1
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Moberg ME, Reid AG, Dickie DA, Machan CW. Pre-equilibrium reactions involving pendent relays improve CO 2 reduction mediated by molecular Cr-based electrocatalysts. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 39189075 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01981d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2024]
Abstract
Homogeneous earth abundant transition-metal electrocatalysts capable of carbon dioxide (CO2) reduction to generate value-added chemical products are a possible strategy to minimize rising anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Previously, it was determined that Cr-centered bipyridine-based N2O2 complexes for CO2 reduction are kinetically limited by a proton-transfer step during C-OH bond cleavage. Therefore, it was hypothesized that the inclusion of pendent relay groups in the secondary coordination sphere of these molecular catalysts could increase their catalytic activity. Here, it is shown that the introduction of a pendent methoxy group favorably impacts a pre-equilibrium protonation prior to the catalytic resting state, resulting in a significant increase in catalytic activity without a loss of product selectivity for generating carbon monoxide (CO) from CO2. Interestingly, combining the pendent methoxy group with a cationic acid causes a positive shift of the catalytic reduction potential of the system, while maintaining increased activity and quantitative selectivity. This work suggests that tuning the secondary coordination sphere with respect to cationic proton sources can result in activity improvements by modifying the kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of proton transfer in the catalytic cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Moberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4319, USA.
| | - Amelia G Reid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4319, USA.
| | - Diane A Dickie
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4319, USA.
| | - Charles W Machan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, PO Box 400319, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4319, USA.
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2
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Mandal SK, Choudhury J. Three-Way Control on Product Selectivity in Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction Reaction Using a Single Molecular Co-NHC Catalyst. Inorg Chem 2024. [PMID: 39175416 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c02276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
For a long time, molecular electrocatalysts have been developed to reduce CO2 efficiently to value-added products such as CO and HCO2H, along with H2; however, selectivity remained as a major issue. Recent work toward addressing this issue showed that several different catalysts could be used to achieve product selectivity. It is desirable that instead of using different catalysts for specific products, a single catalyst should be able to produce the target products by subtle tuning of the reaction conditions. Toward this objective, herein we presented the organometallic Co electrocatalyst Co-NHCU and successfully utilized it in the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) to produce CO, H2, and HCO2H with notable selectivity. The reduction of CO2 selectively produced CO with 81 ± 2% Faradaic efficiency (FE) in the presence of 5% H2O as a proton source. The selectivity was changed toward H2 with 80 ± 3% FE when 1.5 M triethylamine was added as an additive in the presence of 10% H2O as a proton source. In the presence of 1.0 M morpholine as an external additive, the CO2-saturated solution containing 10% trifluoroethanol as a proton source generates 55 ± 5% HCO2H as the predominant product, with H2 as a competitive side product. It was found that the combined effect of the proton source and the additive in association with the nature of the Co-NHCU catalyst changed the selectivity of the products in this reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanajit Kumar Mandal
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
| | - Joyanta Choudhury
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal 462 066, India
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3
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Yang Y, Zhang C, Zhang C, Shi Y, Li J, Johannessen B, Liang Y, Zhang S, Song Q, Zhang H, Huang J, Ke J, Zhang L, Song Q, Zeng J, Zhang Y, Geng Z, Wang PS, Wang Z, Zeng J, Li F. Ligand-tuning copper in coordination polymers for efficient electrochemical C-C coupling. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6316. [PMID: 39060325 PMCID: PMC11282303 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50791-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Cu catalyses electrochemical CO2 reduction to valuable multicarbon products but understanding the structure-function relationship has remained elusive due to the active Cu sites being heterogenized and under dynamic re-construction during electrolysis. We herein coordinate Cu with six phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole derivatives to form stable coordination polymer catalysts with homogenized, single-site Cu active sites. Electronic structure modelling, X-ray absorption spectroscopy, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy show a widely tuneable Cu electronics by modulating the highest occupied molecular orbital energy of ligands. Using CO diffuse reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, in-situ Raman spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations, we find that the binding strength of *CO intermediate is positively correlated to highest occupied molecular orbital energies of the ligands. As a result, we enable a tuning of C-C coupling efficiency-a parameter we define to evaluate the efficiency of C2 production-in a broad range of 0.26 to 0.86. This work establishes a molecular platform that allows for studying structure-function relationships in CO2 electrolysis and devises new catalyst design strategies appliable to other electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Yang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Chengyi Zhang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Yaohui Shi
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Jun Li
- Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bernt Johannessen
- Australian Synchrotron, Clayton, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Superconducting and Electronic Materials, University of Wollonong, Wollongong, NSW, Australia
| | - Yongxiang Liang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Qiang Song
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Haowei Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jialei Huang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jingwen Ke
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Song
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Jianrong Zeng
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, P.R. China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Geng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Pu-Sheng Wang
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
| | - Ziyun Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
| | - Jie Zeng
- Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, P. R. China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan, Anhui, P. R. China.
| | - Fengwang Li
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and The University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Green Electrochemical Transformation of Carbon Dioxide, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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4
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Hutchison P, Smith LE, Rooney CL, Wang H, Hammes-Schiffer S. Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer Mechanisms for CO 2 Reduction to Methanol Catalyzed by Surface-Immobilized Cobalt Phthalocyanine. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:20230-20240. [PMID: 38984971 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c05444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Immobilized cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) is a highly promising architecture for the six-proton, six-electron reduction of CO2 to methanol. This electroreduction process relies on proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) reactions that can occur by sequential or concerted mechanisms. Immobilization on a conductive support such as carbon nanotubes or graphitic flakes can fundamentally alter the PCET mechanisms. We use density functional theory (DFT) calculations of CoPc adsorbed on an explicit graphitic surface model to investigate intermediates in the electroreduction of CO2 to methanol. Our calculations show that the alignment of the CoPc and graphitic electronic states influences the reductive chemistry. These calculations also distinguish between charging the graphitic surface and reducing the CoPc and adsorbed intermediates as electrons are added to the system. This analysis allows us to identify the chemical transformations that are likely to be concerted PCET, defined for these systems as the mechanism in which protonation of a CO2 reduction intermediate is accompanied by electron abstraction from the graphitic surface to the adsorbate without thermodynamically stable intermediates. This work establishes a mechanistic pathway for methanol production that is consistent with experimental observations and provides fundamental insight into how immobilization of the CoPc impacts its CO2 reduction chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillips Hutchison
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Logan E Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Conor L Rooney
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Hailiang Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Sharon Hammes-Schiffer
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
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5
