1
|
Miao X, Hong J, Huang S, Ding L, Wang F, Liu M, Zhang Q, Jin H. Vertically-Aligned Card-House Structure for Composite Solid Polymer Electrolyte with Fast and Stable Ion Transport Channels. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310912. [PMID: 38438937 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
All-solid-state lithium batteries (ASSLBs) are highly promising as next-generation energy storage devices owing to their potential for great safety and high energy density. This work demonstrates that composite solid polymer electrolyte with vertically-aligned card-house structure can simultaneously improve the high rate and long-term cycling performance of ASSLBs. The vertical alignment of laponite nanosheets creates fast and uniform Li+ ion transport channels at the nanosheets/polymer interphase, resulting in high ionic conductivity of 8.9 × 10-4 S cm-1 and Li+ transference number of 0.32 at 60 °C, as well as uniformly distributed solid electrolyte interphase. Such electrolyte is characterized by high mechanical strength, low flammability, excellent structural stability and stable ion transport channels. In addition, the ASSLB cell with the electrolyte and LiFePO4 cathode delivers a high discharge specific capacity of 124.8 mAh g-1, which accounts for 85.6% of its initial capacity after 500 cycles at 1C. The reasonable design through structural control strategy by interconnecting the vertically-aligned nanosheets open a way to fabricate high performance composite solid polymer electrolytes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xunzhi Miao
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jianhe Hong
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Liye Ding
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Min Liu
- HYLi Create Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Quanquan Zhang
- HYLi Create Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Suzhou, 215000, China
| | - Hongyun Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Sheng L, He X, Xu H. Advances in nanoporous materials for next-generation battery applications. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:13373-13385. [PMID: 38958068 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr02050b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, nanoporous materials, mainly represented by metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and covalent organic frameworks (COFs), have shown unparalleled potential in critical applications such as energy storage, gas separation and catalysis. The integration of MOFs/COFs into battery technology has garnered substantial research attention since it was found that such materials also play important roles in batteries. The highly controllable nanoporous features of MOFs/COFs enable the regulation of the solvation environment of lithium ions, thereby significantly improving the performance of lithium metal batteries. Moreover, the selective adsorption features of MOFs/COFs make them particularly useful for stabilising high nickel cathodes and sulfur cathodes. This review provides an overview of the application of MOFs/COFs in batteries, and explores potential future directions and challenges in this rapidly evolving interdisciplinary field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Sheng
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Xiangming He
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | - Hong Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pradhan A, Nishimura S, Kondo Y, Kaneko T, Katayama Y, Sodeyama K, Yamada Y. Stabilization of lithium metal in concentrated electrolytes: effects of electrode potential and solid electrolyte interphase formation. Faraday Discuss 2024. [PMID: 39016534 DOI: 10.1039/d4fd00038b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal negative electrodes have attracted wide attention for high-energy-density batteries. However, their low coulombic efficiency (CE) due to parasitic electrolyte reduction has been an alarming concern. Concentrated electrolytes are one of the promising concepts that can stabilize the Li metal/electrolyte interface, thus increasing the CE; however, its mechanism has remained controversial. In this work, we used a combination of LiN(SO2F)2 (LiFSI) and weakly solvating 1,2-diethoxyethane (DEE) as a model electrolyte to study how its liquid structure changes upon increasing salt concentration and how it is linked to the Li plating/stripping CE. Based on previous works, we focused on the Li electrode potential (ELi with reference to the redox potential of ferrocene) and solid-electrolyte-interphase (SEI) formation. Although ELi shows a different trend with DEE compared to conventional 1,2-dimethoxyethane (DME), which is accounted for by different ion-pair states of Li+ and FSI-, the ELi-CE plots overlap for both electrolytes, suggesting that ELi is one of the dominant factors of the CE. On the other hand, the extensive ion pairing results in the upward shift of the FSI- reduction potential, as demonstrated both experimentally and theoretically, which promotes the FSI--derived inorganic SEI. Both ELi and SEI contribute to increasing the Li plating/stripping CE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Pradhan
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
| | - Shoma Nishimura
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
| | - Yasuyuki Kondo
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
| | - Tomoaki Kaneko
- Department of Computational Science and Technology, Research Organization for Information Science and Technology (RIST), 1-18-16, Hamamatsucho, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-0013, Japan
| | - Yu Katayama
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
| | - Keitaro Sodeyama
- Center for Basic Research on Materials, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1, Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yuki Yamada
- SANKEN, Osaka University, 8-1, Mihogaoka, Ibaraki, Osaka 567-0047, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Choi G, Jang HS, Kim H, Nguyen TM, Choi J, Suk J, Myung JS, Kim SH. Lithiophilic Multichannel Layer to Simultaneously Control the Li-Ion Flux and Li Nucleation for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:36204-36214. [PMID: 38973635 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Although the Li metal has been gaining attention as a promising anode material for the next-generation high-energy-density rechargeable batteries owing to its high theoretical specific capacity (3860 mAh g-1), its practical use remains challenging owing to inherent issues related to Li nucleation and growth. This paper reports the fabrication of a lithiophilic multichannel layer (LML) that enables the simultaneous control of Li nucleation and growth in Li-metal batteries. The LML, composed of lithiophilic ceramic composite nanoparticles (Ag-plated Al2O3 particles), is fabricated using the electroless plating method. This LML provides numerous channels for a uniform Li-ion diffusion on a nonwoven separator. Furthermore, the lithiophilic Ag on the Li metal anode surface facing the LML induces a low overpotential during Li nucleation, resulting in a dense Li deposition. The LML enables the LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2|| Li cells to maintain a capacity higher than 75% after 100 cycles, even at high charge/discharge rates of 5.0 C at a cutoff voltage of 4.4 V, and achieve an ultrahigh energy density of 1164 Wh kg-1. These results demonstrate that the LML is a promising solution enabling the application of Li metal as an anode material in the next-generation Li-ion batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gwangjin Choi
- Department of Convergent Energy Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Hun Soo Jang
- Materials Digitalization Center, Korea Institute of Ceramic Engineering and Technology (KICET), Jinju-si, Gyeongsangnam-do 52851, Republic of Korea
| | - Heetae Kim
- Department of Convergent Energy Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Tien Manh Nguyen
- Department of Convergent Energy Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Junyoung Choi
- Department of Convergent Energy Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungdon Suk
- Department of Convergent Energy Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
- Department of Advanced Materials and Chemical Engineering University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Suk Myung
- Chemical Materials Solutions Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Hee Kim
- Department of Convergent Energy Materials, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Huang S, Fan Q, Chen X, Wu Y, Liu L, Yu Z, Xu J. From graphite of used lithium-ion batteries to holey graphite coated by carbon with enhanced lithium storage capability. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 676:197-206. [PMID: 39024820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
The efficient recycling of waste graphite anode from used lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) has attracted considerable concerns mainly owing to the environment protection and reutilization of resources. Herein, we reported a rational and facile strategy for the synthesis of holey graphite coated by carbon (hG0.01@C0.10) through the separation, purification and creation of holey structures of waste graphite by using NaOH and carbon-coating by using phenolic resin. The holey structures facilitate the hG0.01@C0.10 with the quick penetration of electrolytes and rapid diffusion of Li+. The carbon coating is more favorable for hG0.01@C0.10 with improved electronic conductivity and less alleviated volume during the cycles. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of holey structures and carbon coating, the hG0.01@C0.10 as anode for LIBs displays a high reversible capacity of 377.6 mAh g-1 at 0.5 C and superior rate capabilities (e.g., 348.0 and 274.7 mAh g-1 at 1 and 2 C, respectively) and maintains a high reversible capacity of 278.7 mAh g-1 at 1 C after 300 cycles with an initial capacity retention of 80.0 %.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuhan Huang
- School of Environment and Energy, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Qinghua Fan
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Xianghong Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yuheng Wu
- School of Environment and Energy, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Liang Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Zhenwei Yu
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Electronic Materials, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 518100, China
| | - Jiantie Xu
- School of Environment and Energy, National Engineering Laboratory for VOCs Pollution Control Technology and Equipment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; School of Physics and Optoelectronics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Fullerton W, Li CY. Compliant Solid Polymer Electrolytes (SPEs) for Enhanced Anode-Electrolyte Interfacial Stability in All-Solid-State Lithium-Metal Batteries (LMBs). ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2024; 6:7468-7477. [PMID: 39022347 PMCID: PMC11250032 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.4c00806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Practical application of high energy density lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) has remained elusive over the last several decades due to their unstable and dendritic electrodeposition behavior. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) with sufficient elastic modulus have been shown to attenuate dendrite growth and extend cycle life. Among different polymer architectures, network SPEs have demonstrated promising overall performance in cells using lithium metal anodes. However, fine-tuning network structures to attain adequate lithium electrode interfacial contact and stable electrodeposition behavior at extended cycling remains a challenge. In this work, we designed a series of comb-chain cross-linker-based network SPEs with tunable compliance by introducing free dangling chains into the SPE network. These dangling chains were used to tune the SPE ionic conductivity, ductility, and compliance. Our results demonstrate that increasing network compliance and ductility improves anode-electrolyte interfacial adhesion and reduces voltage hysteresis. SPEs with 56.3 wt % free dangling chain content showed a high Coulombic efficiency of 93.4% and a symmetric cell cycle life 1.9× that of SPEs without free chains. Additionally, the improved anode compliance of these SPEs led to reduced anode-electrolyte interfacial resistance growth and greater capacity retention at 92.8% when cycled at 1C in Li|SPE|LiFePO4 half cells for 275 cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- William
R. Fullerton
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Christopher Y. Li
- Department of Materials Science
and Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Yang SJ, Yuan H, Yao N, Hu JK, Wang XL, Wen R, Liu J, Huang JQ. Intrinsically Safe Lithium Metal Batteries Enabled by Thermo-Electrochemical Compatible In Situ Polymerized Solid-State Electrolytes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2405086. [PMID: 38940367 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202405086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
In situ polymerized solid-state electrolytes have attracted much attention due to high Li-ion conductivity, conformal interface contact, and low interface resistance, but are plagued by lithium dendrite, interface degradation, and inferior thermal stability, which thereby leads to limited lifespan and severe safety hazards for high-energy lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, an in situ polymerized electrolyte is proposed by copolymerization of 1,3-dioxolane with 1,3,5-tri glycidyl isocyanurate (TGIC) as a cross-linking agent, which realizes a synergy of battery thermal safety and interface compatibility with Li anode. Functional TGIC enhances the electrolyte polymeric level. The unique carbon-formation mechanism facilitates flame retardancy and eliminates the battery fire risk. In the meantime, TGIC-derived inorganic-rich interphase inhibits interface side reactions and promotes uniform Li plating. Intrinsically safe LMBs with nonflammability and outstanding electrochemical performances under extreme temperatures (130 °C) are achieved. This functional polymer design shows a promising prospect for the development of safe LMBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Jie Yang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Hong Yuan
