1
|
Alcohol policies and alcohol-attributable cancer mortality in U.S. States. Chem Biol Interact 2019; 315:108885. [PMID: 31678112 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.108885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 10/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Although more restrictive alcohol control policies (e.g., higher alcohol taxes) are related to lower levels of alcohol consumption, little is known about the relationship between alcohol policies and rates of alcohol-attributable cancer. METHODS State alcohol policy restrictiveness, as measured by a validated policy scale, were related to state rates of six alcohol attributable cancers in the U.S. from 2006 to 2010 in a lagged, cross-sectional linear regression that controlled for a variety of state-level factors. Cancer mortality rates were from the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's Alcohol-Related Disease Impact application, which uses population-attributable fraction methodology to calculate mortality from cancers of the esophagus, larynx, liver, oropharynx, prostate (male only) and breast (female only). RESULTS More restrictive state alcohol policies were associated with lower cancer mortality rates for the six cancer types overall (beta [β] -0.33; 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.59, -0.07), and among men (β -0.45; 95% CI -0.81, -0.10) and women (β -0.21; 95% CI -0.40, -0.02). A 10% increase in the restrictiveness of alcohol policies (based on the mean APS among states) was associated with an 8.5% decrease in rates of combined alcohol-attributable cancers. In all analyses stratified by cancer subtype and sex, the associations were in the hypothesized direction (i.e., more restrictive state policy environments were associated with lower rates of alcohol-attributable cancers), with the exception of laryngeal cancer among women. CONCLUSION Strengthening alcohol policies is a promising prevention strategy for alcohol-related cancer.
Collapse
|
2
|
The maintenance of an oral epithelial barrier. Life Sci 2019; 227:129-136. [PMID: 31002922 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Oral epithelial barrier consists of closely controlled structure of the stratified squamous epithelium, which is the gateway to human bodies and encounters a huge burden of microbial, airborne and dietary antigens, as well as masticatory damage. Once this barrier is destroyed, it will trigger bone loss, tissue damage and microbial dysbiosis and lead to diseases, such as periodontitis, oral mucosal diseases and oral cancer. Recently, increasing evidences showed that different factors including microorganism, saliva, proteins and immune components have been considered to play a critical role in the disruption of oral epithelial barrier. Herein, we discussed mechanisms governing the maintenance of oral epithelial barrier. Besides, the role of oral epithelial barrier failure in oral carcinogenesis will also be talked about.
Collapse
|
3
|
Su WWY, Su CW, Chang DC, Chuang SL, Chen SLS, Hsu CY, Yen AMF, Chiu SYH, Fann JCY, Lee YH, Jeng YC, Lee YC, Chiu HM, Chen THH, Wang CP, Chen MK. Impact of varying anatomic sites on advanced stage and survival of oral cancer: 9-year prospective cohort of 27 717 cases. Head Neck 2019; 41:1475-1483. [PMID: 30652378 DOI: 10.1002/hed.25579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To elucidate the impact of varying anatomic sites on advanced stage of and death from oral cancer. METHODS A total of 27 717 oral cancers mainly from a population-based visual inspection program in Taiwan from 2004 to 2009 was followed until the end of 2012. RESULTS Using lip cancer as reference, the odds ratios (95% confidence interval [CI]) of advanced stage of cancer were 2.20 (1.92-2.51) for tongue, 2.60 (2.28-2.97) for buccal, 2.68 (2.20-3.28) for floor of mouth, 2.96 (2.52-3.47) for hard palate, 6.04 (5.17-7.05) for gingiva, and 10.83 (9.20-12.74) for oropharynx. The estimated hazard ratios (95% CI) for oral cancer death increased from 1.48 (1.31-1.67) in buccal, 1.61 (1.43-1.82) in tongue, 1.68 (1.41-1.99) in floor of mouth, 1.79 (1.57-2.05) in gingiva, 1.97 (1.71-2.26) in hard palate, and 2.15 (1.89-2.45) in oropharynx. CONCLUSION Different anatomic sites had variations in advanced stage of and death from oral cancer and need vigilant surveillance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William Wang-Yu Su
- Division of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Chiu-Wen Su
- Big Data Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Dun-Cheng Chang
- Cancer Research Center, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Lin Chuang
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sam Li-Sheng Chen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Yang Hsu
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Amy Ming-Fang Yen
- School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sherry Yueh-Hsia Chiu
- Department and Graduate Institute of Health Care Management, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Jean Ching-Yuan Fann
- Department and Graduate Institute of Health Care Management, Kainan University, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Huah Lee
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chung Jeng
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chia Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Mo Chiu
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tony Hsiu-Hsi Chen
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ping Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mu-Kuan Chen
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Is there an association between trends in alcohol consumption and cancer mortality? Findings from a multicountry analysis. Eur J Cancer Prev 2017; 28:45-53. [PMID: 28683009 DOI: 10.1097/cej.0000000000000403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this analysis is to examine long-term trends in alcohol consumption and associations with lagged data on specific types of cancer mortality, and indicate policy implications. Data on per capita annual sales of pure alcohol; mortality for three alcohol-related cancers - larynx, esophageal, and lip, oral cavity, and pharynx; and per capita consumption of tobacco products were extracted at the country level. The Unobservable Components Model was used for this time-series analysis to examine the temporal association between alcohol consumption and cancer mortality, using lagged data, from 17 countries. Statistically significant associations were observed between alcohol sales and cancer mortality, in the majority of countries examined, which remained after controlling for tobacco use (P<0.05). Significant associations were observed in countries with increasing, decreasing, or stable trends in alcohol consumption and corresponding lagged trends in alcohol-related cancer mortality. Curtailing overall consumption has potential benefits in reducing a number of harms from alcohol, including cancer mortality. Future research and surveillance are needed to investigate, monitor, and quantify the impact of alcohol control policies on trends in cancer mortality.
Collapse
|