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Barakat M, Elhajj S, Yazji R, Miller AJM, Hasanayn F. Kinetic Isotope Effects and the Mechanism of CO 2 Insertion into the Metal-Hydride Bond of fac-(bpy)Re(CO) 3H. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:12133-12145. [PMID: 38901030 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The 1,2-insertion reaction of CO2 into metal-hydride bonds of d6-octahedral complexes to give κ1-O-metal-formate products is the key step in various CO2 reduction schemes and as a result has attracted extensive mechanistic investigations. For many octahedral catalysts, CO2 insertion follows an associative mechanism in which CO2 interacts directly with the coordinated hydride ligand instead of the more classical dissociative mechanism that opens an empty coordination site to bind the substrate to the metal prior to a hydride migration step. To better understand the associative mechanism, we conducted a systematic quantum chemical investigation on the reaction between CO2 and fac-(bpy)Re(CO)3H (1-Re-H; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) starting with the gas phase and then moving to THF and other solvents with increased dielectric constants. Detailed analyses of the potential energy surfaces (PESs) and intrinsic reaction coordinates (IRCs) reveal that the reaction is enabled in all media by an initial stage of making a 3c-2e bond between the carbon of CO2 and the metal-hydride bond that is most consistent with an organometallic bridging hydride Re-H-CO2 species. Once CO2 is bent and anchored to the metal-hydride bond, the reaction proceeds by a rotation motion via a cyclic transition state TS2 that interchanges Re-H-CO2 and Re-O-CHO coordination. The combined stages provide an asynchronous-concerted pathway for CO2 insertion on the Gibbs free energy surface with TS2 as the highest energy point. Consideration of TS2 as a rate-determining TS gives activation barriers, inverse KIEs, substituent effects, and solvent effects that agree with the experimental data available in this system. An important new insight revealed by the analyses of the results is that the initial stage of the reaction is not a hydride transfer step as has been assumed in some studies. In fact, the loose vibration of the TS that can be identified for the first stage of the reaction in solution (TS1) does not involve the Re-H stretching vibrational mode. Accordingly, the imaginary frequency of TS1 is insensitive to deuteration, and therefore, TS1 leads to no significant KIE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Sarah Elhajj
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Riyad Yazji
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
| | - Alexander J M Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Faraj Hasanayn
- Department of Chemistry, American University of Beirut, Beirut 1107 2020, Lebanon
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6
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Li M, Han B, Li S, Zhang Q, Zhang E, Gong L, Qi D, Wang K, Jiang J. Constructing 2D Phthalocyanine Covalent Organic Framework with Enhanced Stability and Conductivity via Interlayer Hydrogen Bonding as Electrocatalyst for CO 2 Reduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2310147. [PMID: 38377273 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Fabricating COFs-based electrocatalysts with high stability and conductivity still remains a great challenge. Herein, 2D polyimide-linked phthalocyanine COF (denoted as NiPc-OH-COF) is constructed via solvothermal reaction between tetraanhydrides of 2,3,9,10,16,17,23,24-octacarboxyphthalocyaninato nickel(II) and 2,5-diamino-1,4-benzenediol (DB) with other two analogous 2D COFs (denoted as NiPc-OMe-COF and NiPc-H-COF) synthesized for reference. In comparison with NiPc-OMe-COF and NiPc-H-COF, NiPc-OH-COF exhibits enhanced stability, particularly in strong NaOH solvent and high conductivity of 1.5 × 10-3 S m-1 due to the incorporation of additional strong interlayer hydrogen bonding interaction between the O-H of DB and the hydroxy "O" atom of DB in adjacent layers. This in turn endows the NiPc-OH-COF electrode with ultrahigh CO2-to-CO faradaic efficiency (almost 100%) in a wide potential range from -0.7 to -1.1 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE), a large partial CO current density of -39.2 mA cm-2 at -1.1 V versus RHE, and high turnover number as well as turnover frequency, amounting to 45 000 and 0.76 S-1 at -0.80 V versus RHE during 12 h lasting measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingrun Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Bin Han
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Senzhi Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Enhui Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Lei Gong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dongdong Qi
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jianzhuang Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Materials Genome Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Functional Molecular and Crystalline Materials, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
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7
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Marron DP, Galvin CM, Dressel JM, Waymouth RM. Cobaltocene-Mediated Catalytic Hydride Transfer: Strategies for Electrocatalytic Hydrogenation. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:17075-17083. [PMID: 38864712 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c02177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
The selective electrocatalytic hydrogenation of organics with transition metal hydrides is a promising strategy for electrosynthesis and energy storage. We report the electrocatalytic hydrogenation of acetone with a cyclopentadienone-iridium complex in a tandem electrocatalytic cycle with a cobaltocene mediator. The reductive protonation of cobaltocenium with mild acids generates (C5H5)CoI(C5H6) (CpCoI(CpH)), which functions as an electrocatalytic hydride mediator to deliver a hydride to cationic Ir(III) without generating hydrogen. Electrocatalytic hydride transfer by CpCoI(CpH) to a cationic Ir species leads to the efficient (Faradaic efficiency > 90%) electrohydrogenation of acetone, a valuable hydrogenation target as a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC). Hydride-transfer mediation presents a powerful strategy to generate metal hydrides that are inaccessible by stepwise electron/proton transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel P Marron
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94306, United States
| | - Conor M Galvin
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94306, United States
| | - Julia M Dressel
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94306, United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94306, United States
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8
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Lee D, Molani F, Choe MS, Lee HS, Wee KR, Hwang S, Kim CH, Cho AE, Son HJ. Photocatalytic Conversion of CO 2 to Formate/CO by an (η 6- para-Cymene)Ru(II) Half-Metallocene Catalyst: Influence of Additives and TiO 2 Immobilization on the Catalytic Mechanism and Product Selectivity. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11506-11522. [PMID: 38856726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
The catalytic efficacy of the monobipyridyl (η6-para-Cymene)Ru(II) half-metallocene, [(p-Cym)Ru(bpy)Cl]+ was evaluated in both mixed homogeneous (dye + catalyst) and heterogeneous hybrid systems (dye/TiO2/Catalyst) for photochemical CO2 reduction. A series of homogeneous photolysis experiments revealed that the (p-Cym)Ru(II) catalyst engages in two competitive routes for CO2 reduction (CO2 to formate conversion via RuII-hydride vs CO2 to CO conversion through a RuII-COOH intermediate). The conversion activity and product selectivity were notably impacted by the pKa value and the concentration of the proton source added. When a more acidic TEOA additive was introduced, the half-metallocene Ru(II) catalyst leaned toward producing formate through the RuII-H mechanism, with a formate selectivity of 86%. On the other hand, in homogeneous catalysis with TFE additive, the CO2-to-formate conversion through RuII-H was less effective, yielding a more efficient CO2-to-CO conversion with a selectivity of >80% (TONformate of 140 and TONCO of 626 over 48 h). The preference between the two pathways was elucidated through an electrochemical mechanistic study, monitoring the fate of the metal-hydride intermediate. Compared to the homogeneous system, the TiO2-heterogenized (p-Cym)Ru(II) catalyst demonstrated enhanced and enduring performance, attaining TONs of 1000 for CO2-to-CO and 665 for CO2-to-formate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daehan Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Farzad Molani
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Su Choe
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Seok Lee
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Ryang Wee
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Seongpil Hwang
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Chul Hoon Kim
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Art E Cho
- Department of Bioinformatics, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Jin Son
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Korea University, Sejong 30019, Republic of Korea
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9
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Wu JH, Wang JW, Aramburu-Trošelj BM, Niu FJ, Guo LJ, Ouyang G. Recent progress on nickel phthalocyanine-based electrocatalysts for CO 2 reduction. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:11496-11512. [PMID: 38828611 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr01269k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to high-value fuels by renewable electricity is a sustainable strategy, which can substitute for fossil fuels and circumvent climate changes induced by elevated CO2 emission levels, making the rational design of versatile electrocatalysts highly desirable. Among all the electrocatalytic materials used in the CO2 reduction reaction, nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc)-based electrocatalysts have attracted considerable attention recently because of their high CO selectivity and catalytic activity. Herein, we review the latest advances in CO2 electroreduction to CO catalyzed by immobilized NiPc and its derivatives on diverse surfaces. Specific strategies, the structure-performance relationship and the CO2-to-CO reaction mechanism of these NiPc-based electrocatalysts are analyzed. Future opportunities and challenges for this series of powerful heterogeneous electrocatalysts are also highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Hao Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Jia-Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.
| | - Bruno M Aramburu-Trošelj
- CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Química Física de los Materiales, Medio Ambiente y Energía (INQUIMAE), Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria, C1428EHA Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fu-Jun Niu
- School of Advanced Energy, Sun Yat-sen University (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Lie-Jin Guo
- School of Advanced Energy, Sun Yat-sen University (Shenzhen), Shenzhen 518107, China.
