1
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Lu B, Xia Y, Ren Y, Xie M, Zhou L, Vinai G, Morton SA, Wee ATS, van der Wiel WG, Zhang W, Wong PKJ. When Machine Learning Meets 2D Materials: A Review. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2305277. [PMID: 38279508 PMCID: PMC10987159 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202305277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
The availability of an ever-expanding portfolio of 2D materials with rich internal degrees of freedom (spin, excitonic, valley, sublattice, and layer pseudospin) together with the unique ability to tailor heterostructures made layer by layer in a precisely chosen stacking sequence and relative crystallographic alignments, offers an unprecedented platform for realizing materials by design. However, the breadth of multi-dimensional parameter space and massive data sets involved is emblematic of complex, resource-intensive experimentation, which not only challenges the current state of the art but also renders exhaustive sampling untenable. To this end, machine learning, a very powerful data-driven approach and subset of artificial intelligence, is a potential game-changer, enabling a cheaper - yet more efficient - alternative to traditional computational strategies. It is also a new paradigm for autonomous experimentation for accelerated discovery and machine-assisted design of functional 2D materials and heterostructures. Here, the study reviews the recent progress and challenges of such endeavors, and highlight various emerging opportunities in this frontier research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Lu
- ARTIST Lab for Artificial Electronic Materials and Technologies, School of MicroelectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072P. R. China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityTaicang215400P. R. China
| | - Yuze Xia
- ARTIST Lab for Artificial Electronic Materials and Technologies, School of MicroelectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072P. R. China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityTaicang215400P. R. China
| | - Yuqian Ren
- ARTIST Lab for Artificial Electronic Materials and Technologies, School of MicroelectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072P. R. China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityTaicang215400P. R. China
| | - Miaomiao Xie
- ARTIST Lab for Artificial Electronic Materials and Technologies, School of MicroelectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072P. R. China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityTaicang215400P. R. China
| | - Liguo Zhou
- ARTIST Lab for Artificial Electronic Materials and Technologies, School of MicroelectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072P. R. China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityTaicang215400P. R. China
| | - Giovanni Vinai
- Instituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM)‐CNRLaboratorio TASCTriesteI‐34149Italy
| | - Simon A. Morton
- Advanced Light Source (ALS)Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryBerkeleyCA94720USA
| | - Andrew T. S. Wee
- Department of Physics and Centre for Advanced 2D Materials (CA2DM) and Graphene Research Centre (GRC)National University of SingaporeSingapore117542Singapore
| | - Wilfred G. van der Wiel
- NanoElectronics Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and BRAINS Center for Brain‐Inspired Nano SystemsUniversity of TwenteEnschede7500AEThe Netherlands
- Institute of PhysicsUniversity of Münster48149MünsterGermany
| | - Wen Zhang
- ARTIST Lab for Artificial Electronic Materials and Technologies, School of MicroelectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072P. R. China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityTaicang215400P. R. China
- NanoElectronics Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology and BRAINS Center for Brain‐Inspired Nano SystemsUniversity of TwenteEnschede7500AEThe Netherlands
| | - Ping Kwan Johnny Wong
- ARTIST Lab for Artificial Electronic Materials and Technologies, School of MicroelectronicsNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an710072P. R. China
- Yangtze River Delta Research Institute of Northwestern Polytechnical UniversityTaicang215400P. R. China
- NPU Chongqing Technology Innovation CenterChongqing400000P. R. China
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2
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Di Felice R, Mayes ML, Richard RM, Williams-Young DB, Chan GKL, de Jong WA, Govind N, Head-Gordon M, Hermes MR, Kowalski K, Li X, Lischka H, Mueller KT, Mutlu E, Niklasson AMN, Pederson MR, Peng B, Shepard R, Valeev EF, van Schilfgaarde M, Vlaisavljevich B, Windus TL, Xantheas SS, Zhang X, Zimmerman PM. A Perspective on Sustainable Computational Chemistry Software Development and Integration. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:7056-7076. [PMID: 37769271 PMCID: PMC10601486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.3c00419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
The power of quantum chemistry to predict the ground and excited state properties of complex chemical systems has driven the development of computational quantum chemistry software, integrating advances in theory, applied mathematics, and computer science. The emergence of new computational paradigms associated with exascale technologies also poses significant challenges that require a flexible forward strategy to take full advantage of existing and forthcoming computational resources. In this context, the sustainability and interoperability of computational chemistry software development are among the most pressing issues. In this perspective, we discuss software infrastructure needs and investments with an eye to fully utilize exascale resources and provide unique computational tools for next-generation science problems and scientific discoveries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Di Felice
- Departments
of Physics and Astronomy and Quantitative and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
- CNR-NANO
Modena, Modena 41125, Italy
| | - Maricris L. Mayes
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of Massachusetts Dartmouth, North Dartmouth, Massachusetts 02747, United States
| | | | | | - Garnet Kin-Lic Chan
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Wibe A. de Jong
- Lawrence
Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Niranjan Govind
- Physical
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Martin Head-Gordon
- Pitzer Center
for Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Matthew R. Hermes
- Department
of Chemistry, Chicago Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Karol Kowalski
- Physical
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xiaosong Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Hans Lischka
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech
