC6941368 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/05/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Phosgene, a widely used but highly toxic substance, may pose a serious risk to public safety and health because of the potential abuse and possible accidental leakage. Consequently, it is of great significance to develop a rapid, reliable, and sensitive detection method for this noxious agent. In this work, an aggregation-induced emission-based sensor, 3,6-bis(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)benzene-1,2-diamine (DATPE), has been rationally designed for detecting phosgene by conjugation of o-phenylenediamine (OPD) core as the reactive recognition moiety decorated with two peripheral triphenylethylene (TPE) units. A light-up fluorescence response is achieved by the fast cyclization reaction of OPD part and phosgene along with the formation of 2-imidazolidinone ring, thus inhibiting the intramolecular charge transfer quenching process in the sensor. Moreover, an easy-to-use test paper with DATPE is fabricated for onsite visual detection of phosgene in the gas phase even at a concentration of as low as 0.1 ppm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Cheng
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials,
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Ningwen Yang
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials,
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Qiu-Yan Li
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials,
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Wang Gao
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- E-mail: (X.-W.G.)
| | - Xiao-Jun Wang
- Jiangsu
Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials,
School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou 221116, P. R. China
- E-mail: (X.-J.W.)
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Wei XZ, Fu YL, Xue MJ, Song QH. Synthesis of Oxadiazolones with Hydrazides: The Mechanism and the Sensing Application as Sensitive, Rapid, and Visual Fluorescent Sensors for Phosgene. Org Lett 2019; 21:9497-9501. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b03688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiu-Zhi Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Ying-Long Fu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Min-Jie Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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45
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BODIPY-based asymmetric monosubstituted (turn-on) and symmetric disubstituted (ratiometric) fluorescent probes for selective detection of phosgene in solution and gas phase. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1078:168-175. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Gangopadhyay A, Ali SS, Mahapatra AK. A Powerful Turn‐On Fluorescent Probe for Phosgene: A Primary Amide Strategically Attached to an Anthracene Fluorophore. ChemistrySelect 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201901453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Gangopadhyay
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (formerly Bengal Engineering and Science University) Shibpur, Howrah West Bengal 711103 India
| | - Syed Samim Ali
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (formerly Bengal Engineering and Science University) Shibpur, Howrah West Bengal 711103 India
| | - Ajit Kumar Mahapatra
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology (formerly Bengal Engineering and Science University) Shibpur, Howrah West Bengal 711103 India
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Zeng L, Zeng H, Jiang L, Wang S, Hou JT, Yoon J. A Single Fluorescent Chemosensor for Simultaneous Discriminative Detection of Gaseous Phosgene and a Nerve Agent Mimic. Anal Chem 2019; 91:12070-12076. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b03230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lintao Zeng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, P.R. China
| | - Hongyan Zeng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China
| | - Lirong Jiang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Organic Solar Cells and Photochemical Conversion, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, P.R. China
| | - Shan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, P.R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, P.R. China
| | - Ji-Ting Hou
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hubei Engineering University, Xiaogan 432000, P.R. China
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464000, P.R. China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
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Wu C, Xu H, Li Y, Xie R, Li P, Pang X, Zhou Z, Gu B, Li H, Zhang Y. An ESIPT-based fluorescent probe for the detection of phosgene in the solution and gas phases. Talanta 2019; 200:78-83. [PMID: 31036228 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Phosgene is a highly toxic gas that poses a serious threat to public health and safety. Herein, we describe the preparation of a ratiometric fluorescence probe (Pi) bearing hydroxyl and imidazole moieties as recognition sites, and employ it for the excited-state intramolecular proton transfer-based (ESIPT-based) detection of phosgene. It is the first time that hydroxyl and imidazole have been exploited as recognition sites for phosgene. In the presence of phosgene, Pi undergoes sequential nucleophilic substitution and cyclization reactions that facilitate a rapid response, high selectivity, and excellent sensitivity (detection limit = 0.14 μM). The sensing mechanism was verified by 1H NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution mass spectrometry. Furthermore, we fabricated a fluorescent test strip (FTS-Pi) for the detection of phosgene in the gas phase that undergoes a fluorescence color change, from green to blue, under 365 nm UV light in the presence of phosgene, which is easily observed with the naked eye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiyan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Hai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Yaqian Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Ruihua Xie
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Peijuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China; Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of College of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421008, PR China
| | - Xiao Pang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Zile Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
| | - Biao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of College of Hunan Province, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang 421008, PR China
| | - Haitao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China.
| | - Youyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Traditional Chinese Medicine Research (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, PR China
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49
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Martinez Espinoza MI, Sori L, Pizzi A, Terraneo G, Moggio I, Arias E, Pozzi G, Orlandi S, Dichiarante V, Metrangolo P, Cavazzini M, Baldelli Bombelli F. BODIPY Dyes Bearing Multibranched Fluorinated Chains: Synthesis, Structural, and Spectroscopic Studies. Chemistry 2019; 25:9078-9087. [PMID: 31184410 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A small series of boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes, characterized by the presence of multibranched fluorinated residues, were designed and synthesized. The dyes differ in both the position (para-perfluoroalkoxy-substituted phenyl ring or boron functionalization) and number of magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms (27 or 54 fluorine atoms per molecule). Photophysical and crystallographic characterization of the synthesized BODIPYs was carried out to evaluate the effect of the presence of highly fluorinated moieties on the optical and morphological properties of such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Martinez Espinoza
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sori
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivana Moggio
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, 25294, Saltillo, México
| | - Eduardo Arias
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, 25294, Saltillo, México
| | - Gianluca Pozzi
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM), National Research Council (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Simonetta Orlandi
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM), National Research Council (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Dichiarante
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cavazzini
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM), National Research Council (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
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Ravi PV, Thangadurai DT, Nataraj D, Senthilkumar K, Manonmani G, Kalarikkal N, Thomas S, Govindh P. Graphene Nanobuds: A New Second-Generation Phosgene Sensor with Ultralow Detection Limit in Aqueous Solution. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:19339-19349. [PMID: 31050885 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b02911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Selective and sensitive detection of highly toxic chemicals by a suitable, fast, inexpensive, and trustworthy method is vital due to its serious health threats to humankind and breach of public security caused by unexpected terrorist attacks and industrial accidents. Phosgene or carbonyl dichloride is widely employed in many chemical industries and pharmaceuticals, and in pesticide production, which is extremely toxic by severe (short-term) inhalation exposure. Because of the non-existence of a phosgene sensor in aqueous solution and the immense emphasis gained by nanomaterials, especially carbonaceous materials, augmented attention has been given to the development of a fluorophore-functionalized carbon-based method to detect this noxious substance. In this study, surfactant free 1,8-diaminonaphthalene (DAN)-functionalized graphene quantum dots (DAN-GQDs) were prepared to detect phosgene in aqueous solution. The FESEM (field emission scanning electron microscopy) and HRTEM (high-resolution transmission electron microscopy) analyses confirm the as-prepared DAN-GQD morphology as nanobuds (NBs) with an average diameter of ca. 35-40 nm. The crystalline nature, elemental composition, and chemical state of DAN-GQDs were analyzed by standard physiochemical techniques. The edge-termination at the carboxyl functional group of GQDs with DAN was examined by XPS, Raman, FT-IR, and 1H NMR spectroscopy analyses. The aqueous solution of DAN-GQDs (4.89 × 10-9 M) exhibits a strong emission peak at 423 nm upon excitation at 328 nm. The addition of the phosgene molecule (0 → 88 μL) quenches the initial fluorescence intensity of DAN-GQDs (ΦF 53.6 → 34.6%) through the formation of a stable six-membered cyclized product. The DAN-GQDs displayed excellent selectivity and sensitivity for phosgene ( Ka = 3.84 × 102 M-1 and LoD (limit of detection) = 2.26 ppb) over other competing toxic pollutants in water. The time-resolved fluorescence analysis confirms that the quenching of DAN-GQDs follows nonradiative relaxation of excited electrons. Furthermore, bioimaging experiments of phosgene in living human breast cancer (HeLa) cells and cell viability test successfully demonstrated the practicability of DAN-GQDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavithra V Ravi
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology , Sri Ramakrishana Engineering College, Affiliated to Anna University , Coimbatore 641 022 , Tamilnadu , India
| | - Daniel T Thangadurai
- Department of Nanoscience and Technology , Sri Ramakrishana Engineering College, Affiliated to Anna University , Coimbatore 641 022 , Tamilnadu , India
| | - Devaraj Nataraj
- Department of Physics , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore 641 046 , Tamilnadu , India
| | | | - Gunasekaran Manonmani
- Department of Physics , Bharathiar University , Coimbatore 641 046 , Tamilnadu , India
| | - Nandakumar Kalarikkal
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nontechnology , Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam 686 650 , Kerala , India
| | - Sabu Thomas
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nontechnology , Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam 686 650 , Kerala , India
| | - Praveen Govindh
- International and Inter University Centre for Nanoscience and Nontechnology , Mahatma Gandhi University , Kottayam 686 650 , Kerala , India
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