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Foli LP, Hespanhol MC, Cruz KAML, Pasquini C. Miniaturized Near-Infrared spectrophotometers in forensic analytical science - a critical review. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 315:124297. [PMID: 38640625 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
The advent of miniaturized NIR instruments, also known as compact, portable, or handheld, is revolutionizing how technology can be employed in forensics. In-field analysis becomes feasible and affordable with these new instruments, and a series of methods has been developed to provide the police and official agents with objective, easy-to-use, tailored, and accurate qualitative and quantitative forensic results. This work discusses the main aspects and presents a comprehensive and critical review of compact NIR spectrophotometers associated with analytical protocols to produce information on forensic matters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia P Foli
- Grupo de Análise e Educação para a Sustentabilidade, Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Maria C Hespanhol
- Grupo de Análise e Educação para a Sustentabilidade, Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Kaíque A M L Cruz
- Grupo de Análise e Educação para a Sustentabilidade, Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Av. P. H. Rolfs, s/n, Viçosa, MG, 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Celio Pasquini
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Rua Monteiro Lobato, 290, Campinas, SP 13083-862, Brazil.
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2
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Gullifa G, Barone L, Papa E, Giuffrida A, Materazzi S, Risoluti R. Portable NIR spectroscopy: the route to green analytical chemistry. Front Chem 2023; 11:1214825. [PMID: 37818482 PMCID: PMC10561305 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1214825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There is a growing interest for cost-effective and nondestructive analytical techniques in both research and application fields. The growing approach by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRs) pushes to develop handheld devices devoted to be easily applied for in situ determinations. Consequently, portable NIR spectrometers actually result definitively recognized as powerful instruments, able to perform nondestructive, online, or in situ analyses, and useful tools characterized by increasingly smaller size, lower cost, higher robustness, easy-to-use by operator, portable and with ergonomic profile. Chemometrics play a fundamental role to obtain useful and meaningful results from NIR spectra. In this review, portable NIRs applications, published in the period 2019-2022, have been selected to indicate starting references. These publications have been chosen among the many examples of the most recent applications to demonstrate the potential of this analytical approach which, not having the need for extraction processes or any other pre-treatment of the sample under examination, can be considered the "true green analytical chemistry" which allows the analysis where the sample to be characterized is located. In the case of industrial processes or plant or animal samples, it is even possible to follow the variation or evolution of fundamental parameters over time. Publications of specific applications in this field continuously appear in the literature, often in unfamiliar journal or in dedicated special issues. This review aims to give starting references, sometimes not easy to be found.
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Affiliation(s)
- G. Gullifa
- Department of Chemistry, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - L. Barone
- Department of Chemistry, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - E. Papa
- Department of Chemistry, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Giuffrida
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - S. Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - R. Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, “Sapienza” Università di Roma, Rome, Italy
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3
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van Damme IM, Mestres-Fitó P, Ramaker HJ, Hulsbergen AWC, van der Heijden AEDM, Kranenburg RF, van Asten AC. Rapid and On-Scene Chemical Identification of Intact Explosives with Portable Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Multivariate Data Analysis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:3804. [PMID: 37112149 PMCID: PMC10146942 DOI: 10.3390/s23083804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
There is an ongoing forensic and security need for rapid, on-scene, easy-to-use, non-invasive chemical identification of intact energetic materials at pre-explosion crime scenes. Recent technological advances in instrument miniaturization, wireless transfer and cloud storage of digital data, and multivariate data analysis have created new and very promising options for the use of near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in forensic science. This study shows that in addition to drugs of abuse, portable NIR spectroscopy with multivariate data analysis also offers excellent opportunities to identify intact energetic materials and mixtures. NIR is able to characterize a broad range of chemicals of interest in forensic explosive investigations, covering both organic and inorganic compounds. NIR characterization of actual forensic casework samples convincingly shows that this technique can handle the chemical diversity encountered in forensic explosive investigations. The detailed chemical information contained in the 1350-2550 nm NIR reflectance spectrum allows for correct compound identification within a given class of energetic materials, including nitro-aromatics, nitro-amines, nitrate esters, and peroxides. In addition, the detailed characterization of mixtures of energetic materials, such as plastic formulations containing PETN (pentaerythritol tetranitrate) and RDX (trinitro triazinane), is feasible. The results presented illustrate that the NIR spectra of energetic compounds and mixtures are sufficiently selective to prevent false-positive results for a broad range of food-related products, household chemicals, raw materials used for the production of home-made explosives, drugs of abuse, and products that are sometimes used to create hoax improvised explosive devices. However, for frequently encountered pyrotechnic mixtures, such as black powder, flash powder, and smokeless powder, and some basic inorganic raw materials, the application of NIR spectroscopy remains challenging. Another challenge is presented by casework samples of contaminated, aged, and degraded energetic materials or poor-quality HMEs (home-made explosives), for which the spectral signature deviates significantly from the reference spectra, potentially leading to false-negative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene M. van Damme
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI), Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497 GB Den Haag, The Netherlands
| | - Pol Mestres-Fitó
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Henk-Jan Ramaker
- TIPb, Koningin Wilhelminaplein 30, 1062 KR Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Ruben F. Kranenburg
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Dutch National Police, Unit Amsterdam, Forensic Laboratory, Kabelweg 25, 1014 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Arian C. van Asten
- Van ’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Netherlands Forensic Institute (NFI), Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497 GB Den Haag, The Netherlands
- Co van Ledden Hulsebosch Center (CLHC), Amsterdam Center for Forensic Science and Medicine, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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4
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On-Line Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis: An Update-Part 2: EGA-FTIR. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248926. [PMID: 36558054 PMCID: PMC9788466 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The on-line thermally induced evolved gas analysis (OLTI-EGA) is widely applied in many different fields. Aimed to update the applications, our group has systematically collected and published examples of EGA characterizations. Following the recently published review on EGA-MS applications, this second part reviews the latest applications of Evolved Gas Analysis performed by on-line coupling heating devices to infrared spectrometers (EGA-FTIR). The selected 2019, 2020, 2021 and early 2022 references are collected and briefly described in this review; these are useful to help researchers to easily find applications that are sometimes difficult to locate.
