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He Q, Qu M, Bao H, Xu Y, Shen T, Tan D, Barkat MQ, Xu C, Zeng LH, Wu X. Multiple post-translational modifications ensure EGFR functionality: Potential therapeutic targets to overcome its drug-resistance mutations. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 70:41-53. [PMID: 36934069 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation is the most common driver mutation in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The first-line therapy for advanced NSCLC patients with EGFR-sensitive mutation is the EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI). However, most NSCLC patients with EGFR mutation will develop resistant mutations in EGFR-TKI therapy. With further studies, resistance mechanisms represented by EGFR-T790M mutations have revealed the impact of EGFR mutations in situ on EGFR-TKIs sensitivity. The third-generation EGFR-TKIs inhibit both EGFR-sensitive mutations and T790M mutations. The emergence of novel mutations such as EGFR-C797S and EGFR-L718Q may decrease efficacy. Searching for new targets to overcome EGFR-TKI resistance becomes a key challenge. Therefore, an in-depth understanding of the regulatory mechanisms of EGFR is essential to find novel targets to overcome drug-resistant mutations in EGFR-TKIs. EGFR, as a receptor-type tyrosine kinase, undergoes homo/heterodimerization and autophosphorylation upon binding to ligands, which activates multiple downstream signaling pathways. Interestingly, there is growing evidence that the kinase activity of EGFR is affected not only by phosphorylation but also by various post-translational modifications (PTMs, such as S-palmitoylation, S-nitrosylation, Methylation, etc.). In this review, we systematically review the effects of different protein PTMs on EGFR kinase activity and its functionality and suggest that influencing EGFR kinase activity by modulating multiple EGFR sites are potential targets to overcome EGFR-TKIs resistance mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang He
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Meiyu Qu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China; Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China
| | - Hangyang Bao
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yana Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingyu Shen
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Muhammad Qasim Barkat
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chengyun Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ling-Hui Zeng
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University City College, Hangzhou 310015, China.
| | - Ximei Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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2
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Vidal S, Bouzaher YH, El Motiam A, Seoane R, Rivas C. Overview of the regulation of the class IA PI3K/AKT pathway by SUMO. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2022; 132:51-61. [PMID: 34753687 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/AKT pathway is a major regulator of metabolism, migration, survival, proliferation, and antiviral immunity. Both an overactivation and an inhibition of the PI3K/AKT pathway are related to different pathologies. Activation of this signaling pathway is tightly controlled through a multistep process and its deregulation can be associated with aberrant post-translational modifications including SUMOylation. Here, we review the complex modulation of the PI3K/AKT pathway by SUMOylation and we discuss its putative incvolvement in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Vidal
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Yanis Hichem Bouzaher
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ahmed El Motiam
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Sinai Health Systems, Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, and Department of Lab Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada
| | - Rocío Seoane
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Carmen Rivas
- Centro de Investigación en Medicina Molecular y Enfermedades Crónicas (CIMUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias (IDIS), 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
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3
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Zheng HC, Jiang HM. Shuttling of cellular proteins between the plasma membrane and nucleus (Review). Mol Med Rep 2021; 25:14. [PMID: 34779504 PMCID: PMC8600410 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2021.12530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently accumulated evidence has indicated that the nucleomembrane shuttling of cellular proteins is common, which provides new insight into the subcellular translocation and biological functions of proteins synthesized in the cytoplasm. The present study aimed to clarify the trafficking of proteins between the plasma membrane and nucleus. These proteins primarily consist of transmembrane receptors, membrane adaptor proteins, adhesive proteins, signal proteins and nuclear proteins, which contribute to proliferation, apoptosis, chemoresistance, adhesion, migration and gene expression. The proteins frequently undergo cross-talk, such as the interaction of transmembrane proteins with signal proteins. The transmembrane proteins undergo endocytosis, infusion into organelles or proteolysis into soluble forms for import into the nucleus, while nuclear proteins interact with membrane proteins or act as receptors. The nucleocytosolic translocation involves export or import through nuclear membrane pores by importin or exportin. Nuclear proteins generally interact with other transcription factors, and then binding to the promoter for gene expression, while membrane proteins are responsible for signal initiation by binding to other membrane and/or adaptor proteins. Protein translocation occurs in a cell-specific manner and is closely linked to cellular biological events. The present review aimed to improve understanding of cytosolic protein shuttling between the plasma membrane and nucleus and the associated signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua-Chuan Zheng
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei 067000, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Mao Jiang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning 121001, P.R. China
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Prognostic Worth of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) in Patients with Head and Neck Tumors. J Cancer Epidemiol 2020; 2020:5615303. [PMID: 33273921 PMCID: PMC7683104 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5615303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Head and neck tumors (HNT) are tumors that normally occur at the head and neck region of the body. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) has been found to be highly expressed in breast and other tumors; therefore, there is the need to investigate the level of EGFR expression among patients with head and neck tumors in Ghana. Method The level of EGFR expression was determined in head and neck tumor and control head and neck tissues with quantitative real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis. Results The level of EGFR expressions was high in tumor tissues than in the control tissues. There was a significant difference of p value 0.025 among the ages >40 and ≤ 40 when the high and low level of EGFR was compared in the head and neck malignant tumor. The area under the curve for the high expression of EGFR among the malignant head and neck tumors was 0.901 with a specificity of 86.4%. Conclusion EGFR can serve as a prognostic marker in monitoring patients with HNT as well as a molecular therapeutic target.