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai 519082, China.
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10
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Prévot MS, Finelli V, Carrier X, Deplano G, Cavallo M, Quadrelli EA, Michel J, Pietraru MH, Camp C, Forghieri G, Gagliardi A, Seidel S, Missemer A, Reuillard B, Centrella B, Bordiga S, Salamanca González MG, Artero V, Birkelbach KVA, von Wolff N. An anthropocene-framed transdisciplinary dialog at the chemistry-energy nexus. Chem Sci 2024; 15:9054-9086. [PMID: 38903216 PMCID: PMC11186347 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc00099d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
At the energy-chemistry nexus, key molecules include carbon dioxide (CO2), hydrogen (H2), methane (CH4), and ammonia (NH3). The position of these four molecules and that of the more general family of synthetic macromolecular polymer blends (found in plastics) were cross-analyzed with the planetary boundary framework, and as part of five scientific policy roadmaps for the energy transition. According to the scenarios considered, the use of some of these molecular substances will be drastically modified in the coming years. Ammonia, which is currently almost exclusively synthesized as feedstock for the fertilizer industry, is envisioned as a future carbon-free energy vector. "Green hydrogen" is central to many projected decarbonized chemical processes. Carbon dioxide is forecast to shift from an unavoidable byproduct to a valuable feedstock for the production of carbon-based compounds. In this context, we believe that interdisciplinary elements from history, economics and anthropology are relevant to any attempted cross-analysis. Distinctive and crucial insights drawn from elements of humanities and social sciences have led us to formulate or re-raise open questions and possible blind-spots in main roadmaps, which were developed to guide, inter alia, chemical research toward the energy transition. We consider that these open questions are not sufficiently addressed in the academic arena around chemical research. Nevertheless, they are relevant to our understanding of the current planetary crisis, and to our capacity to properly assess the potential and limitations of chemical research addressing it. This academic perspective was written to share this understanding with the broader academic community. This work is intended not only as a call for a larger interdisciplinary method, to develop a sounder scientific approach to broader scenarios, but also - and perhaps mostly - as a call for the development of radically transdisciplinary routes of research. As scientists with different backgrounds, specialized in different disciplines and actively involved in contributing to shape solutions by means of our research, we bear ethical responsibility for the consequences of our acts, which often lead to consequences well beyond our discipline. Do our research and the knowledge it produces respond, perpetuate or even aggravate the problems encountered by society?
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu S Prévot
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut de Recherche sur la catalyse et l'environnement (IRCELYON, UMR 5256) 2 Av. A. Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Valeria Finelli
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 I-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A I-10135 Turin Italy
- University School for Advanced Studies IUSS Pavia Palazzo del Broletto, Piazza della Vittoria 15 I-27000 Pavia Italy
| | - Xavier Carrier
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface, LRS F-75005 Paris France
| | - Gabriele Deplano
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 I-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A I-10135 Turin Italy
| | - Margherita Cavallo
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 I-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A I-10135 Turin Italy
| | - Elsje Alessandra Quadrelli
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut de Recherche sur la catalyse et l'environnement (IRCELYON, UMR 5256) 2 Av. A. Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
- CPELYON 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918 F-69616 Villeurbanne France
| | | | | | - Clément Camp
- Université de Lyon, Institut de Chimie de Lyon, Laboratory of Catalysis, Polymerization, Processes & Materials, CP2M UMR 5128 CNRS-UCB Lyon 1-CPE Lyon 43 Bd du 11 Novembre 1918 F-69616 Villeurbanne France
| | - Giulia Forghieri
- CATMAT Lab, Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, Ca'Foscari University and INSTM-RU Venice Via Torino 155 I-30172 Venice Italy
| | - Anna Gagliardi
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari" viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
- Center for Chemical Catalysis-C3, University of Bologna viale del Risorgimento 4 Bologna 40136 Italy
| | - Sebastian Seidel
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry ITMC Worringerweg 2 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Antoine Missemer
- CNRS, CIRED - Centre International de Recherche sur l'Environnement et le Développement 45bis Avenue de La Belle Gabrielle F-94736 Nogent-sur-Marne France
| | - Bertrand Reuillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux UMR-5250 17 rue des Martyrs F-38054 Grenoble France
| | - Barbara Centrella
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 I-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A I-10135 Turin Italy
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 I-10125 and Via G. Quarello 15/A I-10135 Turin Italy
| | | | - Vincent Artero
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux UMR-5250 17 rue des Martyrs F-38054 Grenoble France
| | - Keanu V A Birkelbach
- RWTH Aachen University, Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry ITMC Worringerweg 2 D-52074 Aachen Germany
| | - Niklas von Wolff
- Laboratoire d'Électrochimie Moléculaire, LEM UMR 7591, Université Paris Cité, CNRS F-75006 Paris France
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11
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Yuan H, Yu Y, Yang S, Lei Q, Yang Z, Lan B, Han Z. Photocatalytic CO 2 reduction with iron porphyrin catalysts and anthraquinone dyes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6292-6295. [PMID: 38809528 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01950d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Herein we studied visible-light-driven CO2 reduction using a series of tetra-phenylporphyrin iron catalysts and inexpensive anthraquinone dyes. Varying the functional groups on the phenyl moieties of the catalysts significantly enhances the photocatalytic activity, achieving an optimal turnover number (TON) of 10 476 and a selectivity of 100% in the noble-metal-free systems. The highest activity found in a bromo-substituted catalyst is attributed to favorable electron transfer from the photosensitizer to the iron porphyrin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiqing Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou, Guangdong 514015, China.
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Yuanhai Yu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Shuang Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Qinqin Lei
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Zhiwei Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
| | - Bang Lan
- School of Chemistry and Environment, Jiaying University, Meizhou, Guangdong 514015, China.