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5
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Detection of the Alcohol Fermentation Process in Vinegar Production with a Digital Micro-Mirror based NIR Spectra set-up and Chemometrics. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.105036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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6
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Duan C, Li J, Zhang Y, Ding K, Geng X, Guan Y. Portable instruments for on-site analysis of environmental samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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7
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Sauzier G, van Bronswijk W, Lewis SW. Chemometrics in forensic science: approaches and applications. Analyst 2021; 146:2415-2448. [PMID: 33729240 DOI: 10.1039/d1an00082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Forensic investigations are often reliant on physical evidence to reconstruct events surrounding a crime. However, there remains a need for more objective approaches to evidential interpretation, along with rigorously validated procedures for handling, storage and analysis. Chemometrics has been recognised as a powerful tool within forensic science for interpretation and optimisation of analytical procedures. However, careful consideration must be given to factors such as sampling, validation and underpinning study design. This tutorial review aims to provide an accessible overview of chemometric methods within the context of forensic science. The review begins with an overview of selected chemometric techniques, followed by a broad review of studies demonstrating the utility of chemometrics across various forensic disciplines. The tutorial review ends with the discussion of the challenges and emerging trends in this rapidly growing field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgina Sauzier
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
| | - Wilhelm van Bronswijk
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
| | - Simon W Lewis
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
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8
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Tortorella S, Cinti S. How Can Chemometrics Support the Development of Point of Need Devices? Anal Chem 2021; 93:2713-2722. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tortorella
- Molecular Horizon srl, Via Montelino 30, 06084 Bettona, Perugia, Italy
| | - Stefano Cinti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples “Federico II”, Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131 Naples, Italy
- BAT Center−Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology, University of Napoli “Federico II”, 80055 Portici, Naples, Italy
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Beć KB, Grabska J, Huck CW. Principles and Applications of Miniaturized Near-Infrared (NIR) Spectrometers. Chemistry 2021; 27:1514-1532. [PMID: 32820844 PMCID: PMC7894516 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review article focuses on the principles and applications of miniaturized near-infrared (NIR) spectrometers. This technology and its applicability has advanced considerably over the last few years and revolutionized several fields of application. What is particularly remarkable is that the applications have a distinctly diverse nature, ranging from agriculture and the food sector, through to materials science, industry and environmental studies. Unlike a rather uniform design of a mature benchtop FTNIR spectrometer, miniaturized instruments employ diverse technological solutions, which have an impact on their operational characteristics. Continuous progress leads to new instruments appearing on the market. The current focus in analytical NIR spectroscopy is on the evaluation of the devices and associated methods, and to systematic characterization of their performance profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof B. Beć
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and RadiochemistryCCB-Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineLeopold-Franzens UniversityInnrain 80/826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Justyna Grabska
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and RadiochemistryCCB-Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineLeopold-Franzens UniversityInnrain 80/826020InnsbruckAustria
| | - Christian W. Huck
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry and RadiochemistryCCB-Center for Chemistry and BiomedicineLeopold-Franzens UniversityInnrain 80/826020InnsbruckAustria
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Risoluti R, Gullifa G, Materazi S. Assessing the Quality of Milk Using a Multicomponent Analytical Platform MicroNIR/Chemometric. Front Chem 2020; 8:614718. [PMID: 33335892 PMCID: PMC7736405 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.614718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, an innovative screening platform based on MicroNIR and chemometrics is proposed for the on-site and contactless monitoring of the quality of milk using simultaneous multicomponent analysis. The novelty of this completely automated tool consists of a miniaturized NIR spectrometer operating in a wireless mode that allows samples to be processed in a rapid and accurate way and to obtain in a single click a comprehensive characterization of the chemical composition of milk. To optimize the platform, milk specimens with different origins and compositions were considered and prediction models were developed by chemometric analysis of the NIR spectra using Partial Least Square regression algorithms. Once calibrated, the platform was used to predict samples acquired in the market and validation was performed by comparing results of the novel platform with those obtained from the chromatographic analysis. Results demonstrated the ability of the platform to differentiate milk as a function of the distribution of fatty acids, providing a rapid and non-destructive method to assess the quality of milk and to avoid food adulteration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Stefano Materazi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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11
