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Yu L, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Wang X, Dong P, Ge Y, Ni G, Liu Z, Zhang Y. A dual-targeted Gd-based contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging in tumor diagnosis. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2486-2493. [PMID: 38372696 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02917d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has important clinical value in the diagnosis of tumors. Much effort has been made to improve the relaxivity and specificity of contrast agents (CAs) in tumor diagnosis over the past few decades. However, there is still a lack of CAs which not only enhance the signal intensity of tumors rather than surrounding tissues in MRI but also maintain a high signal intensity prolonged for a long time. Herein, we synthesized a dual-targeted CA, RGD-(DOTA-Gd)-TPP (RDP), in which RGD is used to target the αvβ3 integrin receptor overexpressed in tumor cells and TPP is used to bind to a mitochondrion further. The structure of RDP was characterized and its properties, such as relaxivity and biosafety, were measured and in vitro and in vivo MRI assays were carried out. It has been proven that RDP has higher relaxivity of aqueous solution than Magnevist used in clinics. Moreover, RDP achieved higher signal intensity and a longer signal duration in tumor imaging. Therefore, RDP can be applied as the potential dual-targeted MRI CA for clinical tumor diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yu
- School of Medical Imaging, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Kaiqi Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Yiyao Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Xun Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Peng Dong
- School of Medical Imaging, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Yanming Ge
- School of Medical Imaging, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Guangmao Ni
- School of Medical Imaging, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Zan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- School of Medical Imaging, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China.
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2
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Molyneaux K, Laggner C, Vincent J, Brady-Kalnay S. Small molecule antagonists of PTPmu identified by artificial intelligence-based computational screening block glioma cell migration and growth. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288980. [PMID: 37494327 PMCID: PMC10370706 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
PTPmu (PTPμ) is a member of the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase IIb family that participates in both homophilic cell-cell adhesion and signaling. PTPmu is proteolytically downregulated in glioblastoma generating extracellular and intracellular fragments that have oncogenic activity. The intracellular fragments, in particular, are known to accumulate in the cytoplasm and nucleus where they interact with inappropriate binding partners/substrates generating signals required for glioma cell migration and growth. Thus, interfering with these fragments is an attractive therapeutic strategy. To develop agents that target these fragments, we used the AI-based AtomNetⓇ model, a drug design and discovery tool, to virtually screen molecular libraries for compounds able to target a binding pocket bordered by the wedge domain, a known regulatory motif located within the juxtamembrane portion of the protein. Seventy-four high-scoring and chemically diverse virtual hits were then screened in multiple cell-based assays for effects on glioma cell motility (scratch assays) and growth in 3D culture (sphere assays), and PTPmu-dependent adhesion (Sf9 aggregation). We identified three inhibitors (247678835, 247682206, 247678791) that affected the motility of multiple glioma cell lines (LN229, U87MG, and Gli36delta5), the growth of LN229 and Gli36 spheres, and PTPmu-dependent Sf9 aggregation. Compound 247678791 was further shown to suppress PTPmu enzymatic activity in an in vitro phosphatase assay, and 247678835 was able to inhibit the growth of human glioma tumors in mice. We propose that these three compounds are PTPmu-targeting agents with therapeutic potential for treating glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen Molyneaux
- Department of Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | | | - Jason Vincent
- Department of Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Susann Brady-Kalnay
- Department of Molecular Biology & Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
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3
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Artificial Intelligence-Based Computational Screening and Functional Assays Identify Candidate Small Molecule Antagonists of PTPmu-Dependent Adhesion. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054274. [PMID: 36901713 PMCID: PMC10001486 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
PTPmu (PTPµ) is a member of the receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase IIb family that participates in cell-cell adhesion and signaling. PTPmu is proteolytically downregulated in glioblastoma (glioma), and the resulting extracellular and intracellular fragments are believed to stimulate cancer cell growth and/or migration. Therefore, drugs targeting these fragments may have therapeutic potential. Here, we used the AtomNet® platform, the first deep learning neural network for drug design and discovery, to screen a molecular library of several million compounds and identified 76 candidates predicted to interact with a groove between the MAM and Ig extracellular domains required for PTPmu-mediated cell adhesion. These candidates were screened in two cell-based assays: PTPmu-dependent aggregation of Sf9 cells and a tumor growth assay where glioma cells grow in three-dimensional spheres. Four compounds inhibited PTPmu-mediated aggregation of Sf9 cells, six compounds inhibited glioma sphere formation/growth, while two priority compounds were effective in both assays. The stronger of these two compounds inhibited PTPmu aggregation in Sf9 cells and inhibited glioma sphere formation down to 25 micromolar. Additionally, this compound was able to inhibit the aggregation of beads coated with an extracellular fragment of PTPmu, directly demonstrating an interaction. This compound presents an interesting starting point for the development of PTPmu-targeting agents for treating cancer including glioblastoma.