| | - Zhiji Han
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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12
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Haake M, Aldakov D, Pérard J, Veronesi G, Tapia AA, Reuillard B, Artero V. Impact of the Surface Microenvironment on the Redox Properties of a Co-Based Molecular Cathode for Selective Aqueous Electrochemical CO 2-to-CO Reduction. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:15345-15355. [PMID: 38767986 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c03089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Electrode-confined molecular catalysts are promising systems to enable the efficient conversion of CO2 to useful products. Here, we describe the development of an original molecular cathode for CO2 reduction to CO based on the noncovalent integration of a tetraazamacrocyclic Co complex to a carbon nanotube-based matrix. Aqueous electrochemical characterization of the modified electrode allowed for clear observation of a change of redox behavior of the Co center as surface concentration was tuned, highlighting the impact of the catalyst microenvironment on its redox properties. The molecular cathode enabled efficient CO2-to-CO conversion in fully aqueous conditions, giving rise to a turnover number (TONCO) of up to 20 × 103 after 2 h of constant electrolysis at a mild overpotential (η = 450 mV) and with a faradaic efficiency for CO of about 95%. Post operando measurements using electrochemical techniques, inductively coupled plasma, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy characterization of the films demonstrated that the catalysis remained of molecular nature, making this Co-based electrode a new promising alternative for molecular electrocatalytic conversion of CO2-to-CO in fully aqueous media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthieu Haake
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 17 Rue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex F-38054, France
| | - Dmitry Aldakov
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble INP, IRIG, SyMMES, Grenoble 38000, France
| | - Julien Pérard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 17 Rue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex F-38054, France
| | - Giulia Veronesi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 17 Rue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex F-38054, France
| | - Antonio Aguilar Tapia
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de Grenoble, UAR2607 CNRS Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble F-38000, France
| | - Bertrand Reuillard
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 17 Rue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex F-38054, France
| | - Vincent Artero
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, IRIG, Laboratoire de Chimie et Biologie des Métaux, 17 Rue des Martyrs, Grenoble Cedex F-38054, France
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13
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Zhu W, Liu S, Huang R, Su Y, Huang K, He Z. Enhancing CO 2 Electroreduction to C2 Products on Metal-Nitrogen Sites by Regulating H 2O Dissociation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:26316-26324. [PMID: 38717337 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c04752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Water dissociation remarkably affects the CO2 reduction to CO and HCOOH, but whether it is effective for two-carbon product formation on M-Nx-containing catalysts is still ambiguous. Herein, by using a fluorinated metal phthalocyanine (MPc-F) as the M-N4-based model electrocatalyst, experimental and theoretical results reveal that the H2O-dissociation-induced active H species decrease the overpotential of the *CO hydrogenation to *CHO and facilitate the C-C coupling between *CHO and neighboring CO. Such an effect is strengthened by an increase in the *CO binding strength on the metal center. By introducing CuPc as the H2O dissociation catalyst into MPc-F (MPc-F/CuPc) to accurately regulate the H2O dissociation, the faradic efficiency of C2 products on FePc-F/CuPc and MnPc-F/CuPc increases from 0% (FePc-F and MnPc-F) to 26 and 36%, respectively. This work develops a novel strategy for enhancing the selectivity of M-Nx-containing catalysts to C2 products and reveals the correlation between H2O dissociation and C2 product formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Suqin Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Rongjiao Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, P. R. China
| | - Yuke Su
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Kui Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Zhen He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Power Sources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan, P. R. China
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14
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Jolly BJ, Pung MJ, Liu C. Integrated electrochemical CO 2 reduction and hydroformylation. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 38700437 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00423j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
The development of integrated multi-catalyst processes has become of high interest to transform abundant feedstocks or environmental pollutants to commodity chemicals in a one pot, one pass fashion. Specifically, CO2 poses a large environmental burden and would thus be a desirable, relatively abundant C1 source in multi-step synthetic chemistry. Herein we disclose the synthesis of aldehydes from CO2via the integration of electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2RR) and hydroformylation, taking advantage of the typically unwanted concomitant hydrogen evolution (HER) to generate the necessary CO and H2 needed for hydroformylation. Though typical hydroformylation catalysts based on Rh would be deactivated under CO2RR conditions, we circumvent this limitation by spatially segregating our CO2RR and hydroformylation systems in a vial-in-vial reactor, while allowing CO and H2 transport between catalyst sites. In this manner, 97% aldehyde yield from CO2RR and styrene was achieved selectively using a classic homogeneous hydroformylation catalyst in HRh(CO)(PPh3)3, and 43% aldehyde yield was obtained using a heterogenized version of this Rh catalyst onto mesoporous silica. This work not only repurposes undesired HER in CO2RR and prepares aldehydes from CO2 without added H2, but expands the scope of processes that transform feedstocks all the way to commodity chemicals in a one pass manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon J Jolly
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
| | - Michael J Pung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
| | - Chong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
- California NanoSystems Institute (CNSI), University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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15
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Intrator JA, Velazquez DA, Fan S, Mastrobattista E, Yu C, Marinescu SC. Electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction to formate by a cobalt phosphino-thiolate complex. Chem Sci 2024; 15:6385-6396. [PMID: 38699267 PMCID: PMC11062087 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06805f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrochemical conversion of CO2 to value-added products serves as an attractive method to store renewable energy as energy-dense fuels. Selectivity in this type of conversion can be limited, often leading to the formation of side products such as H2. The activity of a cobalt phosphino-thiolate complex ([Co(triphos)(bdt)]+) towards the selective reduction of CO2 to formate is explored in this report. In the presence of H2O, selective production of formate (as high as 94%) is observed at overpotentials of 750 mV, displaying negligible current degradation during long-term electrolysis experiments ranging as long as 24 hours. Chemical reduction studies of [Co(triphos)(bdt)]+ indicates deligation of the apical phosphine moiety is likely before catalysis. Computational and experimental results suggest a metal-hydride pathway, indicating an ECEC based mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy A Intrator
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 900089 USA
| | - David A Velazquez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 900089 USA
| | - Sicheng Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 900089 USA
| | - Ellie Mastrobattista
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 900089 USA
| | - Christine Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 900089 USA
| | - Smaranda C Marinescu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California Los Angeles CA 900089 USA
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16
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Rivera-Reyes JO, Billings KJ, Metzler CL, Lagle RM, Drabo M, Palai R, Jones JP, Piñero Cruz DM. Surface modified copper foam with cobalt phthalocyanine carbon nanotube hybrids for tuning CO 2 reduction reaction products. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:4850-4853. [PMID: 38619467 PMCID: PMC11059935 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00715h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a feasible way to convert this greenhouse gas into molecules of industrial interest. Herein we present the modification of the Cu foam cathode using molecular catalyst hybrid from cobalt phthalocyanine (CoPc) to increase selectivity and stability towards CO2RR products in a flow cell setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier O Rivera-Reyes
- Chemistry Department, College of Natural Sciences, Rio Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931-3346, USA.
- Molecular Science Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce de León, San Juan, PR 00926, USA
| | - Keith J Billings
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - Carmen L Metzler
- Chemistry Department, College of Natural Sciences, Rio Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931-3346, USA.
- Molecular Science Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce de León, San Juan, PR 00926, USA
| | - Richard M Lagle
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, Alabama 35762, USA
| | - Mebougna Drabo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, Alabama 35762, USA
| | - Ratnakar Palai
- Department of Physics, College of Natural Sciences, Rio Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR, 00936, USA
| | - John-Paul Jones
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA
| | - Dalice M Piñero Cruz
- Chemistry Department, College of Natural Sciences, Rio Piedras Campus, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931-3346, USA.
