1
|
Stewart JM, Li S, Tang AA, Klocke MA, Gobry MV, Fabrini G, Di Michele L, Rothemund PWK, Franco E. Modular RNA motifs for orthogonal phase separated compartments. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6244. [PMID: 39080253 PMCID: PMC11289419 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50003-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent discoveries in biology have highlighted the importance of protein and RNA-based condensates as an alternative to classical membrane-bound organelles. Here, we demonstrate the design of pure RNA condensates from nanostructured, star-shaped RNA motifs. We generate condensates using two different RNA nanostar architectures: multi-stranded nanostars whose binding interactions are programmed via linear overhangs, and single-stranded nanostars whose interactions are programmed via kissing loops. Through systematic sequence design, we demonstrate that both architectures can produce orthogonal (distinct and immiscible) condensates, which can be individually tracked via fluorogenic aptamers. We also show that aptamers make it possible to recruit peptides and proteins to the condensates with high specificity. Successful co-transcriptional formation of condensates from single-stranded nanostars suggests that they may be genetically encoded and produced in living cells. We provide a library of orthogonal RNA condensates that can be modularly customized and offer a route toward creating systems of functional artificial organelles for the task of compartmentalizing molecules and biochemical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jaimie Marie Stewart
- Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA
| | - Shiyi Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Anli A Tang
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Melissa Ann Klocke
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Martin Vincent Gobry
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Giacomo Fabrini
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
- fabriCELL, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Lorenzo Di Michele
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
- fabriCELL, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Paul W K Rothemund
- Department of Computing and Mathematical Sciences, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA.
- Department of Computation & Neural Systems, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, USA.
| | - Elisa Franco
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ma Y, Li S, Lin X, Chen Y. Bioinspired Spatiotemporal Management toward RNA Therapies. ACS NANO 2023; 17:24539-24563. [PMID: 38091941 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Ribonucleic acid (RNA)-based therapies have become an attractive topic in disease intervention, especially with some that have been approved by the FDA such as the mRNA COVID-19 vaccine (Comirnaty, Pfizer-BioNTech, and Spikevax, Moderna) and Patisiran (siRNA-based drug for liver delivery). However, extensive applications are still facing challenges in delivering highly negatively charged RNA to the targeted site. Therapeutic delivery strategies including RNA modifications, RNA conjugates, and RNA polyplexes and delivery platforms such as viral vectors, nanoparticle-based delivery platforms, and hydrogel-based delivery platforms as potential nucleic acid-releasing depots have been developed to enhance their cellular uptake and protect nucleic acid from being degraded by immune systems. Here, we review the growing number of viral vectors, nanoparticles, and hydrogel-based RNA delivery systems; describe RNA loading/release mechanism induced by environmental stimulations including light, heat, pH, or enzyme; discuss their physical or chemical interactions; and summarize the RNA therapeutics release period (temporal) and their target cells/organs (spatial). Finally, we describe current concerns, highlight current challenges and future perspectives of RNA-based delivery systems, and provide some possible research areas that provide opportunities for clinical translation of RNA delivery carriers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutian Ma
- Division of Pharmacoengineering and Molecular Pharmaceutics, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Shiyao Li
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27705, United States
