1
|
El-Kalyoubi S, Khalifa MM, Abo-Elfadl MT, El-Sayed AA, Elkamhawy A, Lee K, Al-Karmalawy AA. Design and synthesis of new spirooxindole candidates and their selenium nanoparticles as potential dual Topo I/II inhibitors, DNA intercalators, and apoptotic inducers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2023; 38:2242714. [PMID: 37592917 PMCID: PMC10444021 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2023.2242714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
A new wave of dual Topo I/II inhibitors was designed and synthesised via the hybridisation of spirooxindoles and pyrimidines. In situ selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) for some derivatives were synthesised. The targets and the SeNP derivatives were examined for their cytotoxicity towards five cancer cell lines. The inhibitory potencies of the best members against Topo I and Topo II were also assayed besides their DNA intercalation abilities. Compound 7d NPs exhibited the best inhibition against Topo I and Topo II enzymes with IC50 of 0.042 and 1.172 μM, respectively. The ability of compound 7d NPs to arrest the cell cycle and induce apoptosis was investigated. It arrested the cell cycle in the A549 cell at the S phase and prompted apoptosis by 41.02% vs. 23.81% in the control. In silico studies were then performed to study the possible binding interactions between the designed members and the target proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar El-Kalyoubi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Khalifa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud T. Abo-Elfadl
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
- Cancer Biology and Genetics Laboratory, Centre of Excellence for Advanced Sciences, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. El-Sayed
- Photochemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elkamhawy
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University—Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Kyeong Lee
- College of Pharmacy, BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, Dongguk University—Seoul, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Ahmed A. Al-Karmalawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Asghar BH, Hassan RK, Barakat LA, Alharbi A, El Behery M, Elshaarawy RF, Hassan YA. Cross-linked quaternized chitosan nanoparticles for effective delivery and controllable release of O. europaea phenolic extract targeting cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
|
3
|
Yin J, Che G, Jiang K, Zhou Z, Wu L, Xu M, Liu J, Yan S. Ciclopirox Olamine Exerts Tumor-Suppressor Effects via Topoisomerase II Alpha in Lung Adenocarcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 12:791916. [PMID: 35251970 PMCID: PMC8894728 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.791916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Globally, lung cancer is one of the most malignant tumors, of which lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is the most common subtype, with a particularly poor prognosis. Ciclopirox olamine (CPX) is an antifungal drug and was recently identified as a potential antitumor agent. However, how CPX and its mechanism of action function during LUAD remain unclear. Methods The effects of CPX on cell proliferation, cell cycle, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, and apoptosis were assessed using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, colony formation, western blotting, flow cytometry assays, and immunohistochemistry. Global gene expression levels were compared between control and CPX-treated LUAD cells. A LUAD xenograft mouse model was used to evaluate the potential in vivo effects of CPX. Results We observed that CPX displayed strong antitumorigenic properties in LUAD cells, inhibited LUAD proliferation, induced ROS production, caused DNA damage, and activated the ATR-CHK1-P53 pathway. Topoisomerase II alpha (TOP2A) is overexpressed in LUAD and associated with a poor prognosis. By analyzing differentially expressed genes (DEGs), TOP2A was significantly down-regulated in CPX-treated LUAD cells. Furthermore, CPX treatment substantially inhibited in vivo LUAD xenograft growth without toxicity or side effects to the hematological system and internal organs. Conclusions Collectively, for the first time, we showed that CPX exerted tumor-suppressor effects in LUAD via TOP2A, suggesting CPX could potentially function as a promising chemotherapeutic for LUAD treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Che
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kan Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ziyang Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Mengyou Xu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Liu, ; Senxiang Yan,
| | - Senxiang Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Jian Liu, ; Senxiang Yan,
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Synthesis of Tyrosol and Hydroxytyrosol Glycofuranosides and Their Biochemical and Biological Activities in Cell-Free and Cellular Assays. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247607. [PMID: 34946703 PMCID: PMC8709365 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tyrosol (T) and hydroxytyrosol (HOT) and their glycosides are promising candidates for applications in functional food products or in complementary therapy. A series of phenylethanoid glycofuranosides (PEGFs) were synthesized to compare some of their biochemical and biological activities with T and HOT. The optimization of glycosylation promoted by environmentally benign basic zinc carbonate was performed to prepare HOT α-L-arabino-, β-D-apio-, and β-D-ribofuranosides. T and HOT β-D-fructofuranosides, prepared by enzymatic transfructosylation of T and HOT, were also included in the comparative study. The antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective potential of T, HOT, and PEGFs on plasmid DNA were determined using cell-free assays. The DNA-damaging potential of the studied compounds for human hepatoma HepG2 cells and their DNA-protective potential on HepG2 cells against hydrogen peroxide were evaluated using the comet assay. Experiments revealed a spectrum of different activities of the studied compounds. HOT and HOT β-D-fructofuranoside appear to be the best-performing scavengers and protectants of plasmid DNA and HepG2 cells. T and T β-D-fructofuranoside display almost zero or low scavenging/antioxidant activity and protective effects on plasmid DNA or HepG2 cells. The results imply that especially HOT β-D-fructofuranoside and β-D-apiofuranoside could be considered as prospective molecules for the subsequent design of supplements with potential in food and health protection.