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Risoluti R, Gullifa G, Battistini A, Materazzi S. Development of a "single-click" analytical platform for the detection of cannabinoids in hemp seed oil. RSC Adv 2020; 10:43394-43399. [PMID: 35519692 PMCID: PMC9058129 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra07142k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, an innovative screening platform is developed and validated for the on site detection of cannabinoids in hemp seed oil, for food safety control of commercial products. The novelty of this completely automated tool consists of a miniaturized NIR spectrometer operating in a wireless mode that permits processing samples in a rapid and accurate way and to obtain in a single click the early detection of a residual amount of cannabinoids in oil, including cannabidiol (CBD), the psychoactive Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and the Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinolic acid (THCA). Simulated samples were realized to instruct the platform and prediction models were developed by chemometric analysis of the NIR spectra using partial least square regression algorithms. Once calibrated, the platform was used to predict samples acquired in the market and on websites. Validation of the system was achieved by comparing results with those obtained from GC-MS analyses and a good correlation was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome p.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy +390649387137 +390649913616
| | - Giuseppina Gullifa
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome p.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy +390649387137 +390649913616
| | - Alfredo Battistini
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria, Centro di Politiche e Bioeconomia via Pò 14 00198 Italy
| | - Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome p.le A. Moro 5 00185 Rome Italy +390649387137 +390649913616
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12
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Risoluti R, Gullifa G, Battistini A, Materazzi S. The detection of cannabinoids in veterinary feeds by microNIR/chemometrics: a new analytical platform. Analyst 2020; 145:1777-1782. [PMID: 31915770 DOI: 10.1039/c9an01854a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the capabilities of a novel miniaturized and portable microNIR spectrometer were investigated in order to propose a practical and intelligible test allowing the rapid and easy screening of cannabinoids in veterinary feeds. In order to develop a predictive model that could identify and simultaneously quantify the residual amounts of cannabinoids, specimens from popular veterinary feeds were considered and spiked with increasing amounts of cannabidiol (CBD), Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and cannabigerol (CBG). Partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) and partial least squares regression (PLSr) were applied for the simultaneous detection and quantification of cannabinoids. The results demonstrated that the microNIR/chemometric platform could statistically identify the presence of CBD, THC and CBG in the simulated samples containing cannabinoids from 0.001 to 0.01%w/w, with the accuracy and sensitivity of the official reference methods actually proposed. The method was checked against false positive and true positive responses, and the results proved to be those required for confirmatory analyses, permitting to provide a fast and accurate method for monitoring cannabinoids in veterinary feeds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry - "Sapienza" University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Gullifa
- Department of Chemistry - "Sapienza" University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Battistini
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria - Centro di Politiche e Bioeconomia, via Pò 14, 00198, Italy
| | - Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry - "Sapienza" University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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Innovative screening test for the early detection of sickle cell anemia. Talanta 2020; 219:121243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Risoluti R, Gullifa G, Carcassi E, Masotti A, Materazzi S. TGA/Chemometrics addressing innovative preparation strategies for functionalized carbon nanotubes. J Pharm Anal 2020; 10:351-355. [PMID: 32923009 PMCID: PMC7474104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, functionalized carbon nanotubes (CNTs) using two polyamine polymers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM), were investigated by thermal analysis in order to address preparation strategies to obtain low cytotoxic compounds with the ability to conjugate microRNAs and, at the same time, to transfect efficiently endothelial cells. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was coupled to chemometrics as a novel analytical strategy to characterize functionalized CNTs from different preparation conditions. In particular, two starting materials were considered: very small CNTs and carboxylated CNTs (CNT-COOH) in order to examine the affinity with polymers. Chemometrics permitted to compare results from TGA and to investigate the effect of a number of factors affecting the synthesis of coated nanotubes including a different amount of involved polymer and the time required for the suspension for a satisfactory and reproducible preparation procedure. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of TGA as a tool able to address synthesis of coated CNTs to be employed as efficient drug delivery vectors in biomedical applications. TGA/Chemometrics addresses the preparation of functionalized carbon nanotubes for biomedical applications. Characterization of innovative polymer based biovectors by multivariate statistical analysis applied to thermogravimetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza", University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Gullifa
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza", University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Carcassi
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza", University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Masotti
- Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Research Laboratories, v.le di San Paolo 15, 00146, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza", University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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Giuffrè O, Aiello D, Chillè D, Napoli A, Foti C. Binding ability of arsenate towards Cu 2+ and Zn 2+: thermodynamic behavior and simulation under natural water conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. PROCESSES & IMPACTS 2020; 22:1731-1742. [PMID: 32672306 DOI: 10.1039/d0em00136h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A study on the sequestering ability between arsenate, AsO43-, and Cu2+ and Zn2+ in aqueous solution is reported. The results of the elaboration of potentiometric data include only species with 1 : 1 metal to ligand ratio for Cu2+-arsenate system, namely CuLH2, CuLH, CuL, and CuLOH (L = AsO43-). For the Zn2+-arsenate system, a speciation model with only two species with both 1 : 1 and 1 : 2 metal to ligand ratios was obtained, namely ML and ML2. Spectrophotometric titrations were also employed in the study of the Cu2+-AsO43- system, and the results of the analysis of experimental data fully confirmed potentiometric ones. The potentiometric titrations were performed under different conditions of temperature (288.15 ≤ T/K ≤ 310.15, at I = 0.15 mol L-1) and ionic strength (0.15 ≤ I/mol L-1 ≤ 1 in NaCl). The dependence of formation constants of the complex species on ionic strength and temperature was also evaluated, as well as the enthalpy and entropy change values were obtained. Laser desorption mass spectrometry (LD MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) were exploited to confirm Cu2+-AsO43- and Zn2+-AsO43- complex formation and to determine both their composition and structural characteristics. Simulation of speciation profiles under natural water conditions was performed. The sequestering ability of arsenate towards Cu2+ and Zn2+ was quantified under different conditions of pH, temperature and ionic strength, typical of several natural waters. Examples of arsenate distribution under seawater and freshwater conditions were reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ottavia Giuffrè
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Donatella Aiello
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Donatella Chillè
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
| | - Anna Napoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Claudia Foti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali, Università di Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres 31, 98166 Messina, Italy.
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16
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Risoluti R, Caprari P, Gullifa G, Massimi S, Maffei L, Sorrentino F, Carcassi E, Materazzi S. An Innovative Multilevel Test for Hemoglobinopathies: TGA/Chemometrics Simultaneously Identifies and Classifies Sickle Cell Disease From Thalassemia. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:141. [PMID: 32850950 PMCID: PMC7396684 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Hemoglobinopathies are the most common genetic disorder wordlwide and because of migrations are become an emerging global health problem. Screening programmes for Sickle cell disease and Thalassemia have been implemented in some countries, but are not a common practice, due to a lack in the accuracy of the methods and to the costs of the analyses. Objectives: The objective of this study was the application of the thermogravimetry coupled to chemometrics as new screening method to perform an early diagnosis of thalassemia and sickle cell disease. Methods: Whole blood samples (30 μL) from sickle cell anemia and thalassemia patients were analyzed using the thermobalance TG7 and the resulting curves were compared with those of healthy individuals. A chemometric approach based on Principal Components Analysis (PCA) was exploited to enhance correlation between thermogravimetric profiles and a model of prediction by Partial Least Square Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) was developed and validated. Results: The characteristic profile of the blood sample thermal decomposition and the first derivative of the TG curve showed that patients were clearly distinguished from healthy individuals as a result of different amounts of water and corpuscular fraction of blood. The chemometric approach based on PCA allowed a quick identification of differences between healthy subjects and patients and also between thalassemic and sickle cell anemia subjects. Chemometric tools (PLS-DA) were used to validate a model of prediction to process the thermogravimetric curves and to obtain in 1 h an accurate diagnosis. The TGA/Chemometric test permitted to perform first level test for hemoglobinopathies with the same accuracy of confirmatory analyses obtained by the molecular investigation. Conclusions: A screening test based on the coupling of thermogravimetry and chemometrics was optimized for the differential diagnosis of hemoglobinopathies. The novel test is able to simultaneously perform a simple and fast diagnosis of sickle cell anemia or thalassemia, in a single analysis of few microliters of non-pretreated whole blood at low cost, and with high accuracy. Moreover this method results particularly suitable in pediatric patients as it requires small sample volumes and is able to characterize also transfused patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Caprari
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Sara Massimi
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Maffei
- Thalassemia Unit, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Elena Carcassi
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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Materazzi S, Caprari P, Gullifa G, Massimi S, Carcassi E, Risoluti R. Development of a novel test for the identification of hereditary erythrocyte membrane defects by TGA/Chemometrics. Analyst 2020; 145:4452-4456. [PMID: 32478764 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00649a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Systematic screening for congenital erythrocyte disorders is not a common practice, due to a lack in the accuracy of the methods and to the costs of the analyses. As a consequence, the diagnosis is usually made when a severe complication occurs. This study introduces an innovative method to perform the screening of a hereditary disease characterized by erythrocyte membrane defects such as hereditary spherocytosis (HS) and hereditary elliptocytosis (HE). Blood samples from healthy donors and patients affected by HS and HE were processed by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the resulting curves were analyzed by chemometrics in order to develop a model of prediction. A novel test was developed and validated by chemometrics and results were found to be in accordance with the genetic diagnosis, confirming the prediction ability of the optimized model that uses few microliters of whole non pretreated blood to perform the diagnosis of HS/HE in less than one hour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry -"Sapienza" University of Rome, p.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