| | - Yupeng Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Scognamiglio PL, Vicidomini C, Roviello GN. Dancing with Nucleobases: Unveiling the Self-Assembly Properties of DNA and RNA Base-Containing Molecules for Gel Formation. Gels 2023; 10:16. [PMID: 38247739 PMCID: PMC10815473 DOI: 10.3390/gels10010016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Nucleobase-containing molecules are compounds essential in biology due to the fundamental role of nucleic acids and, in particular, G-quadruplex DNA and RNA in life. Moreover, some molecules different from nucleic acids isolated from different vegetal sources or microorganisms show nucleobase moieties in their structure. Nucleoamino acids and peptidyl nucleosides belong to this molecular class. Closely related to the above, nucleopeptides, also known as nucleobase-bearing peptides, are chimeric derivatives of synthetic origin and more rarely isolated from plants. Herein, the self-assembly properties of a vast number of structures, belonging to the nucleic acid and nucleoamino acid/nucleopeptide family, are explored in light of the recent scientific literature. Moreover, several technologically relevant properties, such as the hydrogelation ability of some of the nucleobase-containing derivatives, are reviewed in order to make way for future experimental investigations of newly devised nucleobase-driven hydrogels. Nucleobase-containing molecules, such as mononucleosides, DNA, RNA, quadruplex (G4)-forming oligonucleotides, and nucleopeptides are paramount in gel and hydrogel formation owing to their distinctive molecular attributes and ability to self-assemble in biomolecular nanosystems with the most diverse applications in different fields of biomedicine and nanotechnology. In fact, these molecules and their gels present numerous advantages, underscoring their significance and applicability in both material science and biomedicine. Their versatility, capability for molecular recognition, responsiveness to stimuli, biocompatibility, and biodegradability collectively contribute to their prominence in modern nanotechnology and biomedicine. In this review, we emphasize the critical role of nucleobase-containing molecules of different nature in pioneering novel materials with multifaceted applications, highlighting their potential in therapy, diagnostics, and new nanomaterials fabrication as required for addressing numerous current biomedical and nanotechnological challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Caterina Vicidomini
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Italian National Council for Research (IBB-CNR), Area di Ricerca Site and Headquarters, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni N. Roviello
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging, Italian National Council for Research (IBB-CNR), Area di Ricerca Site and Headquarters, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Torres-Huerta AL, Antonio-Pérez A, García-Huante Y, Alcázar-Ramírez NJ, Rueda-Silva JC. Biomolecule-Based Optical Metamaterials: Design and Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:962. [PMID: 36354471 PMCID: PMC9688573 DOI: 10.3390/bios12110962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metamaterials are broadly defined as artificial, electromagnetically homogeneous structures that exhibit unusual physical properties that are not present in nature. They possess extraordinary capabilities to bend electromagnetic waves. Their size, shape and composition can be engineered to modify their characteristics, such as iridescence, color shift, absorbance at different wavelengths, etc., and harness them as biosensors. Metamaterial construction from biological sources such as carbohydrates, proteins and nucleic acids represents a low-cost alternative, rendering high quantities and yields. In addition, the malleability of these biomaterials makes it possible to fabricate an endless number of structured materials such as composited nanoparticles, biofilms, nanofibers, quantum dots, and many others, with very specific, invaluable and tremendously useful optical characteristics. The intrinsic characteristics observed in biomaterials make them suitable for biomedical applications. This review addresses the optical characteristics of metamaterials obtained from the major macromolecules found in nature: carbohydrates, proteins and DNA, highlighting their biosensor field use, and pointing out their physical properties and production paths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Torres-Huerta
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Aurora Antonio-Pérez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Yolanda García-Huante
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria en Ingeniería y Tecnologías Avanzadas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional (UPIITA-IPN), Mexico City 07340, Mexico
| | - Nayelhi Julieta Alcázar-Ramírez
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
| | - Juan Carlos Rueda-Silva
- Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Campus Estado de México, Av. Lago de Guadalupe KM 3.5, Margarita Maza de Juárez, Cd. López Mateos, Atizapán de Zaragoza 52926, Mexico
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ahn SY, Kim J, Vellampatti S, Oh S, Lim YT, Park SH, Luo D, Chung J, Um SH. Protein-Encoding Free-Standing RNA Hydrogel for Sub-Compartmentalized Translation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2110424. [PMID: 35263477 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
