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Pareek N, Mendiratta S, Kalita N, Sivaramakrishnan S, Khan RS, Samanta A. Unraveling Ferroptosis Mechanisms: Tracking Cellular Viscosity with Small Molecular Fluorescent Probes. Chem Asian J 2024; 19:e202400056. [PMID: 38430218 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202400056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a recently identified form of regulated cell death characterized by iron accumulation and lipid peroxidation. Numerous functions for ferroptosis have been identified in physiological as well as pathological processes, most notably in the treatment of cancer. The intricate balance of redox homeostasis is profoundly altered during ferroptosis, leading to alteration in cellular microenvironment. One such microenvironment is viscosity among others such as pH, polarity, and temperature. Therefore, understanding the dynamics of ferroptosis associated viscosity levels within organelles is crucial. To date, there are a very few reviews that detects ferroptosis assessing reactive species. In this review, we have summarized organelle's specific fluorescent probes that detects dynamics of microviscosity during ferroptosis. Also, we offer the readers an insight of their design strategy, photophysics and associated bioimaging concluding with the future perspective and challenges in the related field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niharika Pareek
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Sana Mendiratta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Nripankar Kalita
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Shreya Sivaramakrishnan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Rafique Sanu Khan
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
| | - Animesh Samanta
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences Institution, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence (SNIoE), Delhi NCR, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201314, India
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2
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Tang H, Liu Z, Han G, Geng J, Liu B, Zhang R, Zhang Z. Unexpected omega-3 activities in intracellular lipolysis and macrophage foaming revealed by fluorescence lifetime imaging. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2321255121. [PMID: 38564632 PMCID: PMC11009650 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2321255121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) found primarily in fish oil have been a popular supplement for cardiovascular health because they can substantially reduce circulating triglyceride levels in the bloodstream to prevent atherosclerosis. Beyond this established extracellular activity, here, we report a mode of action of PUFA, regulating intracellular triglyceride metabolism and lipid droplet (LD) dynamics. Real-time imaging of the subtle and highly dynamic changes of intracellular lipid metabolism was enabled by a fluorescence lifetime probe that addressed the limitations of intensity-based fluorescence quantifications. Surprisingly, we found that among omega-3 PUFA, only docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) promoted the lipolysis in LDs and reduced the overall fat content by approximately 50%, and consequently helped suppress macrophage differentiation into foam cells, one of the early steps responsible for atherosclerosis. Eicosapentaenoic acid, another omega-3 FA in fish oil, however, counteracted the beneficial effects of DHA on lipolysis promotion and cell foaming prevention. These in vitro findings warrant future validation in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesen Tang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Zhengjie Liu
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Guangmei Han
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Junlong Geng
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Bianhua Liu
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Academy of Chinese Sciences, Hefei, Anhui230031, China
| | - Ruilong Zhang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
| | - Zhongping Zhang
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui230601, China
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Academy of Chinese Sciences, Hefei, Anhui230031, China
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3
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He W, Kwok RTK, Qiu Z, Zhao Z, Tang BZ. A Holistic Perspective on Living Aggregate. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5030-5044. [PMID: 38359354 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Aggregate is one of the most extensive existing modes of matters in the world. Besides the research objectives of inanimate systems in physical science, the entities in life science can be regarded as living aggregates, which are far from being thoroughly understood despite the great advances in molecular biology. Molecular biology follows the research philosophy of reductionism, which generally reduces the whole into parts to study. Although reductionism benefits the understanding of molecular behaviors, it encounters limitations when extending to the aggregate level. Holism is another epistemology comparable to reductionism, which studies objectives at the aggregate level, emphasizing the interactions and synergetic/antagonistic effects of a group of composed single entities in determining the characteristics of a whole. As a representative of holism, aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials have made great achievements in the past two decades in both physical and life science. In particular, the unique properties of AIE materials endow them with in situ and real-time visual methods to investigate the inconsistency between microscopic molecules and macroscopic substances, offering researchers excellent toolkits to study living aggregates. The applications of AIE materials in life science are still in their infancy and worth expanding. In this Perspective, we summarize the research progress of AIE materials in unveiling some phenomena and processes of living systems, aiming to provide a general research approach from the viewpoint of holism. At last, insights into what we can do in the near future are also raised and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing First RD, South Area, Hi-Tech Park Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ryan Tsz Kin Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, No. 9 Yuexing First RD, South Area, Hi-Tech Park Nanshan, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Zijie Qiu
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Zheng Zhao
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen (CUHK-Shenzhen), Guangdong 518172, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
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4
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Ma J, Sun R, Xia K, Xia Q, Liu Y, Zhang X. Design and Application of Fluorescent Probes to Detect Cellular Physical Microenvironments. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1738-1861. [PMID: 38354333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The microenvironment is indispensable for functionality of various biomacromolecules, subcellular compartments, living cells, and organisms. In particular, physical properties within the biological microenvironment could exert profound effects on both the cellular physiology and pathology, with parameters including the polarity, viscosity, pH, and other relevant factors. There is a significant demand to directly visualize and quantitatively measure the fluctuation in the cellular microenvironment with spatiotemporal resolution. To satisfy this need, analytical methods based on fluorescence probes offer great opportunities due to the facile, sensitive, and dynamic detection that these molecules could enable in varying biological settings from in vitro samples to live animal models. Herein, we focus on various types of small molecule fluorescent probes for the detection and measurement of physical parameters of the microenvironment, including pH, polarity, viscosity, mechanical force, temperature, and electron potential. For each parameter, we primarily describe the chemical mechanisms underlying how physical properties are correlated with changes of various fluorescent signals. This review provides both an overview and a perspective for the development of small molecule fluorescent probes to visualize the dynamic changes in the cellular environment, to expand the knowledge for biological process, and to enrich diagnostic tools for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaifu Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiuxuan Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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Zhang B, Sun R, Bai R, Sun Z, Liu R, Li W, Yao L, Sun H, Tang Y. G-quadruplex in mitochondria as a possible biomarker for mitophagy detection. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 259:129337. [PMID: 38218296 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy) is a key physiological process that maintains the homeostasis of mitochondrial quality and quantity. Monitoring mitophagy is of great significance for detecting cellular abnormalities and developing therapeutic drugs. However, there are still very few biomarkers specifically developed for monitoring mitophagy. Here, we propose for the first time that mitochondrial G-quadruplex may serve as a biomarker for mitophagy detection, and develope a fluorescent light-up probe AMTC to monitor mitophagy in live cells. During mitophagy, AMTC fluorescence is significantly enhanced, but once mitophagy is inhibited, its fluorescence immediately decreases. The fluorescence behavior of AMTC implicates an increase in the formation of mitochondrial G-quadruplex during mitophagy. This inference has also been supported by the other two G-quadruplex probes. Taken together, this work provides a new possible biomarker and detection tool for the study of mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Zhang
- Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, PR China
| | - Ranran Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Ruiyang Bai
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Zhicheng Sun
- Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, PR China
| | - Ruping Liu
- Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing 102600, PR China.
| | - Wenchao Li
- Senior Department of Pediatrics, The Seventh Medical Center of Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Li Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Hongxia Sun
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China.