University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Karl T. Mueller
- Physical
and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Erdal Mutlu
- Advanced
Computing, Mathematics, and Data Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Anders M. N. Niklasson
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Mark R. Pederson
- Department
of Physics, The University of Texas at El
Paso, El Paso, Texas 79968, United States
| | - Bo Peng
- Physical
Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National
Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Ron Shepard
- Chemical
Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne
National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Edward F. Valeev
- Department
of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | - Bess Vlaisavljevich
- Department
of Chemistry, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, United States
| | - Theresa L. Windus
- Department
of Chemistry, Iowa State University and
Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Sotiris S. Xantheas
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Advanced
Computing, Mathematics and Data Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States
| | - Xing Zhang
- Division
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California
Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Paul M. Zimmerman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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3
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Korolev V, Protsenko P. Accurate, interpretable predictions of materials properties within transformer language models. PATTERNS (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 4:100803. [PMID: 37876904 PMCID: PMC10591138 DOI: 10.1016/j.patter.2023.100803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Property prediction accuracy has long been a key parameter of machine learning in materials informatics. Accordingly, advanced models showing state-of-the-art performance turn into highly parameterized black boxes missing interpretability. Here, we present an elegant way to make their reasoning transparent. Human-readable text-based descriptions automatically generated within a suite of open-source tools are proposed as materials representation. Transformer language models pretrained on 2 million peer-reviewed articles take as input well-known terms such as chemical composition, crystal symmetry, and site geometry. Our approach outperforms crystal graph networks by classifying four out of five analyzed properties if one considers all available reference data. Moreover, fine-tuned text-based models show high accuracy in the ultra-small data limit. Explanations of their internal machinery are produced using local interpretability techniques and are faithful and consistent with domain expert rationales. This language-centric framework makes accurate property predictions accessible to people without artificial-intelligence expertise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Korolev
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Pavel Protsenko
- Department of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
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4
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Wines D, Xie T, Choudhary K. Inverse Design of Next-Generation Superconductors Using Data-Driven Deep Generative Models. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:6630-6638. [PMID: 37462366 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Finding new superconductors with a high critical temperature (Tc) has been a challenging task due to computational and experimental costs. We present a diffusion model inspired by the computer vision community to generate new superconductors with unique structures and chemical compositions. Specifically, we used a crystal diffusion variational autoencoder (CDVAE) along with atomistic line graph neural network (ALIGNN) pretrained models and the Joint Automated Repository for Various Integrated Simulations (JARVIS) superconducting database of density functional theory (DFT) calculations to generate new superconductors with a high success rate. We started with a DFT data set of ∼1000 superconducting materials to train the diffusion model. We used the model to generate 3000 new structures, which along with pretrained ALIGNN screening results in 61 candidates. For the top candidates, we performed DFT calculations for validation. Such approaches go beyond funnel-like materials screening approaches and allow for the inverse design of next-generation materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wines
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Tian Xie
- Microsoft Research AI4Science, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB1 2FB
| | - Kamal Choudhary
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- DeepMaterials LLC, Silver Spring, Maryland 20906, United States
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5
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Wines D, Choudhary K, Biacchi AJ, Garrity KF, Tavazza F. High-Throughput DFT-Based Discovery of Next Generation Two-Dimensional (2D) Superconductors. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:969-978. [PMID: 36715314 PMCID: PMC9988690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
High-throughput density functional theory (DFT) calculations allow for a systematic search for conventional superconductors. With the recent interest in two-dimensional (2D) superconductors, we used a high-throughput workflow to screen over 1000 2D materials in the JARVIS-DFT database and performed electron-phonon coupling calculations, using the McMillan-Allen-Dynes formula to calculate the superconducting transition temperature (Tc) for 165 of them. Of these 165 materials, we identify 34 dynamically stable structures with transition temperatures above 5 K, including materials such as W2N3, NbO2, ZrBrO, TiClO, NaSn2S4, Mg2B4C2, and the previously unreported Mg2B4N2 (Tc = 21.8 K). Finally, we performed experiments to determine the Tc of selected layered superconductors (2H-NbSe2, 2H-NbS2, ZrSiS, FeSe) and discuss the measured results within the context of our DFT results. We aim that the outcome of this workflow can guide future computational and experimental studies of new and emerging 2D superconductors by providing a roadmap of high-throughput DFT data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wines
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Kamal Choudhary
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
- Theiss Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Adam J Biacchi
- Physical Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Kevin F Garrity
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Francesca Tavazza
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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6