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jiang-Kui Hu
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xi-Long Wang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Rui Wen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and Nanotechnology, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jia Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Lignocellulosic Chemistry, College of Materials Science and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lan Y, Xiang L, Zhou J, Jiang S, Ge Y, Wang C, Tan S, Wu Y. Thermal Warning and Shut-down of Lithium Metal Batteries Based on Thermoresponsive Electrolytes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2400953. [PMID: 38885424 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202400953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
The thermal runaway issue represents a long-standing obstacle that retards large-scale applications of lithium metal batteries. Various approaches to inhibit thermal runaway suffer from some intrinsic drawbacks, either being irreversible or delayed thermal protection. Herein, this work has explored thermo-responsive lower critical solution temperature (LCST) ionic liquid-based electrolytes, which provides reversible overheating protection for batteries with warning and shut-down stages, well corresponding to an initial stage of thermal runaway process. The batteries could function stably below 70 °C as a working mode, while demonstrating a warning mode above 80 °C with a noticeable reduction in specific capacitance to delay temperature increase of batteries. In terms of 110 °C as a critically dangerous temperature, a shut-down mode is designed to minimize the thermal energy releasing as the batteries are barely chargeable and dischargeable. Dynamically growing polymeric particles above LCST contributed to such an intelligent and mild control on specific capacitance. Larger size will occupy larger surfaces of electrodes and close more pores of separators, enabling a gradual suppressing of Li+ transfer and reactions. The present work demonstrated a scientific design of thermoresponsive LCST electrolytes with a superiorly precise and intelligent control of electrochemical performances to achieve self-adapted overheating protections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueyang Lan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1 Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Liujie Xiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1 Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Junyu Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1 Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Sheng Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1 Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yifan Ge
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1 Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Caihong Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1 Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Shuai Tan
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1 Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Yong Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, No.24 South Section 1 Yihuan Road, Chengdu, 610065, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Chen J, Lu H, Kong X, Liu J, Liu J, Yang J, Nuli Y, Wang J. Interphase Engineering via Solvent Molecule Chemistry for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317923. [PMID: 38536212 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Lithium metal battery has been regarded as promising next-generation battery system aiming for higher energy density. However, the lithium metal anode suffers severe side-reaction and dendrite issues. Its electrochemical performance is significantly dependant on the electrolyte components and solvation structure. Herein, a series of fluorinated ethers are synthesized with weak-solvation ability owing to the duple steric effect derived from the designed longer carbon chain and methine group. The electrolyte solvation structure rich in AGGs (97.96 %) enables remarkable CE of 99.71 % (25 °C) as well as high CE of 98.56 % even at -20 °C. Moreover, the lithium-sulfur battery exhibits excellent performance in a wide temperature range (-20 to 50 °C) ascribed to the modified interphase rich in LiF/LiO2. Furthermore, the pouch cell delivers superior energy density of 344.4 Wh kg-1 and maintains 80 % capacity retention after 50 cycles. The novel solvent design via molecule chemistry provides alternative strategy to adjust solvation structure and thus favors high-energy density lithium metal batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Huichao Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xirui Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon-Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon-Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, Xinjiang, P. R. China
| | - Jiqiong Liu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Yanna Nuli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Jiulin Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemistry and Utilization of Carbon-Based Energy Resources, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, 830046, Xinjiang, P. R. China
- Sichuan Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Chengdu, 610218, P. R. China Corresponding Author: Jiulin Wang
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pham TD, Kim J, Oh HM, Kwak K, Lee KK. Synergistic Effects of Bisalt Additives in High-Voltage Rechargeable Lithium Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400636. [PMID: 38828662 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The stability of high-energy-density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) heavily relies on the composition of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on lithium metal anodes. In this study, the inorganic-rich SEI layer was achieved by incorporating bisalts additives into carbonate-based electrolytes. Within this SEI layer, the presence of LiF, polythionate, and Li3N was observed, generated by combining 1.0 м lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide in ethylene carbonate: ethyl methyl carbonate:dimethyl carbonate in a 1 : 1 : 1 volume ratio, with the addition of 2 wt% lithium difluorophosphate and 2 wt% lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate additives (EL-DO). Furthermore, this formulation effectively mitigated corrosion of aluminum current collectors. EL-DO exhibited outstanding performance, including an average coulombic efficiency of 98.2 % in Li||Cu cells and a stable discharge capacity of approximately 162 mAh g-1 after 200 cycles in a Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811) configuration. Moreover, EL-DO displayed the potential to enhance the performance not only of LMBs but also of lithium-ion batteries. In the case of Gr||NCM811 cell using EL-DO, it consistently maintained high discharge capacities, even achieving around 135 mAh g-1 after the 100th cycle, surpassing the performance of other electrolytes. This study underscores the synergistic impact of bisalts additives in elevating the performance of lithium batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Duong Pham
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Phenikaa University, Hanoi, 10000, Vietnam
| | - Junam Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk, 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Hye Min Oh
- Department of Physics, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk, 54150, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyungwon Kwak
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Koo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kunsan National University, Gunsan, Jeonbuk, 54150, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Su H, Li J, Zhong Y, Liu Y, Gao X, Kuang J, Wang M, Lin C, Wang X, Tu J. A scalable Li-Al-Cl stratified structure for stable all-solid-state lithium metal batteries. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4202. [PMID: 38760354 PMCID: PMC11101657 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48585-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Sulfides are promising electrolyte materials for all-solid-state Li metal batteries due to their high ionic conductivity and machinability. However, compatibility issues at the negative electrode/sulfide electrolyte interface hinder their practical implementation. Despite previous studies have proposed considerable strategies to improve the negative electrode/sulfide electrolyte interfacial stability, industrial-scale engineering solutions remain elusive. Here, we introduce a scalable Li-Al-Cl stratified structure, formed through the strain-activated separating behavior of thermodynamically unfavorable Li/Li9Al4 and Li/LiCl interfaces, to stabilize the negative electrode/sulfide electrolyte interface. In the Li-Al-Cl stratified structure, Li9Al4 and LiCl are enriched at the surface to serve as a robust solid electrolyte interphase and are diluted in bulk by Li metal to construct a skeleton. Enabled by its unique structural characteristic, the Li-Al-Cl stratified structure significantly enhances the stability of negative electrode/sulfide electrolyte interface. This work reports a strain-activated phase separation phenomenon and proposes a practical pathway for negative electrode/sulfide electrolyte interface engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Su
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingru Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xuhong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Juner Kuang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Minkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chunxi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiangping Tu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor Materials, Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Applications for Batteries of Zhejiang Province, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhou P, Zhou H, Xia Y, Feng Q, Kong X, Hou WH, Ou Y, Song X, Zhou HY, Zhang W, Lu Y, Liu F, Cao Q, Liu H, Yan S, Liu K. Rational Lithium Salt Molecule Tuning for Fast Charging/Discharging Lithium Metal Battery. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316717. [PMID: 38477147 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
The electrolytes for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are plagued by a low Li+ transference number (T+) of conventional lithium salts and inability to form a stable solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Here, we synthesized a self-folded lithium salt, lithium 2-[2-(2-methoxy ethoxy)ethoxy]ethanesulfonyl(trifluoromethanesulfonyl) imide (LiETFSI), and comparatively studied with its structure analogue, lithium 1,1,1-trifluoro-N-[2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy)]ethyl]methanesulfonamide (LiFEA). The special anion chemistry imparts the following new characteristics: i) In both LiFEA and LiETFSI, the ethylene oxide moiety efficiently captures Li+, resulting in a self-folded structure and high T+ around 0.8. ii) For LiFEA, a Li-N bond (2.069 Å) is revealed by single crystal X-ray diffraction, indicating that the FEA anion possesses a high donor number (DN) and thus an intensive interphase "self-cleaning" function for an ultra-thin and compact SEI. iii) Starting from LiFEA, an electron-withdrawing sulfone group is introduced near the N atom. The distance of Li-N is tuned from 2.069 Å in LiFEA to 4.367 Å in LiETFSI. This alteration enhances ionic separation, achieves a more balanced DN, and tunes the self-cleaning intensity for a reinforced SEI. Consequently, the fast charging/discharging capability of LMBs is progressively improved. This rationally tuned anion chemistry reshapes the interactions among Li+, anions, and solvents, presenting new prospects for advanced LMBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Haiyu Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yingchun Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qingqing Feng
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Xian Kong
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Emergent Soft Matter, South China University of Technology, 510006, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Hui Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yu Ou
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Xuan Song
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Hang-Yu Zhou
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Weili Zhang
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Yang Lu
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Fengxiang Liu
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Qingbin Cao
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Hao Liu
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Shuaishuai Yan
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Kai Liu
- Hefei institute for Public Safety Research, Tsinghua University, 230601, Hefei, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Tan S, Kuai D, Yu Z, Perez-Beltran S, Rahman MM, Xia K, Wang N, Chen Y, Yang XQ, Xiao J, Liu J, Cui Y, Bao Z, Balbuena PB, Hu E. Evolution and Interplay of Lithium Metal Interphase Components Revealed by Experimental and Theoretical Studies. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:11711-11718. [PMID: 38632847 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMB) have high energy densities and are crucial for clean energy solutions. The characterization of the lithium metal interphase is fundamentally and practically important but technically challenging. Taking advantage of synchrotron X-ray, which has the unique capability of analyzing crystalline/amorphous phases quantitatively with statistical significance, we study the composition and dynamics of the LMB interphase for a newly developed important LMB electrolyte that is based on fluorinated ether. Pair distribution function analysis revealed the sequential roles of the anion and solvent in interphase formation during cycling. The relative ratio between Li2O and LiF first increases and then decreases during cycling, suggesting suppressed Li2O formation in both initial and long extended cycles. Theoretical studies revealed that in initial cycles, this is due to the energy barriers in many-electron transfer. In long extended cycles, the anion decomposition product Li2O encourages solvent decomposition by facilitating solvent adsorption on Li2O which is followed by concurrent depletion of both. This work highlights the important role of Li2O in transitioning from an anion-derived interphase to a solvent-derived one.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sha Tan