| | - Yalin Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
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Liu W, Wang T, Wang L, Wang Y, Hu S, Tian D. A novel near-infrared fluorescent probe for ultrasensitive and visual detection of mitochondrial viscosity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 304:123329. [PMID: 37683438 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The development of fluorescent probes capable of detecting abnormal changes in cellular mitochondrial viscosity is of great significance, as these changes have been connected to many diseases. In this study, the conventional tetraphenylethylene (TPE) molecule was modified to fabricate a novel near-infrared fluorescent, TTPB, which was then used to measure the mitochondrial viscosity. Due to the introduction of TPE and pyridine groups, TTPB had an AIE effect and mitochondrial targeting function. Meanwhile, TTPB was extremely sensitive to variations in viscosity for the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) phenomenon. The logarithm of fluorescence intensity (logI620) of the probe demonstrated an excellent linear connection with the logarithm of viscosity (logη) in the viscosity range of 1.2 ∼ 956.0 cP, indicating the probe could quantitatively detect viscosity. Moreover, TTPB was able to visually track autophagy in addition to detecting the mitochondrial viscosity in the inflammatory cell model. These results showed that the probe was anticipated to be employed for the early diagnosis of related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tengfei Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liwen Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng Hu
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dating Tian
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Zhang Y, Ni Y, Zhao X, Wang T, Zhu X, Sun X, Wang S, Li D, Wang J, Zhou H. Tumor Stimulus-Activatable Pretheranostic Agent: One Key to Three Locks. Anal Chem 2023; 95:15636-15644. [PMID: 37824749 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
The uncontrollable distribution of antitumor agents remains a large obstacle for specific and efficient cancer theranostics; thus, efficient construction of tumor-specific systems is highly desirable. In this work, a general design of tumor stimulus-activatable pretheranostic agents was put forward via a series of structures-tunable triphenylamine derivatives (TPA-2T-FSQ, TPA-2T-BSZ, and TPA-2T-ML) with phenothiazine, benzothiazine, and thiomorpholine as identifying groups of hypochlorite (HClO), respectively. Notably, the sulfur atom in phenothiazine of TPA-2T-FSQ was more easily oxidized to sulfoxide groups by HClO, transforming into an electron acceptor to form an excellent push-pull electronic system, which was beneficial to a large redshift of absorbance and emission wavelengths. Based on this, TPA-2T-FSQ resorted to a key of overexpressed HClO in the tumor to open "three locks", viz, NIR fluorescence, photothermal, and photoacoustic signals for multimodal diagnostic and treatment of the tumor. This study provided an elegant design to adopt tumor stimulus-triggerable pretheranostic for improving theranostic accuracy and efficiency, which was regarded as a promising candidate for precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Yingyong Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojiao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Xianshun Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Sen Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Junjun Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
| | - Hongping Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Center of Free Electron Laser & High Magnetic Field, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui Province, and Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, P. R. China
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Hong J, Guan X, Chen Y, Tan X, Zhang S, Feng G. Mitochondrial Membrane Potential Independent Near-Infrared Mitochondrial Viscosity Probes for Real-Time Tracking Mitophagy. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5687-5694. [PMID: 36940187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
Mitophagy is a vital cellular process playing vital roles in regulating cellular metabolism and mitochondrial quality control. Mitochondrial viscosity is a key microenvironmental index, closely associated with mitochondrial status. To monitor mitophagy and mitochondrial viscosity, three molecular rotors (Mito-1, Mito-2, and Mito-3) were developed. All probes contain a cationic quinolinium unit and a C12 chain so that they can tightly bind mitochondria and are not affected by the mitochondrial membrane potential. Optical studies showed that all probes are sensitive to viscosity changes with an off-on fluorescence response, and Mito-3 shows the best fluorescence enhancement. Bioimaging studies showed that all these probes can not only tightly locate and visualize mitochondria with near-infrared fluorescence but also effectively monitor the mitochondrial viscosity changes in cells. Moreover, Mito-3 was successfully applied to visualize the mitophagy process induced by starvation, and mitochondrial viscosity was found to show an increase during mitophagy. We expect Mito-3 to become a useful imaging tool for studying mitochondrial viscosity and mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Hong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaogang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Xiaodong Tan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Shiya Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Guoqiang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
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9
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Adachi J, Oda H, Fukushima T, Lestari B, Kimura H, Sugai H, Shiraki K, Hamaguchi R, Sato K, Kinbara K. Dense and Acidic Organelle-Targeted Visualization in Living Cells: Application of Viscosity-Responsive Fluorescence Utilizing Restricted Access to Minimum Energy Conical Intersection. Anal Chem 2023; 95:5196-5204. [PMID: 36930819 PMCID: PMC10061370 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Cell-imaging methods with functional fluorescent probes are an indispensable technique to evaluate physical parameters in cellular microenvironments. In particular, molecular rotors, which take advantage of the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) process, have helped evaluate microviscosity. However, the involvement of charge-separated species in the fluorescence process potentially limits the quantitative evaluation of viscosity. Herein, we developed viscosity-responsive fluorescent probes for cell imaging that are not dependent on the TICT process. We synthesized AnP2-H and AnP2-OEG, both of which contain 9,10-di(piperazinyl)anthracene, based on 9,10-bis(N,N-dialkylamino)anthracene that adopts a nonflat geometry at minimum energy conical intersection. AnP2-H and AnP2-OEG exhibited enhanced fluorescence as the viscosity increased, with sensitivities comparable to those of conventional molecular rotors. In living cell systems, AnP2-OEG showed low cytotoxicity and, reflecting its viscosity-responsive property, allowed specific visualization of dense and acidic organelles such as lysosomes, secretory granules, and melanosomes under washout-free conditions. These results provide a new direction for developing functional fluorescent probes targeting dense organelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junya Adachi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Haruka Oda
- Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Fukushima
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Beni Lestari
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.,Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroka Sugai
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Kentaro Shiraki
- Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Rei Hamaguchi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kohei Sato
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
| | - Kazushi Kinbara
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan.,Living Systems Materialogy (LiSM) Research Group, International Research Frontiers Initiative (IRFI), Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
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10
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Martínez-Bourget D, Rocha E, Labra-Vázquez P, Santillan R, Ortiz-López B, Ortiz-Navarrete V, Maraval V, Chauvin R, Farfán N. BODIPY-Ethynylestradiol molecular rotors as fluorescent viscosity probes in endoplasmic reticulum. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 283:121704. [PMID: 35985231 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Due to their capability for sensing changes in viscosity, fluorescent molecular rotors (FMRs) have emerged as potential tools to develop several promising viscosity probes; most of them, however, localize non-selectively within cells, precluding changes in the viscosity of specific cellular microdomains to be studied by these means. Following previous reports on enhanced fluorophore uptake efficiency and selectivity by incorporation of biological submolecular fragments, here we report two potential BODIPY FMRs based on an ethynylestradiol spindle, a non-cytotoxic semisynthetic estrogen well recognized by human cells. A critical evaluation of the potential of these fluorophores for being employed as FMRs is presented, including the photophysical characterization of the probes, SXRD studies and TD-DFT computations, as well as confocal microscopy imaging in MCF-7 (breast cancer) cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego Martínez-Bourget
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, CDMX, México
| | - Erika Rocha
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, CDMX, México
| | - Pablo Labra-Vázquez
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Rosa Santillan
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apdo. Postal 14-740, 07000, México
| | - Benjamín Ortiz-López
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, CINVESTAV, Apdo., Postal 14-740, México, D.F. 07000, Mexico
| | - Vianney Ortiz-Navarrete
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, CINVESTAV, Apdo., Postal 14-740, México, D.F. 07000, Mexico
| | - Valérie Maraval
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Remi Chauvin
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, 31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Norberto Farfán
- Facultad de Química, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán 04510, CDMX, México.
