Rajczewski A, Ndreu L, Vryonidis E, Hurben AK, Jamshidi S, Griffin TJ, Törnqvist MÅ, Tretyakova NY, Karlsson I. Mass Spectrometry-Based Strategies for Assessing Human Exposure Using Hemoglobin Adductomics.
Chem Res Toxicol 2023;
36:2019-2030. [PMID:
37963067 PMCID:
PMC10731639 DOI:
10.1021/acs.chemrestox.3c00294]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Hemoglobin (Hb) adducts are widely used in human biomonitoring due to the high abundance of hemoglobin in human blood, its reactivity toward electrophiles, and adducted protein stability for up to 120 days. In the present paper, we compared three methods of analysis of hemoglobin adducts: mass spectrometry of derivatized N-terminal Val adducts, mass spectrometry of N-terminal adducted hemoglobin peptides, and limited proteolysis mass spectrometry . Blood from human donors was incubated with a selection of contact allergens and other electrophiles, after which hemoglobin was isolated and subjected to three analysis methods. We found that the FIRE method was able to detect and reliably quantify N-terminal adducts of acrylamide, acrylic acid, glycidic acid, and 2,3-epoxypropyl phenyl ether (PGE), but it was less efficient for 2-methyleneglutaronitrile (2-MGN) and failed to detect 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB). By contrast, bottom-up proteomics was able to determine the presence of adducts from all six electrophiles at both the N-terminus and reactive hemoglobin side chains. Limited proteolysis mass spectrometry, studied for four contact allergens (three electrophiles and a metal salt), was able to determine the presence of covalent hemoglobin adducts with one of the three electrophiles (DNCB) and coordination complexation with the nickel salt. Together, these approaches represent complementary tools in the study of the hemoglobin adductome.
Collapse