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Johansen ML, Vincent J, Rose M, Sloan AE, Brady-Kalnay SM. Comparison of Near-Infrared Imaging Agents Targeting the PTPmu Tumor Biomarker. Mol Imaging Biol 2023:10.1007/s11307-023-01799-5. [PMID: 36695968 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01799-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Maximal, safe resection of solid tumors is considered a critical first step in successful cancer treatment. The advent of fluorescence image-guided surgery (FIGS) using non-specific agents has improved patient outcomes, particularly in the case of glioblastoma. Molecularly targeted agents that recognize specific tumor biomarkers have the potential to augment these gains. Identification of the optimal combination of targeting moiety and fluorophore is needed prior to initiating clinical trials. PROCEDURES A 20-amino acid peptide (SBK2) recognizing the receptor protein-tyrosine phosphatase mu (PTPmu)-derived tumor-specific biomarker, with or without a linker, was conjugated to three different near-infrared fluorophores: indocyanine green (ICG), IRDye® 800CW, and Tide Fluor™ 8WS. The in vivo specificity, time course, and biodistribution were evaluated for each using mice with heterotopic human glioma tumors that express the PTPmu biomarker to identify component combinations with optimal properties for FIGS. RESULTS SBK2 conjugated to ICG demonstrated excellent specificity for gliomas in heterotopic tumors. SBK2-ICG showed significantly higher in vivo tumor labeling compared to the Scram-ICG control from 10 min to 24 h, p < 0.01 at all timepoints, following injection, as well as a significantly higher ex vivo tumor signal at 24 h, p < 0.001. Inserting a six-amino acid linker between the targeting peptide and ICG increased the clearance rate and resulted in significantly higher in vivo tumor signal relative to its linker-containing Scrambled control from 10 min to 8 h, p < 0.05 at all timepoints, after dosing. Agents made with the more hydrophilic IRDye® 800CW and Tide Fluor™ 8WS showed no specific tumor labeling relative to the controls. The IRDye 800CW-conjugated agents cleared within 1 h, while the non-specific fluorescent tumor signal generated by the Tide Fluor 8WS-conjugated agents persists beyond 24 h. CONCLUSIONS The SBK2 PTPmu-targeting peptide conjugated to ICG specifically labels heterotopic human gliomas grown in mice between 10 min and 24 h following injection. Similar molecules constructed with more hydrophilic dyes demonstrated no specificity. These studies present a promising candidate for use in FIGS of PTPmu biomarker-expressing tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette L Johansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Jason Vincent
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Marissa Rose
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Andrew E Sloan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
- The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA
| | - Susann M Brady-Kalnay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
- The Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave., Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.