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11
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Li H, Kim H, Zhang C, Zeng S, Chen Q, Jia L, Wang J, Peng X, Yoon J. Mitochondria-targeted smart AIEgens: Imaging and therapeutics. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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12
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Li XH, Han XF, Wu WN, Zhao XL, Wang Y, Fan YC, Xu ZH. Simultaneous detection of lysosomal SO 2 and viscosity using a hemicyanine-based fluorescent probe. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 280:121519. [PMID: 35763947 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The changes in sulfur dioxide and viscosity of lysosomes are significant indicators in physiological processes and the cell microenvironment. This study aimed to synthesize a hemicyanine-based probe for simultaneous detection of SO2 and viscosity. The probe could not only rationally detect sulfur dioxide in a semi-aqueous solution with high sensitivity (limit of detection = 0.78 μM) and fast response (within 30 s) but also monitor viscosity via fluorescence emission enhancement at 580 nm. Further, the dual-response probe was successfully used to image SO2 and viscosity in the lysosomes of living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, PR China
| | - Xue-Feng Han
- College of Safety Science and Engineering, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, PR China
| | - Wei-Na Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Lei Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, PR China
| | - Yuan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, PR China.
| | - Yun-Chang Fan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Key Laboratory of Coal Green Conversion, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, PR China
| | - Zhi-Hong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Detection, College of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Xuchang University, Xuchang 461000, PR China; College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, PR China.
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13
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A sensitive NIR mitochondria-targeting fluorescence probe for visualizing viscosity in living cells and mice. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1231:340443. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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14
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Wang C, Fu H, Tan J, Zhang X. Rational Design of Oxazolidine-Based Red Fluorescent pH Probe for Simultaneous Imaging Two Subcellular Organelles. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12090696. [PMID: 36140081 PMCID: PMC9496385 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
A reversible pH-responsive fluorescent probe, BP, was rationally designed and synthesized, based on protonation and deprotonation gave rise to oxazolidine ring open and close. The fluorescence response of BP against pH ranges from 3.78 to 7.54, which is suitable for labeling intracellular pH-dependent organelles. BP displayed strong red emission at a relatively high pH in living HeLa cells and U87 cells. More importantly, this probe exhibited good colocalization with both mitochondria and lysosomes in these two cell lines, attributing to pH-induced structure tautomerism resulting in an oxazolidine ring open and close that triggered effective targeting of these two organelles. As organelle interactions are critical for cellular processes, this strategy of targeting dual organelles through the structure tautomerism is conducive to further developing more effective and advanced probes for real-time imaging of the interaction between mitochondria and lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfei Wang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Hengyi Fu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Jingyun Tan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
| | - Xuanjun Zhang
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- MOE Frontiers Science Centre for Precision Oncology, University of Macau, Macau 999078, China
- Correspondence:
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15
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Dutta T, Pal K, Koner AL. Intracellular Physical Properties with Small Organic Fluorescent Probes: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. CHEM REC 2022; 22:e202200035. [PMID: 35801859 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular physical parameters i. e., polarity, viscosity, fluidity, tension, potential, and temperature of a live cell are the hallmark of cellular health and have garnered immense interest over the past decade. In this context, small molecule organic fluorophores exhibit prominent useful properties including easy functionalizability, environmental sensitivity, biocompatibility, and fast yet efficient cellular uptakability which has made them a popular tool to understand intra-cellular micro-environmental properties. Throughout this discussion, we have outlined the basic design strategies of small molecules for specific organelle targeting and quantification of physical properties. The values of these parameters are indicative of cellular homeostasis and subtle alteration may be considered as the onset of disease. We believe this comprehensive review will facilitate the development of potential future probes for superior insight into the physical parameters that are yet to be quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanoy Dutta
- Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, INDIA (TD) (ALK
| | - Kaushik Pal
- Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, INDIA (TD) (ALK.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, 50011, USA
| | - Apurba Lal Koner
- Bionanotechnology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal Bypass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462066, INDIA (TD) (ALK
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16
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Zhai S, Hu W, Wang W, Chai L, An Q, Li C, Liu Z. Tracking autophagy process with a through bond energy transfer-based ratiometric two-photon viscosity probe. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 213:114484. [PMID: 35724553 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Autophagy is a self-degradation process in cells, which is of vital significance to the health and operation of organisms. Due to the increase of lysosomal viscosity during autophagy, viscosity probes that specifically accumulate in lysosome are powerful tools for monitoring autophagy and investigating related diseases. However, there is still a lack of viscosity-sensitive ratiometric autophagy probes, which restricts the tracking of autophagy with high accuracy in complex physiological environment. Herein, a viscosity-responsive, lysosome targeted two-photon fluorescent probe Lyso-Vis was designed based on through bond energy transfer (TBET) mechanism. The TBET-based probe achieved the separation of two emission baselines, which greatly improved the resolution and reliability of sensing and imaging. Under 810 nm two-photon excitation, the emission intensity ratio of the red and green channel increased with a viscosity dependent manner. Lyso-Vis not only for the first time realized ratiometric sensing of lysosomal viscosity during autophagy process, but also visualized the association of autophagy with inflammation and stroke, and it was applied to explore the activation and inhibition of autophagy during stroke in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyang Zhai
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Material Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Weibo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology College of Chemistry, Ministry of Education Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Li Chai
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Material Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Qian An
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Material Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chunya Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, College of Chemistry and Material Science, South-central University for Nationalities, Wuhan, 430074, China.
| | - Zhihong Liu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China.