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Wines D, Choudhary K, Tavazza F. Systematic DFT+U and Quantum Monte Carlo Benchmark of Magnetic Two-Dimensional (2D) CrX 3 (X = I, Br, Cl, F). THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c06733. [PMID: 36727030 PMCID: PMC9888057 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c06733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The search for two-dimensional (2D) magnetic materials has attracted a great deal of attention because of the experimental synthesis of 2D CrI3, which has a measured Curie temperature of 45 K. Often times, these monolayers have a higher degree of electron correlation and require more sophisticated methods beyond density functional theory (DFT). Diffusion Monte Carlo (DMC) is a correlated electronic structure method that has been demonstrated to be successful for calculating the electronic and magnetic properties of a wide variety of 2D and bulk systems, since it has a weaker dependence on the Hubbard parameter (U) and density functional. In this study, we designed a workflow that combines DFT +U and DMC in order to treat 2D correlated magnetic systems. We chose monolayer CrX3 (X = I, Br, Cl, F), with a stronger focus on CrI3 and CrBr3, as a case study due to the fact that they have been experimentally realized and have a finite critical temperature. With this DFT+U and DMC workflow and the analytical method of Torelli and Olsen, we estimated a maximum value of 43.56 K for the Tc of CrI3 and 20.78 K for the Tc of CrBr3, in addition to analyzing the spin densities and magnetic properties with DMC and DFT+U. We expect that running this workflow for a well-known material class will aid in the future discovery and characterization of lesser known and more complex correlated 2D magnetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Wines
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Kamal Choudhary
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States; Theiss Research, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Francesca Tavazza
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
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7
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Mitzi DB, Kim Y. Spiers Memorial Lecture: Next generation chalcogenide-based absorbers for thin-film solar cells. Faraday Discuss 2022; 239:9-37. [PMID: 36065897 DOI: 10.1039/d2fd00132b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic-based thin-film photovoltaics (TFPV) represents an important component of the growing low-carbon energy market and plays a vital role in the drive toward lower cost and increased penetration of solar energy. Yet, commercialized thin-film absorber technologies suffer from some non-ideal characteristics, such as toxic or non-abundant element use (e.g., CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2, which bring into question their suitability for terawatt deployment. Numerous promising chalcogenide, halide, pnictide and oxide semiconductors are being pursued to bridge these concerns for TFPV and several promising paths have emerged, both as prospective replacements for the entrenched technologies, and to serve as partner (i.e., higher bandgap) absorbers for tandem junction devices-e.g., to be used with a lower bandgap Si bottom cell. The current perspective will primarily focus on emerging chalcogenide-based technologies and provide both an overview of absorber candidates that have been of recent interest and a deeper dive into an exemplary Cu2BaSnS4-related family. Overall, considering the combined needs of high-performance, low-cost, and operational stability, as well as the experiences gained from existing commercialized thin-film absorber technologies, chalcogenide-based semiconductors represent a promising direction for future PV development and also serve to highlight common themes and needs among the broader TFPV materials family.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Mitzi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
| | - Yongshin Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
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8
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Kangsabanik J, Svendsen MK, Taghizadeh A, Crovetto A, Thygesen KS. Indirect Band Gap Semiconductors for Thin-Film Photovoltaics: High-Throughput Calculation of Phonon-Assisted Absorption. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:19872-19883. [PMID: 36270007 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c07567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Discovery of high-performance materials remains one of the most active areas in photovoltaics (PV) research. Indirect band gap materials form the largest part of the semiconductor chemical space, but predicting their suitability for PV applications from first-principles calculations remains challenging. Here, we propose a computationally efficient method to account for phonon-assisted absorption across the indirect band gap and use it to screen 127 experimentally known binary semiconductors for their potential as thin-film PV absorbers. Using screening descriptors for absorption, carrier transport, and nonradiative recombination, we identify 28 potential candidate materials. The list, which contains 20 indirect band gap semiconductors, comprises well-established (3), emerging (16), and previously unexplored (9) absorber materials. Most of the new compounds are anion-rich chalcogenides (TiS3 and Ga2Te5) and phosphides (PdP2, CdP4, MgP4, and BaP3) containing homoelemental bonds and represent a new frontier in PV materials research. Our work highlights the previously underexplored potential of indirect band gap materials for optoelectronic thin-film technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiban Kangsabanik
- CAMD, Computational Atomic-Scale Materials Design, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mark Kamper Svendsen
- CAMD, Computational Atomic-Scale Materials Design, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Alireza Taghizadeh
- CAMD, Computational Atomic-Scale Materials Design, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andrea Crovetto
- National Centre for Nano Fabrication and Characterization (DTU Nanolab), Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kristian S Thygesen
- CAMD, Computational Atomic-Scale Materials Design, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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9
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Moradi S, Kundu S, Saidaminov MI. High-Throughput Synthesis of Thin Films for the Discovery of Energy Materials: A Perspective. ACS MATERIALS AU 2022; 2:516-524. [PMID: 36124002 PMCID: PMC9479136 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.2c00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Thin films are an
integral part of many electronic and optoelectronic
devices. They also provide an excellent platform for material characterization.