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Dacheng Kuai
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Zhiao Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Saul Perez-Beltran
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | | | - Kangxuan Xia
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Nan Wang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Yuelang Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xiao-Qing Yang
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Jie Xiao
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Jun Liu
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Yi Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Stanford Institute for Materials and Energy Sciences, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Zhenan Bao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Perla B Balbuena
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Enyuan Hu
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Deng C, Yang B, Liang Y, Zhao Y, Gui B, Hou C, Shang Y, Zhang J, Song T, Gong X, Chen N, Wu F, Chen R. Bipolar Polymeric Protective Layer for Dendrite-Free and Corrosion-Resistant Lithium Metal Anode in Ethylene Carbonate Electrolyte. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202400619. [PMID: 38403860 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202400619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The unstable interface between Li metal and ethylene carbonate (EC)-based electrolytes triggers continuous side reactions and uncontrolled dendrite growth, significantly impacting the lifespan of Li metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, a bipolar polymeric protective layer (BPPL) is developed using cyanoethyl (-CH2CH2C≡N) and hydroxyl (-OH) polar groups, aiming to prevent EC-induced corrosion and facilitating rapid, uniform Li+ ion transport. Hydrogen-bonding interactions between -OH and EC facilitates the Li+ desolvation process and effectively traps free EC molecules, thereby eliminating parasitic reactions. Meanwhile, the -CH2CH2C≡N group anchors TFSI- anions through ion-dipole interactions, enhancing Li+ transport and eliminating concentration polarization, ultimately suppressing the growth of Li dendrite. This BPPL enabling Li|Li cell stable cycling over 750 cycles at 10 mA cm-2 for 2 mAh cm-2. The Li|LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 and Li|LiFePO4 full cells display superior electrochemical performance. The BPPL provides a practical strategy to enhanced stability and performance in LMBs application.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chenglong Deng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Binbin Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yaohui Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Boshun Gui
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chuanyu Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanxin Shang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Jinxiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Tinglu Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Xuzhong Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
| | - Feng Wu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Renjie Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
- Advanced Technology Research Institute, Beijing Institute of Technology, Jinan, 250300, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Electric Vehicles in Beijing, Beijing, 100081, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sun Y, Li J, Xu S, Zhou H, Guo S. Molecular Engineering toward Robust Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Lithium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2311687. [PMID: 38081135 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202311687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-metal batteries (LMBs) with high energy density are becoming increasingly important in global sustainability initiatives. However, uncontrollable dendrite seeds, inscrutable interfacial chemistry, and repetitively formed solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) have severely hindered the advancement of LMBs. Organic molecules have been ingeniously engineered to construct targeted SEI and effectively minimize the above issues. In this review, multiple organic molecules, including polymer, fluorinated molecules, and organosulfur, are comprehensively summarized and insights into how to construct the corresponding elastic, fluorine-rich, and organosulfur-containing SEIs are provided. A variety of meticulously selected cases are analyzed in depth to support the arguments of molecular design in SEI. Specifically, the evolution of organic molecules-derived SEI is discussed and corresponding design principles are proposed, which are beneficial in guiding researchers to understand and architect SEI based on organic molecules. This review provides a design guideline for constructing organic molecule-derived SEI and will inspire more researchers to concentrate on the exploitation of LMBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Jingchang Li
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Sheng Xu
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Haoshen Zhou
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
| | - Shaohua Guo
- College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China
- Lab of Power and Energy Storage Batteries, Shenzhen Research Institute of Nanjing University, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Zhang W, Zheng J, Ren Z, Wang J, Luo J, Wang Y, Tao X, Liu T. Anode-Free Sodium Metal Pouch Cell Using Cu 3P Nanowires In Situ Grown on Current Collector. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2310347. [PMID: 38174663 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Anode-free sodium metal battery (AFSMB) promises high energy density but suffers from the difficulty of maintaining high cycling stability. Nonuniform sodium (Na) deposition on the current collector is largely responsible for capacity decay in the cycling process of AFSMB. Here, a unique copper phosphide (Cu3P) nanowire is constructed on copper (Cu3P@Cu) as a sodium deposition substrate by an in situ growth method. Superior electrochemical performance of Cu3P@Cu anode is delivered in asymmetric cells with an average Coulombic efficiency of 99.8% for over 800 cycles at 1 mA cm-2 with 1 mA h cm-2. The symmetric cell of Cu3P@Cu displayed a cycling lifespan of over 2000 h at 2 mA cm-2 with 1 mA h cm-2. Cryo-transmission electron microscope characterization and first principles calculation revealed that the low Na+ absorption energy and low Na+ diffusion energy barrier on Na3P promoted uniform Na nucleation and deposition, thus enhancing the Na surface stability. Moreover, anode-free Na3V2(PO4)3//Cu3P@Cu full pouch cell delivered a considerable cycling capacity of ≈15 mA h in 170 cycles, demonstrating its practical feasibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wu Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
- Quzhou Institute of Power Battery and Grid Energy Storage, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Jiale Zheng
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Ziang Ren
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Juncheng Wang
- Quzhou Institute of Power Battery and Grid Energy Storage, Quzhou, 324000, China
| | - Jianmin Luo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Yao Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Xinyong Tao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, China
| | - Tiefeng Liu
- Quzhou Institute of Power Battery and Grid Energy Storage, Quzhou, 324000, China
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Goloviznina K, Serva A, Salanne M. Formation of Polymer-like Nanochains with Short Lithium-Lithium Distances in a Water-in-Salt Electrolyte. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:8142-8148. [PMID: 38486506 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Water-in-salts (WiSs) have recently emerged as promising electrolytes for energy storage applications ranging from aqueous batteries to supercapacitors. Here, ab initio molecular dynamics is used to study the structure of a 21 m LiTFSI WiS. The simulation reveals a new feature, in which the lithium ions form polymer-like nanochains that involve up to 10 ions. Despite the strong Coulombic interaction between them, the ions in the chains are found at a distance of 2.5 Å. They show a drastically different solvation shell compared to that of the isolated ions, in which they share on average two water molecules. The nanochains have a highly transient character due to the low free energy barrier for forming/breaking them. Providing new insights into the nanostructure of WiS electrolytes, our work calls for reevaluating our current knowledge of highly concentrated electrolytes and the impact of the modification of the solvation of active species on their electrochemical performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kateryna Goloviznina
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens, Cedex, France
| | - Alessandra Serva
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens, Cedex, France
| | - Mathieu Salanne
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Physicochimie des Électrolytes et Nanosystèmes Interfaciaux, F-75005 Paris, France
- Réseau sur le Stockage Electrochimique de l'Energie (RS2E), FR CNRS 3459, 80039 Amiens, Cedex, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wang Y, Yang X, Meng Y, Wen Z, Han R, Hu X, Sun B, Kang F, Li B, Zhou D, Wang C, Wang G. Fluorine Chemistry in Rechargeable Batteries: Challenges, Progress, and Perspectives. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3494-3589. [PMID: 38478597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The renewable energy industry demands rechargeable batteries that can be manufactured at low cost using abundant resources while offering high energy density, good safety, wide operating temperature windows, and long lifespans. Utilizing fluorine chemistry to redesign battery configurations/components is considered a critical strategy to fulfill these requirements due to the natural abundance, robust bond strength, and extraordinary electronegativity of fluorine and the high free energy of fluoride formation, which enables the fluorinated components with cost effectiveness, nonflammability, and intrinsic stability. In particular, fluorinated materials and electrode|electrolyte interphases have been demonstrated to significantly affect reaction reversibility/kinetics, safety, and temperature tolerance of rechargeable batteries. However, the underlining principles governing material design and the mechanistic insights of interphases at the atomic level have been largely overlooked. This review covers a wide range of topics from the exploration of fluorine-containing electrodes, fluorinated electrolyte constituents, and other fluorinated battery components for metal-ion shuttle batteries to constructing fluoride-ion batteries, dual-ion batteries, and other new chemistries. In doing so, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure-property interactions, the features of fluorinated interphases, and cutting-edge techniques for elucidating the role of fluorine chemistry in rechargeable batteries. Further, we present current challenges and promising strategies for employing fluorine chemistry, aiming to advance the electrochemical performance, wide temperature operation, and safety attributes of rechargeable batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xu Yang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Yuefeng Meng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zuxin Wen
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Ran Han
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xia Hu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Bing Sun
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Li
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Guoxiu Wang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Ye X, Wang T, Wen J, Yu Q, Chen Y, Cai K, Luo W. A Stable Matrix Assisting Highly Compatible and Maintainable Lithium-Garnet Interface for Solid-State Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400036. [PMID: 38529774 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Solid-state Li metal batteries (SSLMBs) are attractive due to their capability to simultaneously offer high energy density and high-level safety when combining Li metal anodes, solid-state electrolytes (SSEs), and high-voltage cathodes together. However, SSLMBs may well incur short circuits caused by Li dendrites penetrations, which mainly originate from the instability and poor contact between Li metal and SSEs. Herein, by taking full advantage of the reaction products of Li and Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3 (LATP), a lithium-LATP composite anode (Li-LATP) is obtained, in which a stable matrix is formed to enhance the contact between Li and the garnet-type SSEs, alleviating the volume change and preserving an intact interface during the charge/discharge process. Consequently, the Li-LATP/garnet/Li-LATP symmetric cell displays a fairly low interfacial resistance of 6 Ω cm2 and stable cycling performance for over 2500 h with a low overpotential. Furthermore, the LiCoO2/garnet/Li-LATP full cell also shows a high discharge capacity of 159 mAh g-1 and great cycling performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolu Ye
- Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Tengrui Wang
- Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Jiayun Wen
- Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Qian Yu
- Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Yuwei Chen
- Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Kefeng Cai
- Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang D, Gu R, Yang Y, Ge J, Xu J, Xu Q, Shi P, Liu M, Guo Z, Min Y. Sulfonyl Molecules Induced Oriented Lithium Deposition for Long-Term Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315122. [PMID: 38311601 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Dendrites growth and unstable interfacial Li+ transport hinder the practical application of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Herein, we report an active layer of 2,4,6-trihydroxy benzene sulfonyl fluorine on copper substrate that induces oriented Li+ deposition and generates highly crystalline solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) to achieve high-performance LMBs. The lithiophilic -SO2 - groups of highly crystalline SEI accept the rapidly transported Li+ ions and form a dense inner layer of LiF and Li3 N, which regulate Li+ plating morphology along the (110) crystal surface toward dendrite-free Li anode. Thus, Li||Cu cells with lithiophilic SEI achieve an average deposition efficiency of 99.8 % after 700 cycles, and Li||Li cells operate well for 1100 h. Besides, Li||LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 cells with modified SEI exhibit a capacity retention that is 14 times than that of conventional SEI. Even at -60 °C, Li||Cu cells reach stable deposition efficiency of 83.2 % after 100 cycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Da Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Rong Gu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Yunxu Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Jiaqi Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Jinting Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Qunjie Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Penghui Shi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
| | - Mingxian Liu
- Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, P. R. China
| | - Zaiping Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering and Advanced Materials, the, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia
| | - Yulin Min
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Materials Protection and Advanced Materials Electric Power, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai, 200090, P. R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lan K, Zhang X, Yang X, Hou Q, Yuan R, Zheng M, Fan J, Qiu X, Dong Q. A Hybrid-Salt Strategy for Modulating the Li + Solvation Sheathes and Constructing Robust SEI in Non-Flammable Electrolyte Lithium Metal Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024:e202400210. [PMID: 38511253 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The electrode interface determines the performance of an electrochemical energy storage system. Using traditional electrolyte organic additives and high-concentration electrolyte emerging recently are two generally strategies for improving the electrode interface. Here, a hybrid-salt electrolyte strategy is proposed for constructing the stable electrode interface. Through the solubilization effect of phosphate ester on LiNO3, a hybrid-salts-based non-flammable phosphate ester electrolyte system (HSPE) with LiPF6 and LiNO3 as Li salts has been developed. By the strong interaction between NO3 - and Li+, the Li+ solvation sheath and solvent behaviors have been modulated, thus the undesirable effects of phosphate ester are eliminated and a robust SEI is formed. Experimental results and theoretical calculations illustrate that NO3 - as a kind of strongly coordinating anion can reduce the number of TEP molecules and lower the reduction reactivity of TEP. The reconfigured Li+ solvation structure allows the formation of an inorganic-rich SEI on the electrode surface. As a result, in the designed HSPE, the average coulombic efficiency of lithium plating/stripping is increased to 99.12 %. This work explored a new approach to construct the electrode interface and addressing the poor interface performance issue of phosphate esters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Lan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Xinan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Xinxin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Qing Hou
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Ruming Yuan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Mingseng Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Jingmin Fan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| | - Xinping Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Quanfeng Dong
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361005, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang H, Yang Y, Gao C, Chen T, Song J, Zuo Y, Fang Q, Yang T, Xiao W, Zhang K, Wang X, Xia D. An entanglement association polymer electrolyte for Li-metal batteries. Nat Commun 2024; 15:2500. [PMID: 38509078 PMCID: PMC10954637 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46883-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
To improve the interface stability between Li-rich Mn-based oxide cathodes and electrolytes, it is necessary to develop new polymer electrolytes. Here, we report an entanglement association polymer electrolyte (PVFH-PVCA) based on a poly (vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVFH) matrix and a copolymer stabilizer (PVCA) prepared from acrylonitrile, maleic anhydride, and vinylene carbonate. The entangled structure of the PVFH-PVCA electrolyte imparts excellent mechanical properties and eliminates the stress arising from dendrite growth during cycling and forms a stable interface layer, enabling Li//Li symmetric cells to cycle steadily for more than 4500 h at 8 mA cm-2. The PVCA acts as a stabilizer to promote the formation of an electrochemically robust cathode-electrolyte interphase. It delivers a high specific capacity and excellent cycling stability with 84.7% capacity retention after 400 cycles. Li1.2Mn0.56Ni0.16Co0.08O2/PVFH-PVCA/Li full cell achieved 125 cycles at 1 C (4.8 V cut-off) with a stable discharge capacity of ~2.5 mAh cm-2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hangchao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yali Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Chuan Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Jin Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yuxuan Zuo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Qiu Fang
- Institute of carbon neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Tonghuan Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Wukun Xiao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Institute of carbon neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Electron Microscopy, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.
- College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Dingguo Xia
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology for Advanced Batteries Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
- Institute of carbon neutrality, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Wu LQ, Li Z, Fan ZY, Li K, Li J, Huang D, Li A, Yang Y, Xie W, Zhao Q. Unveiling the Role of Fluorination in Hexacyclic Coordinated Ether Electrolytes for High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5964-5976. [PMID: 38381843 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c11798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Fluorinated ethers have become promising electrolyte solvent candidates for lithium metal batteries (LMBs) because they are endowed with high oxidative stability and high Coulombic efficiencies of lithium metal stripping/plating. Up to now, most reported fluorinated ether electrolytes are -CF3-based, and the influence of ion solvation in modifying degree of fluorination has not been well-elucidated. In this work, we synthesize a hexacyclic coordinated ether (1-methoxy-3-ethoxypropane, EMP) and its fluorinated ether counterparts with -CH2F (F1EMP), -CHF2 (F2EMP), or -CF3 (F3EMP) as terminal group. With lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide as single salt, the solvation structure, Li-ion transport behavior, lithium deposition kinetics, and high-voltage stability of the electrolytes were systematically studied. Theoretical calculations and spectra reveal the gradually reduced solvating power from nonfluorinated EMP to fully fluorinated F3EMP, which leads to decreased ionic conductivity. In contrast, the weakly solvating fluorinated ethers possess higher Li+ transference number and exchange current density. Overall, partially fluorinated -CHF2 is demonstrated as the desired group. Further full cell testing using high-voltage (4.4 V) and high-loading (3.885 mAh cm-2) LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode demonstrates that F2EMP electrolyte enables 80% capacity retention after 168 cycles under limited Li (50 μm) and lean electrolyte (5 mL Ah-1) conditions and 129 cycles under extremely lean electrolyte (1.8 mL Ah-1) and the anode-free conditions. This work deepens the fundamental understanding on the ion transport and interphase dynamics under various degrees of fluorination and provides a feasible approach toward the design of fluorinated ether electrolytes for practical high-voltage LMBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Qing Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhe Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Fan
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Kun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jia Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Dubin Huang
- Beijing Golden Feather New Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Aijun Li
- Beijing Golden Feather New Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Beijing Golden Feather New Energy Technology Co., Ltd, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Weiwei Xie
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Weeks JA, Burrow JN, Diao J, Paul-Orecchio AG, Srinivasan HS, Vaidyula RR, Dolocan A, Henkelman G, Mullins CB. In Situ Engineering of Inorganic-Rich Solid Electrolyte Interphases via Anion Choice Enables Stable, Lithium Anodes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305645. [PMID: 37670536 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of liquid battery electrolytes that facilitate the formation of stable solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs) to mitigate dendrite formation is imperative to enable lithium anodes in next-generation energy-dense batteries. Compared to traditional electrolyte solvents, tetrahydrofuran (THF)-based electrolyte systems have demonstrated great success in enabling high-stability lithium anodes by encouraging the decomposition of anions (instead of organic solvent) and thus generating inorganic-rich SEIs. Herein, by employing a variety of different lithium salts (i.e., LiPF6, LiTFSI, LiFSI, and LiDFOB), it is demonstrated that electrolyte anions modulate the inorganic composition and resulting properties of the SEI. Through novel analytical time-of-flight secondary-ion mass spectrometry methods, such as hierarchical clustering of depth profiles and compositional analysis using integrated yields, the chemical composition and morphology of the SEIs generated from each electrolyte system are examined. Notably, the LiDFOB electrolyte provides an exceptionally stable system to enable lithium anodes, delivering >1500 cycles at a current density of 0.5 mAh g-1 and a capacity of 0.5 mAh g-1 in symmetrical cells. Furthermore, Li//LFP cells using this electrolyte demonstrate high-rate, reversible lithium storage, supplying 139 mAh g(LFP) -1 at C/2 (≈0.991 mAh cm-2 , @ 0.61 mA cm-2 ) with 87.5% capacity retention over 300 cycles (average Coulombic efficiency >99.86%).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jason A Weeks
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA
| | - James N Burrow
- John J. McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1589, USA
| | - Jiefeng Diao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | | | - Hrishikesh S Srinivasan
- John J. McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1589, USA
| | - Rinish Reddy Vaidyula
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA
| | - Andrei Dolocan
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1591, USA
| | - Graeme Henkelman
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA
- Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - C Buddie Mullins
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1224, USA
- John J. McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1589, USA
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712-1591, USA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Tomich A, Chen J, Carta V, Guo J, Lavallo V. Electrolyte Engineering with Carboranes for Next-Generation Mg Batteries. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:264-271. [PMID: 38435510 PMCID: PMC10906036 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
To realize an energy storage transition beyond Li-ion competitive technologies, earth-abundant elements, such as Mg, are needed. Carborane anions are particularly well-suited to realizing magnesium-ion batteries (MIBs), as their inert and weakly coordinating properties beget excellent electrolyte performance. However, utilizing these materials in actual electrochemical cells has been hampered by the reliance on the Mg2+ salts of the commercially available [HCB11H11]- anion, which is not soluble in more weakly binding solvents apart from the higher glymes. Herein, we demonstrate it is possible to iteratively engineer the [HCB11H11]- anion surface synthetically to address previous solubility issues and yield a highly conductive (up to 7.33 mS cm-1) and electrochemically stable (up to +4.2 V vs Mg2+/0) magnesium electrolyte that surpasses the state of the art. This novel non-nucleophilic electrolyte exhibits highly dissociative behavior regardless of concentration and is tolerant of prolonged periods of cycling in symmetric cells at high current densities (up to 2.0 mA cm-2, 400 h). The hydrocarbon functionalized carborane electrolyte presented here demonstrates >96% Coulombic efficiency when paired with a Mo6S8 cathode. This approach realizes a needed candidate to discover next-generation cathode materials that can enable the design of practical and commercially viable Mg batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anton