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18
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Klapec DJ, Czarnopys G, Pannuto J. Interpol review of detection and characterization of explosives and explosives residues 2016-2019. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2020; 2:670-700. [PMID: 33385149 PMCID: PMC7770463 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2020.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
This review paper covers the forensic-relevant literature for the analysis and detection of explosives and explosives residues from 2016-2019 as a part of the 19th Interpol International Forensic Science Managers Symposium. The review papers are also available at the Interpol website at: https://www.interpol.int/Resources/Documents#Publications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas J. Klapec
- United States Department of Justice, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Forensic Science Laboratory, 6000 Ammendale Road, Ammendale, MD, 20705, USA
| | - Greg Czarnopys
- United States Department of Justice, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Forensic Science Laboratory, 6000 Ammendale Road, Ammendale, MD, 20705, USA
| | - Julie Pannuto
- United States Department of Justice, Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, Forensic Science Laboratory, 6000 Ammendale Road, Ammendale, MD, 20705, USA
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19
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Parastar H, van Kollenburg G, Weesepoel Y, van den Doel A, Buydens L, Jansen J. Integration of handheld NIR and machine learning to “Measure & Monitor” chicken meat authenticity. Food Control 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2020.107149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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20
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Monitoring of cannabinoids in hemp flours by MicroNIR/Chemometrics. Talanta 2020; 211:120672. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Sorrentino F, Maffei L, Caprari P, Cassetta R, Dell'Anna D, Materazzi S, Risoluti R. Pregnancy in Thalassemia and Sickle Cell Disease: The Experience of an Italian Thalassemia Center. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:16. [PMID: 32118041 PMCID: PMC7033579 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The life expectancy of thalassemia patients has increased significantly in recent years being the most "elderly" patients approaching or are over 50 years old. Consequently, patients' perspectives have changed, leading them to longer-term planning with a consequent increase in their reproductive potential and desire to have children. Crucial points in the management of pregnancy in thalassemia are the iron chelation therapy before and during pregnancy, the antithrombotic prophylaxis, the management of transfusion therapy according to the modified transfusion requirement, a cardiologic monitoring for hemodynamic changes that expose an increased risk of heart failure. Pregnancy in women with sickle cell disease is still associated with increased rates of maternal and fetal mortality and adverse outcomes. Maternal morbidity may be due to acute sickling crises, thromboembolism, infection, and chronic end-organ dysfunction, while neonatal outcomes may be intrauterine growth retardation, preterm delivery, small infants for gestational age, stillbirth, and neonatal death. The management of pregnancy in thalassemia and sickle cell disease requires to be approached by a multidisciplinary team and followed from the pre-conception phase until the post-partum period with a close monitoring of the maternal and fetal conditions, in order to ensure optimal outcome. This approach requires the application of well-defined protocols that cover all the critical aspects of pregnancies in women affected by these pathologies. We describe our experience of spontaneous and non-spontaneous pregnancies in patients with thalassemia major and intermedia and sickle cell disease followed between 1992 and 2018 at the Thalassemia Unit of S. Eugenio Hospital of Rome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Maffei
- Thalassemia Unit, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Caprari
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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22
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Risoluti R, Gullifa G, Buiarelli F, Materazzi S. Real time detection of amphetamine in oral fluids by MicroNIR/Chemometrics. Talanta 2020; 208:120456. [PMID: 31816788 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a novel coupled approach MicroNIR/Chemometrics based on a miniaturized and portable spectrometer is proposed for the on site detection of amphetamines (AMP) in non pretreated oral fluids. In particular, the coupling of MicroNIR with chemometrics was investigated with the aim of developing a fast and accurate approach able to perform the on-site prediction of AMP abuse. A predictive model to be used in real cases was developed by collecting specimens from volunteers and spiked samples with increasing amounts of AMP were prepared to optimize calibration. Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Partial Least Square regression (PLS) were involved to detect and quantify AMP. Results demonstrated that MicroNIR/Chemometric platform is statistically able to identify AMP abuse in simulated oral fluid samples containing, with the accuracy and sensitivity of the actual proposed official reference methods. The method was checked against false positive and true positive response and results proved to be those required for confirmatory analyses. This method would permit to simplify AMP abuse monitoring for roadside drug testing or workplace surveillance and may be of help at first aid points.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry -"Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A.Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Gullifa
- Department of Chemistry -"Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A.Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesca Buiarelli