Therefore, strategies for the fabrication of thin films are constantly
developed and have significantly benefited from the advent of high-throughput
synthesis (HTS) platforms. This perspective summarizes recent advances
in HTS of thin films from experimentalists’ point of view.
The work analyzes general strategies of HTS and then discusses their
use in developing new energy materials for applications that rely
on thin films, such as solar cells, light-emitting diodes, batteries,
superconductors, and thermoelectrics. The perspective also summarizes
some key challenges and opportunities in the HTS of thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahram Moradi
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Soumya Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
| | - Makhsud I. Saidaminov
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Related Technologies (CAMTEC), University of Victoria, 3800 Finnerty Road, Victoria, British Columbia V8P 5C2, Canada
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10
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Sajjan M, Li J, Selvarajan R, Sureshbabu SH, Kale SS, Gupta R, Singh V, Kais S. Quantum machine learning for chemistry and physics. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:6475-6573. [PMID: 35849066 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00203e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Machine learning (ML) has emerged as a formidable force for identifying hidden but pertinent patterns within a given data set with the objective of subsequent generation of automated predictive behavior. In recent years, it is safe to conclude that ML and its close cousin, deep learning (DL), have ushered in unprecedented developments in all areas of physical sciences, especially chemistry. Not only classical variants of ML, even those trainable on near-term quantum hardwares have been developed with promising outcomes. Such algorithms have revolutionized materials design and performance of photovoltaics, electronic structure calculations of ground and excited states of correlated matter, computation of force-fields and potential energy surfaces informing chemical reaction dynamics, reactivity inspired rational strategies of drug designing and even classification of phases of matter with accurate identification of emergent criticality. In this review we shall explicate a subset of such topics and delineate the contributions made by both classical and quantum computing enhanced machine learning algorithms over the past few years. We shall not only present a brief overview of the well-known techniques but also highlight their learning strategies using statistical physical insight. The objective of the review is not only to foster exposition of the aforesaid techniques but also to empower and promote cross-pollination among future research in all areas of chemistry which can benefit from ML and in turn can potentially accelerate the growth of such algorithms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manas Sajjan
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Junxu Li
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA
| | - Raja Selvarajan
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA
| | - Shree Hari Sureshbabu
- Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA
| | - Sumit Suresh Kale
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Rishabh Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Vinit Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA
| | - Sabre Kais
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA. .,Purdue Quantum Science and Engineering Institute, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.,Department of Physics and Astronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA.,Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN-47907, USA
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11
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Cai X, Zhang Y, Shi Z, Chen Y, Xia Y, Yu A, Xu Y, Xie F, Shao H, Zhu H, Fu D, Zhan Y, Zhang H. Discovery of Lead-Free Perovskites for High-Performance Solar Cells via Machine Learning: Ultrabroadband Absorption, Low Radiative Combination, and Enhanced Thermal Conductivities. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103648. [PMID: 34904393 PMCID: PMC8811845 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Exploring lead-free candidates and improving efficiency and stability remain the obstacle of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskite-based devices commercialization. Traditional trial-and-error methods seriously restrict the discovery especially for large search space, complex crystal structure and multi-objective properties. Here, the authors propose a multi-step and multi-stage screening scheme to accelerate the discovery of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites A2 BB'X6 from a large number of candidates through combining machine learning with high-throughput calculations for pursuing excellent efficiency and thermal stability in solar cells. Followed by a series of screenings, the structure-property relationships mapping A2 BB'X6 properties are built and the predictions are close to reported experimental results. Successfully, four experimental-feasibly candidates with good stability, high Debye temperature and suitable band gap are screened out and further verified by density-functional theory calculations, in which the predicted efficiency for three lead-free candidates ((CH3 NH3 )2 AgGaBr6 , (CH3 NH3 )2 AgInBr6 and (C2 NH6 )2 AgInBr6 ) achieves 20.6%, 19.9% and 27.6% due to ultrabroadband absorption region ranging from UVC to IRC with excitonic radiative combination rates as low as 10 ps, large or intermediate polarons form with properties similar to CH3 NH3 PbI3 and the calculated thermal conductivities are 5.04, 4.39 and 5.16 Wm-1 K-1 , respectively, with Debye temperatures larger than 500 K, beneficial for suppression of both nonradiative combination and heat-induced degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Cai