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Bi HL, Zhang XL, Zhang YL, Xie X, Xia YL, Du J, Li HH. The deubiquitinase UCHL1 regulates cardiac hypertrophy by stabilizing epidermal growth factor receptor. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eaax4826. [PMID: 32494592 PMCID: PMC7164950 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.aax4826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy leads to heart failure (HF). The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) plays a key role in maintaining protein homeostasis and cardiac function. However, research on the role of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) in cardiac function is limited. Here, we observed that the deubiquitinase ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase 1 (UCHL1) was significantly up-regulated in agonist-stimulated primary cardiomyocytes and in hypertrophic and failing hearts. Knockdown of UCHL1 in cardiomyocytes and mouse hearts significantly ameliorated cardiac hypertrophy induced by agonist or pressure overload. Conversely, overexpression of UCHL1 had the opposite effect in cardiomyocytes and rAAV9-UCHL1-treated mice. Mechanistically, UCHL1 bound, deubiquitinated, and stabilized epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and activated its downstream mediators. Systemic administration of the UCHL1 inhibitor LDN-57444 significantly reversed cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. These findings suggest that UCHL1 positively regulates cardiac hypertrophy by stabilizing EGFR and identify UCHL1 as a target for hypertrophic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Lian Bi
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 11600, China
| | - Xiao-Li Zhang
- Department of Medical Technology, Beijing Health Vocational College, Beijing 101101, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 11600, China
| | - Xin Xie
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 11600, China
| | - Yun-Long Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 11600, China
| | - Jie Du
- Beijing AnZhen Hospital the Key Laboratory of Remodeling-Related Cardiovascular Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hui-Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 11600, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
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Sumonja N, Gemovic B, Veljkovic N, Perovic V. Automated feature engineering improves prediction of protein-protein interactions. Amino Acids 2019; 51:1187-1200. [PMID: 31278492 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-019-02756-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, various machine learning (ML) and statistical approaches for protein-protein interaction (PPI) predictions have been developed to help annotating functional interactions among proteins, essential for our system-level understanding of life. Efficient ML approaches require informative and non-redundant features. In this paper, we introduce novel types of expert-crafted sequence, evolutionary and graph features and apply automatic feature engineering to further expand feature space to improve predictive modeling. The two-step automatic feature-engineering process encompasses the hybrid method for feature generation and unsupervised feature selection, followed by supervised feature selection through a genetic algorithm (GA). The optimization of both steps allows the feature-engineering procedure to operate on a large transformed feature space with no considerable computational cost and to efficiently provide newly engineered features. Based on GA and correlation filtering, we developed a stacking algorithm GA-STACK for automatic ensembling of different ML algorithms to improve prediction performance. We introduced a unified method, HP-GAS, for the prediction of human PPIs, which incorporates GA-STACK and rests on both expert-crafted and 40% of newly engineered features. The extensive cross validation and comparison with the state-of-the-art methods showed that HP-GAS represents currently the most efficient method for proteome-wide forecasting of protein interactions, with prediction efficacy of 0.93 AUC and 0.85 accuracy. We implemented the HP-GAS method as a free standalone application which is a time-efficient and easy-to-use tool. HP-GAS software with supplementary data can be downloaded from: http://www.vinca.rs/180/tools/HP-GAS.php .
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Affiliation(s)
- Neven Sumonja
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics and Computational Chemistry, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, Vinca, Belgrade, 11351, Serbia
| | - Branislava Gemovic
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics and Computational Chemistry, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, Vinca, Belgrade, 11351, Serbia
| | - Nevena Veljkovic
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics and Computational Chemistry, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, Vinca, Belgrade, 11351, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Perovic
- Laboratory for Bioinformatics and Computational Chemistry, Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, University of Belgrade, Mike Petrovica Alasa 12-14, Vinca, Belgrade, 11351, Serbia.
