1
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Yang X, Wang J, Chang G, Sun C, Wu Q, Wang Z. Post-synthetic modification of covalent organic framework for efficient adsorption of organochlorine pesticides from cattle's milk. Food Chem 2024; 439:138182. [PMID: 38100880 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Analysis of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) residues in milk faces a significant challenge. Herein, a sea urchin structured covalent organic framework bearing boric acid groups named COF-B(OH)2 was synthesized and applied as a coating material for solid-phase microextraction (SPME) of the OCPs in cattle's milk. Its performance was superior to that of three commonly used commercial SPME fibers, which could be due to the coexistence of hydrogen bonding, halogen bonding, π-stacking and electrostatic interactions. Besides, the fiber coating displayed good stability and reusability. After optimization, a COF-B(OH)2 based SPME coupled with gas chromatography-electron capture detection was established for the sensitive detection of the OCPs from milk samples. The limits of detection (S/N = 3) were between 0.04 and 1.00 μg kg-1. Satisfactory accuracy was achieved with the method recoveries in the range of 87.5 % to 112.5 %. These results manifest the feasibility of the COF-B(OH)2 coated fiber for the enrichment of the trace OCPs from milk samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
| | - Junmin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Guifen Chang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Cuihong Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Qiuhua Wu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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2
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Naccarato A, Elliani R, Tagarelli A. A protocol based on solid phase microextraction -gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry for the monitoring of parabens and bisphenols in human saliva. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1707:464303. [PMID: 37607428 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
The herein presented work aims to the development of an easy method for the quantitative determination of parabens and bisphenols in human salivabased on the use of methyl chloroformate as a derivatizing agent, followed by solid-phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-QqQ-MS) analysis with selected reaction monitoring (SRM). Using multivariate analysis, two derivatization strategies were compared and optimized, demonstrating that the use of methyl chloroformate led to better sensitivity than the classical derivatization by acetic anhydride. Good performance in the sorption process of the derivatized target analytes was obtained using the most recent commercialized overcoated fiber (PDMS/DVB/PDMS). The validation procedure of the final protocol led to satisfactory results in terms of linearity, limit of quantitation, accuracy, and precision. All parabens were quantified from 10 ng/L using the developed method, except for methylparaben, which was quantified from 100 ng/L along with all bisphenols. Intra- and inter-day accuracy and intra- and inter-day precision can be considered satisfactory for all analytes (values between 73% and 118%), except for the inter-day accuracy of BPF. Quite good results also in terms of matrix effect were obtained for the target compounds (range 71% to 118%, RSD% less than 13.6%), except for BPA at the middle concentration and MeP at the lowest concentration. The greenness of the method was evaluated and the results indicated that our approach is more eco-friendly than previously published methods. Based on its characteristics, the presented method can be considered a suitable approach to determine parabens and bisphenols in routine analysis for biomonitoring purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Attilio Naccarato
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - Rosangela Elliani
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
| | - Antonio Tagarelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Tecnologie Chimiche, Università della Calabria, Via P. Bucci Cubo 12/C, I-87030 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
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3
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Zhou W, Wieczorek MN, Pawliszyn J. High throughput and automated solid-phase microextraction and determination by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for the analysis of mycotoxins in beer. Food Chem 2023; 426:136557. [PMID: 37311300 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
There is high demand for rapid screening of toxics in food analysis. In this study, a new high-throughput and automated solid-phase microextraction (SPME) system was employed for the sample preparation of mycotoxins in beers. Matrix compatible SPME blades with thin coating layer were used, which significantly decreased the matrix effects in beer samples (≤ 12%). This SPME system allows 96 samples to be processed automatically and simultaneously with average preparation time of 57 s per sample. After sample preparation, the 96-well plate with desorption solution was sealed with a thin film and put into the LC-MS sampler for analysis via positive/negative ESI switching mode. The results also showed good sensitivity (limits of detection between 0.02 and 3 ng/mL) with R2≥ 0.9971, reproducibility (intra- and inter-day ≤ 8% and ≤ 13%, respectively), and accuracy (recoveries between 79% and 121%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Martyna N Wieczorek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; Faculty of Food Science and Nutrition, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada.