Collapse
|
5
|
Lo Giudice V, Faraone I, Bruno MR, Ponticelli M, Labanca F, Bisaccia D, Massarelli C, Milella L, Todaro L. Olive Trees By-Products as Sources of Bioactive and Other Industrially Useful Compounds: A Systematic Review. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26165081. [PMID: 34443669 PMCID: PMC8399450 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26165081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The need to produce an ever-increasing quantity of material products and food resulting from the planet globalization process has contributed to the spread of modern agriculture based on a linear production resulting in the generation of tons of waste. This huge amount of waste is generally accumulated in landfills, causing different environmental problems. Hence, researchers moved on to study the processes used to recover agro-industrial by-products within a circular and sustainable bio-economy concept. A systematic quest on Scopus and PubMed databases was performed to identify the data available to date on recycling agro-industrial by-products of Olea europaea L. This systematic review summarizes the knowledge regarding the use of olive trees by-products for producing animal feed, biocomposites, bioethanol, cellulose pulp, activated carbon, and as a fuel source for energy production. Furthermore, the data regarding the potential biological activity of extracts from olive roots, wood, bark, and pruning were analyzed. Olive trees by-products are, indeed, rich in molecules with antioxidant, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, and anticancer activity, representing a promising candidate for treat several human diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Lo Giudice
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (V.L.G.); (M.R.B.); (L.T.)
| | - Immacolata Faraone
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.F.); (M.P.); (F.L.)
- Spinoff BioActiPlant s.r.l., Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy
| | - Maria Roberta Bruno
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (V.L.G.); (M.R.B.); (L.T.)
| | - Maria Ponticelli
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.F.); (M.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Fabiana Labanca
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.F.); (M.P.); (F.L.)
| | - Donatella Bisaccia
- Italian National Research Council—Water Research Institute, Viale F. De Blasio 5, 70123 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Carmine Massarelli
- Italian National Research Council—Water Research Institute, Viale F. De Blasio 5, 70123 Bari, Italy; (D.B.); (C.M.)
| | - Luigi Milella
- Department of Science, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (I.F.); (M.P.); (F.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Luigi Todaro
- School of Agricultural, Forestry, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Basilicata, Viale dell’Ateneo Lucano 10, 85100 Potenza, Italy; (V.L.G.); (M.R.B.); (L.T.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Weinhouse C. The roles of inducible chromatin and transcriptional memory in cellular defense system responses to redox-active pollutants. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 170:85-108. [PMID: 33789123 PMCID: PMC8382302 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
People are exposed to wide range of redox-active environmental pollutants. Air pollution, heavy metals, pesticides, and endocrine disrupting chemicals can disrupt cellular redox status. Redox-active pollutants in our environment all trigger their own sets of specific cellular responses, but they also activate a common set of general stress responses that buffer the cell against homeostatic insults. These cellular defense system (CDS) pathways include the heat shock response, the oxidative stress response, the hypoxia response, the unfolded protein response, the DNA damage response, and the general stress response mediated by the stress-activated p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase. Over the past two decades, the field of environmental epigenetics has investigated epigenetic responses to environmental pollutants, including redox-active pollutants. Studies of these responses highlight the role of chromatin modifications in controlling the transcriptional response to pollutants and the role of transcriptional memory, often referred to as "epigenetic reprogramming", in predisposing previously exposed individuals to more potent transcriptional responses on secondary challenge. My central thesis in this review is that high dose or chronic exposure to redox-active pollutants leads to transcriptional memories at CDS target genes that influence the cell's ability to mount protective responses. To support this thesis, I will: (1) summarize the known chromatin features required for inducible gene activation; (2) review the known forms of transcriptional memory; (3) discuss the roles of inducible chromatin and transcriptional memory in CDS responses that are activated by redox-active environmental pollutants; and (4) propose a conceptual framework for CDS pathway responsiveness as a readout of total cellular exposure to redox-active pollutants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caren Weinhouse