- Molecular Science Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce de León, San Juan, PR 00926, USA
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17
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Balamurugan M, Jang JH, Kim JE, Choi WI, Jo YI, Park S, Varathan E, Nam KT. Tuning the CO 2 Reduction Selectivity of an Immobilized Molecular Ag Complex beyond CO. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:7992-8000. [PMID: 38627375 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/30/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) to produce fuels and chemicals has garnered significant attention. However, achieving control over the selectivity of the resulting products remains a challenging task, particularly within molecular systems. In this study, we employed a molecular silver complex immobilized on graphitized mesoporous carbon (GMC) as a catalyst for converting CO2 into CO, achieving an impressive selectivity of over 90% at -1.05 V vs RHE. Notably, the newly formed silver nanoparticles emerged as the active sites responsible for this high CO selectivity rather than the molecular system. Intriguingly, the introduction of copper ions into the restructured Ag-nanoparticle-decorated carbon altered the product selectivity. At -1.1 V vs RHE in 0.1 M KCl, we achieved a high C2 selectivity of 75%. Furthermore, not only the Ag-Cu bimetallic nanoparticle but also the small-sized Ag-Cu nanocluster decorated over GMC was proposed as active sites during catalytic reactions. Our straightforward approach offers valuable insights for fine-tuning the product selectivity of immobilized molecular systems, extending beyond C1 products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Balamurugan
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Jun Ho Jang
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Eun Kim
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Il Choi
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Young In Jo
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunghak Park
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Elumalai Varathan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ki Tae Nam
- Department of Materials Science Engineering, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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18
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Cai HX, Wang J, Guo YR, Pan QJ. Weak Bimetal Coupling-Assisted MN 4 Catalyst for Enhanced Carbon Dioxide Reduction Reaction. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:6734-6742. [PMID: 38570330 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The design of multimetal catalysts holds immense significance for efficient CO2 capture and its conversion into economically valuable chemicals. Herein, heterobimetallic catalysts (MiMo)L were exploited for the CO2 reduction reactions (CO2RR) using relativistic density functional theory (DFT). The octadentate Pacman-like polypyrrolic ligand (H4L) accommodates two metal ions (Mo, W, Nd, and U) inside (Mi) and outside (Mo) its month, rendering a weak bimetal coupling-assisted MN4 catalytically active site. Adsorption reactions have access to energetically stable coordination modes of -OCO, -OOC, and -(OCO)2, where the donor atom(s) are marked in bold. Among all of the species, (UiMoo)L releases the most energy. Along CO2RR, it favors to produce CO. The high-efficiency CO2 reduction is attributed to the size matching of U with the ligand mouth and the effective manipulation of the electron density of both ligand and bimetals. The mechanism in which heterobimetals synergetically capture and reduce CO2 has been postulated. This establishes a reference in elaborating on the complicated heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Xue Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yuan-Ru Guo
- Key Laboratory of Bio-based Material Science & Technology (Ministry of Education), College of Material Science and Engineering, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
| | - Qing-Jiang Pan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
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19
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Norouziyanlakvan S, Berro P, Rao GK, Gabidullin B, Richeson D. Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO 2 and H 2O with Zn(II) Complexes Through Metal-Ligand Cooperation. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202303147. [PMID: 38224468 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Air and water-stable zinc (II) complexes of neutral pincer bis(diphenylphosphino)-2,6-di(amino)pyridine ("PN3P") ligands are reported. These compounds, [Zn(κ2-2,6-{Ph2PNR}2(NC5H3))Br2] (R=Me, 1; R=H, 2), were shown to be capable of electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 at -2.3 V vs. Fc+/0 to selectively yield CO in mixed water/acetonitrile solutions. These complexes also electrocatalytically generate H2 from water in acetonitrile solutions, at the same potential, with Faradaic efficiencies of up to 90 %. DFT computations support a proposed mechanism involving the first reduction of 1 or 2 occurring at the PN3P ligand. Furthermore, computational analysis suggested a mechanism involving metal-ligand cooperation of a Lewis acidic Zn(II) and a basic ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somayeh Norouziyanlakvan
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Patrick Berro
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gyandshwar Kumar Rao
- Faculty of Science Engineering And Technology, Amity University, Haryana, India, 122413
| | - Bulat Gabidullin
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Darrin Richeson
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Ottawa, 10 Marie Curie, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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20
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Vigil SA, Moreno-Hernandez IA. Dissolution Heterogeneity Observed in Anisotropic Ruthenium Dioxide Nanocrystals via Liquid-Phase Transmission Electron Microscopy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146. [PMID: 38597585 PMCID: PMC11048125 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Noble metal oxides such as ruthenium dioxide are highly active electrocatalysts for anodic reactions in acidic electrolytes, but dissolution during electrochemical operation impedes wide-scale applications in renewable energy technologies. Improving the fundamental understanding of the dissolution dynamics of application-relevant morphologies such as nanocrystals is critical for the grid-scale implementation of these materials. Herein, we report the nanoscale heterogeneity observed via liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy during ruthenium dioxide nanocrystal dissolution under oxidizing conditions. Single-crystalline ruthenium dioxide nanocrystals enabled the direct observation of dissolution along different crystallographic facets, allowing an unprecedented direct comparison of crystal facet stability. The nanoscale observations revealed substantial heterogeneity in the relative stability of crystallographic facets across different nanocrystals, attributed to the nanoscale strains present in these crystals. These findings highlight the importance of nanoscale heterogeneity in determining macroscale properties such as electrocatalyst stability and provide a characterization methodology that can be integrated into next-generation electrocatalyst discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Avery Vigil
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
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21
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Durin G, Romero RM, Godou T, Chauvier C, Thuéry P, Nicolas E, Cantat T. Formoxyboranes as hydroborane surrogates for the catalytic reduction of carbonyls through transfer hydroboration. Catal Sci Technol 2024; 14:1848-1853. [PMID: 38571548 PMCID: PMC10987016 DOI: 10.1039/d3cy01702h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
A new class of Lewis base stabilized formoxyboranes demonstrates the feasibility of catalytic transfer hydroboration. In the presence of a ruthenium catalyst, they have shown broad applicability for reducing carbonyl compounds. Various borylated alcohols are obtained in high selectivity and yields up to 99%, tolerating several functional groups. Computational studies enabled to propose a mechanism for this transformation, revealing the role of the ruthenium catalyst and the absence of hydroborane intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Durin
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - R Martin Romero
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Timothé Godou
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Clément Chauvier
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Pierre Thuéry
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Emmanuel Nicolas
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
| | - Thibault Cantat
- NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex France
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22