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17
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Wang Y, Yang J, Chen Q, Su J, Shi WJ, Zhang L, Xia C, Yan J. Rotor-Tuning Boron Dipyrromethenes for Dual-Functional Imaging of Aβ Oligomers and Viscosity. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3049-3056. [PMID: 35671477 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD), known as a common incurable and elderly neurodegenerative disease, has been widely explored for accurate detection of its biomarker (Aβ oligomers) for early diagnosis. Although great efforts have been made, it is still of great importance to develop fluorescence probes for Aβ oligomers with good selectivity and low background. Herein, starting from BODIPY493/503 (a commercial dye for neutral lipid droplets), which exhibited a small Stokes shift and no response toward Aβ peptides, two fluorescence probes 5MB-SZ and B-SZ with a benzothiazole rotor at the 2-position of the BODIPY core and a methyl or benzyl group at the meso position have been designed and synthesized, which exhibited excellent optical properties/stability and could successfully image β-amyloid fibrils and viscosity. Upon exposure to Aβ oligomers, the fluorescence intensity of 5MB-SZ was enhanced by 43.64-fold with the corresponding fluorescence quantum yields changing from 0.85% to 27.43%. Meanwhile, probe 5MB-SZ showed a highly sensitive viscosity response in both solutions and living cells. In vitro and in vivo experiments confirmed that probe 5MB-SZ exhibited an excellent capacity for imaging β-amyloid fibrils. Therefore, 5MB-SZ, as a rotor-tuning BODIPY analogue, could possibly serve as a highly potential and powerful fluorescence probe for early diagnosis of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Wang
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Jinrong Yang
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Qingxiu Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Junyi Su
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Wen-Jing Shi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Lei Zhang
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Chunli Xia
- Department of Bioengineering, Zunyi Medical University Zhuhai Campus, Zhuhai 519041, PR China
| | - Jinwu Yan
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory on Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
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18
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Xu C, Li Y, Wu X, Li X, Li L, Kong F, Tang B. A dual-responsive probe for the simultaneous monitoring of viscosity and peroxynitrite with different fluorescence signals in living cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:5976-5979. [PMID: 35481600 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01607a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We developed a dual-responsive fluorescent probe MC-V-P for the simultaneous detection of ONOO- and viscosity by different imaging channels. MC-V-P has high sensitivity and selectivity, and shows good stability at different pH levels. Notably, the probe has two independent fluorescence signals toward ONOO- and viscosity changes at 580 nm and 740 nm, respectively. Cell imaging experiment results demonstrated that MC-V-P exhibits low cytotoxicity and could be used to monitor viscosity and ONOO- in living HepG2 cells simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Xu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ying Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xue Wu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lu Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fanpeng Kong
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Yang X, Zhang D, Ye Y, Zhao Y. Recent advances in multifunctional fluorescent probes for viscosity and analytes. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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20
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Wen S, Hu X, Shi Y, Han J, Han S. Imaging of Mitophagy Enabled by an Acidity-Reporting Probe Anchored on the Mitochondrial Inner Membrane. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16887-16898. [PMID: 34894657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Classical chemical probes are prone to dissipation from stressed organelles, as evidenced by the incapability of mitochondrial dyes to image mitophagy linked to multiple diseases. We herein reported mitophagy imaging via covalent anchoring of a lysosomal probe to the mitochondrial inner membrane (CALM). Utilizing DBCORC-TPP, an azide-conjugatable probe with acidity-triggered fluorescence, CALM is operated via ΔΨm-promoted probe accumulation in mitochondria and thereby bioorthogonal ligation of the trapped probe with azido-choline (Azcholine) metabolically installed on the mitochondrial membrane. Overcoming the limitation of synthetic probes to dissipate from stressed organelles, CALM enables signal-on fluorescence imaging of mitophagy induced by starvation and is further employed to reveal mitophagy in ferroptosis. These results suggest the potential of CALM as a new tool to study mitophagy.
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21
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A novel near-infrared viscosity probe based on synergistic effect of AIE property and molecular rotors for mitophagy imaging during liver injury. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1187:339146. [PMID: 34753564 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy, a specialized form of autophagy, holds the key to cellular metabolism and physiology. Viscosity is a significant marker for visualization of the mitophagy process in real-time. Hence, development of well-performing viscosity probe is beneficial to study mitophagy-related dynamic physiological and pathological processes. Here, a new strategy was proposed by combination of AIE property and molecular rotors to design novel viscosity probe. The probe named TPA-Py was obtained by Knoevenagel condensation reaction of AIE unit and pyridine salt, which giving the probe excellent near-infrared emission, good water-solubility and mitochondrial targeting ability. Most importantly, TPA-Py owns two rotatable parts of triphenylamine and double bond, enabling the probe to equip with AIE property and sensitive recognition units for viscosity. With the environmental viscosity increasing, the rotation of the molecular rotor and the AIE unit is restricted effectively, the probe displayed strong fluorescence. Then, TPA-Py was successfully employed for monitoring the mitophagy process in A549 cells by imaging viscosity alterations. As mitophagy constitutes an important consideration in the pathogenesis of drug-induced liver injury, TPA-Py was also applied to explore the variation of viscosity in production and remediation pathways of APAP-induced liver injury. These results demonstrated that TPA-Py was a highly sensitive viscosity probe which holds great potential of biological applications.
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22
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Xu L, Wu K, Han R, Sui Y, Huang C, Huang W, Liu L. Visual detection of viscosity through activatable molecular rotor with aggregation-induced emission. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 261:120016. [PMID: 34091356 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Food safety has become one of the urgent affairs in the global public health studies, and irregular viscosity is closely associated with the food spoilage extent. In this study, one kind of activatable molecular rotor (TPA-PBZ) based on triphenylamine derivates has been synthesized via the Schiff base condensation reaction. This rotor is comprised by donor-accepter conjugated structure, with aggregation induced-emission feature and a large Stokes shift of 160 nm in water. The rotation of aromatic rings in TPA-PBZ is restricted in high-viscosity microenvironment, with the gradually increasing fluorescence emission signal at 568 nm. Significantly, this rotor TPA-PBZ has successfully been applied not only in the determination of thickening effects of food gum, but also in the detection of viscosity enhancement during the liquid food spoilage process. This molecular rotor can be utilized as an intelligent monitor platform for food quality and safety inspection in viscosity-related conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, China; State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials & Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, College of Materials Science & Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China.
| | - Kui Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, China
| | - Runlin Han
- School of Petroleum and Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Panjin 124221, China
| | - Yan Sui
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, China
| | - Chunfang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, China
| | - Limin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jinggangshan University, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343009, China.
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23
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AIE materials for lysosome imaging. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2021. [PMID: 34749972 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation-induced emission (AIE) active bioprobes are known for their high photostability and extraordinary signal to noise ratio. In view of this, research efforts to synthesize new AIE bioimaging probes are at an incredible speed. In this chapter, we have summarized the various lysosome specific AIE active "turn-on" bioprobes having applications in lysosome imaging, monitoring of lysosome bioactivity and evaluation of their therapeutic effects. By discussing their design and operational mechanisms, we hope to provide more insight into designing new AIE bioprobes for specific sensing and imaging of lysosome having flexibility for broad range of biomedical applications.
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24
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Chen B, Mao S, Sun Y, Sun L, Ding N, Li C, Zhou J. A mitochondria-targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe for imaging viscosity in living cells and a diabetic mice model. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4376-4379. [PMID: 33949482 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01104a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A mitochondria-targeted near-infrared fluorescent probe NIR-V with 700 nm emission was designed to monitor cell viscosity changes with high selectivity and sensitivity, which was applied to detect the intracellular viscosity and image pancreatic tissue in a diabetic mouse model. Probe NIR-V provides an effective way to diagnose viscosity related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China.
| | - Shumei Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China.
| | - Yanyan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China.
| | - Liyuan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China.
| | - Ning Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China.
| | - Chengde Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China.