- Oregon Institute of Occupational Health Sciences, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, 97214, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Flor A, Wolfgeher D, Li J, Hanakahi LA, Kron SJ. Lipid-derived electrophiles mediate the effects of chemotherapeutic topoisomerase I poisons. Cell Chem Biol 2021; 28:776-787.e8. [PMID: 33352117 PMCID: PMC8206239 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2020.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Topoisomerase 1 (Top1) reversibly nicks chromosomal DNA to relax strain accumulated during transcription, replication, chromatin assembly, and chromosome condensation. The Top1 poison camptothecin targets cancer cells by trapping the enzyme in the covalent complex Top1cc, tethered to cleaved DNA by a tyrosine-3'-phosphate bond. In vitro mechanistic studies point to interfacial inhibition, where camptothecin binding to the Top1-DNA interface stabilizes Top1cc. Here we present a complementary covalent mechanism that is critical in vivo. We observed that camptothecins induce oxidative stress, leading to lipid peroxidation, lipid-derived electrophile accumulation, and Top1 poisoning via covalent modification. The electrophile 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal can induce Top1cc on its own and forms a Michael adduct to a cysteine thiol in the Top1 active site, potentially blocking tyrosine dephosphorylation and 3' DNA phosphate release. Thereby, camptothecins may leverage a physiological cysteine-based redox switch in Top1 to mediate their selective toxicity to rapidly proliferating cancer cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy Flor
- University of Chicago, Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Chicago IL 60637, USA,Further information and requests for resources and reagents should be directed to and will be fulfilled by the Lead Contact, Amy Flor ()
| | - Donald Wolfgeher
- University of Chicago, Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Chicago IL 60637, USA
| | - Jing Li
- University of Illinois Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rockford IL 61107, USA
| | - Leslyn A. Hanakahi
- University of Illinois Chicago, College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Rockford IL 61107, USA
| | - Stephen J. Kron
- University of Chicago, Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, Chicago IL 60637, USA,Corresponding author: 929 E. 57th St. W522A, Chicago IL 60637, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Vann KR, Oviatt AA, Osheroff N. Topoisomerase II Poisons: Converting Essential Enzymes into Molecular Scissors. Biochemistry 2021; 60:1630-1641. [PMID: 34008964 PMCID: PMC8209676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.1c00240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The extensive length, compaction, and interwound nature of DNA, together with its controlled and restricted movement in eukaryotic cells, create a number of topological issues that profoundly affect all of the functions of the genetic material. Topoisomerases are essential enzymes that modulate the topological structure of the double helix, including the regulation of DNA under- and overwinding and the removal of tangles and knots from the genome. Type II topoisomerases alter DNA topology by generating a transient double-stranded break in one DNA segment and allowing another segment to pass through the DNA gate. These enzymes are involved in a number of critical nuclear processes in eukaryotic cells, such as DNA replication, transcription, and recombination, and are required for proper chromosome structure and segregation. However, because type II topoisomerases generate double-stranded breaks in the genetic material, they also are intrinsically dangerous enzymes that have the capacity to fragment the genome. As a result of this dualistic nature, type II topoisomerases are the targets for a number of widely prescribed anticancer drugs. This article will describe the structure and catalytic mechanism of eukaryotic type II topoisomerases and will go on to discuss the actions of topoisomerase II poisons, which are compounds that stabilize DNA breaks generated by the type II enzyme and convert these essential enzymes into "molecular scissors." Topoisomerase II poisons represent a broad range of structural classes and include anticancer drugs, dietary components, and environmental chemicals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendra R Vann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alexandria A Oviatt
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Neil Osheroff
- Departments of Biochemistry and Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Abstract
1,2-Naphthoquinone, a secondary metabolite of naphthalene, is an environmental pollutant found in diesel exhaust particles that displays cytotoxic and genotoxic properties. Because many quinones have been shown to act as topoisomerase II poisons, the effects of this compound on DNA cleavage mediated by human topoisomerase IIα and IIβ were examined. The compound increased the levels of double-stranded DNA breaks generated by both enzyme isoforms and did so better than a series of naphthoquinone derivatives. Furthermore, 1,2-naphthoquinone was a more efficacious poison against topoisomerase IIα than IIβ. Topoisomerase II poisons can be classified as interfacial (which interact noncovalently at the enzyme-DNA interface and increase DNA cleavage by blocking ligation) or covalent (which adduct the protein and increase DNA cleavage by closing the N-terminal gate of the enzyme). Therefore, experiments were performed to determine the mechanistic basis for the actions of 1,2-naphthoquinone. In contrast to results with etoposide (an interfacial poison), the activity of 1,2-naphthoquinone against topoisomerase IIα was abrogated in the presence of sulfhydryl and reducing agents. Moreover, the compound inhibited cleavage activity when incubated with the enzyme prior to the addition of DNA and induced virtually no cleavage with the catalytic core of the enzyme. It also induced stable covalent topoisomerase IIα-DNA cleavage complexes and was a partial inhibitor of DNA ligation. Findings were also consistent with 1,2-naphthoquinone acting as a covalent poison of topoisomerase IIβ; however, mechanistic studies with this isoform were less conclusive. Whereas the activity of 1,2-naphthoquinone was blocked in the presence of a sulfhydryl reagent, it was much less sensitive to the presence of a reducing agent. Furthermore, the reduced form of 1,2-naphthoquinone, 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene, displayed high activity against the β isoform. Taken together, results suggest that 1,2-naphthoquinone increases topoisomerase II-mediated double-stranded DNA scission (at least in part) by acting as a covalent poison of the human type II enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica A. Collins