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Xiao Y, Xie F, Zhang HT, Zhang MT. Bioinspired Binickel Catalyst for Carbon Dioxide Reduction: The Importance of Metal-ligand Cooperation. JACS AU 2024; 4:1207-1218. [PMID: 38559717 PMCID: PMC10976602 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/21/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Catalyst design for the efficient CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) remains a crucial challenge for the conversion of CO2 to fuels. Natural Ni-Fe carbon monoxide dehydrogenase (NiFe-CODH) achieves reversible conversion of CO2 and CO at nearly thermodynamic equilibrium potential, which provides a template for developing CO2RR catalysts. However, compared with the natural enzyme, most biomimetic synthetic Ni-Fe complexes exhibit negligible CO2RR catalytic activities, which emphasizes the significance of effective bimetallic cooperation for CO2 activation. Enlightened by bimetallic synergy, we herein report a dinickel complex, NiIINiII(bphpp)(AcO)2 (where NiNi(bphpp) is derived from H2bphpp = 2,9-bis(5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxy-3-pyridylphenyl)-1,10-phenanthroline) for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO, which exhibits a remarkable reactivity approximately 5 times higher than that of the mononuclear Ni catalyst. Electrochemical and computational studies have revealed that the redox-active phenanthroline moiety effectively modulates the electron injection and transfer akin to the [Fe3S4] cluster in NiFe-CODH, and the secondary Ni site facilitates the C-O bond activation and cleavage through electron mediation and Lewis acid characteristics. Our work underscores the significant role of bimetallic cooperation in CO2 reduction catalysis and provides valuable guidance for the rational design of CO2RR catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Xiao
- Center of Basic Molecular
Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Center of Basic Molecular
Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular
Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming-Tian Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular
Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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23
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Zhu C, D’Agostino C, de Visser SP. CO 2 Reduction by an Iron(I) Porphyrinate System: Effect of Hydrogen Bonding on the Second Coordination Sphere. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:4474-4481. [PMID: 38408891 PMCID: PMC10934816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c04246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Transforming CO2 into valuable materials is an important reaction in catalysis, especially because CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere have been growing steadily due to extensive fossil fuel usage. From an environmental perspective, reduction of CO2 to valuable materials should be catalyzed by an environmentally benign catalyst and avoid the use of heavy transition-metal ions. In this work, we present a computational study into a novel iron(I) porphyrin catalyst for CO2 reduction, namely, with a tetraphenylporphyrin ligand and analogues. In particular, we investigated iron(I) tetraphenylporphyrin with one of the meso-phenyl groups substituted with o-urea, p-urea, or o-2-amide groups. These substituents can provide hydrogen-bonding interactions in the second coordination sphere with bound ligands and assist with proton relay. Furthermore, our studies investigated bicarbonate and phenol as stabilizers and proton donors in the reaction mechanism. Potential energy landscapes for double protonation of iron(I) porphyrinate with bound CO2 are reported. The work shows that the bicarbonate bridges the urea/amide groups to the CO2 and iron center and provides a tight bonding pattern with strong hydrogen-bonding interactions that facilitates easy proton delivery and reduction of CO2. Specifically, bicarbonate provides a low-energy proton shuttle mechanism to form CO and water efficiently. Furthermore, the o-urea group locks bicarbonate and CO2 in a tight orientation and helps with ideal proton transfer, while there is more mobility and lesser stability with an o-amide group in that position instead. Our calculations show that the o-urea group leads to reduction in proton-transfer barriers, in line with experimental observation. We then applied electric-field-effect calculations to estimate the environmental effects on the two proton-transfer steps in the reaction. These calculations describe the perturbations that enhance the driving forces for the proton-transfer steps and have been used to make predictions about how the catalysts can be further engineered for more enhanced CO2 reduction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxu Zhu
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, The University
of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Carmine D’Agostino
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Dipartimento
di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali, Alma Mater Studiorum−Università di Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy
| | - Sam P. de Visser
- Manchester
Institute of Biotechnology, The University
of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of Manchester, Oxford
Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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24
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Sarkar P, Sarkar S, Nayek A, Adarsh NN, Pal AK, Datta A, Dey A, Ghosh P. Low Potential CO 2 Reduction by Inert Fe(II)-Macrobicyclic Complex: A New Concept of Cavity Assisted CO 2 Activation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2304794. [PMID: 37888827 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The advantage of a pre-organized π-cavity of Fe(II) complex of a newly developed macrobicycle cryptand is explored for CO2 reduction by overcoming the problem of high overpotential associated with the inert nature of the cryptate. Thus, a bipyridine-centered tritopic macrobicycle having a molecular π-cavity capable of forming Fe(II) complex as well as potential for CO2 encapsulation is synthesized. The inert Fe(II)-cryptate shows much lower potential in cyclic voltammetry than the Fe(II)-tris-dimethylbipyridine (Fe-MBP) core. Interestingly, this cryptate shows electrochemical CO2 reduction at a considerably lower potential than the Fe-MBP inert core. Therefore, this study represents that a well-structured π-cavity may generate a new series of molecular catalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR), even with the inert metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piyali Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, India
- Institute of Health Sciences, Presidency University, Second Campus, Plot No. DG/02/02, Premises No. 14-0358, Action Area-ID, New Town, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700156, India
| | - Sayan Sarkar
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Abhijit Nayek
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Nayarassery N Adarsh
- Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Clarkson University, 8 Clarkson Ave., Potsdam, NY, 13699, USA
| | - Arun K Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Ayan Datta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Abhishek Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Pradyut Ghosh
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science (IACS), Kolkata, 700032, India
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25
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Phuoc NM, Thien LT, Phuong NTT, Duong NTH, Van Dung N, Quang Long N. Novel chitosan-zeolite X composite beads prepared by phase-inversion method for CO 2 adsorptive capture. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 352:141327. [PMID: 38311039 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.141327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 01/13/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
The urgent need to mitigate carbon emissions from industrial heat production has led to the exploration of novel carbon-based materials for carbon capture. Chitosan, a versatile framework, has been widely utilized for embedding many materials such as grafted graphene oxide, zeolite, and activated carbon to enhance the carbon capture capacity of diverse carbon-based materials. Remarkably, the combination of chitosan and zeolite overcomes the inherent drawbacks of powdery zeolite, resulting in improved stability and efficiency in carbon capture applications. In this study, zeolite X-chitosan composite was successfully synthesized using phase inversion method followed by solvent exchange and air drying. The synthesis procedure described in this study presents a notable advantage in terms of simplicity and ease of fabrication. The combination of SEM and XRD analyses provided evidence that the composite exhibited a uniform arrangement of zeolite within the chitosan framework and maintained the original properties of the powdered zeolite. The adsorption capacity of the composite was first investigated by varying mass ratio of zeolite per chitosan. The composite with mass ratio that gave the best adsorption capacity were then tested under various temperatures (-20 °C, 0 °C, 30 °C, and 50 °C) and pressures (1 kPa, 3 kPa, 5 kPa, and 30 kPa). The application of different adsorption models was also employed to simulate the breakthrough curves. Furthermore, the material also underwent multiple continuous adsorption-desorption cycles showing its potential for repeated rechargeability. In contrast, the synthesis and characterization of copper ion-exchanged composite yielded significant drop in adsorption capacity, likely due to the formation of ligands or the inherent reactivity of Cu2+ ions towards hydroxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Minh Phuoc
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Lu Thanh Thien
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thi Truc Phuong
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Ngo Tran Hoang Duong
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Van Dung
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Quang Long
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Ho Chi Minh University of Technology (HCMUT), 268 Ly Thuong Kiet Street, District 10, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University Ho Chi Minh City, Linh Trung Ward, Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam.