RNA can self-fold into complex structures that can serve as major biological regulators in protein synthesis and in catalysis. Due to the abundance of structural primitives and functional diversity, RNA has been utilized for designing nature-defined goals despite its intrinsic chemical instability and lack of technologies. Here, a robust, free-standing RNA hydrogel is developed through a sequential process involving both ligation and rolling circle transcription to form RNA G-quadruplexes, capable of both catalytic activity and enhancing expression of several proteins in sub-compartmentalized, phase-separated translation environments. The observations suggest that this hydrogel will expand RNA research and impact practical RNA principles and applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- So Yeon Ahn
- Progeneer Incorporation, 12, Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08380, Korea
| | - Jeonghun Kim
- Progeneer Incorporation, 12, Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08380, Korea
| | | | - Sung Oh
- Progeneer Incorporation, 12, Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08380, Korea
| | - Yong Taik Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
| | - Sung Ha Park
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14850, USA
| | - Junho Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 03080, Korea
| | - Soong Ho Um
- Progeneer Incorporation, 12, Digital-ro 31-gil, Guro-gu, Seoul, 08380, Korea
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
- SKKU Advanced Institute of Nanotechnology (SAINT), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
- Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
- Institute of Quantum Biophysics (IQB), Sungkyunkwan University, 2066, Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Poudyal RR, Sieg JP, Portz B, Keating CD, Bevilacqua PC. RNA sequence and structure control assembly and function of RNA condensates. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 27:1589-1601. [PMID: 34551999 PMCID: PMC8594466 DOI: 10.1261/rna.078875.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular condensates formed through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) primarily contain proteins and RNA. Recent evidence points to major contributions of RNA self-assembly in the formation of intracellular condensates. As the majority of previous studies on LLPS have focused on protein biochemistry, effects of biological RNAs on LLPS remain largely unexplored. In this study, we investigate the effects of crowding, metal ions, and RNA structure on formation of RNA condensates lacking proteins. Using bacterial riboswitches as a model system, we first demonstrate that LLPS of RNA is promoted by molecular crowding, as evidenced by formation of RNA droplets in the presence of polyethylene glycol (PEG 8K). Crowders are not essential for LLPS, however. Elevated Mg2+ concentrations promote LLPS of specific riboswitches without PEG. Calculations identify key RNA structural and sequence elements that potentiate the formation of PEG-free condensates; these calculations are corroborated by key wet-bench experiments. Based on this, we implement structure-guided design to generate condensates with novel functions including ligand binding. Finally, we show that RNA condensates help protect their RNA components from degradation by nucleases, suggesting potential biological roles for such higher-order RNA assemblies in controlling gene expression through RNA stability. By utilizing both natural and artificial RNAs, our study provides mechanistic insight into the contributions of intrinsic RNA properties and extrinsic environmental conditions to the formation and regulation of condensates comprised of RNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raghav R Poudyal
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Center for RNA Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Jacob P Sieg
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Center for RNA Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Bede Portz
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
| | - Christine D Keating
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Philip C Bevilacqua
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Center for RNA Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Aptamer-Modified Hydrogels. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 178:147-168. [PMID: 33796881 DOI: 10.1007/10_2021_166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels have attracted much attention especially due to their biocompatibility and their potential for stimulus responsiveness. By combining hydrogels with aptamers, biological recognition and responsiveness can be added to hydrogels, thereby opening path to advanced applications in biosensing and biomedicine. Within this chapter aptamers will be introduced and their contributions to biological responsiveness of hydrogels will be described. Especially the aptamer-based mechanisms that result in biological responsiveness will be explained and examples for the application of these mechanisms will be given ranging from rather simple sensing approaches to advanced materials for tissue engineering and drug delivery. Since aptamers are not only highly specific bioreceptors, but represent switchable structures that can be easily manipulated using well-known DNA techniques, the combination of aptamers and hydrogels facilitates the rational design of well-programmable and target-responsive smart hydrogels.