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Neil Osheroff
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Espenti CS, Krishna Rao KSV, Ramesh P, Chandra Sekhar A, Madhusudana Rao K. Salacia mulbarica leaf extract mediated synthesis of silver nanoparticles for antibacterial and ct-DNA damage via releasing of reactive oxygen species. IET Nanobiotechnol 2020; 14:485-490. [PMID: 32755958 DOI: 10.1049/iet-nbt.2020.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this examination, we researched the advantages of DNA fragmentation and metallic nanoparticles well-appointed with biomolecules. A novel interpretation of DNA damage by Silver Nano-Clusters (AgNCs) which were developed by the utilization of green synthesis method was demonstrated. The green synthesis of AgNCs was accomplished by utilizing the leaf extract of Salacia mulbarica (SM). The preparation of SM-AgNCs was developed by estimating surface plasmon resonance peak around 449 nm by using a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The effect of phytochemicals in SM leaf extract on the development of stable SM-AgNCs was confirmed by FTIR spectroscopy. The size of the fabricated SM-AgNCs was estimated by dynamic light scattering and zeta-sizer analysis and the morphology of the SM-AgNCs was examined by transmission electron microscopy. The presence of clusters of Ag particles in the prepared SM-AgNCs was recognized by energy dispersion X-ray analysis. The results show that saponins, phytosterols, and phenolic compounds present in plant extract may play a great part in developing the SM-AgNCs in their specialized particles. The succeeded SM-AgNCs shows incredible anti-bacterial action towards Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis. In-light of the antibacterial study, these SM-AgNCs were analyzed with calf thymus-DNA and found significant damage to the strand of thymus-DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chandra Sekhar Espenti
- Department of Chemistry, Rajeev Gandhi Memorial College of Engineering and Technology, Kurnool, Nandyal, Andhra Pradesh 518501, India
| | - Kummari Subba Venkata Krishna Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Polymer Biomaterial Synthesis and Design Laboratory, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh 516003, India.
| | - Palakurthi Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh 516003, India
| | - Akila Chandra Sekhar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yogi Vemana University, Kadapa, Andhra Pradesh 516003, India
| | - Kummara Madhusudana Rao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, 280-Daehak-Ro, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Dalvie ED, Gopas J, Golan-Goldhirsh A, Osheroff N. 6,6'-Dihydroxythiobinupharidine as a poison of human type II topoisomerases. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1881-1885. [PMID: 31182315 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A number of natural products with medicinal properties increase DNA cleavage mediated by type II topoisomerases. In an effort to identify additional natural compounds that affect the activity of human type II topoisomerases, a blind screen of a library of 341 Mediterranean plant extracts was conducted. Extracts from Nuphar lutea, the yellow water lily, were identified in this screen. N. lutea has been used in traditional medicine by a variety of indigenous populations. The active compound in N. lutea, 6,6'-dihydroxythiobinupharidine, was found to enhance DNA cleavage mediated by human topoisomerase IIα and IIβ ∼8-fold and ∼3-fold, respectively. Mechanistic studies with topoisomerase IIα indicate that 6,6'-dihydroxythiobinupharidine is a "covalent poison" that acts by adducting the enzyme outside of the DNA cleavage-ligation active site and requires the N-terminal domain of the protein for its activity. Results suggest that some of the medicinal properties of N. lutea may result from the interactions between 6,6'-dihydroxythiobinupharidine and the human type II enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Esha D Dalvie
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA
| | - Jacob Gopas
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel; Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Avi Golan-Goldhirsh
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Sede Boqer Campus, Beer Sheva 84990, Israel
| | - Neil Osheroff
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-0146, USA; Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232-6307, USA; VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu Y, Hassan M, Kutsanedzie F, Li H, Chen Q. Evaluation of extra-virgin olive oil adulteration using FTIR spectroscopy combined with multivariate algorithms. QUALITY ASSURANCE AND SAFETY OF CROPS & FOODS 2018. [DOI: 10.3920/qas2018.1330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Xu
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China P.R
| | - M.M. Hassan
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China P.R
| | - F.Y.H. Kutsanedzie
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China P.R
| | - H.H. Li
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China P.R
| | - Q.S. Chen
- School of Food & Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China P.R
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hu W, Huang XS, Wu JF, Yang L, Zheng YT, Shen YM, Li ZY, Li X. Discovery of Novel Topoisomerase II Inhibitors by Medicinal Chemistry Approaches. J Med Chem 2018; 61:8947-8980. [PMID: 29870668 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 27 South Shanda Road, 250100 Ji’nan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Sheng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Science and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Ji-Feng Wu
- Institute of Criminal Science and Technology, Ji’nan Public Security Bureau, 21 South QiliShan Road, 250000 Ji’nan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Liang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012, Ji’nan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Tang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Disease Mechanisms of the Chinese Academy of Science and Yunnan Province, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan 650223, China