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25
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He X, Lam JWY, Kwok RTK, Tang BZ. Real-Time Visualization and Monitoring of Physiological Dynamics by Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens (AIEgens). ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2021; 14:413-435. [PMID: 34314222 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-090420-101149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Physiological dynamics in living cells and tissues are crucial for maintenance and regulation of their normal activities and functionalities. Tiny fluctuations in physiological microenvironments can leverage significant influences on cell growth, metabolism, differentiation, and apoptosis as well as disease evolution. Fluorescence imaging based on aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) exhibits superior advantages in real-time sensing and monitoring of the physiological dynamics in living systems, including its unique properties such as high sensitivity and rapid response, flexible molecular design, and versatile nano- to mesostructural fabrication. The introduction of canonic AIEgens with long-wavelength, near-infrared, or microwave emission, persistent luminescence, and diversified excitation source (e.g., chemo- or bioluminescence) offers researchers a tool to evaluate the resulting molecules with excellent performance in response to subtle fluctuations in bioactivities with broader dimensionalities and deeper hierarchies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuewen He
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China; ,
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Jacky W Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China; ,
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ryan T K Kwok
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China; ,
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, Institute for Advanced Study, Division of Life Science and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China; ,
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- HKUST-Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
- Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- AIE Institute, Guangzhou Development Distinct, Huangpu, Guangzhou 516530, China
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Monitoring of the decreased mitochondrial viscosity during heat stroke with a mitochondrial AIE probe. Anal Bioanal Chem 2021; 413:3823-3831. [PMID: 33934190 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-021-03335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Heat stroke is a fatal condition which usually results in central nervous system dysfunction, organism damage and even death. The relationship between heat stroke and mitochondria is still relatively unknown due to a lack of suitable tools. Herein, an aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe CSP, by introducing a pyridinium cation as the mitochondria-targeted group to an AIE active core cyanostilbene skeleton, is highly sensitive to viscosity changes due to the restriction of intramolecular motion (RIM) and inhibition of twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) in high-viscosity systems. As expected, with the viscosity increasing from 0.903 cP (0% glycerol) to 965 cP (99% glycerol), CSP exhibited a significant enhancement (more than 117-fold) in fluorescence intensity at 625 nm, with an excellent linear relationship between log I 625 nm and log η (R2 = 0.9869, slope as high as 0.6727). More importantly, using CSP we have successfully monitored the decreased mitochondrial viscosity during heat stroke for the first time. All these features render the probe a promising candidate for further understanding the mechanism underlying mitochondria-associated heat stroke.
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Mukherjee T, Soppina V, Ludovic R, Mély Y, Klymchenko AS, Collot M, Kanvah S. Live-cell imaging of the nucleolus and mapping mitochondrial viscosity with a dual function fluorescent probe. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:3389-3395. [PMID: 33555275 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02378g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Visualization of sub-cellular organelles allows the determination of various cellular processes and the underlying mechanisms. Herein, we report a fluorescent probe, bearing push-pull substituents emitting at 600 nm and its application in cellular imaging. The probe shows dual imaging of mitochondria and nucleoli and maps mitochondrial viscosity in live cells under various physiological variations and show minimum cytotoxicity. Nucleolar staining is confirmed by RNAase digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarushyam Mukherjee
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, India.
| | - Virupakshi Soppina
- Discipline of Biological Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, India.
| | - Richert Ludovic
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Yves Mély
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Mayeul Collot
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021, CNRS/Université de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, 67401 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
| | - Sriram Kanvah
- Discipline of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar 382355, India.
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28
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Sun M, Wang T, Yang X, Yu H, Wang S, Huang D. Facile mitochondria localized fluorescent probe for viscosity detection in living cells. Talanta 2021; 225:121996. [PMID: 33592743 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2020.121996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes act as a powerful tool to understand the function of intracellular viscosity, which are closely associated with many functional disorders and diseases. Herein we report a boron-dipyrromethene (4,4-difluoro-4-borata-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene, BODIPY) group based new fluorescent probe (BV-1), which was synthesized facilely by a one-step Knoevenagel-type condensation reaction, to detect viscosity in living cells with high selectivity and sensitivity. DFT calculation demonstrated that the unsaturated moiety at the meso-position of BODIPY suppressed the fluorescence via twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) mechanism in low viscosity media. By restricting the rotation of the molecular rotor, the fluorescence would be enhanced significantly with redshift in emission wavelength in high viscosity conditions. The fluorescence intensity ratio (log (I/I0)) at 570 nm showed a good linearity (R2 = 0.991) with the viscosity (log η) in the range of 2-868 cP. And the limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for viscosity were calculated to be 0.16 cP and 0.54 cP, respectively. BV-1 was demonstrated to be mitochondria localized with low cytotoxicity. Utilizing the new probe BV-1, the changes in mitochondrial viscosity caused by monensin or nystatin have been monitored successfully in real time. This work will provide new efficient ways for the development of viscosity probes, which are expected to be used for the study of intracellular viscosity properties and functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingtai Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, People's Republic of China; Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore
| | - Xin Yang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore
| | - Huan Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Suhua Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Pollution Processes and Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 2, 117542, Singapore.
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Ma C, Sun W, Xu L, Qian Y, Dai J, Zhong G, Hou Y, Liu J, Shen B. A minireview of viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probes: design and biological applications. J Mater Chem B 2021; 8:9642-9651. [PMID: 32986068 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb01146k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Microenvironment-related parameters like viscosity, polarity, and pH play important roles in controlling the physical or chemical behaviors of local molecules, which determine the physical or chemical behaviors of surrounding molecules. In general, changes of the internal microenvironment will usually lead to cellular malfunction or the occurrence of relevant diseases. In the last few decades, the field of chemicobiology has received great attention. Also, remarkable progress has been made in developing viscosity-sensitive fluorescent probes. These probes were particularly efficient for imaging viscosity in biomembranes as well as lighting up specific organelles, such as mitochondria and lysosome. Besides, there are some fluorescent probes that can be used to quantify intracellular viscosity when combined with fluorescence lifetime (FLIM) and ratiometric imaging under water-free conditions. In this review, we summarized the majority of viscosity-sensitive chemosensors that have been reported thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenggong Ma
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Limin Xu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Ying Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Jianan Dai
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Guoyan Zhong
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Yadan Hou
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Jialong Liu
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
| | - Baoxing Shen
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, China.