- Department of Chemistry -"Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A.Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry -"Sapienza" University of Rome, P.le A.Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
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23
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Dossi N, Toniolo R, Terzi F, Grazioli C, Svigelj R, Gobbi F, Bontempelli G. A Simple Strategy for Easily Assembling 3D Printed Miniaturized Cells Suitable for Simultaneous Electrochemical and Spectrophotometric Analyses. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201900461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolò Dossi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Rosanna Toniolo
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Fabio Terzi
- Department of Chemical and Geological ScienceUniversity of Modena and Reggio Emilia via Campi 183 I-41125 Modena Italy
| | - Cristian Grazioli
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Rossella Svigelj
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Filippo Gobbi
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
| | - Gino Bontempelli
- Department of Agrifood, Environmental and Animal ScienceUniversity of Udine via Cotonificio 108 I-33100 Udine Italy
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24
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Maffei L, Sorrentino F, Caprari P, Taliani G, Massimi S, Risoluti R, Materazzi S. HCV Infection in Thalassemia Syndromes and Hemoglobinopathies: New Perspectives. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:7. [PMID: 32118034 PMCID: PMC7025587 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the most serious complications of transfusion therapy in the thalassemia and sickle cell disease (SCD) population before 1990; in fact, since 1990 serological tests were made available to detect infection in blood donors. The iron chelation therapy has improved the life expectancy of these patients and, consequently, a decrease in death due to heart disease may be observed, as well as an increase in liver disease due to the iron overload and HCV infection that lead to liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Until few years ago, the recommended therapy for HCV treatment consisted of pegylated-interferon alpha plus ribavirin, a therapy with important side effects. This treatment has been severely limited to thalassemic and SCD patients due to the hemolytic anemia induced by ribavirin causing an increase in the number of blood transfusions. The development of highly effective Direct-acting Antiviral Agents toward different viral genotypes has led to a real HCV eradication with negative viremia and sustained viral response between 90 and 98%. At the beginning some indications of Direct-acting Antiviral Agents administration were available for those patients exhibiting advanced cirrhosis or needing liver transplantation over time for the high costs of the new drugs. Recently, all treatment regimens can be used for patients with various HCV genotypes, different stages of liver disease, and comorbidities. The HCV eradication has also led to a marked improvement in the parameters of martial accumulation, demonstrating a synergic action also between the effect of antiviral therapy and iron chelation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Maffei
- Thalassemia Unit, S. Eugenio Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Caprari
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Gloria Taliani
- Chronic Infectious Diseases Unit, Policlinico Umberto I, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Sara Massimi
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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25
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Risoluti R, Caprari P, Gullifa G, Sorrentino F, Maffei L, Massimi S, Carcassi E, Materazzi S. Differential diagnosis of hereditary hemolytic anemias in a single multiscreening test by TGA/chemometrics. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7557-7560. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc02948c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A multi-screening test based on the coupling of thermogravimetry and chemometrics was optimized for the differential diagnosis of hereditary hemolytic anemias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrizia Caprari
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Italy
| | | | | | | | - Sara Massimi
- National Centre for the Control and Evaluation of Medicines
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità
- Italy
| | - Elena Carcassi
- Department of Chemistry – “Sapienza” University of Rome
- Italy
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26
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Risoluti R, Gullifa G, Battistini A, Materazzi S. MicroNIR/Chemometrics: A new analytical platform for fast and accurate detection of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in oral fluids. Drug Alcohol Depend 2019; 205:107578. [PMID: 31610296 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is already considered one of the most addictive substances since an increasing number of consumers/abusers of THC and THC based products are observed worldwide. In this work, the capabilities of a novel miniaturized and portable MicroNIR spectrometer were investigated in order to propose a practical and intelligible test allowing the rapid and easy screening of Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) oral fluids without any pretreatment. METHODS Specimens from volunteers were collected in order to consider any sources of variability in the spectral response and spiked with increasing amount of THC in order to realize predictive models to be used in real cases. Partial Least Square-Discriminant Analysis (PLS-DA) and Partial Least Square regression (PLSr) for the simultaneously detection and quantification of THC, were applied to baseline corrected spectra pre-treated by first derivative transform. RESULTS Results demonstrated that MicroNIR/Chemometric platform is statistically able to identify THC abuse in simulated oral fluid samples containing THC from 10 to 100 ng/ml, with a precision and a sensitivity of about 1.51% and 0.1% respectively. CONCLUSIONS The coupling MicroNIR/Chemometrics permits to simplify THC abuse monitoring for roadside drug testing or workplace surveillance and provides the rapid interpretation of results, as once the model is assessed, it can be used to process real samples in a "click-on" device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.