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- Center of Micro‐Nano SystemSchool of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Zejiao Shi
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- Center of Micro‐Nano SystemSchool of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Ying Chen
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Yujie Xia
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Anran Yu
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- Center of Micro‐Nano SystemSchool of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Yuanfeng Xu
- School of ScienceShandong Jianzhu UniversityJinanShandong250101China
| | - Fengxian Xie
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Hezhu Shao
- College of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringWenzhou UniversityWenzhou325035China
| | - Heyuan Zhu
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Desheng Fu
- Department of Electronics & Materials SciencesFaculty of Engineering, & Department of Optoelectronics and Nanostructure ScienceGraduate School of Science and TechnologyShizuoka UniversityHamamatsu432‐8561Japan
| | - Yiqiang Zhan
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- Center of Micro‐Nano SystemSchool of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Information Science and TechnologyFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- Key Laboratory of Micro and Nano Photonic Structures (MOE) and Department of Optical Science and EngineeringFudan UniversityShanghai200433China
- Yiwu Research Institute of Fudan UniversityChengbei RoadYiwu CityZhejiang322000China
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12
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Raman G. Study of the Relationship between Synthesis Descriptors and the Type of Zeolite Phase Formed in ZSM‐43 Synthesis by Using Machine Learning. ChemistrySelect 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202102890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ganesan Raman
- Reliance Research & Development Center Reliance Corporate Park, Reliance Industries Limited Thane-Belapur Road, Ghansoli Navi Mumbai India 400701
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13
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Leguy J, Glavatskikh M, Cauchy T, Da Mota B. Scalable estimator of the diversity for de novo molecular generation resulting in a more robust QM dataset (OD9) and a more efficient molecular optimization. J Cheminform 2021; 13:76. [PMID: 34600576 PMCID: PMC8487551 DOI: 10.1186/s13321-021-00554-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical diversity is one of the key term when dealing with machine learning and molecular generation. This is particularly true for quantum chemical datasets. The composition of which should be done meticulously since the calculation is highly time demanding. Previously we have seen that the most known quantum chemical dataset QM9 lacks chemical diversity. As a consequence, ML models trained on QM9 showed generalizability shortcomings. In this paper we would like to present (i) a fast and generic method to evaluate chemical diversity, (ii) a new quantum chemical dataset of 435k molecules, OD9, that includes QM9 and new molecules generated with a diversity objective, (iii) an analysis of the diversity impact on unconstrained and goal-directed molecular generation on the example of QED optimization. Our innovative approach makes it possible to individually estimate the impact of a solution to the diversity of a set, allowing for effective incremental evaluation. In the first application, we will see how the diversity constraint allows us to generate more than a million of molecules that would efficiently complete the reference datasets. The compounds were calculated with DFT thanks to a collaborative effort through the QuChemPedIA@home BOINC project. With regard to goal-directed molecular generation, getting a high QED score is not complicated, but adding a little diversity can cut the number of calls to the evaluation function by a factor of ten.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules Leguy
- Univ Angers, LERIA, SFR MATHSTIC, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Marta Glavatskikh
- Univ Angers, LERIA, SFR MATHSTIC, 49000, Angers, France.,Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-ANJOU, SFR MATRIX, 49000, Angers, France
| | - Thomas Cauchy
- Univ Angers, CNRS, MOLTECH-ANJOU, SFR MATRIX, 49000, Angers, France.
| | - Benoit Da Mota
- Univ Angers, LERIA, SFR MATHSTIC, 49000, Angers, France.
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14
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Garrity KF, Choudhary K. Database of Wannier tight-binding Hamiltonians using high-throughput density functional theory. Sci Data 2021; 8:106. [PMID: 33850146 PMCID: PMC8044170 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00885-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Wannier tight-binding Hamiltonians (WTBH) provide a computationally efficient way to predict electronic properties of materials. In this work, we develop a computational workflow for high-throughput Wannierization of density functional theory (DFT) based electronic band structure calculations. We apply this workflow to 1771 materials (1406 3D and 365 2D), and we create a database with the resulting WTBHs. We evaluate the accuracy of the WTBHs by comparing the Wannier band structures to directly calculated spin-orbit coupling DFT band structures. Our testing includes k-points outside the grid used in the Wannierization, providing an out-of-sample test of accuracy. We illustrate the use of WTBHs with a few example applications. We also develop a web-app that can be used to predict electronic properties on-the-fly using WTBH from our database. The tools to generate the Hamiltonian and the database of the WTB parameters are made publicly available through the websites https://github.com/usnistgov/jarvis and https://jarvis.nist.gov/jarviswtb .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin F Garrity
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USA
| | - Kamal Choudhary
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USA.
