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Li S, Deng P, Chang Q, Feng M, Shang Y, Song Y, Liu Y. In Situ Generation and High Bioresistance of Trityl-based Semiquinone Methide Radicals Under Anaerobic Conditions in Cellular Systems. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202400985. [PMID: 38932665 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Bioreduction of spin labels and polarizing agents (generally stable radicals) has been an obstacle limiting the in-cell applications of pulsed electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP). In this work, we have demonstrated that two semiquinone methide radicals (OXQM⋅ and CTQM⋅) can be easily produced from the trityl-based quinone methides (OXQM and CTQM) via reduction by various reducing agents including biothiols and ascorbate under anaerobic conditions. Both radicals have relatively low pKa's and exhibit EPR single line signals at physiological pH. Moreover, the bioreduction of OXQM in three cell lysates enables quantitative generation of OXQM⋅ which was most likely mediated by flavoenzymes. Importantly, the resulting OXQM⋅ exhibited extremely high stability in the E.coli lysate under anaerobic conditions with 76- and 14.3-fold slower decay kinetics as compared to the trityl OX063 and a gem-diethyl pyrrolidine nitroxide, respectively. Intracellular delivery of OXQM into HeLa cells was also achieved by covalent conjugation with a cell-permeable peptide as evidenced by the stable intracellular EPR signal from the OXQM⋅ moiety. Owing to extremely high resistance of OXQM⋅ towards bioreduction, OXQM and its derivatives show great application potential in in-cell EPR and in-cell DNP studies for various cells which can endure short-term anoxic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Li
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Peng Deng
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Qi Chang
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Meirong Feng
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Yixuan Shang
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Song
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Yangping Liu
- The Province and Ministry Co-Sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
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2
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Yu X, Huang N, Huo Y, Li X, Liu Y, Maruoka K, Chen Q. Photoredox-Mediated Aerobic Oxidative Cleavage of 1,3-Diketones to Access 1,2-Diketones and ( Z)-1,4-Enediones. Org Lett 2024. [PMID: 38175988 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
An aerobic oxidative cleavage of 1,3-diketones under visible light irradiation using an organic dye as a photocatalyst is disclosed. The newly developed reaction provides practical access to 1,2-diketones and (Z)-1,4-enediones in moderate to good yields with absolute regio- and stereoselectivity. Mechanistic studies of the reaction suggest that tetraketone intermediates might undergo a photocatalytic energy transfer from the excited photocatalyst to form biradical-like (n,π*) states of ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Nan Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yanping Huo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xianwei Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yan Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Keiji Maruoka
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Qian Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
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3
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Chen L, Wu L, Tan X, Rockenbauer A, Song Y, Liu Y. Synthesis and Redox Properties of Water-Soluble Asymmetric Trityl Radicals. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8351-8364. [PMID: 34043350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Tetrathiatriarylmethyl (trityl) radicals have been recently shown to react with biological oxidoreductants including glutathione (GSH), ascorbic acid (Asc), and superoxide anion radical (O2•-). However, how the substituents affect the reactivity of trityl radicals is still unknown. In this work, five asymmetric trityl radicals were synthesized and their reactivities with GSH, Asc, and O2•- investigated. Under aerobic conditions, GSH induces fast decays for the thioether- (TSA) and N-methyleneglycine-substituted (TGA) derivatives and slow decay for the 4-carboxyphenyl-containing one (TPA). Under anaerobic conditions, the direct reduction of these radicals by GSH also occurs with rate constants (kGSH) from 1.8 × 10-4 M-1 s-1 for TPA to 1.0 × 10-2 M-1 s-1 for TGA. Moreover, these radicals can also react with O2•- with rate constants (kSO) from 1.2 × 103 M-1 s-1 for ET-01 to 1.6 × 104 M-1 s-1 for TGA. Surprisingly, these radicals are completely inert to Asc in both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Additionally, the substituents exert an important effect on redox potentials of these trityl radicals. This work demonstrates that the redox properties of the trityl radicals strongly depend on their substituents, and TPA with high stability toward GSH shows great potential for intracellular applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Chen
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P. R. China
| | - Lanlan Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Tan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P. R. China
| | - Antal Rockenbauer
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki ut 8, 1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yuguang Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P. R. China
| | - Yangping Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P. R. China
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4