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4
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Godage NH, Gionfriddo E. Biocompatible SPME coupled to GC/MS for analysis of xenobiotics in blood plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1203:123308. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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5
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Jafari M, Ghalehsefidi MJ, Habibi S. Application of numerical simulation to solid phase-microextraction for decreasing of extraction time of Pyrene and Phthalate esters on solid coatings. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1673:463113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Peng S, Huang X, Huang Y, Huang Y, Zheng J, Zhu F, Xu J, Ouyang G. Novel solid-phase microextraction fiber coatings: A review. J Sep Sci 2021; 45:282-304. [PMID: 34799963 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202100634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The materials used for the fabrication of solid-phase microextraction fiber coatings in the past five years are summarized in the current review, including carbon, metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, aerogel, polymer, ionic liquids/poly (ionic liquids), metal oxides, and natural materials. The preparation approaches of different coatings, such as sol-gel technique, in-situ growth, electrodeposition, and glue methods, are briefly reviewed together with the evolution of the supporting substrates. In addition, the limitations of the current coatings and the future development directions of solid-phase microextraction are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Peng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yuyan Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Yiquan Huang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Fang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jianqiao Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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7
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Nazdrajić E, Murtada K, Pawliszyn J. The Effect of Sorbent Particles in a Binder on the Mass Transfer Kinetics in Separation Media: In Silico Study and Experimental Verification. Anal Chem 2021; 93:14764-14772. [PMID: 34699167 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Selecting the optimal binder and the sorbent affinity for selected compounds can cause the composite to behave either as an efficient extraction coating, as a permeable membrane, or as an impermeable barrier. If the compound partitions onto the sorbent with high preference, it becomes stationary and the composite behaves as an impermeable barrier, while appropriately optimized affinity will result in effective permeation. To understand this phenomenon, we utilize solid-phase microextraction to characterize the mass transfer attributes of different separation composites. Our results indicate that for strong sorbents, the extraction rate is primarily controlled by the diffusion in the extraction phase rather than the sample matrix, even if it is relatively thin. Low analyte diffusion is caused by the retarding force generated by the partitioning of analytes into the sorbent, as migration through the composite is driven by the unbound form of the compound in the binder. One of the main contributions of this work is that an understanding of the extraction composite parameters that control mass transfer during extraction enables better optimization of binder/sorbent extraction phase composition for a given application. Another contribution of this work shows how a heterogeneous coating model can be simplified into a homogeneous coating model. The developed models enable an enhanced understanding of mass transfer kinetics, and they provide insight into how to optimize the extraction phase parameters for a given method involving sorbent particles in polymeric media, including membranes and paints, in addition to extraction coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emir Nazdrajić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Khaled Murtada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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8
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Thirukumaran M, Singh V, Arao Y, Fujito Y, Nishimura M, Ogura T, Pawliszyn J. Solid-phase microextraction- probe electrospray ionization devices for screening and quantitating drugs of abuse in small amounts of biofluids. Talanta 2021; 231:122317. [PMID: 33965011 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Probe electrospray ionization (PESI) is an ambient ionization mass spectrometry technique (AIMS) that is primarily used in qualitative studies, though researchers have recently combined it with sample preparation for the quantitative analysis of various analytes in biological matrices. This study presents a method that integrates solid-phase microextraction with PESI for direct coupling to a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer, and examines its ability to quantitate drugs of abuse. Intra- and inter-probe reproducibility experiments were conducted to assess the stability and reproducibility of the extraction-phase-coated PESI probes (coating length: 2 mm; coating thickness: 6.5 μm). This research is the first documented instance wherein highly sensitive determinations were successfully attained using these microextraction and micro-desorption techniques in conjunction with small volumes of sample and extraction phase. A mixture consisting of IPA/H2O (1/1 v/v) + 0.1% FA was determined to be the optimal desorption solvent for SPME-PESI-MS/MS, as it facilitated high analyte enrichment in a picolitre of the solvent, which acted at the same time as efficient electrospray media. Furthermore, a method of quantifying drugs of abuse in 30 μL of plasma without matrix modification was also developed. This method had an intra-day accuracy within the 80-120% range for all eight drugs of abuse at concentrations of 3, 30, and 90 pg μL-1; the exception to this result was lorazepam at 30 pg μL-1, which had an intra-day accuracy of 122%. The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) for fentanyl and nordiazepam was pg μL-1; the LLOQ for buprenorphine, codeine, diazepam, lorazepam, and propranolol was 5 pg μL-1; and the LLOQ of oxazepam was 10 pg μL-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milaan Thirukumaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Varoon Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Yohei Arao
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc., 7102 Riverwood Drive, Columbia, MD, 21046, USA; Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuka Fujito
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc., 7102 Riverwood Drive, Columbia, MD, 21046, USA
| | - Masayuki Nishimura
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc., 7102 Riverwood Drive, Columbia, MD, 21046, USA
| | - Tairo Ogura
- Shimadzu Scientific Instruments, Inc., 7102 Riverwood Drive, Columbia, MD, 21046, USA; Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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9
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Determination of selected volatile terpenes in fish samples via solid phase microextraction arrow coupled with GC-MS. Talanta 2021; 221:121446. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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10
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Ma R, Wang W, Wang Z, Zhang S, Li Z, Li J, Zang X, Wang C, Wang Z. Mesoporous covalent organic polymer nanospheres for the preconcentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their derivatives. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1624:461217. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2020.461217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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11
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Abstract
Thirty years since the invention and public disclosure of solid phase microextraction (SPME), the technology continues evolving and inspiring several other green extraction technologies amenable for the collection of small molecules present in complex matrices. In this manuscript, we review the fundamental and operational aspects of a novel SPME geometry that can be used to “hunt” target molecules in complex matrices: the SPME Arrow. In addition, a series of applications in environmental, food, cannabis and forensic analysis are succinctly covered. Finally, special emphasis is placed on novel interfaces to analytical instrumentation, as well as recent developments in coating materials for the SPME Arrow.