W. Tomich
- Department
of Chemistry University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Veronica Carta
- Department
of Chemistry University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Juchen Guo
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Vincent Lavallo
- Department
of Chemistry University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sanchez AJ, Dasgupta NP. Lithium Metal Anodes: Advancing our Mechanistic Understanding of Cycling Phenomena in Liquid and Solid Electrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:4282-4300. [PMID: 38335271 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c05715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Lithium metal anodes have the potential to be a disruptive technology for next-generation batteries with high energy densities, but their electrochemical performance is limited by a lack of fundamental understanding into the mechanistic origins that underpin their poor reversibility, morphological evolution (including dendrite growth), and interfacial instability. The goal of this perspective is to summarize the current state-of-the-art understanding of these phenomena, and highlight knowledge gaps where additional research is needed. The various stages of cycling are described sequentially, including nucleation, growth, open-circuit rest periods, and electrodissolution (stripping). A direct comparison of lessons learned from liquid and solid-state electrolyte systems is made throughout the discussion, providing cross-cutting insights between these research communities. Major themes of the discussion include electro-chemo-mechanical coupling, insights from in situ/operando analysis, and the interplay between experimental observations and computational modeling. Finally, a series of fundamental research questions are proposed to identify critical knowledge gaps and inform future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian J Sanchez
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Neil P Dasgupta
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
He R, Deng K, Mo D, Guan X, Hu Y, Yang K, Yan Z, Xie H. Active Diluent-Anion Synergy Strategy Regulating Nonflammable Electrolytes for High-Efficiency Li Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317176. [PMID: 38168476 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
High-energy Li metal batteries (LMBs) consisting of Li metal anodes and high-voltage cathodes are promising candidates of the next generation energy-storage systems owing to their ultrahigh energy density. However, it is still challenging to develop high-voltage nonflammable electrolytes with superior anode and cathode compatibility for LMBs. Here, we propose an active diluent-anion synergy strategy to achieve outstanding compatibility with Li metal anodes and high-voltage cathodes by using 1,2-difluorobenzene (DFB) with high activity for yielding LiF as an active diluent to regulate nonflammable dimethylacetamide (DMAC)-based localized high concentration electrolyte (LHCE-DFB). DFB and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (FSI- ) anion cooperate to construct robust LiF-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) and cathode electrolyte interphase (CEI), which effectively stabilize DMAC from intrinsic reactions with Li metal anode and enhance the interfacial stability of the Li metal anodes and LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 (NCM811) cathodes. LHCE-DFB enables ultrahigh Coulombic efficiency (98.7 %), dendrite-free, extremely stable and long-term cycling of Li metal anodes in Li || Cu cells and Li || Li cells. The fabricated NCM811 || Li cells with LHCE-DFB display remarkably enhanced long-term cycling stability and excellent rate capability. This work provides a promising active diluent-anion synergy strategy for designing high-voltage electrolytes for high-energy batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ran He
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, P. R. China
| | - Kuirong Deng
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, P. R. China
| | - Daize Mo
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, P. R. China
| | - Xiongcong Guan
- School of Applied Physics and Materials, Wuyi University, Jiangmen, 529020, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Hu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agriculture University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Kai Yang
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Shandong Agriculture University, Tai'an, Shandong, 271018, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Yan
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, 310003, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Jie Y, Tang C, Xu Y, Guo Y, Li W, Chen Y, Jia H, Zhang J, Yang M, Cao R, Lu Y, Cho J, Jiao S. Progress and Perspectives on the Development of Pouch-Type Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202307802. [PMID: 37515479 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202307802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) are the "holy grail" in the energy storage field due to their high energy density (theoretically >500 Wh kg-1 ). Recently, tremendous efforts have been made to promote the research & development (R&D) of pouch-type LMBs toward practical application. This article aims to provide a comprehensive and in-depth review of recent progress on pouch-type LMBs from full cell aspect, and to offer insights to guide its future development. It will review pouch-type LMBs using both liquid and solid-state electrolytes, and cover topics related to both Li and cathode (including LiNix Coy Mn1-x-y O2 , S and O2 ) as both electrodes impact the battery performance. The key performance criteria of pouch-type LMBs and their relationship in between are introduced first, then the major challenges facing the development of pouch-type LMBs are discussed in detail, especially those severely aggravated in pouch cells compared with coin cells. Subsequently, the recent progress on mechanistic understandings of the degradation of pouch-type LMBs is summarized, followed with the practical strategies that have been utilized to address these issues and to improve the key performance criteria of pouch-type LMBs. In the end, it provides perspectives on advancing the R&Ds of pouch-type LMBs towards their application in practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yulin Jie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Chao Tang
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
- Ningde Amperex Technology limited (ATL), Ningde, Fujian, 352100, China
| | - Yaolin Xu
- Department of Electrochemical Energy Storage (CE-AEES), Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie (HZB), Hahn-Meitner-Platz 1, 14109, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA-02139, USA
| | - Youzhang Guo
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Wanxia Li
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yawei Chen
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Haojun Jia
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA-02139, USA
| | - Jing Zhang
- Science and Technology on Power Sources Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Power Sources, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Science and Technology on Power Sources Laboratory, Tianjin Institute of Power Sources, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Ruiguo Cao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yuhao Lu
- Ningde Amperex Technology limited (ATL), Ningde, Fujian, 352100, China
| | - Jaephil Cho
- Department of Energy Engineering, School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, South Korea
| | - Shuhong Jiao
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jing C, Dai K, Liu D, Wang W, Chen L, Zhang C, Wei W. Crosslinked solubilizer enables nitrate-enriched carbonate polymer electrolytes for stable, high-voltage lithium metal batteries. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2024; 69:209-217. [PMID: 38007330 DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2023.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
High-voltage lithium metal batteries (LMBs) have been considered promising next-generation high-energy-density batteries. However, commercial carbonate electrolytes can scarcely be employed in LMBs owing to their poor compatibility with metallic lithium. N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMAA)-a crosslinkable solubilizer with a high Gutmann donor number-is employed to facilitate the dissolution of insoluble lithium nitrate (LiNO3) in carbonate-based electrolytes and to form gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) through in situ polymerization. The Li+ solvation structure of the GPEs is regulated using LiNO3 and DMAA, which suppresses the decomposition of LiPF6 and facilitates the formation of an inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface. Consequently, the Coulombic efficiency (CE) of the Li||Cu cell assembled with a GPE increases to 98.5% at room temperature, and the high-voltage Li||NCM622 cell achieves a capacity retention of 80.1% with a high CE of 99.5% after 400 cycles. The bifunctional polymer electrolytes are anticipated to pave the way for next-generation high-voltage LMBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuyang Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Kuan Dai
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan 411104, China
| | - Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wenran Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Libao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Chunxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| | - Weifeng Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zeng H, Yu K, Li J, Yuan M, Wang J, Wang Q, Lai A, Jiang Y, Yan X, Zhang G, Xu H, Wang J, Huang W, Wang C, Deng Y, Chi SS. Beyond LiF: Tailoring Li 2O-Dominated Solid Electrolyte Interphase for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries. ACS NANO 2024; 18:1969-1981. [PMID: 38206167 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The components and structures of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) are critical for stable cycling of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). LiF has been widely studied as the dominant component of SEI, but Li2O, which has a much lower diffusion barrier for Li+, has rarely been investigated as the dominant component of SEI. The effect of Li2O-dominated SEI on electrochemical performance still remains elusive. Herein, an ultrastrong coordinated cosolvation diluent, 2,3-difluoroethoxybenzene (DFEB), is designed to modulate solvation structure and tailor Li2O-dominated SEI for stable LMBs. In the DFEB-based LHCE (DFEB-LHCE), DFEB intensively participates in the first solvation shell and synergizes with FSI- to tailor an Li2O-dominated inorganic-rich SEI which is different from the LiF-dominated SEI formed in conventional LHCE. Benefiting from this special SEI architecture, a high Coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.58% in Li||Cu half cells, stable voltage profiles, and dense and uniform lithium deposition, as well as effective inhibition of Li dendrite formation in the symmetrical cell, are achieved. More importantly, the DFEB-LHCE can be matched with various cathodes such as LFP, NCM811, and S cathodes, and the Li||LFP full cell using DFEB-LHCE possesses 85% capacity retention after 650 stable cycles with 99.9% CE. Especially the 1.5 Ah practical lithium metal pouch cell achieves an excellent capacity retention of 89% after 250 cycles with a superb average CE of 99.93%. This work unravels the superiority of the Li2O-dominated SEI and the feasibility of tailoring SEI components through modulation of solvation structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huipeng Zeng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Yu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Corrosion and Bio-Fouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingman Yuan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingrong Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Anjie Lai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Yidong Jiang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Yan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangzhao Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongli Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- National Center for Applied Mathematics Shenzhen (NCAMS, Digital Economy Research Center─DeFin), College of Business, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Chaoyang Wang
- Research Institute of Materials Science, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Deng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Shang-Sen Chi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wu Y, Wang C, Wang C, Zhang Y, Liu J, Jin Y, Wang H, Zhang Q. Recent progress in SEI engineering for boosting Li metal anodes. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2024; 11:388-407. [PMID: 37975715 DOI: 10.1039/d3mh01434g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal anodes (LMAs) are ideal anode candidates for achieving next-generation high-energy-density battery systems due to their high theoretical capacity (3680 mA h g-1) and low working potential (-3.04 V versus the standard hydrogen electrode). However, the non-ideal solid electrolyte interface (SEI) derived from electrolyte/electrode interfacial reactions plays a vital role in the lithium deposition/stripping process and battery cycling performance. The composition and morphology of a SEI, which is sensitive to the outside environment, make it difficult to characterize and understand. With the development of characterization techniques, the mechanism, composition, and structure of a SEI can be better understood. In this review, the mechanism formation, the structure model evolution, and the composition of a SEI are briefly presented. Moreover, the development of in situ characterization techniques in recent years is introduced to better understand a SEI followed by the properties of the SEI, which are beneficial to the battery performance. Furthermore, recent optimization strategies of the SEI including the improvement of intrinsic SEIs and construction of artificial SEIs are summarized. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives of SEI research are summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wu