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Johansen ML, Perera R, Abenojar E, Wang X, Vincent J, Exner AA, Brady-Kalnay SM. Ultrasound-Based Molecular Imaging of Tumors with PTPmu Biomarker-Targeted Nanobubble Contrast Agents. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1983. [PMID: 33671448 PMCID: PMC7922223 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultrasound imaging is a widely used, readily accessible and safe imaging modality. Molecularly-targeted microbubble- and nanobubble-based contrast agents used in conjunction with ultrasound imaging expand the utility of this modality by specifically targeting and detecting biomarkers associated with different pathologies including cancer. In this study, nanobubbles directed to a cancer biomarker derived from the Receptor Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase mu, PTPmu, were evaluated alongside non-targeted nanobubbles using contrast enhanced ultrasound both in vitro and in vivo in mice. In vitro resonant mass and clinical ultrasound measurements showed gas-core, lipid-shelled nanobubbles conjugated to either a PTPmu-directed peptide or a Scrambled control peptide were equivalent. Mice with heterotopic human tumors expressing the PTPmu-biomarker were injected with PTPmu-targeted or control nanobubbles and dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound was performed. Tumor enhancement was more rapid and greater with PTPmu-targeted nanobubbles compared to the non-targeted control nanobubbles. Peak tumor enhancement by the PTPmu-targeted nanobubbles occurred within five minutes of contrast injection and was more than 35% higher than the Scrambled nanobubble signal for the subsequent two minutes. At later time points, the signal in tumors remained higher with PTPmu-targeted nanobubbles demonstrating that PTPmu-targeted nanobubbles recognize tumors using molecular ultrasound imaging and may be useful for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette L. Johansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA; (M.L.J.); (J.V.)
| | - Reshani Perera
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA; (R.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Eric Abenojar
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA; (R.P.); (E.A.)
| | - Xinning Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7207, USA;
| | - Jason Vincent
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA; (M.L.J.); (J.V.)
| | - Agata A. Exner
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA; (R.P.); (E.A.)
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7207, USA;
| | - Susann M. Brady-Kalnay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA; (M.L.J.); (J.V.)
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Vincent J, Craig SEL, Johansen ML, Narla J, Avril S, DiFeo A, Brady-Kalnay SM. Detection of Tumor-Specific PTPmu in Gynecological Cancer and Patient Derived Xenografts. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11020181. [PMID: 33513911 PMCID: PMC7911696 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We developed a fluorophore-conjugated peptide agent, SBK4, that detects a tumor-specific proteolyzed form of the cell adhesion molecule, PTPmu, found in the tumor microenvironment. We previously demonstrated its tissue specific distribution in high-grade brain tumors. To extend those studies to other aggressive solid tumor types, we assessed the tissue distribution of PTPmu/SBK4 in a set of matched gynecologic cancer patient derived xenografts (PDXs) and primary patient tumors, as well as a limited cohort of tumors from gynecological cancer patients. PDXs isolated from the tissues of cancer patients have been shown to yield experimentally manipulatable models that replicate the clinical characteristics of individual patients’ tumors. In this study, gynecological cancer PDXs and patient biopsies were examined to determine if tumor-specific proteolyzed PTPmu was present. Methods: We used the peptide agent SBK4 conjugated to the fluorophore Texas Red (TR) to label tumor tissue microarrays (TMAs) containing patient and/or PDX samples from several high-grade gynecologic cancer types, and quantified the level of staining with Image J. In one TMA, we were able to directly compare the patient and the matched PDX tissue on the same slide. Results: While normal tissue had very little SBK4-TR staining, both primary tumor tissue and PDXs have higher labeling with SBK4-TR. Matched PDXs and patient samples from high-grade endometrial and ovarian cancers demonstrated higher levels of PTPmu by staining with SBK4 than normal tissue. Conclusion: In this sample set, all PDXs and high-grade ovarian cancer samples had increased labeling by SBK4-TR compared with the normal controls. Our results indicate that proteolyzed PTPmu and its novel peptide detection agent, SBK4, allow for the visualization of tumor-specific changes in cell adhesion molecules by tissue-based staining, providing a rationale for further development as an imaging agent in aggressive solid tumors, including gynecological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Vincent
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.V.); (S.E.L.C.); (M.L.J.)
| | - Sonya E. L. Craig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.V.); (S.E.L.C.); (M.L.J.)
| | - Mette L. Johansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.V.); (S.E.L.C.); (M.L.J.)
| | - Jyosthna Narla
- Department of Pathology, Alexian Brothers Hospital, San Jose, CA 95116, USA;
| | - Stefanie Avril
- Department of Pathology and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Analisa DiFeo
- Department of Pathology and Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
| | - Susann M. Brady-Kalnay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (J.V.); (S.E.L.C.); (M.L.J.)