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26
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Bairagi A, Pereverzev AY, Tinnemans P, Pidko EA, Roithová J. Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction: Monitoring of Catalytically Active, Downgraded, and Upgraded Cobalt Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:5480-5492. [PMID: 38353430 PMCID: PMC10910500 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c13290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The premise of most studies on the homogeneous electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) is a good understanding of the reaction mechanisms. Yet, analyzing the reaction intermediates formed at the working electrode is challenging and not always attainable. Here, we present a new, general approach to studying the reaction intermediates applied for CO2RR catalyzed by a series of cobalt complexes. The cobalt complexes were based on the TPA-ligands (TPA = tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine) modified by amino groups in the secondary coordination sphere. By combining the electrochemical experiments, electrochemistry-coupled electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we identify and spectroscopically characterize the key reaction intermediates in the CO2RR and the competing hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER). Additionally, the experiments revealed the rarely reported in situ changes in the secondary coordination sphere of the cobalt complexes by the CO2-initiated transformation of the amino substituents to carbamates. This launched an even faster alternative HER pathway. The interplay of three catalytic cycles, as derived from the experiments and supported by the DFT calculations, explains the trends that cobalt complexes exhibit during the CO2RR and HER. Additionally, this study demonstrates the need for a molecular perspective in the electrocatalytic activation of small molecules efficiently obtained by the EC-ESI-MS technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav Bairagi
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Aleksandr Y. Pereverzev
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Tinnemans
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Delft University of
Technology, Delft 2629 HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Jana Roithová
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen 6525 AJ, The Netherlands
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27
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McCarver GA, Yildirim T, Zhou W. Hetero-bimetallic paddlewheel complexes for enhanced CO 2 reduction selectivity in MOFs: a first principles study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:7627-7637. [PMID: 38363117 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05694e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
The reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2) into value-added feedstock materials, fine chemicals, and fuels represents a crucial approach for meeting contemporary chemical demands while reducing dependence on petrochemical sources. Optimizing catalysts for the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) can entail employing first principles methodology to identify catalysts possessing desirable attributes, including the ability to form diverse products or selectively produce a limited set of products, or exhibit favorable reaction kinetics. In this study, we investigate CO2RR on bimetallic Cu-based paddlewheel complexes, aiming to understand the impact metal substitution with Mn(II), Co(II), or Ni(II) has on bimetallic paddlewheel metal-organic frameworks. Substituting one of the Cu sites of the paddlewheel complex with Mn results in a more catalytically active Cu center, poised to produce substantial quantities of formic acid (HCOOH) and smaller quantities of methane (CH4) with a suppressed production of C2 products such as ethanol (CH3CH2OH) or ethylene (C2H4). Moreover, the presence of Mn significantly reduces the limiting potential for CO2 reduction from 2.22 eV on the homo-bimetallic Cu paddlewheel complex to 1.19 eV, thereby necessitating a smaller applied potential. Conversely, within the Co-substituted paddlewheel complex, the Co site emerges as the primary catalytic center, selectively yielding CH4 as the sole reduced CO2 product, with a limiting potential of 1.22 eV. Notably, the Co site faces significant competition from H2 production due to a lower limiting potential of 0.81 eV for hydrogen reduction. Our examination of the Cu-Ni paddlewheel complex, featuring a Ni substituent site, reveals two catalytically active centers, each promoting distinct reductive processes. Both the Ni and Cu sites exhibit a propensity for HCOOH formation, with the Ni site favoring further reduction to CH4, whereas the Cu site directs the reaction towards methanol (CH3OH) production. This study holds significance in informing and streamlining future experimental efforts for synthesizing and evaluating novel catalysts with superior capabilities for CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gavin A McCarver
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, USA.
| | - Taner Yildirim
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, USA.
| | - Wei Zhou
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Center for Neutron Research, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-6102, USA.
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28
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Zhang H, Liang Q, Xie K. How to rationally design homogeneous catalysts for efficient CO 2 electroreduction? iScience 2024; 27:108973. [PMID: 38327791 PMCID: PMC10847752 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Electrified converting CO2 into valuable fuels and chemicals using a homogeneous electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2ER) approach simplifies the operation, providing a potential option for decoupling energy harvesting and renewable chemical production. These merits benefit the scenarios where decentralization and intermittent power are key factors. This perspective aims to provide an overview of recent progress in homogeneous CO2ER. We introduce firstly the fundamentals chemistry of the homogeneous CO2ER, followed by a summary of the crucial factors and the important criteria broadly employed for evaluating the performance. We then highlight the recent advances in the most widely explored transition-metal coordinate complexes for the C1 and multicarbon (C2+) products from homogeneous CO2ER. Finally, we summarize the remaining challenges and opportunities for developing homogeneous electrocatalysts for efficient CO2ER. This perspective is expected to favor the rational design of efficient homogeneous electrocatalysts for selective CO2ER toward renewable fuels and feedstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zhang
- International Center for Quantum and Molecular Structures, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P.R. China
| | - Qinghua Liang
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earths, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
- Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Ke Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern Universiy, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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29
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Sonea A, Crudo NR, Warren JJ. Understanding the Interplay of the Brønsted Acidity of Catalyst Ancillary Groups and the Solution Components in Iron-porphyrin-Mediated Carbon Dioxide Reduction. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:3721-3731. [PMID: 38307036 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The rapid and efficient conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) to carbon monoxide (CO) is an ongoing challenge. Catalysts based on iron-porphyrin cores have emerged as excellent electrochemical mediators of the two proton + two electron reduction of CO2 to CO, and many of the design features that promote function are known. Of those design features, the incorporation of Brønsted acids in the second coordination sphere of the iron ion has a significant impact on catalyst turnover kinetics. The Brønsted acids are often in the form of hydroxyphenyl groups. Herein, we explore how the acidity of an ancillary 2-hydroxyphenyl group affects the performance of CO2 reduction electrocatalysts. A series of meso-5,10,15,20-tetraaryl porphyrins were prepared where only the functional group at the 5-meso position has an ionizable proton. A series of cyclic voltammetry (CV) experiments reveal that the complex with -OMe positioned para to the ionizable -OH shows the largest CO2 reduction rate constants in acetonitrile solvent. This is the least acidic -OH of the compounds surveyed. The turnover frequency of the -OMe derivative can be further improved with the addition of 4-trifluoromethylphenol to the solution. In contrast, the iron-porphyrin complex with -CF3 positioned opposite the ionizable -OH shows the smallest CO2 reduction rate constants, and its turnover frequency is less enhanced with the addition of phenols to the reaction solutions. The origin of this effect is rationalized based on kinetic isotope effect experiments and density functional calculations. We conclude that catalysts with weaker internal acids coupled with stronger external acid additives provide superior CO2 reduction kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sonea
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Nicholas R Crudo
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
| | - Jeffrey J Warren
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada
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30
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Wang T, He F, Jiang W, Liu J. Electrohydrogenation of Nitriles with Amines by Cobalt Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316140. [PMID: 38124405 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Catalytic hydrogenation of nitriles represents an efficient and sustainable one-step synthesis of valuable bulk and fine chemicals. We report herein a molecular cobalt electrocatalyst for selective hydrogenative coupling of nitriles with amines using protons as the hydrogen source. The key to success for this reductive reaction is the use of an electrocatalytic approach for efficient cobalt-hydride generation through a sequence of cathodic reduction and protonation. As only electrons (e- ) and protons (H+ ) as the redox equivalent and hydrogen source, this general electrohydrogenation protocol is showcased by highly selective and straightforward synthesis of various functionalized and structurally diverse amines, as well as deuterium isotope labeling applications. Mechanistic studies reveal that the electrogenerated cobalt-hydride transfer to nitrile process is the rate-determining step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Fangfang He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, China