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12
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Kenessov B, Derbissalin M, Koziel JA, Kosyakov DS. Modeling solid-phase microextraction of volatile organic compounds by porous coatings using finite element analysis. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1076:73-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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13
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Acquaro Junior VR, Rodrigues JP, Moraes LAB. Solid phase microextraction as a powerful alternative for screening of secondary metabolites in actinomycetes. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2019; 54:823-833. [PMID: 31476245 DOI: 10.1002/jms.4434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 08/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Actinobacteria are one of the most promising producers of medically and industrially relevant secondary metabolites. However, screening of such compounds in actinobacteria growth demands simple, fast, and efficient extraction procedures that enable detection and precise quantification of biologically active compounds. In this regard, solid phase microextraction (SPME) emerges as an ideal extraction technique for screening of secondary metabolites in bacteria culture due to its non-exhaustive, minimally invasive, and non-destructive nature: its integrated sample preparation workflow; balanced coverage feature; metabolism quenching capabilities; and superior cleanup, as well as its versatility in configuration, which enables automation and high throughput applications. The current work provides a comparison of micro-scale and direct immersion SPME (DI-SPME) for screening of secondary metabolites, describes the optimization of the developed DI-SPME method, and introduces the developed technique for mapping of target secondary metabolites as well as its direct coupling to mass spectrometry for such applications. The optimized DI-SPME method provided higher amounts of extracted ions and intensity signals, yielding superior extraction and desorption efficiency as compared with micro-scale extraction. Studied compounds presented stability on the coating for 24 h at room temperature. The DI-SPME mapping approach revealed that lysolipin I and the lienomycin analog are distributed along the center and edges of the colony, respectively. Direct coupling of SPME to MS provided a similar ions profile as SPME-LC-MS while enabling a significant decrease in analysis time, demonstrating its suitability for such applications. DI-SPME is herein presented as an alternative to micro-scale extraction for screening of secondary metabolites in actinobacteria solid medium, as well as a feasible alternative to DESI-IMS for mapping of biologic radial distribution of secondary metabolites and cell life cycle studies. Lastly, the direct coupling of DI-SPME to MS is presented as a fast, powerful technique for high throughput analysis of secondary metabolites in this medium.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Júlia Pereira Rodrigues
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Luiz Alberto Beraldo Moraes
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Filosofia Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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14
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Huq M, Tascon M, Nazdrajic E, Roszkowska A, Pawliszyn J. Measurement of Free Drug Concentration from Biological Tissue by Solid-Phase Microextraction: In Silico and Experimental Study. Anal Chem 2019; 91:7719-7728. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Huq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Marcos Tascon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Emir Nazdrajic
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Anna Roszkowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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15
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Gutiérrez-Serpa A, Schorn-García D, Jiménez-Moreno F, Jiménez-Abizanda AI, Pino V. Braid solid-phase microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons by using fibers coated with silver-based nanomaterials in combination with HPLC with fluorometric detection. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:311. [PMID: 31037367 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3452-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Authors propose a novel braid support configuration for use in solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fibers. Two different braided supports (double and triple) were prepared and compared with the conventional single support configuration. Three kinds of silver-based nanomaterials that serve as coatings on these supports are described. They included silver dendrites, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), and silver dendrites decorated with AgNPs (Ag-dendrites@AgNPs). They were prepared by electrodeposition, a layer-by-layer (LBL) method, and a hybrid strategy, respectively. Fibers were used in the direct-immersion (DI) mode of SPME. Five polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were studied as model analytes by DI-SPME when analyzing (spiked) underground waters. PAHs were further determined with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and fluorescence detection. The analytical performance of the fibers was compared to that of the commercial polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) fiber of 100 μm thickness. AgNPs obtained by LBL was the best coating and the double braid was the best support configuration. The configuration of the SPME support always played an important role independently on the coating material, being always beneficial the use of double-braids. Despite the low coatings volumes of the silver-based fibers compared to that of PDMS, the analytical features of the method were adequate. Figures of merit include: (a) limits of detection down to 20 ng·L-1; (b) intra-day, inter-day, and inter-fiber precisions (expressed as RSDs) of <13%, <12%, and < 13%, respectively; and (c) adequate operational lifetime (>60 extractions). Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of braided solid-phase microextraction support configurations together with different silver-based nanomaterials as coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrián Gutiérrez-Serpa
- Departament of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry Division, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Daniel Schorn-García
- Departament of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry Division, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Francisco Jiménez-Moreno
- Departament of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry Division, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
| | - Ana I Jiménez-Abizanda
- Departament of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry Division, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain
| | - Verónica Pino
- Departament of Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry Division, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. .,University Institute of Tropical Diseases and Public Health, University of La Laguna (ULL), 38206, La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.