- Department of Pathology and the Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-368-0330
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7
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Covarrubias G, Johansen ML, Vincent J, Erokwu BO, Craig SEL, Rahmy A, Cha A, Lorkowski M, MacAskill C, Scott B, Gargesha M, Roy D, Flask CA, Karathanasis E, Brady-Kalnay SM. PTPmu-targeted nanoparticles label invasive pediatric and adult glioblastoma. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 28:102216. [PMID: 32413511 DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Poor prognosis for glioblastoma (GBM) is a consequence of the aggressive and infiltrative nature of gliomas where individual cells migrate away from the main tumor to distant sites, making complete surgical resection and treatment difficult. In this manuscript, we characterize an invasive pediatric glioma model and determine if nanoparticles linked to a peptide recognizing the GBM tumor biomarker PTPmu can specifically target both the main tumor and invasive cancer cells in adult and pediatric glioma models. Using both iron and lipid-based nanoparticles, we demonstrate by magnetic resonance imaging, optical imaging, histology, and iron quantification that PTPmu-targeted nanoparticles effectively label adult gliomas. Using PTPmu-targeted nanoparticles in a newly characterized orthotopic pediatric SJ-GBM2 model, we demonstrate individual tumor cell labeling both within the solid tumor margins and at invasive and dispersive sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gil Covarrubias
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Mette L Johansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Jason Vincent
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Sonya E L Craig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Abdelrahman Rahmy
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Anthony Cha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | - Morgan Lorkowski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | | | | | | | | | - Chris A Flask
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH
| | | | - Susann M Brady-Kalnay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH.
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8
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Dammes N, Peer D. Monoclonal antibody-based molecular imaging strategies and theranostic opportunities. Theranostics 2020; 10:938-955. [PMID: 31903161 PMCID: PMC6929980 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular imaging modalities hold great potential as less invasive techniques for diagnosis and management of various diseases. Molecular imaging combines imaging agents with targeting moieties to specifically image diseased sites in the body. Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) have become increasingly popular as novel therapeutics against a variety of diseases due to their specificity, affinity and serum stability. Because of the same properties, mAbs are also exploited in molecular imaging to target imaging agents such as radionuclides to the cell of interest in vivo. Many studies investigated the use of mAb-targeted imaging for a variety of purposes, for instance to monitor disease progression and to predict response to a specific therapeutic agent. Herein, we highlighted the application of mAb-targeted imaging in three different types of pathologies: autoimmune diseases, oncology and cardiovascular diseases. We also described the potential of molecular imaging strategies in theranostics and precision medicine. Due to the nearly infinite repertoire of mAbs, molecular imaging can change the future of modern medicine by revolutionizing diagnostics and response prediction in practically any disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Dammes
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Dan Peer
- Laboratory of Precision NanoMedicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- School of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Department of Materials Sciences and Engineering, Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, and Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Cancer Biology Research Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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9
