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Zhong C, Deng J, Yang Y, Zeng H, Feng L, Luan T. Rapid and sensitive determination of legacy and emerging per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances with solid-phase microextraction probe coupled with mass spectrometry. Talanta 2024; 276:126233. [PMID: 38739954 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
This study was designed to develop a rapid and sensitive method for quantifying legacy and emerging per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in environmental samples with solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with mass spectrometry (MS). An innovative SPME probe was fabricated via in situ polymerization, and the probe coating was optimized with response surface methodology to maximize the fluorine-fluorine interactions and electrostatic properties and ensure high selectivity for the target PFASs with enrichment factors of 48-491. The coupled SPME and MS provided a rapid and sensitive method for analyses of PFASs, with excellent linearity (r ≥ 0.9962) over the concentration range 0.001-1 μg/L and remarkably low detection limits of 0.1-13.0 ng/L. This method was used to analyze trace PFASs in tap water, river water, and wastewater samples and proved to be a simple and efficient analytical method for selective enrichment and detection of contaminants in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfei Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang, 515200, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiewei Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang, 515200, China; School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; Smart Medical Innovation Technology Center, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Yunyun Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Measurement and Emergency Test Technology, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for Ambient Mass Spectrometry, Institute of Analysis, Guangdong Academy of Sciences (China National Analytical Center, Guangzhou), Guangzhou, 510070, China
| | - Haishen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang, 515200, China; School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Longkuan Feng
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang, 515200, China; School of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tiangang Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang, 515200, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Quality Improvement and Ecological Restoration for Watersheds, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China; School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, China.
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2
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Chu F, Zhao G, Wei W, Shuaibu NS, Feng H, Pan Y, Wang X. Wide-energy programmable microwave plasma-ionization for high-coverage mass spectrometry analysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6075. [PMID: 39025871 PMCID: PMC11258349 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50322-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Although numerous ambient ionization mass spectroscopy technologies have been developed over the past 20 years to address diverse analytical circumstances, a single-ion source technique that can handle all analyte types is still lacking. Here, a wide-energy programmable microwave plasma-ionization mass spectrometry (WPMPI-MS) system is presented, through which MS analysis can achieve high coverage of substances with various characteristics by digitally regulating the microwave energy. In addition, ionization energy can be rapidly scanned using programmable waveforms, enabling the simultaneous detection of biomolecules, heavy metals, non-polar molecules, etc., in seconds. WPMPI-MS performs well in analyzing real samples, rapidly analyzing nine toxicological standards in one drop of serum, and demonstrating good quantification and liquid chromatography coupling capability. The WPMPI-MS has also been used to detect soil extracts, solid pharmaceuticals, and landfill leachate, further demonstrating its robust analytical capabilities for real samples. The prospective uses of the technology in biological and chemical analysis are extensive, and it is anticipated to emerge as a viable alternative to commercially available ion sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjian Chu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Gaosheng Zhao
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Nazifi Sani Shuaibu
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China
| | - Hongru Feng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanjiang Pan
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaozhi Wang
- College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, P. R. China.
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3
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Sun Y, Tang Y, Chen Z, Ge M, Xiong W, Wen L. A Facile Determination of Herbicide Residues and Its Application in On-Site Analysis. Foods 2024; 13:1280. [PMID: 38672952 PMCID: PMC11049070 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Abuse of herbicides in food safety is a vital concern that has an influence on the sustainable development of the world. This work presents, a modified ionization method with separation of the sample and carrier gas inlets, which was utilized for efficient ionization and analyte transfer of herbicides in crops. The working parameters of voltage, injective distance, desorption temperature, and the carrier gas flow rate were optimized to achieve the high efficiency of the transfer and ionization of the analyte. When it was applied in the analysis of herbicides in laboratory, the method exhibited excellent performance in achieving the quantitative detection of herbicides in solutions and residues spiked in an actual matrix with a limit of quantification of 1-20 μg/kg and relative standard deviations of less than 15%. Although a simple QuEchERS process was used, the programmable heating platform ensured efficient gasification and transfer of the target analyte, with the advantages of high speed and selectivity, avoiding the noted matrix effect. The method exhibited a relatively acceptable performance by using air as the discharged gas (open air). It could be used to monitor herbicide residues in the growth stage via on-site non-destructive analysis, which obtained low LODs by dissociating the herbicides from the crops without any pretreatment. It showed great potential for the supervision of the food safety market by achieving non-destructive detection of crops anytime and anywhere. This finding may provide new insights into the determination of pesticide emergence and rice quality assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Sun
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.T.); (Z.C.); (M.G.); (L.W.)