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16
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do Carmo SN, Merib J, Carasek E. Bract as a novel extraction phase in thin-film SPME combined with 96-well plate system for the high-throughput determination of estrogens in human urine by liquid chromatography coupled to fluorescence detection. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1118-1119:17-24. [PMID: 31005770 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, an environmentally friendly and high-throughput method was developed for the determination of estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) and estriol (E3) in human urine by liquid chromatography-fluorescence detector (HPLC-FLD). A biosorbent (bract) was proposed as extraction phase for Thin-Film SPME combined with 96-well system. The characterization of the biosorbent was performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The optimizations were carried out through univariate and multivariate approaches with optimal conditions comprised of urine samples diluted 40-fold, liquid desorption performed in methanol and addition of 20% (w/v) of NaCl in the sample. Considering an extraction/desorption cycle using the 96-well plate system, the sample preparation time was 1.7 min per sample, which contributes to the high-throughput of the method proposed. The analytical parameters of merit were determined and satisfactory results were achieved, including limits of detection ranging from 0.3 μg L-1 for estradiol to 3 μg L-1 for estrone, while limits of quantification varied from 1 μg L-1 for estradiol to 10 μg L-1 for estrone. The correlation coefficients ranged from 0.9947 for estrone to 0.9999 for estriol. The accuracy and intra-assay and intermediate precisions (RSD) were evaluated through extractions in diluted urine samples (40-fold) spiked with each analyte (1, 200 and 400 μg L-1 for E3; 0.1, 200 and 400 μg L-1 for E2; 0.5, 200 and 400 μg L-1 for EE2 and 10, 200 and 400 μg L-1 for E1). The relative recoveries (n = 3) ranged from 71 to 105%, intra-assay precision (n = 3) varied from 1 to 17% and intermediate precision (n = 9) ranged from 2 to 19%. The method developed can be successfully used for the quantification of estrogens in human urine samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Josias Merib
- Departamento de Farmacociências, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre 90050170, RS, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Carasek
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040900, SC, Brazil.
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17
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Tascon M, Singh V, Huq M, Pawliszyn J. Direct Coupling of Dispersive Extractions with Magnetic Particles to Mass Spectrometry via Microfluidic Open Interface. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4762-4770. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Tascon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Varoon Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mohammad Huq
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Kenessov B, Koziel JA, Baimatova N, Demyanenko OP, Derbissalin M. Optimization of Time-Weighted Average Air Sampling by Solid-Phase Microextraction Fibers Using Finite Element Analysis Software. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23112736. [PMID: 30360543 PMCID: PMC6278546 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23112736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Determination of time-weighted average (TWA) concentrations of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in air using solid-phase microextraction (SPME) is advantageous over other sampling techniques, but is often characterized by insufficient accuracies, particularly at longer sampling times. Experimental investigation of this issue and disclosing the origin of the problem is problematic and often not practically feasible due to high uncertainties. This research is aimed at developing the model of the TWA extraction process and optimization of TWA air sampling by SPME using finite element analysis software (COMSOL Multiphysics, Burlington, MA, USA). It was established that sampling by porous SPME coatings with high affinity to analytes is affected by slow diffusion of analytes inside the coating, an increase of their concentrations in the air near the fiber tip due to equilibration, and eventual lower sampling rate. The increase of a fiber retraction depth (Z) resulted in better recoveries. Sampling of studied VOCs using 23 ga Carboxen/polydimethylsiloxane (Car/PDMS) assembly at maximum possible Z (40 mm) was proven to provide more accurate results. Alternative sampling configuration based on 78.5 × 0.75 mm internal diameter SPME liner was proven to provide similar accuracy at improved detection limits. Its modification with the decreased internal diameter from the sampling side should provide even better recoveries. The results obtained can be used to develop a more accurate analytical method for determination of TWA concentrations of VOCs in air using SPME. The developed model can be used to simulate sampling of other environments (process gases, water) by retracted SPME fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bulat Kenessov
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
| | - Jacek A Koziel
- Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
| | - Nassiba Baimatova
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
| | - Olga P Demyanenko
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
| | - Miras Derbissalin
- Center of Physical Chemical Methods of Research and Analysis, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty 050012, Kazakhstan.
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