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Fleck N, Heubach CA, Hett T, Haege FR, Bawol PP, Baltruschat H, Schiemann O. SLIM: A Short-Linked, Highly Redox-Stable Trityl Label for High-Sensitivity In-Cell EPR Distance Measurements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9767-9772. [PMID: 32329172 PMCID: PMC7318235 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202004452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The understanding of biomolecular function is coupled to knowledge about the structure and dynamics of these biomolecules, preferably acquired under native conditions. In this regard, pulsed dipolar EPR spectroscopy (PDS) in conjunction with site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) is an important method in the toolbox of biophysical chemistry. However, the currently available spin labels have diverse deficiencies for in-cell applications, for example, low radical stability or long bioconjugation linkers. In this work, a synthesis strategy is introduced for the derivatization of trityl radicals with a maleimide-functionalized methylene group. The resulting trityl spin label, called SLIM, yields narrow distance distributions, enables highly sensitive distance measurements down to concentrations of 90 nm, and shows high stability against reduction. Using this label, the guanine-nucleotide dissociation inhibitor (GDI) domain of Yersinia outer protein O (YopO) is shown to change its conformation within eukaryotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nico Fleck
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnWegelerstr. 1253115BonnGermany
| | - Caspar A. Heubach
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnWegelerstr. 1253115BonnGermany
| | - Tobias Hett
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnWegelerstr. 1253115BonnGermany
| | - Florian R. Haege
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnWegelerstr. 1253115BonnGermany
| | - Pawel P. Bawol
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnRömerstr. 16453117BonnGermany
| | - Helmut Baltruschat
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnRömerstr. 16453117BonnGermany
| | - Olav Schiemann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of BonnWegelerstr. 1253115BonnGermany
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5
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Fleck N, Heubach CA, Hett T, Haege FR, Bawol PP, Baltruschat H, Schiemann O. SLIM: A Short‐Linked, Highly Redox‐Stable Trityl Label for High‐Sensitivity In‐Cell EPR Distance Measurements. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202004452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nico Fleck
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Bonn Wegelerstr. 12 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Caspar A. Heubach
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Bonn Wegelerstr. 12 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Tobias Hett
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Bonn Wegelerstr. 12 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Florian R. Haege
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Bonn Wegelerstr. 12 53115 Bonn Germany
| | - Pawel P. Bawol
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Bonn Römerstr. 164 53117 Bonn Germany
| | - Helmut Baltruschat
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Bonn Römerstr. 164 53117 Bonn Germany
| | - Olav Schiemann
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical ChemistryUniversity of Bonn Wegelerstr. 12 53115 Bonn Germany
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Tan X, Ji K, Wang X, Yao R, Han G, Villamena FA, Zweier JL, Song Y, Rockenbauer A, Liu Y. Discriminative Detection of Biothiols by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy using a Methanethiosulfonate Trityl Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201912832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Tan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Kaiyun Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Ru Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Guifang Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Frederick A. Villamena
- Department of Biological Chemistry and PharmacologyCollege of MedicineThe Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Jay L. Zweier
- Center for Biomedical EPR Spectroscopy and ImagingThe Davis Heart and Lung Research Institutethe Division of Cardiovascular MedicineDepartment of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Yuguang Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
| | - Antal Rockenbauer
- Institute of Materials and Environmental ChemistryResearch Centre for Natural SciencesHungarian Academy of Sciences 1117 Budapest Hungary
- Department of PhysicsBudapest University of Technology and Economics Budafoki ut 8 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - Yangping Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and DiagnosticsSchool of PharmacyTianjin Medical University Tianjin 300070 P. R. China
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7
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Kuzhelev AA, Tormyshev VM, Plyusnin VF, Rogozhnikova OY, Edeleva MV, Veber SL, Bagryanskaya EG. Photochemistry of tris(2,3,5,6-tetrathiaaryl)methyl radicals in various solutions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:1019-1026. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06213k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A detailed mechanism of TAM photolysis was studied and includes photoionization of the TAM radical with the formation of carbocation and further conversion of the carbocation under aerobic conditions into quinone-methide and under anaerobic conditions supposedly into an aromatic carbene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A. Kuzhelev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
| | - Victor M. Tormyshev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Victor F. Plyusnin
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion
- SB RAS
| | - Olga Yu. Rogozhnikova
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
| | - Mariya V. Edeleva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Sergey L. Veber
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- International Tomography Center SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
| | - Elena G. Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS
- Novosibirsk 630090
- Russia
- Novosibirsk State University
- Novosibirsk 630090
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8