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Anderson CE, Johansen M, Erokwu BO, Hu H, Gu Y, Zhang Y, Kavran M, Vincent J, Drumm ML, Griswold MA, Steinmetz NF, Li M, Clark H, Darrah RJ, Yu X, Brady-Kalnay SM, Flask CA. Dynamic, Simultaneous Concentration Mapping of Multiple MRI Contrast Agents with Dual Contrast - Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19888. [PMID: 31882792 PMCID: PMC6934650 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-56531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Synchronous assessment of multiple MRI contrast agents in a single scanning session would provide a new "multi-color" imaging capability similar to fluorescence imaging but with high spatiotemporal resolution and unlimited imaging depth. This multi-agent MRI technology would enable a whole new class of basic science and clinical MRI experiments that simultaneously explore multiple physiologic/molecular events in vivo. Unfortunately, conventional MRI acquisition techniques are only capable of detecting and quantifying one paramagnetic MRI contrast agent at a time. Herein, the Dual Contrast - Magnetic Resonance Fingerprinting (DC-MRF) methodology was extended for in vivo application and evaluated by simultaneously and dynamically mapping the intra-tumoral concentration of two MRI contrast agents (Gd-BOPTA and Dy-DOTA-azide) in a mouse glioma model. Co-registered gadolinium and dysprosium concentration maps were generated with sub-millimeter spatial resolution and acquired dynamically with just over 2-minute temporal resolution. Mean tumor Gd and Dy concentration measurements from both single agent and dual agent DC-MRF studies demonstrated significant correlations with ex vivo mass spectrometry elemental analyses. This initial in vivo study demonstrates the potential for DC-MRF to provide a useful dual-agent MRI platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E Anderson
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mette Johansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Bernadette O Erokwu
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - He Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yuning Gu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Michael Kavran
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jason Vincent
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mitchell L Drumm
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Mark A Griswold
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California-San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ming Li
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Heather Clark
- Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
- Institute of Systems Bioanalysis and Chemical Imaging, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rebecca J Darrah
- Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Francis Payne Bolton School of Nursing, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Susann M Brady-Kalnay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Chris A Flask
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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10
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Johansen ML, Vincent J, Gittleman H, Craig SEL, Couce M, Sloan AE, Barnholtz-Sloan JS, Brady-Kalnay SM. A PTPmu Biomarker is Associated with Increased Survival in Gliomas. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102372. [PMID: 31091655 PMCID: PMC6566278 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
An integrated approach has been adopted by the World Health Organization (WHO) for diagnosing brain tumors. This approach relies on the molecular characterization of biopsied tissue in conjunction with standard histology. Diffuse gliomas (grade II to grade IV malignant brain tumors) have a wide range in overall survival, from months for the worst cases of glioblastoma (GBM) to years for lower grade astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors. We previously identified a change in the cell adhesion molecule PTPmu in brain tumors that results in the generation of proteolytic fragments. We developed agents to detect this cell surface-associated biomarker of the tumor microenvironment. In the current study, we evaluated the PTPmu biomarker in tissue microarrays and individual tumor samples of adolescent and young adult (n = 25) and adult (n = 69) glioma populations using a fluorescent histochemical reagent, SBK4-TR, that recognizes the PTPmu biomarker. We correlated staining with clinical data and found that high levels of the PTPmu biomarker correlate with increased survival of glioma patients, including those with GBM. Patients with high PTPmu live for 48 months on average, whereas PTPmu low patients live only 22 months. PTPmu high staining indicates a doubling of patient survival. Use of the agent to detect the PTPmu biomarker would allow differentiation of glioma patients with distinct survival outcomes and would complement current molecular approaches used in glioma prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette L Johansen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA.
| | - Jason Vincent
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA.
| | - Haley Gittleman
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Sonya E L Craig
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA.
| | - Marta Couce
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Seidman Cancer Center and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Andrew E Sloan
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Seidman Cancer Center and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Jill S Barnholtz-Sloan
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
| | - Susann M Brady-Kalnay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-4960, USA.