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30
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Cai L, Li H, Yu X, Wu L, Wei X, James TD, Huang C. Green Fluorescent Protein GFP-Chromophore-Based Probe for the Detection of Mitochondrial Viscosity in Living Cells. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2128-2134. [PMID: 35014341 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Viscosity is a pivotal factor for indicating the dysfunction of the mitochondria. To date, most of the fluorescent probes developed for mitochondrial viscosity have been designed using BODIPY, hemicyanine, or pyridine-based molecular rotors as part of the core structure. Our aim with this research was to extend the range of suitable fluorophores available for the construction of such fluorescent molecular rotors for evaluating the viscosity of mitocondria. Herein, we have developed a green fluorescent protein (GFP)-chromophore-based fluorescent probe (MIT-V) for the detection of mitochondrial viscosity in live cells. MIT-V exhibited a high sensitivity toward viscosity (from 7.9 cP to 438.4 cP). The "off-on" sensing mechanism of MIT-V was ascribed to the restricted rotation of single bonds and excited-state C═C double bonds of MIT-V. Cell studies indicated that MIT-V targets the mitochondria and that it was able to monitor real-time changes in the viscosity of live HeLa cell mitochondria. Therefore, we propose that MIT-V can be used as an effective chemosensor for the real-time imaging of mitochondrial viscosity in live cells. Our results clearly demonstrate the utility of such GFP-chromophore-based derivatives for the development of viscosity-sensitive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cai
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Huan Li
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Xiang Yu
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Luling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoqin Wei
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, P. R. China
| | - Chusen Huang
- The Education Ministry Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Normal University, 100 Guilin Road, Shanghai 200234, China
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31
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Wang X, Fan L, Wang S, Zhang Y, Li F, Zan Q, Lu W, Shuang S, Dong C. Real-Time Monitoring Mitochondrial Viscosity during Mitophagy Using a Mitochondria-Immobilized Near-Infrared Aggregation-Induced Emission Probe. Anal Chem 2021; 93:3241-3249. [PMID: 33539094 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy plays a crucial role in maintaining intracellular homeostasis through the removal of dysfunctional mitochondria and recycling their constituents in a lysosome-degradative pathway, which leads to microenvironmental changes within mitochondria, such as the pH, viscosity, and polarity. However, most of the mitochondrial fluorescence viscosity probes only rely on electrostatic attraction and readily leak out from the mitochondria during mitophagy with a decreased membrane potential, thus easily leading to an inaccurate detection of viscosity changes. In this work, we report a mitochondria-immobilized NIR-emissive aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probe CS-Py-BC, which allows for an off-on fluorescence response to viscosity, thus enabling the real-time monitoring viscosity variation during mitophagy. This system consists of a cyanostilbene skeleton as the AIE active core and viscosity-sensitive unit, a pyridinium cation for the mitochondria-targeting group, and a benzyl chloride subunit that induces mitochondrial immobilization. As the viscosity increased from 0.903 cP (0% glycerol) to 965 cP (99% glycerol), CS-Py-BC exhibited an about 92-fold increase in fluorescence intensity at 650 nm, which might be attributed to the restriction of rotation and inhibition of twisted intramolecular charge transfer in a high viscosity system. We also revealed that CS-Py-BC could be well immobilized onto mitochondria, regardless of the mitochondrial membrane potential fluctuation. Most importantly, using CS-Py-BC, we have successfully visualized the increased mitochondrial viscosity during starvation or rapamycin-induced mitophagy in real time. All these features render CS-Py-BC a promising candidate to investigate mitophagy-associated dynamic physiological and pathological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Li Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Shuohang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, P. R. China
| | - Yuewei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zan
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
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32
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Song Y, Zhang H, Wang X, Geng X, Sun Y, Liu J, Li Z. One Stone, Three Birds: pH Triggered Transformation of Aminopyronine and Iminopyronine Based Lysosome Targeting Viscosity Probe for Cancer Visualization. Anal Chem 2020; 93:1786-1791. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Song
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Hongxing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Xia Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xin Geng
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yuanqiang Sun
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Zhaohui Li
- College of Chemistry, Green Catalysis Center, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Construction of Functional Molecules and Their Bioanalytical Applications, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, P. R. China
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33
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Li X, Liang X, Yin J, Lin W. Organic fluorescent probes for monitoring autophagy in living cells. Chem Soc Rev 2020; 50:102-119. [PMID: 33155002 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00896f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
As a ubiquitous degradation process in cells, autophagy plays important roles in various biological activities. However, the abnormality of autophagy is closely related to many diseases, such as aging, neurological disorder, and cancer. Thus, monitoring the process of autophagy in living cells has high significance in biological studies and diagnosis of related diseases. In order to real-time and in situ monitor the process of autophagy, various organic fluorescent probes have been explored in recent years owing to the advantages such as handy staining processes, flexible molecular design strategies, and near-nondestructive detection. However, this interesting and frontier topic has not been reviewed so far. In this tutorial review, we will focus on the latest breakthrough results of organic fluorescent probes in monitoring autophagy of living cells, especially the probe design strategies based on the several microenvironment changes of the autophagy process, and the responding mechanisms and bio-imaging applications in the autophagy process. In addition, we will discuss the shortcomings and limitations of the probes developed, such as susceptible to interference, unable to monitor the whole process, and lack of clinical applications. Finally, we will highlight some challenges and further opportunities in this field. This tutorial review may promote the development of more robust fluorescent probes to further reveal the mechanisms of autophagy, which is the basis of degradation and recycling of cell components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuechen Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Daxue Road 3501, Changqing District, Jinan 250353, P. R. China
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34
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Wang L, Pan Q, Chen Y, Ou Y, Li H, Li B. A dual-response ratiometric fluorescent probe for hypochlorite and hydrazine detection and its imaging in living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 241:118672. [PMID: 32653825 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a dual-response ratiometric fluorescent probe (E)-3-(5-(2-nitrovinyl)thiophen-2-yl)-9-phenyl-9H-carbazole (NTPC) for high selectivity and sensitivity detection of ClO- and N2H4 was successfully developed. This probe NTPC showed ratiometric fluorescent response to ClO- and N2H4, which induces obvious naked-eye color changes, respectively. In addition, the NTPC for ClO- and N2H4 detection displayed low detection limits of 71.4 nM and 0.6 μM, respectively. And the sensing mechanism of NTPC with ClO- and N2H4 was well confirmed by 1H NMR and HR-MS spectra. Moreover, this novel probe was applied to monitoring and differentiating ClO- and N2H4 in living cells, and exhibits good biocompatibility and low cytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Analytical and Testing Center, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Qi Pan
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yuan Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Yunfu Ou
- Analytical and Testing Center, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China
| | - Huanyong Li
- Analytical and Testing Center, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, PR China.
| | - Bowen Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China.