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
| | - Ce Wang
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
| | - Chengjie Wang
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
| | - Jingbing Liu
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
| | - Yuhong Jin
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
| | - Hao Wang
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- Key Laboratory for New Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials and Manufacturing, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Sheng L, Zhu D, Yang K, Wu Y, Wang L, Wang J, Xu H, He X. Unraveling the Hydrolysis Mechanism of LiPF 6 in Electrolyte of Lithium Ion Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:533-540. [PMID: 37982685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Lithium hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6) has been the dominant conducting salt in lithium-ion battery (LIB) electrolytes for decades; however, it is extremely unstable in even trace water (ppm level). Interestingly, in pure water, PF6- does not undergo hydrolysis. Hereby, we present a fresh understanding of the mechanism involved in PF6- hydrolysis through theoretical and experimental explorations. In water, PF6- is found to be solvated by water, and this solvation greatly improved its hydrolytic stability; while in the electrolyte, it is forced to "float" due to the dissociation of its counterbalance ions. Its hydrolytic susceptibility arises from insufficient solvation-induced charge accumulation and high activity in electrophilic reactions with acidic species. Tuning the solvation environment, even by counterintuitively adding more water, could suppress PF6- hydrolysis. The undesired solvation of PF6- anions was attributed to the perennial LIB electrolyte system, and our findings are expected to inspire new thoughts regarding its design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Sheng
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Da Zhu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Kai Yang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yingqiang Wu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Li Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Hong Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiangming He
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Zhang X, Xu P, Duan J, Lin X, Sun J, Shi W, Xu H, Dou W, Zheng Q, Yuan R, Wang J, Zhang Y, Yu S, Chen Z, Zheng M, Gohy JF, Dong Q, Vlad A. A dicarbonate solvent electrolyte for high performance 5 V-Class Lithium-based batteries. Nat Commun 2024; 15:536. [PMID: 38225282 PMCID: PMC10789778 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-44858-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Rechargeable lithium batteries using 5 V positive electrode materials can deliver considerably higher energy density as compared to state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries. However, their development remains plagued by the lack of electrolytes with concurrent anodic stability and Li metal compatibility. Here we report a new electrolyte based on dimethyl 2,5-dioxahexanedioate solvent for 5 V-class batteries. Benefiting from the particular chemical structure, weak interaction with lithium cation and resultant peculiar solvation structure, the resulting electrolyte not only enables stable, dendrite-free lithium plating-stripping, but also displays anodic stability up to 5.2 V (vs. Li/Li+), in additive or co-solvent-free formulation, and at low salt concentration of 1 M. Consequently, the Li | |LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 cells using the 1 M LiPF6 in 2,5-dioxahexanedioate based electrolyte retain >97% of the initial capacity after 250 cycles, outperforming the conventional carbonate-based electrolyte formulations, making this, and potentially other dicarbonate solvents promising for future Lithium-based battery practical explorations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozhe Zhang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - Pan Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jianing Duan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Xiaodong Lin
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium.
| | - Juanjuan Sun
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Wenjie Shi
- Institute for New Energy Materials & Low Carbon Technologies, School of Material Science & Engineering, School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin, 300384, China
| | - Hewei Xu
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - Wenjie Dou
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Qingyi Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Ruming Yuan
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jiande Wang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - Yan Zhang
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - Shanshan Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Zehan Chen
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - Mingsen Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Jean-François Gohy
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - Quanfeng Dong
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM), State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Engineering Research Centre of Electrochemical Technologies of Ministry of Education, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China.
| | - Alexandru Vlad
- Institute of Condensed Matter and Nanosciences, Molecular Chemistry, Materials and Catalysis, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Liu X, Mariani A, Diemant T, Di Pietro ME, Dong X, Mele A, Passerini S. Reinforcing the Electrode/Electrolyte Interphases of Lithium Metal Batteries Employing Locally Concentrated Ionic Liquid Electrolytes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309062. [PMID: 37956687 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with nickel-rich cathodes are promising candidates for next-generation high-energy-density batteries, but the lack of sufficiently protective electrode/electrolyte interphases (EEIs) limits their cyclability. Herein, trifluoromethoxybenzene is proposed as a cosolvent for locally concentrated ionic liquid electrolytes (LCILEs) to reinforce the EEIs. With a comparative study of a neat ionic liquid electrolyte (ILE) and three LCILEs employing fluorobenzene, trifluoromethylbenzene, or trifluoromethoxybenzene as cosolvents, it is revealed that the fluorinated groups tethered to the benzene ring of the cosolvents not only affect the electrolytes' ionic conductivity and fluidity, but also the EEIs' composition via adjusting the contribution of the 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cation (Emim+ ) and bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide anion. Trifluoromethoxybenzene, as the optimal cosolvent, leads to a stable cycling of LMBs employing 5 mAh cm-2 lithium metal anodes (LMAs), 21 mg cm-2 LiNi0.8 Co0.15 Al0.05 (NCA) cathodes, and 4.2 µL mAh-1 electrolytes for 150 cycles with a remarkable capacity retention of 71%, thanks to a solid electrolyte interphase rich in inorganic species on LMAs and, particularly, a uniform cathode/electrolyte interphase rich in Emim+ -derived species on NCA cathodes. By contrast, the capacity retention under the same condition is only 16%, 46%, and 18% for the neat ILE and the LCILEs based on fluorobenzene and benzotrifluoride, respectively.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Liu
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Thomas Diemant
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Maria Enrica Di Pietro
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan, I-20133, Italy
| | - Xu Dong
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrea Mele
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, Milan, I-20133, Italy
| | - Stefano Passerini
- Helmholtz Institute Ulm (HIU), Helmholtzstraße 11, D-89081, Ulm, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Biosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), P.O. Box 3640, D-76021, Karlsruhe, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome, I-00185, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Su CC, Wu X, Amine K, Bracamonte MV. Probing the Effectiveness in Stabilizing Lithium Metal Anodes through Functional Additives. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:59016-59024. [PMID: 38061011 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
A variety of electrolyte additives were comprehensively evaluated to understand their relative capability in stabilizing lithium metal anode. Although the Li||Cu test is an effective test to rule out ineffective additives, a reliable assessment of individual additives cannot be obtained just by a single evaluation method. Therefore, various methods must be combined to truly assess the stabilization of a lithium anode. Moreover, it was also discovered that a significant depletion of electrolytes occurred during the end-of-life of the lithium batteries, which partially contributed to the sudden failure of the lithium batteries during cycling. However, the main culprit of the sudden failure was identified as the significant increase in the resistance of the lithium metal anode. When used as an additive, cyclic fluorinated carbonates are the most effective in stabilizing the lithium anode and improving the cycling performance of lithium batteries among all the common additives. Despite its cost-effectiveness, the additive in the conventional electrolyte approach provides insufficient protection for lithium metal due to the complete consumption of the additive materials, which is necessary to repair the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI). Therefore, it is suggested that a larger ratio (>15 wt %) of the SEI former should be employed to achieve effective lithium stabilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Cheung Su
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Xianyang Wu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Khalil Amine
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - María Victoria Bracamonte
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 S. Cass Avenue, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
- Enrique Gaviola Institute of Physics (IFEG), Faculty of Mathematics, Astronomy, Physics and Computing, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Medina Allende s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Córdoba 5000, Argentina
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sun S, Wang K, Hong Z, Zhi M, Zhang K, Xu J. Electrolyte Design for Low-Temperature Li-Metal Batteries: Challenges and Prospects. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2023; 16:35. [PMID: 38019309 PMCID: PMC10687327 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-023-01245-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyte design holds the greatest opportunity for the development of batteries that are capable of sub-zero temperature operation. To get the most energy storage out of the battery at low temperatures, improvements in electrolyte chemistry need to be coupled with optimized electrode materials and tailored electrolyte/electrode interphases. Herein, this review critically outlines electrolytes' limiting factors, including reduced ionic conductivity, large de-solvation energy, sluggish charge transfer, and slow Li-ion transportation across the electrolyte/electrode interphases, which affect the low-temperature performance of Li-metal batteries. Detailed theoretical derivations that explain the explicit influence of temperature on battery performance are presented to deepen understanding. Emerging improvement strategies from the aspects of electrolyte design and electrolyte/electrode interphase engineering are summarized and rigorously compared. Perspectives on future research are proposed to guide the ongoing exploration for better low-temperature Li-metal batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Sun