- Theiss Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
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15
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Yang C, Chen J, Wang R, Zhang M, Zhang C, Liu J. Density Prediction Models for Energetic Compounds Merely Using Molecular Topology. J Chem Inf Model 2021; 61:2582-2593. [PMID: 33844526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.0c01393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Newly developed high-throughput methods for property predictions make the process of materials design faster and more efficient. Density is an important physical property for energetic compounds to assess detonation velocity and detonation pressure, but the time cost of recent density prediction models is still high owing to the time-consuming processes to calculate molecular descriptors. To improve the screening efficiency of potential energetic compounds, new methods for density prediction with more accuracy and less time cost are urgently needed, and a possible solution is to establish direct mappings between the molecular structure and density. We propose three machine learning (ML) models, support vector machine (SVM), random forest (RF), and Graph neural network (GNN), using molecular topology as the only known input. The widely applied quantitative structure-property relationship based on the density functional theory (DFT-QSPR) is adopted as the benchmark to evaluate the accuracies of the models. All these four models are trained and tested by using the same data set enclosing over 2000 reported nitro compounds searched out from the Cambridge Structural Database. The proportions of compounds with prediction error less than 5% are evaluated by using the independent test set, and the values for the models of SVM, RF, DFT-QSPR, and GNN are 48, 63, 85, and 88%, respectively. The results show that, for the models of SVM and RF, fingerprint bit vectors alone are not facilitated to obtain good QSPRs. Mapping between the molecular structure and density can be well established by using GNN and molecular topology, and its accuracy is slightly better than that of the time-consuming DFT-QSPR method. The GNN-based model has higher accuracy and lower computational resource cost than the widely accepted DFT-QSPR model, so it is more suitable for high-throughput screening of energetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunming Yang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), P.O. Box 919-311, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
| | - Runwen Wang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science & Technology, Mianyang 621010, Sichuan, China.,Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), P.O. Box 919-311, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Chaoyang Zhang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), P.O. Box 919-311, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), P.O. Box 919-311, Mianyang 621999, Sichuan, China
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16
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Choudhary K, Garrity KF, Camp C, Kalinin SV, Vasudevan R, Ziatdinov M, Tavazza F. Computational scanning tunneling microscope image database. Sci Data 2021; 8:57. [PMID: 33574307 PMCID: PMC7878481 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-021-00824-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We introduce the systematic database of scanning tunneling microscope (STM) images obtained using density functional theory (DFT) for two-dimensional (2D) materials, calculated using the Tersoff-Hamann method. It currently contains data for 716 exfoliable 2D materials. Examples of the five possible Bravais lattice types for 2D materials and their Fourier-transforms are discussed. All the computational STM images generated in this work are made available on the JARVIS-STM website ( https://jarvis.nist.gov/jarvisstm ). We find excellent qualitative agreement between the computational and experimental STM images for selected materials. As a first example application of this database, we train a convolution neural network model to identify the Bravais lattice from the STM images. We believe the model can aid high-throughput experimental data analysis. These computational STM images can directly aid the identification of phases, analyzing defects and lattice-distortions in experimental STM images, as well as be incorporated in the autonomous experiment workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Choudhary
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
| | - Kevin F Garrity
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Charles Camp
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
| | - Sergei V Kalinin
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Rama Vasudevan
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Maxim Ziatdinov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN, 37831, USA
| | - Francesca Tavazza
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA
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17
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Choudhary K, Ansari JN, Mazin II, Sauer KL. Density functional theory-based electric field gradient database. Sci Data 2020; 7:362. [PMID: 33087719 PMCID: PMC7578653 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-00707-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The deviation of the electron density around the nuclei from spherical symmetry determines the electric field gradient (EFG), which can be measured by various types of spectroscopy. Nuclear Quadrupole Resonance (NQR) is particularly sensitive to the EFG. The EFGs, and by implication NQR frequencies, vary dramatically across materials. Consequently, searching for NQR spectral lines in previously uninvestigated materials represents a major challenge. Calculated EFGs can significantly aid at the search's inception. To facilitate this task, we have applied high-throughput density functional theory calculations to predict EFGs for 15187 materials in the JARVIS-DFT database. This database, which will include EFG as a standard entry, is continuously increasing. Given the large scope of the database, it is impractical to verify each calculation. However, we assess accuracy by singling out cases for which reliable experimental information is readily available and compare them to the calculations. We further present a statistical analysis of the results. The database and tools associated with our work are made publicly available by JARVIS-DFT ( https://www.ctcms.nist.gov/~knc6/JVASP.html ) and NIST-JARVIS API ( http://jarvis.nist.gov/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Choudhary
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, 20899, USA.