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Tan X, Ji K, Wang X, Yao R, Han G, Villamena FA, Zweier JL, Song Y, Rockenbauer A, Liu Y. Discriminative Detection of Biothiols by Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Spectroscopy using a Methanethiosulfonate Trityl Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:928-934. [PMID: 31657108 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201912832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Biothiols, such as glutathione (GSH), homocysteine (Hcy), and cysteine (Cys), coexist in biological systems with diverse biological roles. Thus, analytical techniques that can detect, quantify, and distinguish between multiple biothiols are desirable but challenging. Herein, we demonstrate the simultaneous detection and quantitation of multiple biothiols, including up to three different biothiols in a single sample, using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy and a trityl-radical-based probe (MTST). We term this technique EPR thiol-trapping. MTST could trap thiols through its methanethiosulfonate group to form the corresponding disulfide conjugate with an EPR spectrum characteristic of the trapped thiol. MTST was used to investigate effects of l-buthionine sulfoximine (BSO) and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on the efflux of GSH and Cys from HepG2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Tan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Kaiyun Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Ru Yao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Guifang Han
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Frederick A Villamena
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Jay L Zweier
- Center for Biomedical EPR Spectroscopy and Imaging, The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, the Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210, USA
| | - Yuguang Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
| | - Antal Rockenbauer
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, 1117, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budafoki ut 8, 1111, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Yangping Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, P. R. China
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9
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Site Selective and Efficient Spin Labeling of Proteins with a Maleimide-Functionalized Trityl Radical for Pulsed Dipolar EPR Spectroscopy. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24152735. [PMID: 31357628 PMCID: PMC6696014 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulsed dipolar electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy (PDS) in combination with site-directed spin labeling (SDSL) of proteins and oligonucleotides is a powerful tool in structural biology. Instead of using the commonly employed gem-dimethyl-nitroxide labels, triarylmethyl (trityl) spin labels enable such studies at room temperature, within the cells and with single-frequency electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) experiments. However, it has been repeatedly reported that labeling of proteins with trityl radicals led to low labeling efficiencies, unspecific labeling and label aggregation. Therefore, this work introduces the synthesis and characterization of a maleimide-functionalized trityl spin label and its corresponding labeling protocol for cysteine residues in proteins. The label is highly cysteine-selective, provides high labeling efficiencies and outperforms the previously employed methanethiosulfonate-functionalized trityl label. Finally, the new label is successfully tested in PDS measurements on a set of doubly labeled Yersinia outer protein O (YopO) mutants.
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10
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Hintz H, Vanas A, Klose D, Jeschke G, Godt A. Trityl Radicals with a Combination of the Orthogonal Functional Groups Ethyne and Carboxyl: Synthesis without a Statistical Step and EPR Characterization. J Org Chem 2019; 84:3304-3320. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Henrik Hintz
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Agathe Vanas
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Klose
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Gunnar Jeschke
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Adelheid Godt
- Faculty of Chemistry and Center for Molecular Materials (CM2), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany
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11
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Tan X, Tao S, Liu W, Rockenbauer A, Villamena FA, Zweier JL, Song Y, Liu Y. Synthesis and Characterization of the Perthiatriarylmethyl Radical and Its Dendritic Derivatives with High Sensitivity and Selectivity to Superoxide Radical. Chemistry 2018; 24:6958-6967. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Tan
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of; Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics; School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 P.R. China
| | - Shanqing Tao
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of; Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics; School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 P.R. China
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of; Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics; School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 P.R. China
| | - Antal Rockenbauer
- Institute of Materials and Environmental Chemistry; Hungarian Academy of Sciences and; Department of Physics; Budapest University of Technology and Economics; Budafoki ut 8 1111 Budapest Hungary
| | - Frederick A. Villamena
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Pharmacology; College of Medicine; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Jay L. Zweier
- Center for Biomedical EPR Spectroscopy and Imaging; The Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute; Division of Cardiovascular Medicine; Department of Internal Medicine; The Ohio State University; Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Yuguang Song
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of; Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics; School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 P.R. China
| | - Yangping Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory on Technologies Enabling Development of; Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics; School of Pharmacy; Tianjin Medical University; Tianjin 300070 P.R. China
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