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Kehan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanglian Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingjia Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Power Sources, Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jijian Xu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland College Park, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Gu Y, Yan H, Wang WW, Zhang XG, Yan J, Mao BW. Unraveling the Mechanism of Very Initial Dendritic Growth Under Lithium Ion Transport Control in Lithium Metal Anodes. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:9872-9879. [PMID: 37856869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal deposition is strongly affected by the intrinsic properties of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) and working electrolyte, but a relevant understanding is far from complete. Here, by employing multiple electrochemical techniques and the design of SEI and electrolyte, we elucidate the electrochemistry of Li deposition under mass transport control. It is discovered that SEIs with a lower Li ion transference number and/or conductivity induce a distinctive current transition even under moderate potentiostatic polarization, which is associated with the control regime transition of Li ion transport from the SEI to the electrolyte. Furthermore, our findings help reveal the creation of a space-charge layer at the electrode/SEI interface due to the involvement of the diffusion process of Li ions through the SEI, which promotes the formation of dendrite embryos that develop and eventually trigger SEI breakage and the control regime transition of Li ion transport. Our insight into the very initial dendritic growth mechanism offers a bridge toward design and control for superior SEIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Xia-Guang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing-Wei Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Piao Z, Wu X, Ren HR, Lu G, Gao R, Zhou G, Cheng HM. A Semisolvated Sole-Solvent Electrolyte for High-Voltage Lithium Metal Batteries. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:24260-24271. [PMID: 37886822 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) coupled with a high-voltage Ni-rich cathode are promising for meeting the increasing demand for high energy density. However, aggressive electrode chemistry imposes ultimate requirements on the electrolytes used. Among the various optimized electrolytes investigated, localized high-concentration electrolytes (LHCEs) have excellent reversibility against a lithium metal anode. However, because they consist of thermally and electrochemically unstable solvents, they have inferior stability at elevated temperatures and high cutoff voltages. Here we report a semisolvated sole-solvent electrolyte to construct a typical LHCE solvation structure but with significantly improved stability using one bifunctional solvent. The designed electrolyte exhibits exceptional stability against both electrodes with suppressed lithium dendrite growth, phase transition, microcracking, and transition metal dissolution. A Li||Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cell with this electrolyte operates stably over a wide temperature range from -20 to 60 °C and has a high capacity retention of 95.6% after the 100th cycle at 4.7 V, and ∼80% of the initial capacity is retained even after 180 cycles. This new electrolyte indicates a new path toward future electrolyte engineering and safe high-voltage LMBs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihong Piao
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xinru Wu
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hong-Rui Ren
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gongxun Lu
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Runhua Gao
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guangmin Zhou
- Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute & Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hui-Ming Cheng
- Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering/Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Nie Q, Luo W, Li Y, Yang C, Pei H, Guo R, Wang W, Ajdari FB, Song J. Research Progress of Liquid Electrolytes for Lithium Metal Batteries at High Temperatures. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302690. [PMID: 37475485 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are the most promising high energy density energy storage technologies for electric vehicles, military, and aerospace applications. LMBs require further improvement to operate efficiently when chronically or routinely exposed to high temperatures. Electrolyte engineering with high temperature tolerance and electrode compatibility has been essential to the development of LMBs. In this review, the primary obstacles to achieving high-temperature LMBs are first explored. Subsequently, electrolyte tailoring options, such as lithium salt optimization, solvation structure modification, and the addition of additives are reviewed in detail. In addition, the feasibility of utilizing LMBs at high temperatures has been investigated. In conclusion, this study provides insights and perspectives for future research on electrolyte design at high temperatures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qianna Nie
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Wenlei Luo
- National innovation institute of defense technology, Academy of military science, Beijing, 100071, P. R. China
| | - Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Haijuan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Rui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power Sources, Shanghai, 200245, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| | - Farshad Boorboor Ajdari
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
- Institute of Nano Science and Nano Technology, University of Kashan, P. O. Box. 87317-51167, Kashan, Iran
| | - Jiangxuan Song
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710049, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Gao YC, Yao N, Chen X, Yu L, Zhang R, Zhang Q. Data-Driven Insight into the Reductive Stability of Ion-Solvent Complexes in Lithium Battery Electrolytes. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:23764-23770. [PMID: 37703183 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c08346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Lithium (Li) metal batteries (LMBs) are regarded as one of the most promising energy storage systems due to their ultrahigh theoretical energy density. However, the high reactivity of the Li anodes leads to the decomposition of the electrolytes, presenting a huge impediment to the practical application of LMBs. The routine trial-and-error methods are inefficient in designing highly stable solvent molecules for the Li metal anode. Herein, a data-driven approach is proposed to probe the origin of the reductive stability of solvents and accelerate the molecular design for advanced electrolytes. A large database of potential solvent molecules is first constructed using a graph theory-based algorithm and then comprehensively investigated by both first-principles calculations and machine learning (ML) methods. The reductive stability of 99% of the electrolytes decreases under the dominance of ion-solvent complexes, according to the analysis of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO). The LUMO energy level is related to the binding energy, bond length, and orbital ratio factors. An interpretable ML method based on Shapley additive explanations identifies the dipole moment and molecular radius as the most critical descriptors affecting the reductive stability of coordinated solvents. This work not only affords fruitful data-driven insight into the ion-solvent chemistry but also unveils the critical molecular descriptors in regulating the solvent's reductive stability, which accelerates the rational design of advanced electrolyte molecules for next-generation Li batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Nan Yao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiang Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Legeng Yu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Beijing Huairou Laboratory, Beijing 101400, China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Choi J, Shin KH, Han YK. Origin of Li + Solvation Ability of Electrolyte Solvent: Ring Strain. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6995. [PMID: 37959592 PMCID: PMC10650738 DOI: 10.3390/ma16216995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Developing new organic solvents to support the use of Li metal anodes in secondary batteries is an area of great interest. In particular, research is actively underway to improve battery performance by introducing fluorine to ether solvents, as these are highly compatible with Li metal anodes because fluorine imparts high oxidative stability and relatively low Li-ion solvation ability. However, theoretical analysis of the solvation ability of organic solvents mostly focuses on the electron-withdrawing capability of fluorine. Herein, we analyze the effect of the structural characteristics of solvents on their Li+ ion solvation ability from a computational chemistry perspective. We reveal that the structural constraints imposed on the oxygen binding sites in solvent molecules vary depending on the structural characteristics of the N-membered ring formed by the interaction between the organic solvent and Li+ ions and the internal ring containing the oxygen binding sites. We demonstrate that the structural strain of the organic solvents has a comparable effect on Li+ solvation ability seen for the electrical properties of fluorine elements. This work emphasizes the importance of understanding the structural characteristics and strain when attempting to understand the interactions between solvents and metal cations and effectively control the solvation ability of solvents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jihoon Choi
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Advanced Energy and Electronic Materials Research Center, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyoung-Hee Shin
- ESS Laboratory, Korea Institute of Energy Research, 102 Gajeong-ro, Daejeon 34129, Republic of Korea;
| | - Young-Kyu Han
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Advanced Energy and Electronic Materials Research Center, Dongguk University-Seoul, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea;
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li H, Yang H, Ai X. Routes to Electrochemically Stable Sulfur Cathodes for Practical Li-S Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2305038. [PMID: 37867204 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
Lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries have been investigated intensively as a post-Li-ion technology in the past decade; however, their realizable energy density and cycling performance are still far from satisfaction for commercial development. Although many extremely high-capacity and cycle-stable S cathodes and Li anodes are reported in literature, their use for practical Li-S batteries remains challenging due to the huge gap between the laboratory research and industrial applications. The laboratory research is usually conducted by use of a thin-film electrode with a low sulfur loading and high electrolyte/sulfur (E/S) ratios, while the practical batteries require a thick/high sulfur loading cathode and a low E/S ratio to achieve a desired energy density. To make this clear, the inherent problems of dissolution/deposition mechanism of conventional sulfur cathodes are analyzed from the viewpoint of polarization theory of porous electrode after a brief overview of the recent research progress on sulfur cathodes of Li-S batteries, and the possible strategies for building an electrochemically stable sulfur cathode are discussed for practically viable Li-S batteries from the authors' own understandings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry & Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan, 430200, China
| | - Hanxi Yang
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry & Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| | - Xinping Ai
- Hubei Key Lab of Electrochemical Power Sources, College of Chemistry & Molecular Science, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhang QK, Sun SY, Zhou MY, Hou LP, Liang JL, Yang SJ, Li BQ, Zhang XQ, Huang JQ. Reforming the Uniformity of Solid Electrolyte Interphase by Nanoscale Structure Regulation for Stable Lithium Metal Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202306889. [PMID: 37442815 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202306889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The stability of high-energy-density lithium metal batteries depends on the uniformity of solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on lithium metal anodes. Rationally improving SEI uniformity is hindered by poorly understanding the effect of structure and components of SEI on its uniformity. Herein, a bilayer structure of SEI formed by isosorbide dinitrate (ISDN) additives in localized high-concentration electrolytes was demonstrated to improve SEI uniformity. In the bilayer SEI, LiNx Oy generated by ISDN occupies top layer and LiF dominates bottom layer next to anode. The uniformity of lithium deposition is remarkably improved with the bilayer SEI, mitigating the consumption rate of active lithium and electrolytes. The cycle life of lithium metal batteries with bilayer SEI is three times as that with common anion-derived SEI under practical conditions. A prototype lithium metal pouch cell of 430 Wh kg-1 undergoes 173 cycles. This work demonstrates the effect of a reasonable structure of SEI on reforming SEI uniformity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Kui Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Yu Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Yue Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Li-Peng Hou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical, Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Lin Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Shi-Jie Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Quan Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Xue-Qiang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Jiang Z, Deng Y, Mo J, Zhang Q, Zeng Z, Li Y, Xie J. Switching Reaction Pathway of Medium-Concentration Ether Electrolytes to Achieve 4.5 V Lithium Metal Batteries. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8481-8489. [PMID: 37669545 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/07/2023]
Abstract
Pursuing high-energy-density lithium metal batteries (LMBs) necessitates the advancement of electrolytes. Despite demonstrating high compatibility with lithium metal anodes (LMAs), ether-based electrolytes face challenges in achieving stable cycling at high voltages. Herein, we propose a strategy to enhance the high-voltage stability of medium-concentration (∼1 M) ether electrolytes by altering the reaction pathway of ether solvents. By employing a 1 M lithium difluoro(oxalato)borate in dimethoxyethane (LiDFOB/DME) electrolyte, we observed that LiDFOB displays a pronounced tendency for decomposition over DME, leading to a modification in the decomposition pathway of DME. This modification facilitates the formation of a stable organic-inorganic hybrid interface. Utilizing such an electrolyte, the Li-LCO cell demonstrates a discharge specific capacity of 146 mAh g-1 (5 C) and maintains retention of 86% over 1000 cycles at 2 C under a 4.5 V cutoff voltage. Additionally, the optimized ether electrolyte demonstrated outstanding cycling performance in Li-LCO full cells under practical conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