- Theiss Research, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
| | - Jaafar N Ansari
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Igor I Mazin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
| | - Karen L Sauer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
- Quantum Science and Engineering Center, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, 22030, USA
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18
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Häse F, Roch LM, Friederich P, Aspuru-Guzik A. Designing and understanding light-harvesting devices with machine learning. Nat Commun 2020; 11:4587. [PMID: 32917886 PMCID: PMC7486390 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Understanding the fundamental processes of light-harvesting is crucial to the development of clean energy materials and devices. Biological organisms have evolved complex metabolic mechanisms to efficiently convert sunlight into chemical energy. Unraveling the secrets of this conversion has inspired the design of clean energy technologies, including solar cells and photocatalytic water splitting. Describing the emergence of macroscopic properties from microscopic processes poses the challenge to bridge length and time scales of several orders of magnitude. Machine learning experiences increased popularity as a tool to bridge the gap between multi-level theoretical models and Edisonian trial-and-error approaches. Machine learning offers opportunities to gain detailed scientific insights into the underlying principles governing light-harvesting phenomena and can accelerate the fabrication of light-harvesting devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Häse
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, 12 Oxford Street, Cambridge, 02138, MA, USA
- CIFAR AI Chair, Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5S 1M1, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 214 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Loïc M Roch
- CIFAR AI Chair, Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5S 1M1, Canada
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 214 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
- ChemOS Sàrl, Lausanne, VD, 1006, Switzerland
| | - Pascal Friederich
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 214 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Insititute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Alán Aspuru-Guzik
- CIFAR AI Chair, Vector Institute for Artificial Intelligence, 661 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5S 1M1, Canada.
- Department of Computer Science, University of Toronto, 214 College Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
- Chemical Physics Theory Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON, M5S 3H6, Canada.
- Lebovic Fellow, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR), 661 University Avenue, Toronto, ON, M5S 1M1, Canada.
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19
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Idehenre IU, Mills MS. Multi-directional beam steering using diffractive neural networks. OPTICS EXPRESS 2020; 28:25915-25934. [PMID: 32906872 DOI: 10.1364/oe.400364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The modern-day resurgence of machine learning has encouraged researchers to revisit older problem spaces from a new perspective. One promising avenue has been implementing deep neural networks to aid in the simulation of physical systems. In the field of optics, densely connected neural networks able to mimic wave propagation have recently been constructed. These diffractive deep neural networks (D2NN) not only offer new insights into wave propagation, but provide a novel tool for investigating and discovering multi-functional diffractive elements. In this paper, we derive an efficient GPU-friendly D2NN methodology based on Rayleigh-Sommerfeld diffraction. We then use the implementation to virtually forge cascades of optical phase masks subject to different beam steering conditions. The input and output conditions we use to train each D2NN instance is based on commercial electro-optic modulated waveguide systems to encourage experimental follow-on. In total, we analyze the beam steering efficacy of 27 individual D2NN instances which explore different permutations of input sources, mask cascades, and output steering targets.