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35
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Yu K, Pan J, Husamelden E, Zhang H, He Q, Wei Y, Tian M. Aggregation-induced Emission Based Fluorogens for Mitochondria-targeted Tumor Imaging and Theranostics. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:3942-3960. [PMID: 33025759 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202001100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Occurrence and development of cancer are multifactorial and multistep processes which involve complicated cellular signaling pathways. Mitochondria, as the energy producer in cells, play key roles in tumor cell growth and division. Since mitochondria of tumor cells have a more negative membrane potential than those of normal cells, several fluorescent imaging probes have been developed for mitochondria-targeted imaging and photodynamic therapy. Conventional fluorescent dyes suffer from aggregation-caused quenching effect, while novel aggregation-induced emission (AIE) probes are ideal candidates for biomedical applications due to their large stokes shift, strong photo-bleaching resistance, and high quantum yield. This review aims to introduce the recent advances in the design and application of mitochondria-targeted AIE probes. The comprehensive review focuses on the structure-property relationship of these imaging probes, expecting to inspire the development of more practical and versatile AIE fluorogens (AIEgens) as tumor imaging and therapy agents for preclinical and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiwu Yu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Jiayue Pan
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Elkawad Husamelden
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P. R. China
| | - Qinggang He
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Yen Wei
- Department of Chemistry and the Tsinghua Center for Frontier Polymer Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT Center, The Second Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, 310009, P. R. China
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36
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Aggregation-induced Emission Fluorogen as Mammalian Cell Cytoplasmic Tracker with Long Retention Time and High Photo-stability. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0220-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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37
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Han D, Yi J, Liu C, Liang L, Huang K, Jing L, Qin D. A fluoran-based viscosity probe with high-performance for lysosome-targeted fluorescence imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 238:118405. [PMID: 32403072 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new fluorescent probe Lyso-Fl has been facilely prepared by an esterification reaction of spironolactone fluoran dye Rdi with ethanol, which shows viscosity-selective response by fluorescence. The new probe delivers obvious fluorescence signal enhancement when environmental viscosity changes from 1.01 cP (water) to 1256 cP (98% glycerol). And, both the emission intensity (575 nm) and fluorescence lifetime of Lyso-Fl exhibit individually good linear relationships with the solution viscosity. Besides, Lyso-Fl gives a selective response to viscosity among various biological species and exhibits pH-independent (1-10) fluorescent signals towards viscosity. More importantly, Lyso-Fl shows low cytotoxicity and can be utilized for monitoring of dexamethasone-stimulated viscosity enhancement by cell imaging with excellent lysosome-targeted performance, promoting it a promising fluorescent probe for lysosomal viscosity detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Defang Han
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control of Sichuan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Jundan Yi
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control of Sichuan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China
| | - Lijuan Liang
- Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Kun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control of Sichuan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China.
| | - Linhai Jing
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control of Sichuan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Dabin Qin
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control of Sichuan Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China.
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38
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Chen L, Feng Y, Dang Y, Zhong C, Chen D. A deep-red emission fluorescent probe with long wavelength absorption for viscosity detection and live cell imaging. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:7819-7826. [PMID: 32875370 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02911-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular viscosity is closely related to a series of biological processes and could be a biomarker for various diseases. Herein, we reported a deep-red emission viscosity probe ACI, which showed a turn-on fluorescence effect with excellent selectivity encountering high viscous medium. To assure the practical biological application, ACI demonstrated not only a long wavelength emission at 634 nm but also a long wavelength excitation at 566 nm, which were crucial to afford deeper penetration depth and higher sensitivity in bioimaging. The photophysical properties and viscosity recognition mechanism of the probe were carefully discussed here. Theoretical calculations furtherly confirmed that high viscous medium could inhibit the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) process of the probe which quenched the fluorescence in low viscous media, and restore the emission. More importantly, it was successfully applied to visualize the viscosity in living cells. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, Hubei, China
| | - Yangzhen Feng
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, Hubei, China
| | - Yecheng Dang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, Hubei, China
| | - Cheng Zhong
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, Hubei, China.
| | - Dugang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Process of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Pharmacy, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, 430205, Hubei, China.
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Gao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Chen
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China
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40
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Wang T, Shah I, Yang Z, Yin W, Zhang S, Yang Y, Yin P, Ma H. Incorporating Thiourea into Fluorescent Probes: A Reliable Strategy for Mitochondrion-Targeted Imaging and Superoxide Anion Tracking in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2020; 92:2824-2829. [PMID: 31957439 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b05320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Three aggregation-induced emission active fluorescent compounds, TPA-Pyr-Octane, TPA-Pyr-Br, and TPA-Pyr-Thiourea (TPA = triphenylamine pyridinium), are synthesized; their tiny differences in chemical structures result in a huge difference in cell-imaging applications. Especially, incorporating thiourea into fluorescent probes is found as a reliable strategy for mitochondrion-targeted imaging and superoxide anion tracking in living cells, which is possibly due to the presence of hydrogen bonding between thiourea and mitochondrion proteins. This finding is very useful for the design of biosensors and delivery carriers in disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou 730070 , China
| | - Imran Shah
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou 730070 , China
| | - Zengming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou 730070 , China
| | - Weidong Yin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou 730070 , China
| | - Shaoxiong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou 730070 , China
| | - Yuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou 730070 , China
| | - Pei Yin
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou 730070 , China
| | - Hengchang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environment-Related Polymer Materials Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Northwest Normal University , Lanzhou 730070 , China
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41
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42
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Tang W, Dai Y, Gu B, Liu M, Yi Z, Li Z, Zhang Z, He H, Zeng R. A near infrared fluorescent probe based on ICT for monitoring mitophagy in living cells. Analyst 2020; 145:1427-1432. [DOI: 10.1039/c9an02053e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy, the process in which cells degrade dysfunctional organelles and recycle their nutrient substances by lysosomes, plays a vital role in cell metabolism and physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Tang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
- People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of College of Hunan Province
| | - Youzhi Dai
- College of Environmental and Resources
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
- People's Republic of China
- Hunan 2011 Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Engineering & Technology with Environmental Benignity and Effective Resource Utilization
| | - Biao Gu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of College of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hengyang Normal University
- Hengyang
- People's Republic of China
| | - Mengqin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of College of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hengyang Normal University
- Hengyang
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengji Yi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of College of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hengyang Normal University
- Hengyang
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongliang Li
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Xiangtan University
- Xiangtan
- People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of College of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hengyang Normal University
- Hengyang
- People's Republic of China
| | - Huiyan He
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of College of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hengyang Normal University
- Hengyang
- People's Republic of China
| | - Rongying Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Functional Organometallic Materials of College of Hunan Province
- College of Chemistry and Material Science
- Hengyang Normal University
- Hengyang
- People's Republic of China
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43
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Hou MX, Liu LY, Wang KN, Chao XJ, Liu RX, Mao ZW. A molecular rotor sensor for detecting mitochondrial viscosity in apoptotic cells by two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02108c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A two-photon fluorescent probe was developed for detecting mitochondrial viscosity during apoptosis of living cells by two-photon microscopy (TPM) and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) with good selectivity and highly biocompatible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Xuan Hou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Liu-Yi Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Kang-Nan Wang
- Shunde Hospital of Southern Medical University (The First People's Hospital of Shunde)
- Foshan
- P. R. China
| | - Xi-Juan Chao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Rong-Xue Liu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Zong-Wan Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou
- P. R. China
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44
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Chen W, Han J, She J, Wang F, Zhu L, Yu RQ, Jiang JH. Simultaneous imaging of lysosomal and mitochondrial viscosity during mitophagy using molecular rotors with dual-color emission. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:7797-7800. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc00868k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A schematic illustration of rotors to detect mitochondrial and lysosomal viscosity during mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
| | - Junyan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin She
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
| | - Fenglin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
| | - Ru-Qin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
| | - Jian-Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hunan University
- Changsha 410082
- P. R. China
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45
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Park SJ, Juvekar V, Jo JH, Kim HM. Combining hydrophilic and hydrophobic environment sensitive dyes to detect a wide range of cellular polarity. Chem Sci 2019; 11:596-601. [PMID: 32206276 PMCID: PMC7069515 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04859f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ratiometric polarity sensitive probe (RPS-1) contains two dyes of same absorption but different emissions utilized in comprehensive and quantitative detection of wide range of intracellular polarity.