| | - Yu Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
| | - Jisheng Mo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
| | - Qingan Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
| | - Ziqi Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Green Fabrication and Surface Technology of Advanced Metal Materials of Ministry of Education, Anhui University of Technology, Maanshan 243002, China
| | - Jia Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering and Technology, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Park S, Kim S, Lee JA, Ue M, Choi NS. Liquid electrolyte chemistries for solid electrolyte interphase construction on silicon and lithium-metal anodes. Chem Sci 2023; 14:9996-10024. [PMID: 37772127 PMCID: PMC10530773 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03514j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Next-generation battery development necessitates the coevolution of liquid electrolyte and electrode chemistries, as their erroneous combinations lead to battery failure. In this regard, priority should be given to the alleviation of the volumetric stress experienced by silicon and lithium-metal anodes during cycling and the mitigation of other problems hindering their commercialization. This review summarizes the advances in sacrificial compound-based volumetric stress-adaptable interfacial engineering, which has primarily driven the development of liquid electrolytes for high-performance lithium batteries. Besides, we discuss how the regulation of lithium-ion solvation structures helps expand the range of electrolyte formulations and thus enhance the quality of solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs), improve lithium-ion desolvation kinetics, and realize longer-lasting SEIs on high-capacity anodes. The presented insights are expected to inspire the design and synthesis of next-generation electrolyte materials and accelerate the development of advanced electrode materials for industrial battery applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sewon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Saehun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-A Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| | - Makoto Ue
- Research Organization for Nano & Life Innovation, Waseda University 513 Waseda-tsurumaki-cho Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 162-0041 Japan
| | - Nam-Soon Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Wu LQ, Li Z, Lu Y, Hou JZ, Han HQ, Zhao Q, Chen J. Hexacyclic Chelated Lithium Stable Solvates for Highly Reversible Cycling of High-Voltage Lithium Metal Battery. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202300590. [PMID: 37302979 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202300590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Ether-based electrolytes that are endowed with decent compatibility towards lithium anode have been regarded as promising candidates for constructing energy-dense lithium metal batteries (LMBs), but their applications are hindered by low oxidation stability in conventional salt concentration. Here, we reported that regulating the chelating power and coordination structure can remarkably increase the high-voltage stability of ether-based electrolytes and lifespan of LMBs. Two ether molecules of 1,3-dimethoxypropane (DMP) and 1,3-diethoxypropane (DEP) are designed and synthesized as solvents of electrolytes to replace the traditional ether solvent (1,2-dimethoxyethane, DME). Both computational and spectra reveal that the transition from five- to six-membered chelate solvation structure by adding one methylene on DME results in the formation of weak Li solvates, which increase the reversibility and high-voltage stability in LMBs. Even under lean electrolyte (5 mL Ah-1 ) and low anode to cathode ratio (2.6), the fabricated high-voltage Li||LiNi0.8 Co0.1 Mn0.1 O2 LMBs using electrolyte of 2.30 M Lithiumbisfluorosulfonimide (LiFSI)/DMP still show capacity retention over 90 % after 184 cycles. This work highlights the importance of designing the coordination structures in non-fluorine ether electrolytes for rechargeable batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Qing Wu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Zhe Li
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Yong Lu
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Ze Hou
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Qin Han
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zhao
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China
| | - Jun Chen
- Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Renewable Energy Conversion and Storage Center (RECAST), Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P.R. China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin, 300192, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Zhou P, Hou W, Xia Y, Ou Y, Zhou HY, Zhang W, Lu Y, Song X, Liu F, Cao Q, Liu H, Yan S, Liu K. Tuning and Balancing the Donor Number of Lithium Salts and Solvents for High-Performance Li Metal Anode. ACS NANO 2023; 17:17169-17179. [PMID: 37655688 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
The low reversibility of Li deposition/stripping in conventional carbonate electrolytes hinders the development of lithium metal batteries. Herein, we proposed a combination of solvents with a moderate donor number (DN) and LiNO3 as the sole salt, which has rarely been attempted due to its low solubility or dissociation degree in common solvents. It is found that the DN value of solvents is highly correlated to the reversibility of Li deposition behavior when LiNO3 is applied as the sole salt. The combination of LiNO3 and solvents with moderate DN behaves like a quasi-concentrated electrolyte even at a common or moderate concentration, while neither the solvents with poor solubility and low dissociation for LiNO3 (which usually corresponds to a low DN) nor the solvents with high dissociation for LiNO3 (which usually corresponds to an overly high DN) can achieve a high reversibility for low conductivity or excessive solvent decomposition. As a result, a Coulombic efficiency as high as 99.6% for Li deposition/stripping is achieved with the optimized combination. We believe this work will give a better understanding of the role of anions and solvents in the regulation of the solvation structure, and DN can be utilized as an important guideline to sieve suitable solvents for LiNO3 as the main salt to exhibit intriguing properties beyond traditional cognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenhui Hou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingchun Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hang-Yu Zhou
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Weili Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Lu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Song
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Fengxiang Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingbin Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuaishuai Yan
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Wang XX, Song LN, Zheng LJ, Guan DH, Miao CL, Li JX, Li JY, Xu JJ. Polymers with Intrinsic Microporosity as Solid Ion Conductors for Solid-State Lithium Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202308837. [PMID: 37477109 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202308837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) with high ionic conductivity and superior stability are considered to be a key technology for the safe operation of solid-state lithium batteries. However, current SSEs are incapable of meeting the requirements for practical solid-state lithium batteries. Here we report a general strategy for achieving high-performance SSEs by engineering polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs). Taking advantage of the interconnected ion pathways generated from the ionizable groups, high ionic conductivity (1.06×10-3 S cm-1 at 25 °C) is achieved for the PIMs-based SSEs. The mechanically strong (50.0 MPa) and non-flammable SSEs combine the two superiorities of outstanding Li+ conductivity and electrochemical stability, which can restrain the dendrite growth and prevent Li symmetric batteries from short-circuiting even after more than 2200 h cycling. Benefiting from the rational design of SSEs, PIMs-based SSEs Li-metal batteries can achieve good cycling performance and superior feasibility in a series of withstand abuse tests including bending, cutting, and penetration. Moreover, the PIMs-based SSEs endow high specific capacity (11307 mAh g-1 ) and long-term discharge/charge stability (247 cycles) for solid-state Li-O2 batteries. The PIMs-based SSEs present a powerful strategy for enabling safe operation of high-energy solid-state batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Li-Na Song
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Li-Jun Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - De-Hui Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Cheng-Lin Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Xin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Jian-You Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
- International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Wu J, Gao Z, Tian Y, Zhao Y, Lin Y, Wang K, Guo H, Pan Y, Wang X, Kang F, Tavajohi N, Fan X, Li B. Unique Tridentate Coordination Tailored Solvation Sheath Toward Highly Stable Lithium Metal Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303347. [PMID: 37272714 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Electrolyte optimization by solvent molecule design is recognized as an effective approach for stabilizing lithium (Li) metal batteries. However, the coordination pattern of Li ions (Li+ ) with solvent molecules is sparsely considered. Here, an electrolyte design strategy is reported based on bi/tridentate chelation of Li+ and solvent to tune the solvation structure. As a proof of concept, a novel solvent with multi-oxygen coordination sites is demonstrated to facilitate the formation of an anion-aggregated solvation shell, enhancing the interfacial stability and de-solvation kinetics. As a result, the as-developed electrolyte exhibits ultra-stable cycling over 1400 h in symmetric cells with 50 µm-thin Li foils. When paired with high-loading LiFePO4 , full cells maintain 92% capacity over 500 cycles and deliver improved electrochemical performances over a wide temperature range from -10 to 60 °C. Furthermore, the concept is validated in a pouch cell (570 mAh), achieving a capacity retention of 99.5% after 100 cycles. This brand-new insight on electrolyte engineering provides guidelines for practical high-performance Li metal batteries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Junru Wu
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Ziyao Gao
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yao Tian
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Yilong Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Kang Wang
- School of Chemistry, National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of MPTES in High Energy and Safety LIBs, Engineering Research Center of MTEES (Ministry of Education) and Key Lab. of ETESPG(GHEI), South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Hexin Guo
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yanfang Pan
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Xianshu Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Lithium-ion Batteries and Materials Preparation Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Battery Materials of Yunnan Province, Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Naser Tavajohi
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, 90187, Sweden
| | - Xiulin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Baohua Li
- Institute of Materials Research, Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Fan Y, Wu T, He M, Chen W, Yan C, Li F, Hu A, Li Y, Wang F, Jiao Y, Zhou M, Wang S, Hu Y, Yan Y, Lei T, Wang X, Xiong J. Achieving Stable Lithium Metal Anode at 50 mA cm -2 Current Density by LiCl Enriched SEI. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2301433. [PMID: 37263991 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202301433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Lithium metal batteries are intensively studied due to the potential to bring up breakthroughs in high energy density devices. However, the inevitable growth of dendrites will cause the rapid failure of battery especially under high current density. Herein, the utilization of tetrachloroethylene (C2 Cl4 ) is reported as the electrolyte additive to induce the formation of the LiCl-rich solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Because of the lower Li ion diffusion barrier of LiCl, such SEI layer can supply sufficient pathway for rapid Li ion transport, alleviate the concentration polarization at the interface and inhibit the growth of Li dendrites. Meanwhile, the C2 Cl4 can be continuously replenished during the cycle to ensure the stability of the SEI layer. With the aid of C2 Cl4 -based electrolyte, the Li metal electrodes can maintain stable for >300 h under high current density of 50 mA cm-2 with areal capacity of 5 mAh cm-2 , broadening the compatibility of lithium metal anode toward practical application scenarios.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Tongwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Miao He
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Chaoyi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Anjun Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yaoyao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Fan Wang
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yu Jiao
- College of Science, Xichang University, Xichang, 615000, China
| | - Mingjie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Shuying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yichao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Tianyu Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xianfu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Jie Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Electronic Thin Film and Integrated Devices, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| |
Collapse
|