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Gazzeri S. [Nuclear EGFR: a new mode of oncogenic signalling in cancer]. Biol Aujourdhui 2018; 212:27-33. [PMID: 30362453 DOI: 10.1051/jbio/2018016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) is one of the most studied molecules in biology. From its early identification and cloning to the discovery of its role in cancer, it has been at the forefront of our understanding of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (RTK) and cell signals that induce homeostasis, but when overexpressed, facilitate tumorigenesis. While the biological functions of EGFR traditionally involve the activation of a signaling network from the plasma membrane that includes activation of the RAS/MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT and STATS pathways, a new mode of EGFR signaling has been progressively decoded in which membrane-associated EGFR is transported after endocytosis from cell surface to the nucleus through endocytosis, retrograde trafficking to the Golgi, the endoplasmic reticulum and the inner nuclear membrane through a series of proteic interactions. In the nucleus, EGFR acts as a transcriptional regulator, a kinase and a physical interactor, transmits signals and is involved in multiple biological functions, including cell proliferation, tumor progression, DNA repair and replication, and resistance to cancer therapies. In this review, we will summarize current knowledge of the EGFR nuclear signaling network, including how it is delivered to the nucleus, the functions it serves in the nucleus and how these functions affect cancer progression, survival and the response to treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie Gazzeri
- « Epigénétique, maladies chroniques et cancer », INSERM U1209, CNRS UMR 5309, Université Grenoble Alpes, Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (IAB), Allée des Alpes, 38700 La Tronche Cedex 09, France
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8
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Knittle AM, Helkkula M, Johnson MS, Sundvall M, Elenius K. SUMOylation regulates nuclear accumulation and signaling activity of the soluble intracellular domain of the ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinase. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:19890-19904. [PMID: 28974580 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.794271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Erb-B2 receptor tyrosine kinase 4 (ErbB4) is a kinase that can signal via a proteolytically released intracellular domain (ICD) in addition to classical receptor tyrosine kinase-activated signaling cascades. Previously, we have demonstrated that ErbB4 ICD is posttranslationally modified by the small ubiquitin-like modifier (SUMO) and functionally interacts with the PIAS3 SUMO E3 ligase. However, direct evidence of SUMO modification in ErbB4 signaling has remained elusive. Here, we report that the conserved lysine residue 714 in the ErbB4 ICD undergoes SUMO modification, which was reversed by sentrin-specific proteases (SENPs) 1, 2, and 5. Although ErbB4 kinase activity was not necessary for the SUMOylation, the SUMOylated ErbB4 ICD was tyrosine phosphorylated to a higher extent than unmodified ErbB4 ICD. Mutation of the SUMOylation site compromised neither ErbB4-induced phosphorylation of the canonical signaling pathway effectors Erk1/2, Akt, or STAT5 nor ErbB4 stability. In contrast, SUMOylation was required for nuclear accumulation of the ErbB4 ICD. We also found that Lys-714 was located within a leucine-rich stretch, which resembles a nuclear export signal, and could be inactivated by site-directed mutagenesis. Furthermore, SUMOylation modulated the interaction of ErbB4 with chromosomal region maintenance 1 (CRM1), the major nuclear export receptor for proteins. Finally, the SUMO acceptor lysine was functionally required for ErbB4 ICD-mediated inhibition of mammary epithelial cell differentiation in a three-dimensional cell culture model. Our findings indicate that a SUMOylation-mediated mechanism regulates nuclear localization and function of the ICD of ErbB4 receptor tyrosine kinase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Knittle
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, and MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland.,Turku Doctoral Programmes of Biomedical Sciences and Molecular Medicine, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Maria Helkkula
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, and MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland
| | - Mark S Johnson
- Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Turku, Finland, and
| | - Maria Sundvall
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, and MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland, .,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Klaus Elenius
- From the Department of Medical Biochemistry and Genetics, and MediCity Research Laboratory, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland, .,Department of Oncology and Radiotherapy, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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A simple toolset to identify endogenous post-translational modifications for a target protein: a snapshot of the EGFR signaling pathway. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20170919. [PMID: 28724604 PMCID: PMC6192658 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20170919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Identification of a novel post-translational modification (PTM) for a target protein, defining its physiologic role, and studying its potential crosstalk with other PTMs is a challenging process. A set of highly sensitive tools termed Signal-Seeker kits was developed, which enables rapid and simple detection of post-translational modifications on any target protein. The methodology for these tools utilizes affinity purification of modified proteins from a cell or tissue lysate and immunoblot analysis. These tools utilize a single lysis system that is effective at identifying endogenous, dynamic PTM changes, as well as the potential crosstalk between PTMs. As a proof-of-concept experiment, the acetylation, tyrosine phosphorylation, SUMOylation 2/3, and ubiquitination profiles of the EGFR - Ras - c-Fos axis were examined in response to EGF stimulation. All 10 previously identified PTMs of this signaling axis were confirmed using these tools, and it also identified acetylation as a novel modification of c-Fos. This axis in the EGF/EGFR signaling pathway was chosen because it is a well-established signaling pathway with proteins localized in the membrane, cytoplasmic, and nuclear compartments that ranged in abundance from 4.18x108 (EGFR) to 1.35x104 (c-Fos) molecules per A431 cell. These tools enabled the identification of low abundance PTMs, such as c-Fos Ac, at 17 molecules per cell. These studies highlight how pervasive PTMs are, and how stimulants like EGF induce multiple PTM changes on downstream signaling axis. Identification of endogenous changes and potential crosstalk between multiple PTMs for a target protein or signaling axis will provide regulatory mechanistic insight to investigators.
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