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Gu J, Shi YN, Zhu N, Li HF, Zhang CJ, Qin L. Celastrol functions as an emerging manager of lipid metabolism: Mechanism and therapeutic potential. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 164:114981. [PMID: 37285754 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid metabolism disorders are pivotal in the development of various lipid-related diseases, such as obesity, atherosclerosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Celastrol, a bioactive compound extracted from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, has recently demonstrated potent lipid-regulating abilities and promising therapeutic effects for lipid-related diseases. There is substantial evidence indicating that celastrol can ameliorate lipid metabolism disorders by regulating lipid profiles and related metabolic processes, including lipid synthesis, catabolism, absorption, transport, and peroxidation. Even wild-type mice show augmented lipid metabolism after treatment with celastrol. This review aims to provide an overview of recent advancements in the lipid-regulating properties of celastrol, as well as to elucidate its underlying molecular mechanisms. Besides, potential strategies for targeted drug delivery and combination therapy are proposed to enhance the lipid-regulating effects of celastrol and avoid the limitations of its clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Gu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Ya-Ning Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China; Science and Technology Innovation Center, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Neng Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410021, Hunan, China
| | - Hong-Fang Li
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Chan-Juan Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China
| | - Li Qin
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Regulation with Chinese Medicine and Its Application, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Vascular Biology and Translational Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China; Hunan Engineering Technology Research Center for Bioactive Substance Discovery of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan, China.
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Zhou Y, Li M, Shen T, Yang T, Shi G, Wei Y, Chen C, Wang D, Wang Y, Zhang T. Celastrol Targets Cullin-Associated and Neddylation-Dissociated 1 to Prevent Fibroblast-Myofibroblast Transformation against Pulmonary Fibrosis. ACS Chem Biol 2022; 17:2734-2743. [PMID: 36076154 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.2c00099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Celastrol (CEL), a pentacyclic triterpene compound, has been proven to have a definite antipulmonary fibrosis effect. However, its direct targets for antipulmonary fibrosis remain unknown. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of celastrol-based probes to identify the direct targets in human pulmonary fibroblasts using an activity-based protein profiling strategy. Among many fished targets, we identified a key protein, cullin-associated and neddylation-dissociated 1 (CAND1), which was involved in fibroblast-myofibroblast transformation (FMT). More importantly, we found that the inhibitory effect of celastrol on FMT is dependent on CAND1, through improving the interactions between CAND1 and Cullin1 to promote the activity of Skp1/Cullin1/F-box ubiquitin ligases. In silico studies and cysteine mutation experiments further demonstrated that Cys264 of CAND1 is the site for conjugation of celastrol. This reveals a new mechanism of celastrol against pulmonary fibrosis and may provide a novel therapeutic option for antipulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Manru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tianming Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300301, China.,State Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery Technology and Pharmacokinetics, Tianjin Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, Tianjin 300301, China
| | - Gaona Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yazi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Chengjuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Tiantai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Geng Y, Xu J, Li W, Li Q, Shen C, Deng Z, Zhou Y. Chemoproteomic profiling reveals celastrol as a potential modulator of cholesterol signaling. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:1914-1917. [PMID: 35040838 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05986f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
We report a quantitative chemoproteomic approach that utilizes a clickable photoreactive probe for global profiling of celastrol targets, which may significantly improve the current understanding of celastrol's mode of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyun Geng
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou 215500, China.
| | - Jingyuan Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou 215500, China.
| | - Weichao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou 215500, China. .,College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Chenjinxin Shen
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou 215500, China.
| | - Zhangshuang Deng
- College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang 443002, China
| | - Yiqing Zhou
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou 215500, China. .,CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zhang Q, Huang J, Chow HY, Wang J, Zhang Y, Fung YME, Ren Q, Li X. Development of DHQ-based chemical biology probe to profile cellular targets for HBV. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2020; 30:127615. [PMID: 33080351 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2020.127615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection has been a serious public health burden worldwide. Current anti-HBV therapies could not eliminate HBV ultimately. Considering the characteristics of HBV, it is impossible to be entirely cured based on current therapies. Therefore, it is urgently needed to develop novel therapeutic agents with new mechanism of action. The dihydroquinolizinone (DHQ) derivatives exhibited potent anti-HBV activity by decreasing HBV DNA and HBsAg level in an obscure mechanism of action. In this study, we have optimized the DHQ scaffold, developed the photoaffinity probe, with which to identify potential binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jianzhou Huang
- The State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infection Drug Development, HEC Pharma Group, Dong Guan 523871, China
| | - Hoi Yee Chow
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Jinzheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Yingjun Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infection Drug Development, HEC Pharma Group, Dong Guan 523871, China
| | - Yi Man Eva Fung
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR
| | - Qingyun Ren
- The State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infection Drug Development, HEC Pharma Group, Dong Guan 523871, China.
| | - Xuechen Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR.