| | - Yue-Mao Shen
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012, Ji’nan, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Yu Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Philadelphia College of Pharmacy, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Xun Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Culture Road, 250012, Ji’nan, Shandong, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bellumori M, Cecchi L, Romani A, Mulinacci N, Innocenti M. Recovery and stability over time of phenolic fractions by an industrial filtration system of olive mill wastewaters: a three-year study. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:2761-2769. [PMID: 29105769 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The recovery of phenolic compounds from olive milling is recognized as strategic for producers. The aim of this work was to evaluate the quality and stability of retentates obtained from olive mill wastewaters treated with a membrane filtration system constituted by a micro-, ultra- and nanofiltration, followed by a final reverse osmosis, over three crop seasons. Efficiency was evaluated in terms of phenolic amount in the retentates and of organic load in the final discarded waters. Phenolic compounds were quantified using tyrosol as external standard. RESULTS Our study highlighted a reproducibility of the process over years and a low organic load in permeates from reverse osmosis. Hydroxytyrosol was very stable in the liquid products at 18-28 °C over 24 months of storage. The retentates from reverse osmosis showed the highest phenolic content (78.6 mg g-1 dry matter in 2015), associated with a potassium content of 22 g kg-1 . CONCLUSIONS The liquid concentrated retentates showed an unexpected stability over time of their bioactive phenolic compounds, particularly of hydroxytyrosol. These samples recovered from olive mill wastewaters can be good sources of natural antioxidants and potassium to guarantee the correct intake and to formulate new food ingredients or food products. © 2017 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Bellumori
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Cecchi
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Annalisa Romani
- Department of Statistics, Informatics and Applications, 'G Parenti', University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Nadia Mulinacci
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Marzia Innocenti
- Department of Neuroscience, Psychology, Drug and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sherif IO, Al-Gayyar MMH. Oleuropein potentiates anti-tumor activity of cisplatin against HepG2 through affecting proNGF/NGF balance. Life Sci 2018; 198:87-93. [PMID: 29476769 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.02.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Oleuropein is considered as a new chemotherapeutic agent in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) while, its exact underlying molecular mechanism still not yet explored. In addition, cisplatin is a standard anticancer drug against solid tumors with toxic side effects. Therefore, we conducted this study to assess antitumor activity of oleuropein either alone or in combination with cisplatin against HepG2, human HCC cell lines, via targeting pro-NGF/NGF signaling pathway. MAIN METHODS HepG2 cells were treated with cisplatin (20, 50, 100 μM) and oleuropein (100, 200, 300 and 400 μM) as well as some of the cells were treated with 50 μM cisplatin and different concentrations of oleuropein. Gene expressions of nerve growth factor (NGF), matrix metalloproteinase-7 (MMP-7) and caspase-3 were evaluated by real time-PCR. In addition, protein levels of NGF and pro-form of NGF (pro-NGF) were measured by ELISA while, nitric oxide (NO) content was determined colorimetrically. KEY FINDINGS Cisplatin treatment showed a significant elevation of NO content and pro-NGF protein level with a marked reduction of NGF protein level in addition to the upregulation of caspase-3 along with downregulation of MMP-7 gene expressions in a dose-dependent manner. However, the combination of 50 μM cisplatin and 200 μM oleuropein showed the most potent effect on the molecular level when compared with oleuropein or cisplatin alone. SIGNIFICANCE Our results showed for the first time that the anti-tumor activity of oleuropein against HCC could be attributed to influencing the pro-NGF/NGF balance via affecting MMP-7 activity without affecting the gene expression of NGF. Concurrent treatment with both oleuropein and cisplatin could lead to more effective chemotherapeutic combination against HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iman O Sherif
- Emergency Hospital, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M H Al-Gayyar
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Tabuk, Tabuk 71491, Saudi Arabia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Capo CR, Pedersen JZ, Falconi M, Rossi L. Oleuropein shows copper complexing properties and noxious effect on cultured SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells depending on cell copper content. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 44:225-232. [PMID: 28965580 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The secoiridoid oleuropein is a non-flavonoid polyphenol, found in the fruit, leaves and food derivatives from Olea europea. Like other polyphenols it shows a very low toxicity towards healthy tissues and a protective action against cancer or neurodegeneration, but its mechanism of action is not yet understood. In the present report we have used optical and ESR spectroscopy as well as molecular modelling to demonstrate that oleuropein forms a complex with the transition metal copper; the dysmetabolism of this metal is suspected to be involved in both cancer and neurodegeneration. Experiments carried out with the aglycon derivative of oleuropein, produced by β-glycosidase treatment of oleuropein glycoside, showed that also the aglycon forms copper-complexes, but with different spectroscopic features than the glycosidic form. Molecular modelling analysis confirmed that two oleuropein molecules (glycosidic or aglycon forms) can easily coordinate one copper ion. The relationship between oleuropein and copper was investigated in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. When cells were depleted of copper by treatment with the copper chelator triethylenetetramine (Trien), that binds copper with higher affinity than oleuropein, oleuropein was less toxic than to copper-adequate cells. Conversely, incubation of SH-SY5Y cells with exogenous copper sulphate increased cell susceptibility to oleuropein. Furthermore SH-SY5Y cells differentiated by retinoic acid pre-treatment showed a lower level of copper, and were more resistant to oleuropein treatment. The oleuropein aglycon was not toxic towards SH-SY5Y cells. In conclusion, the copper-oleuropein complex may be involved in the toxicity of oleuropein towards tumour cells, depending on their copper level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Concetta R Capo
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jens Z Pedersen
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Falconi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Luisa Rossi
- Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario "Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi" (INBB), Rome, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang YR, Chen SF, Wu CC, Liao YW, Lin TS, Liu KT, Chen YS, Li TK, Chien TC, Chan NL. Producing irreversible topoisomerase II-mediated DNA breaks by site-specific Pt(II)-methionine coordination chemistry. Nucleic Acids Res 2017; 45:10861-10871. [PMID: 28977631 PMCID: PMC5737487 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Human type II topoisomerase (Top2) isoforms, hTop2α and hTop2β, are targeted by some of the most successful anticancer drugs. These drugs induce Top2-mediated DNA cleavage to trigger cell-death pathways. The potency of these drugs correlates positively with their efficacy in stabilizing the enzyme-mediated DNA breaks. Structural analysis of hTop2α and hTop2β revealed the presence of methionine residues in the drug-binding pocket, we therefore tested whether a tighter Top2-drug association may be accomplished by introducing a methionine-reactive Pt2+ into a drug to further stabilize the DNA break. Herein, we synthesized an organoplatinum compound, etoplatin-N2β, by replacing the methionine-juxtaposing group of the drug etoposide with a cis-dichlorodiammineplatinum(II) moiety. Compared to etoposide, etoplatin-N2β more potently inhibits both human Top2s. While the DNA breaks arrested by etoposide can be rejoined, those captured by etoplatin-N2β are practically irreversible. Crystallographic analyses of hTop2β complexed with DNA and etoplatin-N2β demonstrate coordinate bond formation between Pt2+ and a flanking methionine. Notably, this stable coordinate tether can be loosened by disrupting the structural integrity of drug-binding pocket, suggesting that Pt2+ coordination chemistry may allow for the development of potent inhibitors with protein conformation-dependent reversibility. This approach may be exploited to achieve isoform-specific targeting of human Top2s.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ren Wang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Fu Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Chyuan-Chuan Wu
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Liao
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Te-Sheng Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Ko-Ting Liu
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Song Chen
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Kun Li
- Department and Graduate Institute of Microbiology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.,Center for Biotechnology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Tun-Cheng Chien
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 116, Taiwan
| | - Nei-Li Chan
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 100, Taiwan.,Institute of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Drouza C, Dieronitou A, Hadjiadamou I, Stylianou M. Investigation of Phenols Activity in Early Stage Oxidation of Edible Oils by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and 19F NMR Spectroscopies Using Novel Lipid Vanadium Complexes As Radical Initiators. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:4942-4951. [PMID: 28582612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b01144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A novel dynamic method for the investigation of the phenols activity in early stage oxidation of edible oils based on the formation of α-tocopheryl radicals initiated by oil-soluble vanadium complexes is developed. Two new vanadium complexes in oxidation states V and IV were synthesized by reacting 2,2'-((2-hydroxyoctadecyl)azanediyl)bis(ethan-1-ol) (C18DEA) with [VO(acac)2] and 1-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)octadecan-2-ol (C18DPA) with VOCl2. Addition of a solution of either complex in edible oils resulted in the formation of α-tocopheryl radical, which was monitored by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. The intensity of the α-tocopheryl signal in the EPR spectra was measured versus time. It was found that the profile of the intensity of the α-tocopheryl signal versus time depends on the type of oil, the phenolic content, and the storage time of the oil. The time interval until the occurrence of maximum peak intensity be reached (tm), the height of the maximum intensity, and the rate of the quenching of the α-tocopheryl radical were used for the investigation of the mechanism of the edible oils oxidation. 19F NMR of the 19F labeled phenolic compounds (through trifluoroacetate esters) and radical trap experiments showed that the vanadium complexes in edible oil activate the one electron reduction of dioxygen to superperoxide radical. Superperoxide reacts with the lipids to form alkoperoxyl and alkoxyl lipid radicals, and all these radicals react with the phenols contained in oils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chryssoula Drouza
