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Samgane G, Karaçam S, Tunçer Çağlayan S. Unveiling the synergistic potency of chlorhexidine and azithromycin in combined action. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 397:5975-5987. [PMID: 38376540 PMCID: PMC11329591 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03010-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
The growing challenge of antibiotic resistance necessitates novel approaches for combating bacterial infections. This study explores the distinctive synergy between chlorhexidine, an antiseptic and disinfectant agent, and azithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic, in their impact on bacterial growth and virulence factors using Escherichia coli strain Crooks (ATCC 8739) as a model. Our findings reveal that the chlorhexidine and azithromycin combination demonstrates enhanced anti-bacterial effects compared to individual treatments. Intriguingly, the combination induced oxidative stress, decreased flagellin expression, impaired bacterial motility, and enhanced bacterial autoaggregation. Notably, the combined treatment also demonstrated a substantial reduction in bacterial adherence to colon epithelial cells and downregulated NF-κB in the epithelial cells. In conclusion, these results shed light on the potential of the chlorhexidine and azithromycin synergy as a compelling strategy to address the rising challenge of antibiotic resistance and may pave the way for innovative therapeutic interventions in tackling bacterial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gizem Samgane
- Department of Biotechnology, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, 11100, Turkey
| | - Sevinç Karaçam
- Department of Biotechnology, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, 11100, Turkey
- Central Research and Application Laboratory, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Bilecik, 11100, Turkey
| | - Sinem Tunçer Çağlayan
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Vocational School of Health Services, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, Pelitözü Mah. Fatih Sultan Mehmet Bulvarı No:27, Bilecik, 11100, Turkey.
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Han L, Chang PV. Activity-based protein profiling in microbes and the gut microbiome. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2023; 76:102351. [PMID: 37429085 PMCID: PMC10527501 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2023.102351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Activity-based protein profiling (ABPP) is a powerful chemical approach for probing protein function and enzymatic activity in complex biological systems. This strategy typically utilizes activity-based probes that are designed to bind a specific protein, amino acid residue, or protein family and form a covalent bond through a reactivity-based warhead. Subsequent analysis by mass spectrometry-based proteomic platforms that involve either click chemistry or affinity-based labeling to enrich for the tagged proteins enables identification of protein function and enzymatic activity. ABPP has facilitated elucidation of biological processes in bacteria, discovery of new antibiotics, and characterization of host-microbe interactions within physiological contexts. This review will focus on recent advances and applications of ABPP in bacteria and complex microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | - Pamela V Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Cornell Center for Immunology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA; Cornell Institute of Host-Microbe Interactions and Disease, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
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Xing M, Han Y, Zhu Y, Sun Y, Shan Y, Wang KN, Liu Q, Dong B, Cao D, Lin W. Two Ratiometric Fluorescent Probes Based on the Hydroxyl Coumarin Chalcone Unit with Large Fluorescent Peak Shift for the Detection of Hydrazine in Living Cells. Anal Chem 2022; 94:12836-12844. [PMID: 36062507 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c02798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Hydrazine is widely used in industrial and agricultural production, but excessive hydrazine possesses a serious threat to human health and environment. Here two new ratiometric fluorescence probes, DDP and DDC, with the hydroxyl coumarin chalcone unit as the sensing site are developed, which can achieve colorimetric and ratiometric recognition for hydrazine with good sensitivity, excellent selectivity, and anti-interference. The calculated fluorescence limits of detections are 0.26 μM (DDC) and 0.14 μM (DDP). The ratiometric fluorescence response to hydrazine is realized through the adjustment of donor and receptor units in coumarin conjugate structure terminals, accompanied by fluorescence peak shift about 200 nm (DDC, 188 nm; DDP, 229 nm). Stronger electropositivity in the carbon-carbon double bond is helpful to the first phase addition reaction between the probe and hydrazine. Higher phenol activity in the hydroxyl coumarin moiety will facilitate the following dihydro-pyrazole cyclization reaction. In addition, both of these probes realized the convenient detection of hydrazine vapor. The probes were also successfully applied to detect hydrazine in actual water samples, different soils, and living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaomiao Xing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yanyan Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yilin Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yatong Sun
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yanyan Shan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Kang-Nan Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Qiuxin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Baoli Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Duxia Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Weiying Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, Guangxi, China
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He Z, Zhang H, Song Y, Yang Z, Cai Z. Exposure to ambient fine particulate matter impedes the function of spleen in the mouse metabolism of high-fat diet. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 423:127129. [PMID: 34509742 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological and experimental evidence has been associating the exposure with ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) with metabolic malfunctions such as obesity and cardiovascular disease. As the blood-filter and the important lymphatic organ, spleen participates in the regulation of metabolic balance. In this work, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS)-based lipidomics, metabolomics and proteomics were performed to study the effects of PM2.5 exposure and high-fat diet (HFD) induced obesity on mice spleen. By comparing the differences in lipids, metabolites, and proteins in the spleens from PM2.5 and HFD treated mice, we discovered the individual and combined effects of the two risk factors. The results showed the PM2.5 exposure altered energy metabolism of the mice, as evidenced by the upregulation of TCA cycle. In addition, the metabolism of branched-chain amino acids was also significantly changed, which might be related to the preventive function of spleen in lipid metabolism. The PM2.5-induced metabolic changes in spleen could further aggravate the adverse impacts of HFD on mice, resulting in impeded splenic metabolism of lipids. This study revealed the effects of PM2.5 and obesity mice spleen, which might be of great significance to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao He
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Hongna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuanyuan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Zongwei Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong, China.
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