Collapse
|
8
|
Abstract
Supramolecular biopolymers (SBPs) are those polymeric units derived from macromolecules that can assemble with each other by noncovalent interactions. Macromolecular structures are commonly found in living systems such as proteins, DNA/RNA, and polysaccharides. Bioorganic chemistry allows the generation of sequence-specific supramolecular units like SBPs that can be tailored for novel applications in tissue engineering (TE). SBPs hold advantages over other conventional polymers previously used for TE; these materials can be easily functionalized; they are self-healing, biodegradable, stimuli-responsive, and nonimmunogenic. These characteristics are vital for the further development of current trends in TE, such as the use of pluripotent cells for organoid generation, cell-free scaffolds for tissue regeneration, patient-derived organ models, and controlled delivery systems of small molecules. In this review, we will analyse the 3 subtypes of SBPs: peptide-, nucleic acid-, and oligosaccharide-derived. Then, we will discuss the role that SBPs will be playing in TE as dynamic scaffolds, therapeutic scaffolds, and bioinks. Finally, we will describe possible outlooks of SBPs for TE.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kim D, Kim H, Han S, Scatena M, Kim DH, Lee JB. Immunostimulatory Effects Triggered by Self-Assembled Microspheres with Tandem Repeats of Polymerized RNA Strands. Adv Healthc Mater 2019; 8:e1801395. [PMID: 30657652 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201801395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembled RNA particles have been exploited widely to maximize the therapeutic potential of RNA. However, the immune response via RNA particles is not fully understood. In addition, the investigation of the immunogenicity from RNA-based particles is required owing to inherent immunostimulatory effects of RNA for clinical translation. To examine the immune stimulating potency, rationally designed microsized RNA particles, called RNA microspheres (RMSs), are generated with single or double strands via rolling circle transcription. The RMSs show an exceptional stability in the presence of serum, while they are selectively degraded under endolysosomal conditions. With precisely controlled size, both RMSs are successfully taken up by macrophages. Unlike the nature of RNA fragments, RMSs induce only basal-level expression of inflammatory cytokines as well as type I interferon from macrophages, suggesting that RMSs are immunocompatible in the therapeutic dose range. Taken together, this study could help accelerate clinical translation and broaden the applicability of the self-assembled RNA-based particles without being limited by their potential immunotoxicity, while a systematic controllability study observing the release of RNA fragments from RMSs would provide self-assembled RNA-based structures with a great potential for immunomodulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dajeong Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Seoul; Seoul 02504 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyejin Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Seoul; Seoul 02504 Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
| | - Sangwoo Han
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Seoul; Seoul 02504 Republic of Korea
| | - Marta Scatena
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98109 USA
| | - Deok-Ho Kim
- Department of Bioengineering; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98195 USA
- Institute of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine; University of Washington; Seattle WA 98109 USA
| | - Jong Bum Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering; University of Seoul; Seoul 02504 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chen YN, Jiao C, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Wang H. Self-Assembled Polyvinyl Alcohol-Tannic Acid Hydrogels with Diverse Microstructures and Good Mechanical Properties. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:11788-11795. [PMID: 31459270 PMCID: PMC6645311 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b02041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Fabrication of hydrogels with unique microstructures and better mechanical properties through the self-assembly of commercially available synthetic polymers and small molecules is of great scientific and practical importance. A type of physical hydrogels is prepared by the self-assembly of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and tannic acid (TA) in aqueous solution with a low PVA-TA concentration (0.5-6.0 wt %) at room temperature. With the increase of the PVA-TA concentration, the water content of the hydrogels increases, and the content of TA in the hydrogels decreases from 23.1 to 6.4%. The driving force for the self-assembly is proven to be the hydrogen bonding between PVA and TA, which also induces the crystallization of PVA chains. The self-assembled PVA-TA hydrogels have diverse morphologies that change from microspheres to oriented porous structures with the increase of the PVA-TA concentration, and these structures are all composed of nanosized particles, fibers, and/or sheets. Most of the self-assembled PVA-TA hydrogels show good mechanical properties. The highest tensile strength and elastic modulus of the PVA-TA hydrogel prepared with 1.0 wt % PVA-TA concentration are about 84 and 30 kPa, respectively. This self-assembly method would lead to the fabrication of more hydrogels with unique microstructures and properties for practical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion
and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Chen Jiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion
and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Yaxin Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion
and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Jianan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion
and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| | - Huiliang Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Energy Conversion
and Storage Materials, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bakker MH, van Rooij E, Dankers PYW. Controlled Release of RNAi Molecules by Tunable Supramolecular Hydrogel Carriers. Chem Asian J 2018; 13:3501-3508. [PMID: 29858562 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201800582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Local, sustained release and presentation of RNAi therapeutics can be achieved with hydrogel delivery systems. Here we show the development of a supramolecular hydrogel into a local RNAi delivery system. By careful material design, two simple but effective strategies are introduced to obtain controlled release of two classes of RNAi therapeutics, that is, microRNA and antimiR. It was shown that the release of microRNA could be regulated using cholesterol-modification for interaction with the supramolecular hydrogel. Non-modified antimiR release could be controlled via supramolecular introduction of positively charged additive molecules into the supramolecular hydrogel. In this way, either the cholesterol-modification on the drug or the charge introduction into the hydrogel provides handles for controlled RNAi therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maarten H Bakker
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Eva van Rooij
- Hubrecht Institute, KNAW, and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia Y W Dankers
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Eindhoven University of Technology, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|