| | - Giuseppina Gullifa
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Alfredo Battistini
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agrarian, Centro di Politiche e Bioeconomia, via Pò 14, 00198, Italy
| | - Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry, "Sapienza" University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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27
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Risoluti R, Pichini S, Pacifici R, Materazzi S. Miniaturized analytical platform for cocaine detection in oral fluids by MicroNIR/Chemometrics. Talanta 2019; 202:546-553. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.04.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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28
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Modeling Solid State Stability for Speciation: A Ten-Year Long Study. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24163013. [PMID: 31434223 PMCID: PMC6720163 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24163013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Speciation studies are based on fundamental models that relate the properties of biomimetic coordination compounds to the stability of the complexes. In addition to the classic approach based on solution studies, solid state properties have been recently proposed as supporting tools to understand the bioavailability of the involved metal. A ten-year long systematic study of several different complexes of imidazole substituted ligands with transition metal ions led our group to the definition of a model based on experimental evidences. This model revealed to be a useful tool to predict the stability of such coordination complexes and is based on the induced behavior under thermal stress. Several different solid state complexes were characterized by Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis by Mass Spectrometry (TI-EGA-MS). This hyphenated technique provides fundamental information to determine the solid state properties and to create a model that relates stability to coordination. In this research, the model resulting from our ten-year long systematic study of complexes of transition metal ions with imidazole substituted ligands is described. In view of a systematic addition of information, new complexes of Cu(II), Zn(II), or Cd(II) with 2-propyl-4,5-imidazoledicarboxylic acid were precipitated, characterized, and studied by means of Thermally Induced Evolved Gas Analysis performed by mass spectrometry (TI-EGA-MS). The hyphenated approach was applied to enrich the information related to thermally induced steps, to confirm the supposed decomposition mechanism, and to determine the thermal stability of the studied complexes. Results, again, allowed supporting the theory that only two main characteristic and common thermally induced decomposition behaviors join the imidazole substituted complexes studied by our group. These two behaviors could be considered as typical trends and the model allowed to predict coordination behavior and to provide speciation information.
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29
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Investigation of Direct Model Transferability Using Miniature Near-Infrared Spectrometers. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101997. [PMID: 31137688 PMCID: PMC6571657 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent developments in compact near infrared (NIR) instruments, including both handheld and process instruments, have enabled easy and affordable deployment of multiple instruments for various field and online or inline applications. However, historically, instrument-to-instrument variations could prohibit success when applying calibration models developed on one instrument to additional instruments. Despite the usefulness of calibration transfer techniques, they are difficult to apply when a large number of instruments and/or a large number of classes are involved. Direct model transferability was investigated in this study using miniature near-infrared (MicroNIR™) spectrometers for both classification and quantification problems. For polymer classification, high cross-unit prediction success rates were achieved with both conventional chemometric algorithms and machine learning algorithms. For active pharmaceutical ingredient quantification, low cross-unit prediction errors were achieved with the most commonly used partial least squares (PLS) regression method. This direct model transferability is enabled by the robust design of the MicroNIR™ hardware and will make deployment of multiple spectrometers for various applications more manageable.
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30
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Bovens M, Ahrens B, Alberink I, Nordgaard A, Salonen T, Huhtala S. Chemometrics in forensic chemistry - Part I: Implications to the forensic workflow. Forensic Sci Int 2019; 301:82-90. [PMID: 31132550 DOI: 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The forensic literature shows a clear trend towards increasing use of chemometrics (i.e. multivariate analysis and other statistical methods). This can be seen in different disciplines such as drug profiling, arson debris analysis, spectral imaging, glass analysis, age determination, and more. In particular, current chemometric applications cover low-dimensional (e.g. drug impurity profiles) and high-dimensional data (e.g. Infrared and Raman spectra) and are therefore useful in many forensic disciplines. There is a dominant and increasing need in forensic chemistry for reliable and structured processing and interpretation of analytical data. This is especially true when classification (grouping) or profiling (batch comparison) is of interest. Chemometrics can provide additional information in complex crime cases and enhance productivity by improving the processes of data handling and interpretation in various applications. However, the use of chemometrics in everyday work tasks is often considered demanding by forensic scientists and, consequently, they are only reluctantly used. This article and following planned contributions are dedicated to those forensic chemists, interested in applying chemometrics but for any reasons are limited in the proper application of statistical tools - usually made for professionals - or the direct support of statisticians. Without claiming to be comprehensive, the literature reviewed revealed a sufficient overview towards the preferably used data handling and chemometric methods used to answer the forensic question. With this basis, a software tool will be designed (part of the EU project STEFA-G02) and handed out to forensic chemist with all necessary elements of data handling and evaluation. Because practical casework is less and less accompanied from the beginning to the end out of the same hand, more and more interfaces are built in through specialization of individuals. This article presents key influencing elements in the forensic workflow related to the most meaningful chemometric application and evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Bovens