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
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11
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Liu J, Zheng J, Nie H, Zhang D, Cao D, Xing Z, Li B, Jia L. Molybdenum disulfide-based hyaluronic acid-guided multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform for magnetic resonance imaging and synergetic chemo-photothermal therapy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 548:131-144. [PMID: 30991180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.04.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The construction of multifunctional theranostic nanoplatforms to integrate accurate imaging and enhanced therapy to treat tumors is highly attractive but remains a challenge. Here, we developed a molybdenum disulfide (MoS2)-based hyaluronic acid (HA)-functionalized nanoplatform capable of achieving the targeted co-delivery of the gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (CAs) and the anticancer drug gefitinib (Gef) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and synergetic chemo-photothermal therapy of tumors. Gd3+ ions were coupled to HA-grafted MoS2 nanosheets with diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) as a linker, followed by the incorporation of Gef. The resulting MoS2-HA-DTPA-Gd/Gef exhibited enhanced relaxivity, 3.3 times greater than that of the commercial CA DTPA-Gd, which facilitated the MRI in vivo. Moreover, the nanoplatform effectively converted the absorbed near-infrared (NIR) light into heat, which not only induced the photothermal ablation of cancer cells but also triggered the release of Gef from MoS2-HA-DTPA-Gd/Gef, enabling the synergetic chemo-photothermal therapy. The results of in vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that MoS2-HA-DTPA-Gd/Gef upon NIR irradiation effectively blocked the phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling pathway and activated apoptosis-related proteins to induce cell apoptosis and suppress cell proliferation, thus inhibiting the tumor growth in lung cancer cell-bearing mice. Taken together, this multifunctional theranostic nanoplatform has significant promise for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Liu
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of the State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Junxia Zheng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of the State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Huifang Nie
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of the State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Doudou Zhang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of the State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Dairong Cao
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Zhen Xing
- Department of Radiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350005, China
| | - Bifei Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of the State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Lee Jia
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, and Pharmaceutical Photocatalysis of the State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China; Institute of Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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12
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Abstract
Molecular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides information non-invasively at cellular and molecular levels, for both early diagnosis and monitoring therapeutic follow-up. This imaging technique requires the development of a new class of contrast agents, which signal changes (typically becomes enhanced) when in presence of the cellular or molecular process to be evaluated. Even if molecular MRI has had a prominent role in the advances in medicine over the past two decades, the large majority of the developed probes to date are still in preclinical level, or eventually in phase I or II clinical trials. The development of novel imaging probes is an emergent active research domain. This review focuses on gadolinium-based specific-targeted contrast agents, providing rational design considerations and examples of the strategies recently reported in the literature.
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13
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Taylor SK, Tran TH, Liu MZ, Harris PE, Sun Y, Jambawalikar SR, Tong L, Stojanovic MN. Insulin Hexamer-Caged Gadolinium Ion as MRI Contrast-o-phore. Chemistry 2018; 24:10646-10652. [PMID: 29873848 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201801388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
High-relaxivity protein-complexes of GdIII are being pursued as MRI contrast agents in hope that they can be used at much lower doses that would minimize toxic-side effects of GdIII release from traditional contrast agents. We construct here a new type of protein-based MRI contrast agent, a proteinaceous cage based on a stable insulin hexamer in which GdIII is captured inside a water filled cavity. The macromolecular structure and the large number of "free" GdIII coordination sites available for water binding lead to exceptionally high relaxivities per one GdIII ion. The GdIII slowly diffuses out of this cage, but this diffusion can be prevented by addition of ligands that bind to the hexamer. The ligands that trigger structural changes in the hexamer, SCN- , Cl- and phenols, modulate relaxivities through an outside-in signaling that is allosterically transduced through the protein cage. Contrast-o-phores based on protein-caged metal ions have potential to become clinical contrast agents with environmentally-sensitive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven K Taylor
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th St., Box 84, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Timothy H Tran
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Michael Z Liu
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, 177 Ft Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Paul E Harris
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th St., Box 84, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Yanping Sun
- Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University, 622 W. 168th St., New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Sachin R Jambawalikar
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University, 177 Ft Washington Ave, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Liang Tong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Milan N Stojanovic
- Departments of Medicine, Biomedical Engineering and Systems Biology, Columbia University, 630 W. 168th St., Box 84, New York, NY, 10032, USA
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