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20
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Choudhary K, Garrity KF, Tavazza F. Data-driven discovery of 3D and 2D thermoelectric materials. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:475501. [PMID: 32590376 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aba06b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we first perform a systematic search for high-efficiency three-dimensional (3D) and two-dimensional (2D) thermoelectric materials by combining semiclassical transport techniques with density functional theory (DFT) calculations and then train machine-learning models on the thermoelectric data. Out of 36 000 three-dimensional and 900 two-dimensional materials currently in the publicly available JARVIS-DFT database, we identify 2932 3D and 148 2D promising thermoelectric materials using a multi-steps screening procedure, where specific thresholds are chosen for key quantities like bandgaps, Seebeck coefficients and power factors. We compute the Seebeck coefficients for all the materials currently in the database and validate our calculations by comparing our results, for a subset of materials, to experimental and existing computational datasets. We also investigate the effect of chemical, structural, crystallographic and dimensionality trends on thermoelectric performance. We predict several classes of efficient 3D and 2D materials such as Ba(MgX)2(X = P, As, Bi), X2YZ6(X = K, Rb, Y=Pd, Pt, Z = Cl, Br), K2PtX2(X = S, Se), NbCu3X4(X = S, Se, Te), Sr2XYO6(X = Ta, Zn, Y=Ga, Mo), TaCu3X4(X = S, Se, Te), and XYN (X = Ti, Zr, Y=Cl, Br). Finally, as high-throughput DFT is computationally expensive, we train machine learning models using gradient boosting decision trees and classical force-field inspired descriptors for n-and p-type Seebeck coefficients and power factors, to quickly pre-screen materials for guiding the next set of DFT calculations. The dataset and tools are made publicly available at the websites:https://www.ctcms.nist.gov/~knc6/JVASP.html,https://www.ctcms.nist.gov/jarvisml/andhttps://jarvis.nist.gov/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Choudhary
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States of America
| | - Kevin F Garrity
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States of America
| | - Francesca Tavazza
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, United States of America
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21
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Kim S, Chae K, Son YW. Promising photovoltaic efficiency of a layered silicon oxide crystal Si 3O. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15638-15642. [PMID: 32692335 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03297b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Computational searching and screening of new functional materials exploiting Earth abundant elements can accelerate the development of their energy applications. Based on the state-of-the-art material search algorithm and ab initio calculations, we demonstrate a recently suggested stable silicon oxide with a layered structure (Si3O) as an ideal photovoltaic material. With many-body first-principles approaches, the monolayer and layered bulk of Si3O show direct quasiparticle gaps of 1.85 eV and 1.25 eV, respectively, while an optical gap of about 1.2 eV is nearly independent of the number of layers. Spectroscopic limited maximum efficiency (SLME) is estimated to be 27% for a thickness of 0.5 μm, making it a promising candidate for solar energy applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sejoong Kim
- University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Korea
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22
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Manion JG, Proppe AH, Hicks GEJ, Sargent EH, Seferos DS. High-Throughput Screening of Antisolvents for the Deposition of High-Quality Perovskite Thin Films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:26026-26032. [PMID: 32402196 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c06110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One-step solution deposition of high-quality perovskite thin films relies heavily on a small number of antisolvents. Here, we design a simple minimum volume colorimetric solution assay to screen over 100 different solvents. We correctly identify 14 previously reported antisolvents and predict 20 novel candidates. We then refine the assay through analysis of screening results, available solvent properties, and qualitative evaluation of films cast using 50 candidates. Using the refined findings, we successfully demonstrated 15 different antisolvents for characterization and evaluation in inverted devices, including six previously unreported candidates. All candidates produced power conversion efficiencies comparable to chlorobenzene controls without any additional optimization. This work presents the largest scope of antisolvents reported, can be easily adapted to other perovskites, and opens the door to selecting antisolvents based on a wide range of desirable properties including efficiency, usability, safety, and industrial viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph G Manion
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Andrew H Proppe
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Garion E J Hicks
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Dwight S Seferos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E5, Canada
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23
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Schleder GR, Padilha ACM, Reily Rocha A, Dalpian GM, Fazzio A. Ab Initio Simulations and Materials Chemistry in the Age of Big Data. J Chem Inf Model 2019; 60:452-459. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.9b00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Ravanhani Schleder
- Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano)/CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Adalberto Fazzio
- Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
- Brazilian Nanotechnology National Laboratory (LNNano)/CNPEM, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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24
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Choudhary K, Garrity KF, Tavazza F. High-throughput Discovery of Topologically Non-trivial Materials using Spin-orbit Spillage. Sci Rep 2019; 9:8534. [PMID: 31189899 PMCID: PMC6561936 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-45028-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a novel methodology to identify topologically non-trivial materials based on band inversion induced by spin-orbit coupling (SOC) effect. Specifically, we compare the density functional theory (DFT) based wavefunctions with and without spin-orbit coupling and compute the 'spin-orbit-spillage' as a measure of band-inversion. Due to its ease of calculation, without any need for symmetry analysis or dense k-point interpolation, the spillage is an excellent tool for identifying topologically non-trivial materials. Out of 30000 materials available in the JARVIS-DFT database, we applied this methodology to more than 4835 non-magnetic materials consisting of heavy atoms and low bandgaps. We found 1868 candidate materials with high-spillage (using 0.5 as a threshold). We validated our methodology by carrying out conventional Wannier-interpolation calculations for 289 candidate materials. We demonstrate that in addition to Z2 topological insulators, this screening method successfully identified many semimetals and topological crystalline insulators. Importantly, our approach is applicable to the investigation of disordered or distorted as well as magnetic materials, because it is not based on symmetry considerations. We discuss some individual example materials, as well as trends throughout our dataset, which is available at the websites: https://www.ctcms.nist.gov/~knc6/JVASP.html and https://jarvis.nist.gov/ .
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Choudhary
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USA.
| | - Kevin F Garrity
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USA
| | - Francesca Tavazza
- Materials Science and Engineering Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland, 20899, USA
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