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology, and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology , Limassol 3036, Cyprus
| | - Anthi Dieronitou
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology, and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology , Limassol 3036, Cyprus
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cyprus , Nicosia 1678, Cyprus
| | | | - Marios Stylianou
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology, and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology , Limassol 3036, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Infante Lara L, Sledge A, Laradji A, Okoro CO, Osheroff N. Novel trifluoromethylated 9-amino-3,4-dihydroacridin-1(2H)-ones act as covalent poisons of human topoisomerase IIα. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 27:586-589. [PMID: 27998679 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A number of topoisomerase II-targeted anticancer drugs, including amsacrine, utilize an acridine or related aromatic core as a scaffold. Therefore, to further explore the potential of acridine-related compounds to act as topoisomerase II poisons, we synthesized a series of novel trifluoromethylated 9-amino-3,4-dihydroacridin-1(2H)-one derivatives and examined their ability to enhance DNA cleavage mediated by human topoisomerase IIα. Derivatives containing a H, Cl, F, and Br at C7 enhanced enzyme-mediated double-stranded DNA cleavage ∼5.5- to 8.5-fold over baseline, but were less potent than amsacrine. The inclusion of an amino group at C9 was critical for activity. The compounds lost their activity against topoisomerase IIα in the presence of a reducing agent, displayed no activity against the catalytic core of topoisomerase IIα, and inhibited DNA cleavage when incubated with the enzyme prior to the addition of DNA. These findings strongly suggest that the compounds act as covalent, rather than interfacial, topoisomerase II poisons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Infante Lara
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Alexis Sledge
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209-1561, USA
| | - Amine Laradji
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209-1561, USA
| | - Cosmas O Okoro
- Department of Chemistry, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209-1561, USA.
| | - Neil Osheroff
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Boss A, Bishop KS, Marlow G, Barnett MPG, Ferguson LR. Evidence to Support the Anti-Cancer Effect of Olive Leaf Extract and Future Directions. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8080513. [PMID: 27548217 PMCID: PMC4997426 DOI: 10.3390/nu8080513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The traditional Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with long life and lower prevalence of cardiovascular disease and cancers. The main components of this diet include high intake of fruit, vegetables, red wine, extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) and fish, low intake of dairy and red meat. Olive oil has gained support as a key effector of health benefits and there is evidence that this relates to the polyphenol content. Olive leaf extract (OLE) contains a higher quantity and variety of polyphenols than those found in EVOO. There are also important structural differences between polyphenols from olive leaf and those from olive fruit that may improve the capacity of OLE to enhance health outcomes. Olive polyphenols have been claimed to play an important protective role in cancer and other inflammation-related diseases. Both inflammatory and cancer cell models have shown that olive leaf polyphenols are anti-inflammatory and protect against DNA damage initiated by free radicals. The various bioactive properties of olive leaf polyphenols are a plausible explanation for the inhibition of progression and development of cancers. The pathways and signaling cascades manipulated include the NF-κB inflammatory response and the oxidative stress response, but the effects of these bioactive components may also result from their action as a phytoestrogen. Due to the similar structure of the olive polyphenols to oestrogens, these have been hypothesized to interact with oestrogen receptors, thereby reducing the prevalence and progression of hormone related cancers. Evidence for the protective effect of olive polyphenols for cancer in humans remains anecdotal and clinical trials are required to substantiate these claims idea. This review aims to amalgamate the current literature regarding bioavailability and mechanisms involved in the potential anti-cancer action of olive leaf polyphenols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Boss
- Discipline of Nutrition, FM & HS, University of Auckland Medical School, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Karen S Bishop
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, FM & HS, University of Auckland Medical School, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Gareth Marlow
- Discipline of Nutrition, FM & HS, University of Auckland Medical School, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Matthew P G Barnett
- Food Nutrition & Health Team, Food & Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch Limited, Grasslands Research Centre, Tennent Drive, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Lynnette R Ferguson
- Discipline of Nutrition, FM & HS, University of Auckland Medical School, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, FM & HS, University of Auckland Medical School, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Frédérich M, Pirotte B, Fillet M, de Tullio P. Metabolomics as a Challenging Approach for Medicinal Chemistry and Personalized Medicine. J Med Chem 2016; 59:8649-8666. [PMID: 27295417 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b01335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