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Wu Y, Sun Y, Zhang Z, Chen J, Dong G. Effects of Peptidoglycan, Lipoteichoic Acid and Lipopolysaccharide on Inflammation, Proliferation and Milk Fat Synthesis in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 12:toxins12080497. [PMID: 32748871 PMCID: PMC7472015 DOI: 10.3390/toxins12080497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The mammary gland of the cow is particularly susceptible to infections of a wide range of pathogenic bacteria, including both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The endotoxins of these pathogenic bacteria include peptidoglycan (PGN), lipoteichoic acid (LTA) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and they are the pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) to induce mastitis. LPS can directly inhibit proliferation and milk fat synthesis of bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) while inducing mastitis, but it is unclear whether PGN and LTA also have such effects. Furthermore, since the three PAMPs usually appear simultaneously in the udder of cows with mastitis, their synergistic effects on proliferation and milk fat synthesis of BMECs are worth investigating. The immortalized BMECs (MAC-T cells) were stimulated for 24 h using various concentrations of PGN, LTA and LPS, respectively, to determine the doses that could effectively cause inflammatory responses. Next, the cells were stimulated for 24 h with no endotoxins (CON), PGN, LTA, LPS, PGN + LTA, and PGN + LTA + LPS, respectively, with the predetermined doses to analyze their effects on proliferation and milk fat synthesis of BMECs. PGN, LTA and LPS successfully induced inflammatory responses of BMECs with doses of 30, 30 and 0.1 μg/mL, respectively. Although the proliferation of BMECs was significantly inhibited in the following order: LTA < PGN + LTA < PGN + LTA + LPS, there was no change in cell morphology and cell death. LTA significantly promoted the expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes but did not change the content of intracellular triglyceride (TG), compared with the CON group. The mRNA expression of fatty acid synthesis-related genes in the LPS group was the lowest among all the groups. Meanwhile, LPS significantly decreased the content of intracellular non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) and TG, compared with the CON group. PGN had no effects on milk fat synthesis. Co-stimulation with PGN, LTA and LPS significantly increased the expression of fat acid synthesis-related genes and the intracellular NEFAs, but decreased intracellular TG, compared with sole LPS stimulation. Collectively, PGN, LTA and LPS showed an additive effect on inhibiting proliferation of BMECs. The promoting role of LTA in fatty acid synthesis might offset the negative effects of LPS in this regard, but co-stimulation with PGN, LTA and LPS significantly decreased intracellular TG content.
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Chen X, Xu J, Wong NK, Zhong S, Yang M, Liu Z, Lu Y, Li W, Zhou Y. Chemoproteomic Profiling of Cobalamin-Independent Methionine Synthases in Plants with a Covalent Probe. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:8050-8056. [PMID: 32618189 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c03301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Cobalamin-independent methionine synthases (MS) are zinc-binding methyltransferases that catalyze de novo methionine biosynthesis in higher plants, which are enzymes critically involved in seed germination and plant growth. Here, we report a highly selective sulfonyl fluoride-based probe for chemoproteomic profiling of MS enzymes in living systems of the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, as implemented in in-gel-, mass spectrometry-, and imaging-based platforms. This probe holds promise for facilitating and accelerating fundamental research and industrial application of MS enzymes, particularly in the contexts of MS1/2-targeting herbicide screening and design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingyuan Xu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
| | - Nai-Kei Wong
- National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, The Second Hospital Affiliated to Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518112, China
| | - Suyun Zhong
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
| | - Mengquan Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhen Liu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
| | - Yan Lu
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
| | - Weichao Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yiqing Zhou
- School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Changshu, Jiangsu 215500, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
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