Intracellular polarity is an important parameter of pathological and biological phenomena of cells; abnormal polarities are associated with diabetes, neurological diseases, and cancer. However, previously reported polarity probes have issues with quantitatively detecting intracellular polarities, can measure only a limited range of polarities, and can only detect specific intracellular regions. Here, we developed a novel two-dye system, RPS-1, that contains a new “turn-on” polarity probe (Dye1) based on a spiropyran intramolecular ring closing–opening system activated in polar protic solvents, and a benzothiadiazole containing dye (Dye3), which emits only in non-polar solvents with a large stoke shift. Individually, Dye1 and Dye3 selectively localized to lysosome and lipid droplets, respectively; however, combining these dyes, which have completely different characteristics, via a piperazine linker resulted in the staining of various intracellular organelles. Therefore, as Dye1 and Dye3 have the same absorption but different emissions, combining them resulted in a ratiometric polarity probe that could quantitatively measure a wider polarity range inside the cell using a single excitation source. In addition, ratiometric imaging using our RPS-1 probe to quantitatively detect the distribution of polarity in different cell lines indicated that lysosomes were the most polar organelles in the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang Jun Park
- Department of Chemistry , Department of Energy Systems Research , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea .
| | - Vinayak Juvekar
- Department of Chemistry , Department of Energy Systems Research , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea .
| | - Jae Hyung Jo
- Department of Chemistry , Department of Energy Systems Research , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea .
| | - Hwan Myung Kim
- Department of Chemistry , Department of Energy Systems Research , Ajou University , Suwon 443-749 , Korea .
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46
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Chen B, Li C, Zhang J, Kan J, Jiang T, Zhou J, Ma H. Sensing and imaging of mitochondrial viscosity in living cells using a red fluorescent probe with a long lifetime. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:7410-7413. [PMID: 31180411 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc03977e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A red fluorescent probe (Mito-V) with a long lifetime was designed to monitor viscosity changes with high selectivity and sensitivity. The fluorescence intensity and lifetime of Mito-V displayed a good relationship with the viscosity value, and Mito-V was successfully applied to sensing mitochondrial viscosity changes in living cells under different biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bochao Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong Engineering Research Center for Smart Materials and Regenerative Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, P. R. China.
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47
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Zhang Y, Li Z, Hu W, Liu Z. A Mitochondrial-Targeting Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe for Visualizing and Monitoring Viscosity in Live Cells and Tissues. Anal Chem 2019; 91:10302-10309. [PMID: 31272148 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The intracellular viscosity is closely related to many functional disorders and diseases. Especially, abnormal mitochondrial viscosity changes are one of the distinct indications in metabolite diffusion as well as mitochondrial metabolism. In this work, we report a novel fluorescent probe (NI-VIS), which uses quinoline as an acceptor group and employs a TICT mechanism (twisted intramolecular charge transfer) to detect viscosity. NI-VIS features a good mitochondrion targeting ability and near-infrared emission. NI-VIS possesses a highly sensitive response toward viscosity changes in aqueous environments. As the viscosity of a DPBS-glycerol system increased from 1.0 to 999 cP, NI-VIS exhibited a hundred-fold enhancement in fluorescence. We demonstrated that after the treatment with ionophores, NI-VIS could identify the variation of mitochondrial viscosity in HeLa cells. The probe also recognized the decrease of mitochondria viscosity during starvation-induced mitophagy. More importantly, NI-VIS was successfully applied to visualize the viscosity variation in cirrhotic liver tissues. Our trial with zebrafish suggested this probe could map the microviscosity in vivo. These findings reveal that NI-VIS can serve as a powerful tool to monitor viscosity of biological samples and shows broad potential applications in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Wei Hu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences , Wuhan University , Wuhan 430072 , China
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48
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49
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Zou Z, Yan Q, Ai S, Qi P, Yang H, Zhang Y, Qing Z, Zhang L, Feng F, Yang R. Real-Time Visualizing Mitophagy-Specific Viscosity Dynamic by Mitochondria-Anchored Molecular Rotor. Anal Chem 2019; 91:8574-8581. [PMID: 31247722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b01861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy, as an evolutionarily conserved cellular process, plays a crucial role in preserving cellular metabolism and physiology. Various microenvironment alterations assigned to mitophagy including pH, polarity, and deregulated biomarkers are increasingly understood. However, mitophagy-specific viscosity dynamic in live cells remains a mystery and needs to be explored. Here, a water-soluble mitochondria-targetable molecular rotor, ethyl-4-[3,6-bis(1-methyl-4-vinylpyridium iodine)-9 H-carbazol-9-yl)] butanoate (BMVC), was exploited as a fluorescent viscosimeter for imaging viscosity variation during mitophagy. This probe contains two positively charged 1-methyl-4-vinylpyridium components as the rotors, whose rotation will be hindered with the increase of environmental viscosity, resulting in enhancement of fluorescence emission. The results demonstrated that this probe operates well in a mitochondrial microenvironment and displays an off-on fluorescence response to viscosity. By virtue of this probe, new discoveries such as the mitochondrial viscosity will increase during mitophagy are elaborated. The real-time visualization of the mitophagy process under nutrient starvation conditions was also proposed and actualized. We expect this probe would be a robust tool in the pathogenic mechanism research of mitochondrial diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zou
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , P.R. China
| | - Qi Yan
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , P.R. China
| | - Sixin Ai
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , P.R. China
| | - Peng Qi
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , P.R. China
| | - Hua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , P.R. China
| | - Yufei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , P.R. China
| | - Zhihe Qing
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , P.R. China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shanxi Datong University , Datong , Shanxi 037009 , P.R. China
| | - Feng Feng
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering , Shanxi Datong University , Datong , Shanxi 037009 , P.R. China
| | - Ronghua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Food Engineering , Changsha University of Science and Technology , Changsha 410114 , P.R. China
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50
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Chen T, Chen Z, Liu R, Zheng S. A NIR fluorescent probe for detection of viscosity and lysosome imaging in live cells. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:6398-6403. [PMID: 31210240 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob01222b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomes, as the cellular recycling center, are filled with numerous hydrolases that can degrade most cellular macromolecules. Studies have shown that the abnormality of viscosity in lysosomes will disrupt the normal function of lysosomes. Herein, a D-π-A structure near-infrared fluorescent probe containing N,N-dimethylamino benzene as an electron donor, benzothiozole as an electron acceptor, and a vinyl group as a π unit, Lyso-BTC, is explored for fluorescence imaging of lysosomes and detection of lysosomal viscosity changes. Lyso-BTC exhibits a large Stokes shift (∼180 nm), NIR emission (685 nm), good biocompatibility, excellent photostability, and fluorescence response to viscosity. Moreover, the results of in vitro studies reveal that Lyso-BTC is lysosome-targeted and could be applied for the detection of viscosity changes in lysosomes caused by chloroquine treatment. These results confirm that Lys-BTC could be employed to monitor lysosomal viscosity changes in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Chen
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China.
| | - Zikang Chen
- BiomaterialsResearchCenter, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.
| | - Ruiyuan Liu
- BiomaterialsResearchCenter, School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, P.R. China.
| | - Shaobing Zheng
- Department of Urology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, P.R. China.
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