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Yan Tang
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.T.); (Z.C.); (M.G.); (L.W.)
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Zetao Chen
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.T.); (Z.C.); (M.G.); (L.W.)
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Miaoxiu Ge
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.T.); (Z.C.); (M.G.); (L.W.)
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.T.); (Z.C.); (M.G.); (L.W.)
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ningbo 315100, China
| | - Luhong Wen
- The Research Institute of Advanced Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China; (Y.S.); (Y.T.); (Z.C.); (M.G.); (L.W.)
- China Innovation Instrument Co., Ningbo 315100, China
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4
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Wevers D, Ramautar R, Clark C, Hankemeier T, Ali A. Opportunities and challenges for sample preparation and enrichment in mass spectrometry for single-cell metabolomics. Electrophoresis 2023; 44:2000-2024. [PMID: 37667867 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202300105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell heterogeneity in metabolism, drug resistance and disease type poses the need for analytical techniques for single-cell analysis. As the metabolome provides the closest view of the status quo in the cell, studying the metabolome at single-cell resolution may unravel said heterogeneity. A challenge in single-cell metabolome analysis is that metabolites cannot be amplified, so one needs to deal with picolitre volumes and a wide range of analyte concentrations. Due to high sensitivity and resolution, MS is preferred in single-cell metabolomics. Large numbers of cells need to be analysed for proper statistics; this requires high-throughput analysis, and hence automation of the analytical workflow. Significant advances in (micro)sampling methods, CE and ion mobility spectrometry have been made, some of which have been applied in high-throughput analyses. Microfluidics has enabled an automation of cell picking and metabolite extraction; image recognition has enabled automated cell identification. Many techniques have been used for data analysis, varying from conventional techniques to novel combinations of advanced chemometric approaches. Steps have been set in making data more findable, accessible, interoperable and reusable, but significant opportunities for improvement remain. Herein, advances in single-cell analysis workflows and data analysis are discussed, and recommendations are made based on the experimental goal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Wevers
- Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rawi Ramautar
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Charlie Clark
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Hankemeier
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ahmed Ali
- Metabolomics and Analytics Centre, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
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5
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Hitzemann M, Schaefer C, Kirk AT, Nitschke A, Lippmann M, Zimmermann S. Easy to assemble dielectric barrier discharge plasma ionization source based on printed circuit boards. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1239:340649. [PMID: 36628746 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.340649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Here, we present a new and an easy to assemble dielectric barrier discharge plasma ionization source based on printed circuit boards with two parallel isolated electrodes for generating a plasma inside an inert fused silica capillary. For demonstration, this plasma source is coupled to an ion mobility spectrometer. With two different sample gas feeds the analytes can either pass through the plasma or bypass the plasma before entering the reaction region of the ion mobility spectrometer, allowing for different ionization pathways, e.g. electron impact ionization, ionization by excited species, e.g. helium metastables, or chemical ionization via reactant ions generated inside or downstream of the plasma. The plasma source, in particular, the electrode geometry and the capillary diameter were designed with the help of electric field simulations. A rectangular electrode with a height of at least twice the outer diameter of the capillary turned out to be ideal, in both the simulation and the experiment. Furthermore, a simple control electronics has been developed, which can be easily applied to other plasma sources. With the plasma source presented here, detection limits in the mid pptv range have been reached.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moritz Hitzemann
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Appelstr. 9A, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
| | - Christoph Schaefer
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Appelstr. 9A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ansgar T Kirk
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Appelstr. 9A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alexander Nitschke
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Appelstr. 9A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Martin Lippmann
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Appelstr. 9A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Stefan Zimmermann
- Leibniz University Hannover, Institute of Electrical Engineering and Measurement Technology, Appelstr. 9A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