- Zurich Forensic Science Institute, P.O. Box, 8021 Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - B Ahrens
- Federal Criminal Police Office, KT45, 65173 Wiesbaden, Germany
| | - I Alberink
- Netherlands Forensic Institute, Laan van Ypenburg 6, 2497 GB, The Hague, The Netherlands
| | - A Nordgaard
- National Forensic Centre, Swedish Police Authority, 58194 Linköping, Sweden
| | - T Salonen
- University of Helsinki, Faculty of Science, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2, University of Helsinki, 00014, Finland
| | - S Huhtala
- National Bureau of Investigation, Jokiniemenkuja 4, 01370 Vantaa, Finland
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31
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Risoluti R, Canepari S, Frati P, Fineschi V, Materazzi S. “2n Analytical Platform” To Update Procedures in Thanatochemistry: Estimation of Post Mortem Interval in Vitreous Humor. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7025-7031. [PMID: 31059231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Silvia Canepari
- Department of Chemistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paola Frati
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, “Sapienza”, University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Vittorio Fineschi
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopaedic Sciences, “Sapienza”, University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry, “Sapienza” University of Rome, p.le A.Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
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32
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Risoluti R, Gullifa G, Battistini A, Materazzi S. "Lab-on-Click" Detection of Illicit Drugs in Oral Fluids by MicroNIR-Chemometrics. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6435-6439. [PMID: 31034204 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel, entirely automated MicroNIR-chemometric platform was developed for the "lab-on-click" detection of illicit drugs in nonpretreated oral fluids, and a novel tool for the first-level test is proposed. Calibration of the method was achieved by collecting oral-fluid specimens from volunteers, and chemometric analysis was considered for the development of models for prediction for cocaine, amphetamine, and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol. In addition, a comprehensive model was optimized for the simultaneous prediction of positive-negative samples and the specific illicit drug used by abusers in a single "click". The detection ability of the method was checked for true-positive and false-positive outcomes, and results were validated by a GC-MS reference official method. The MicroNIR-chemometric platform provided the simultaneous prediction of the three most frequently abused addictive drugs with the sensitivity and accuracy of the confirmatory analyses, offering the advantages of rapidity and simplicity and demonstrating that it is a promising tool for supporting public-health surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , 00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Giuseppina Gullifa
- Department of Chemistry , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , 00185 Rome , Italy
| | - Alfredo Battistini
- Consiglio per la ricerca in agricoltura e l'analisi dell'economia agraria , Centro di Politiche e Bioeconomia , via Pò 14 , 00198 Rome , Italy
| | - Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Piazzale Aldo Moro 5 , 00185 Rome , Italy
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33
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Risoluti R, Materazzi S. MicroNIR/Chemometrics Assessement of Occupational Exposure to Hydroxyurea. Front Chem 2018; 6:228. [PMID: 29974049 PMCID: PMC6020770 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Portable Near Infrared spectroscopy (NIRs) coupled to chemometrics was investigated for the first time as a novel entirely on-site approach for occupational exposure monitoring in pharmaceutical field. Due to a significant increase in the number of patients receiving chemotherapy, the development of reliable, fast, and on-site analytical methods to assess the occupational exposure of workers in the manufacture of pharmaceutical products, has become more and more required. In this work, a fast, accurate, and sensitive detection of hydroxyurea, a cytotoxic antineoplastic agent commonly used in chemotherapy, was developed. Occupational exposure to antineoplastic agents was evaluated by collecting hydroxyurea on a membrane filter during routine drug manufacturing process. Spectra were acquired in the NIR region in reflectance mode by the means of a miniaturized NIR spectrometer coupled with chemometrics. This MicroNIR instrument is a very ultra-compact portable device with a particular geometry and optical resolution designed in such a manner that the reduction in size does not compromise the performances of the spectrometer. The developed method could detect up to 50 ng of hydroxyurea directly measured on the sampling filter membrane, irrespective of complexity and variability of the matrix; thus extending the applicability of miniaturized NIR instruments in pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza - University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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34
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Risoluti R, Materazzi S, Tau F, Russo A, Romolo FS. Towards innovation in paper dating: a MicroNIR analytical platform and chemometrics. Analyst 2018; 143:4394-4399. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an00871j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using a miniaturized near infrared spectrometer associated to chemometrics we developed a rapid and non destructive procedure to characterise paper and investigate its aging with the aim of solving dating problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Risoluti
- Department of Chemistry
- Sapienza – University of Rome
- piazzale Aldo Moro 5
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Stefano Materazzi
- Department of Chemistry
- Sapienza – University of Rome
- piazzale Aldo Moro 5
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Federica Tau
- Department of Chemistry
- Sapienza – University of Rome
- piazzale Aldo Moro 5
- 00185 Rome
- Italy
| | - Amalia Russo
- “Archivist
- Bibliography and librarianship” and “Diagnostic lab and Book Conservation”
- “Suor Orsola Benincasa” University of Naples
- Convento di S. Caterina da Siena
- Naples
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