"Omics" sciences have been developed to provide a holistic point of view of biology and to better understand the complexity of an organism as a whole. These systems biology approaches can be examined at different levels, starting from the most fundamental, i.e., the genome, and finishing with the most functional, i.e., the metabolome. Similar to how genomics is applied to the exploration of DNA, metabolomics is the qualitative and quantitative study of metabolites. This emerging field is clearly linked to genomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. In addition, metabolomics provides a unique and direct vision of the functional outcome of an organism's activities that are required for it to survive, grow, and respond to internal and external stimuli or stress, e.g., pathologies and drugs. The links between metabolic changes, patient phenotype, physiological and/or pathological status, and treatment are now well established and have opened a new area for the application of metabolomics in the drug discovery process and in personalized medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michel Frédérich
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege , Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Bernard Pirotte
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege , Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Marianne Fillet
- Laboratory for the Analysis of Medicines, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege , Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Pascal de Tullio
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Center for Interdisciplinary Research on Medicines (CIRM), University of Liege , Quartier Hôpital, Avenue Hippocrate 15, B-4000 Liege, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Vann KR, Ekiz G, Zencir S, Bedir E, Topcu Z, Osheroff N. Effects of Secondary Metabolites from the Fungus Septofusidium berolinense on DNA Cleavage Mediated by Human Topoisomerase IIα. Chem Res Toxicol 2016; 29:415-20. [PMID: 26894873 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.6b00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Two metabolites from the ascomycete fungus Septofusidium berolinense were recently identified as having antineoplastic activity [Ekiz et al. (2015) J. Antibiot. , DOI: 10.1038/ja.2015.84]. However, the basis for this activity is not known. One of the compounds [3,6-dihydroxy-2-propylbenzaldehyde (GE-1)] is a hydroquinone, and the other [2-hydroxymethyl-3-propylcyclohexa-2,5-diene-1,4-dione (GE-2)] is a quinone. Because some hydroquinones and quinones act as topoisomerase II poisons, the effects of GE-1 and GE-2 on DNA cleavage mediated by human topoisomerase IIα were assessed. GE-2 enhanced DNA cleavage ∼4-fold and induced scission with a site specificity similar to that of the anticancer drug etoposide. Similar to other quinone-based topoisomerase II poisons, GE-2 displayed several hallmark characteristics of covalent topoisomerase II poisons, including (1) the inability to poison a topoisomerase IIα construct that lacks the N-terminal domain, (2) the inhibition of DNA cleavage when the compound was incubated with the enzyme prior to the addition of plasmid, and (3) the loss of poisoning activity in the presence of a reducing agent. In contrast to GE-2, GE-1 did not enhance DNA cleavage mediated by topoisomerase IIα except at very high concentrations. However, the activity and potency of the metabolite were dramatically enhanced under oxidizing conditions. These results suggest that topoisomerase IIα may play a role in mediating the cytotoxic effects of these fungal metabolites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sevil Zencir
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University , 20070 Denizli, Turkey
| | | | | | - Neil Osheroff
- VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System , Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Vann KR, Ergün Y, Zencir S, Oncuoglu S, Osheroff N, Topcu Z. Inhibition of human DNA topoisomerase IIα by two novel ellipticine derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:1809-12. [PMID: 26906637 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Ellipticine (5,11-dimethyl-6H-pyrido[4,3-b]carbazole) is an antineoplastic agent that intercalates into DNA and alters topoisomerase II activity. Unfortunately, this compound displays a number of adverse properties. Therefore, to investigate new ellipticine-based compounds for their potential as topoisomerase II-targeted drugs, we synthesized two novel derivatives, N-methyl-5-demethyl ellipticine (ET-1) and 2-methyl-N-methyl-5-demethyl ellipticinium iodide (ET-2). As determined by DNA decatenation and cleavage assays, ET-1 and ET-2 act as catalytic inhibitors of human topoisomerase IIα and are both more potent than the parent compound. Neither compound impairs the ability of the type II enzyme to bind its DNA substrate. Finally, the potency of ET-1 and ET-2 as catalytic inhibitors of topoisomerase IIα appears to be related to their ability to intercalate into the double helix.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kendra R Vann
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Yavuz Ergün
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylul University, 35160 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sevil Zencir
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Pamukkale University, 20070 Denizli, Turkey
| | - Serkan Oncuoglu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Dokuz Eylul University, 35160 Izmir, Turkey
| | - Neil Osheroff
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Department of Medicine (Hematology/Oncology), Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; VA Tennessee Valley Healthcare System, Nashville, TN 37212, USA.
| | - Zeki Topcu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, 35100 Izmir, Turkey.
| |
Collapse
|