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Yue H, He F, Zhao Z, Duan Y. Plasma-based ambient mass spectrometry: Recent progress and applications. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023; 42:95-130. [PMID: 34128567 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ambient mass spectrometry (AMS) has grown as a group of advanced analytical techniques that allow for the direct sampling and ionization of the analytes in different statuses from their native environment without or with minimum sample pretreatments. As a significant category of AMS, plasma-based AMS has gained a lot of attention due to its features that allow rapid, real-time, high-throughput, in vivo, and in situ analysis in various fields, including bioanalysis, pharmaceuticals, forensics, food safety, and mass spectrometry imaging. Tens of new methods have been developed since the introduction of the first plasma-based AMS technique direct analysis in real-time. This review first provides a comprehensive overview of the established plasma-based AMS techniques from their ion source configurations, mechanisms, and developments. Then, the progress of the representative applications in various scientific fields in the past 4 years (January 2017 to January 2021) has been summarized. Finally, we discuss the current challenges and propose the future directions of plasma-based AMS from our perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanlu Yue
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Feiyao He
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhongjun Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yixiang Duan
- College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- School of Manufacturing Science and Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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7
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Jia S, Marques Dos Santos M, Li C, Snyder SA. Recent advances in mass spectrometry analytical techniques for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Anal Bioanal Chem 2022; 414:2795-2807. [PMID: 35132477 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-022-03905-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous presence of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) in various environments has led to increasing concern, and these chemicals have been confirmed as global contaminants. Following the chemical regulatory restrictions imposed, PFAS alternatives that are presumed to be less toxic have been manufactured to replace the traditional ones in the market. However, owing to the original release and alternative usage, continuous accumulation of PFAS has been reported in environmental and human samples, with uncertain consequences for ecosystem and human health. It is crucial to promote and improve existing analytical techniques to facilitate the detection of trace amounts of PFAS in diverse environmental matrices. This review summarizes analytical methods that have been applied to and advanced for targeted detection and suspect screening of PFAS, which mainly include (i) sampling and sample preparation methods for various environment matrices and organisms, and quality assurance/quality control during the analysis process, and (ii) quantitative methods for targeted analysis and automated suspect screening strategies for non-targeted PFAS analysis, together with their applications, advantages, shortcomings, and need for new method development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenglan Jia
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
| | - Mauricius Marques Dos Santos
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
| | - Caixia Li
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore
| | - Shane A Snyder
- Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute (NEWRI), Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, CleanTech One, Singapore, 637141, Singapore.
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Huang J, Shu J, Yang B, Guo Y, Zhang Z, Jiang K, Li Z. Ultrasensitive detection of trace chemical warfare agent-related compounds by thermal desorption associative ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Talanta 2021; 235:122788. [PMID: 34517646 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A thermal desorption associative ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometer was developed for ultrasensitive detection of semi-volatile chemical warfare agents (CWAs). The excited-state CH2Cl2-induced associative ionization method presented a soft ionization characterization and an excellent sensitivity towards CWAs. The detection sensitivities of the investigated nine CWA-related substances were 2.56 × 105-5.01 × 106 counts ng-1 in a detection cycle (30 s or 100 s). The corresponding 3σ limits of detection (LODs) were 0.08-3.90 pg. Compared with the best-documented LODs via the dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) and secondary electrospray ionization (SESI), the obtained LODs of the investigated compounds were improved by 2-76 times. Additionally, the measured sensitivity of 2-Chloroethyl ethyl, a proxy for mustard gas, is 550 counts pptv-1, which exceeds the DBDI and SESI's corresponding values (4.4 counts pptv-1 and 6.5 counts pptv-1) nearly by two orders of magnitude. A field application simulation was conducted by putting a strip of PTFE film contaminated with the CWA-related agent into the thermal desorption unit. The simulation showed that the sensitivities of the instrument via swipe surveying could achieve 2.19 × 105 to 5.23 × 106 counts ng-1. The experimental results demonstrate that the excited-state CH2Cl2-induced associative ionization is an ultrasensitive ionization method for CWAs and reveal a prospect for improving the detection of CWA species future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinian Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China; National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Bo Yang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Yedong Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zuojian Zhang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Kui Jiang
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhen Li
- National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Material & Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Miao M, Zhao G, Cheng P, Li J, Zhang J, Pan H. Rapid Analysis of Trace Phthalates by Spray-Inlet Microwave Plasma Torch Ionization-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Commercial Perfumes. J AOAC Int 2021; 105:54-61. [PMID: 34636904 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The less volatile fraction of perfumes can be easily contaminated by phthalates esters (PAEs) which are endocrine-disrupting chemicals during the production, bottling and transportation processes. It is necessary to establish an innovative and rapid method to determine the trace PAEs in commercial perfumes. OBJECTIVE Hence, self-built spray-inlet microwave plasma torch ionization coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometer (QTOF-MS) was developed for direct analysis of PAEs in perfumes with no sample pretreatment. METHODS Perfumes were sprayed to the MPT's flame directly by sampling pump in 10 µL/min and the ions produced by MPT were introduced into QTOF-MS, the MPT worked at 2450 MHz and 40 W in the 800 ml/min flow rate of argon. RESULTS For the developed method, excellent linearities were obtained and the correlation coefficient of Di-n-pentyl Phthalate was 0.9799 and the rest were larger than 0.99. The LODs and LOQs were obtained in the ranges of 1.452-18.96 ng/g and 4.839-63.19 ng/g, respectively. The spiked recoveries of PAEs were in the range of 100.1-105.2% with satisfied intra-day RSDs and inter-day RSDs ranging from 1.51-4.34% and 3.45-5.65%, respectively. PAEs in commercial perfumes were successfully detected by spray-inlet MPT-MS2 with low concentrations from 0.036-1.352 µg/g. CONCLUSIONS The method is a promising tool in field analysis of PAEs in cosmetic solutions where rapid qualitative and quantitative analysis in needed. HIGHLIGHTS The method was satisfactorily applied to the analysis of commercial perfume samples within 30 s, and earned merits such as simplicity, sensitivity, environmental friendliness and ease operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Miao
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Medical Technology, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Gaosheng Zhao
- Zhejiang University, College of Control Science and Engineering, Hangzhou, 310000 China
| | - Ping Cheng
- Shanghai University, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai, 200444 China
| | - Jia Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Medical Technology, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, School of Medical Technology, Shanghai, 201318 China
| | - Hongzhi Pan
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Collaborative Research Center, Shanghai, 200120 China
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Liu Q, Zenobi R. Rapid analysis of fragrance allergens by dielectric barrier discharge ionization mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35:e9021. [PMID: 33300175 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 12/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Fragrances are organic compounds with pleasant odors that are widely used in every aspect of our daily life; some fragrance ingredients can cause allergic reactions. Hence, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of fragrance allergens can prevent consumers coming into contact with these compounds. In this study, we evaluated the ability of a dielectric barrier discharge ionization (DBDI) source for analyzing allergens that occur in fragrances. METHODS A home-built liquid-infusion device was used to evaporate the liquid samples. An active capillary plasma ionization source, which is based on a dielectric barrier discharge, was used to ionize the analytes. Mass spectra were acquired in positive ion mode with an LTQ Orbitrap mass spectrometer. RESULTS Seven typical fragrance allergens were analyzed in this study. The limits of detections (LODs) were as low as 0.0001 ppm and a linear dynamic range of 2-3 orders of magnitude was achieved. Allergens in five different perfume products were successfully analyzed and quantified by this method, with analysis times of less than 1 min per sample. CONCLUSIONS This work introduces a DBDI-MS-based analytical method for detecting and quantifying fragrance allergens. Since DBDI has the advantages of high sensitivity, simple operation and fast analysis time, it is very suitable for the rapid analysis of trace allergens in fragrances, and could easily be used for quality control of consumer products in the cosmetics market.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinlei Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Renato Zenobi
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, CH-8093, Zurich, Switzerland
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Ahmed E, Xiao D, Kabir KMM, Fletcher J, Donald WA. Ambient Pressure Ion Funnel: Concepts, Simulations, and Analytical Performance. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15811-15817. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c02938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ezaz Ahmed
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - Dan Xiao
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - K. M. Mohibul Kabir
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - John Fletcher
- School of Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
| | - William A. Donald
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052 Australia
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