- Greater Bay Area Institute for Innovation, Hunan University, 511300, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China
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31
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Kamogawa K, Kato Y, Tamaki Y, Noguchi T, Nozaki K, Nakagawa T, Ishitani O. Overall reaction mechanism of photocatalytic CO 2 reduction on a Re(i)-complex catalyst unit of a Ru(ii)-Re(i) supramolecular photocatalyst. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2074-2088. [PMID: 38332814 PMCID: PMC10848666 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06059d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Rhenium(i) complexes fac-[ReI(diimine)(CO)3(L)]n+ are mostly used and evaluated as photocatalysts and catalysts in both photochemical and electrochemical systems for CO2 reduction. However, the selective reduction mechanism of CO2 to CO is unclear, although numerous mechanistic studies have been reported. A Ru(ii)-Re(i) supramolecular photocatalyst with fac-[ReI(diimine)(CO)3{OC(O)OCH2CH2NR2}] (R = C2H4OH) as a catalyst unit (RuC2Re) exhibits very high efficiency, selectivity, and durability of CO formation in photocatalytic CO2 reduction reactions. In this work, the reaction mechanism of photocatalytic CO2 reduction using RuC2Re is fully clarified. Time-resolved IR (TR-IR) measurements using rapid-scan FT-IR spectroscopy with laser flash photolysis verify the formation of RuC2Re(COOH) with a carboxylic acid unit, i.e., fac-[ReI(diimine)(CO)3(COOH)], in the photocatalytic reaction solution. Additionally, this important intermediate is detected in an actual photocatalytic reaction using steady state irradiation. Kinetics analysis of the TR-IR spectra and DFT calculations demonstrated the reaction mechanism of the conversion of the one-electron reduced species of RuC2Re with a fac-[ReI(diimine˙-)(CO)3{OC(O)OCH2CH2NR2}]- unit, which was produced via the photochemical reduction of RuC2Re by 1,3-dimethyl-2-phenyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-benzo[d]imidazole (BIH), to RuC2Re(COOH). The kinetics of the recovery processes of the starting complex RuC2Re from RuC2Re(COOH) accompanying the release of CO and OH- was also clarified. As a side reaction of RuC2Re(COOH), a long-lived carboxylate-ester complex with a fac-[ReI(diimine)(CO)3(COOC2H4NR2)] unit, which was produced by the nucleophilic attack of TEOA to one of the carbonyl ligands of RuC2Re(CO) with a fac-[ReI(diimine)(CO)4]+ unit, was formed during the photocatalytic reaction. This complex works not only as a precursor in another minor CO formation process but also as an external photosensitiser that photochemically reduces the other complexes i.e., RuC2Re, RuC2Re(COOH), and the intermediate that is reductively converted to RuC2Re(COOH).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Kamogawa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-2 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Yuki Kato
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Yusuke Tamaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-2 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Takumi Noguchi
- Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8602 Japan
| | - Koichi Nozaki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduated School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama 3190, Gofuku, Toya-ma-shi Toyama 930-8555 Japan
| | - Tatsuo Nakagawa
- UNISOKU Co., Ltd 2-4-3 Kasugano, Hirakata Osaka 573-0131 Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-2 O-okayama, Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima Hiroshima 739 8526 Japan
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32
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Liu N, Bartling S, Springer A, Kubis C, Bokareva OS, Salaya E, Sun J, Zhang Z, Wohlrab S, Abdel-Mageed AM, Liang HQ, Francke R. Heterogenized Molecular Electrocatalyst Based on a Hydroxo-Bridged Binuclear Copper(II) Phenanthroline Compound for Selective Reduction of CO 2 to Ethylene. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2309526. [PMID: 37983740 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Molecular copper catalysts have emerged as promising candidates for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 . Notable features of such systems include the ability of Cu to generate C2+ products and the well-defined active sites that allow for targeted structural tuning. However, the frequently observed in situ formation of Cu nanoclusters has undermined the advantages of the molecular frameworks. It is therefore desirable to develop Cu-based catalysts that retain their molecular structures during electrolysis. In this context, a heterogenized binuclear hydroxo-bridged phenanthroline Cu(II) compound with a short Cu···Cu distance is reported as a simple yet efficient catalyst for electrogeneration of ethylene and other C2 products. In an aqueous electrolyte, the catalyst demonstrates remarkable performance, with excellent Faradaic efficiency for C2 products (62%) and minimal H2 evolution (8%). Furthermore, it exhibits high stability, manifested by no observable degradation during 15 h of continuous electrolysis. The preservation of the atomic distribution of the active sites throughout electrolysis is substantiated through comprehensive characterizations, including X-ray photoelectron and absorption spectroscopy, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy, as well as control experiments. These findings establish a solid foundation for further investigations into targeted structural tuning, opening new avenues for enhancing the catalytic performance of Cu-based molecular electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Liu
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Stephan Bartling
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Armin Springer
- Electron Microscopy Center, University Medicine Rostock, Strempelstr. 14, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christoph Kubis
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Olga S Bokareva
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Institute of Physics, University of Kassel, Heinrich-Plett-Str. 40, 34132, Kassel, Germany
| | - Evaristo Salaya
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Jiameng Sun
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Rd. 17923, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Zhonghua Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Jingshi Rd. 17923, Jinan, 250061, P. R. China
| | - Sebastian Wohlrab
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Ali M Abdel-Mageed
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
| | - Hong-Qing Liang
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Rd. 866, Hangzhou, 310058, P. R. China
| | - Robert Francke
- Leibniz Institute for Catalysis, Albert-Einstein-Str. 29a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Rostock University, Albert-Einstein-Str. 3a, 18059, Rostock, Germany
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33
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Dong J, Chen J, Wang W, Wei Z, Tian ZQ, Fan FR. Charged Microdroplets as Microelectrochemical Cells for CO 2 Reduction and C-C Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:2227-2236. [PMID: 38224553 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c12586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Charged microdroplets offer novel electrochemical environments, distinct from traditional solid-liquid or solid-liquid-gas interfaces, due to the intense electric fields at liquid-gas interfaces. In this study, we propose that charged microdroplets serve as microelectrochemical cells (MECs), enabling unique electrochemical reactions at the gas-liquid interface. Using electrospray-generated microdroplets, we achieved multielectron CO2 reduction and C-C coupling to synthesize ethanol using molecular catalysts. These catalysts effectively harness and relay electrons, enhancing the longevity of solvated electrons and enabling multielectron reactions. Importantly, we revealed the intrinsic relationship between the size and charge density of a MEC and its reaction selectivity. Employing in situ mass spectrometry, we identified reaction intermediates (molecular catalyst adducts with HCOO) and oxidation products, elucidating the CO2 reduction mechanism and the comprehensive reaction procedure. Our research underscores the promising role of charged microdroplets in pioneering new electrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jianxiong Chen
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Wenxin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhenwei Wei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Zhong-Qun Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Feng Ru Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, iChEM, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
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34
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Sun H, Liu X, Li Y, Zhang F, Huang X, Sun C, Huang F. Mechanistic insights of electrocatalytic CO 2 reduction by Mn complexes: synergistic effects of the ligands. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1663-1672. [PMID: 38168800 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03453d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
The electrocatalytic mechanisms of CO2 reduction catalyzed by pyridine-oxazoline (pyrox)-based Mn catalysts were investigated by DFT calculations. In-depth comparative analyses of pyrox-based and bipyridine-based Mn complexes were carried out. C-OH cleavage is the rate-determining step for both the protonation-first path and the reduction-first path. The free energy of CO2 activation (ΔG1) and the electrons donated by CO ligands in this step are effective descriptors in regulating the C-OH cleavage barrier. The reduction of carboxylate complex 6 (E6) is the potential-determining step for the reduction-first path. Meanwhile, for the protonation-first path, the initial generation (E2) or the regeneration (E8) of active catalyst might be potential-determining. Hirshfeld charge and orbital contribution analysis indicate that E6 is definitely based on the heterocyclic ligand and E2 is related to both the heterocyclic ligand and three CO ligands. Therefore, replacement of the CO ligand by a stronger electron donating ligand can effectively boost the catalytic activity of CO2 reduction without increasing the overpotential in the reduction-first path. This hypothesis is supported by the mechanism calculations of the Mn complex in which the axial CO ligand is replaced by a pyridine or PMe3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Sun
- Department of Assets and Laboratory Management, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Xueqing Liu
- Department of Assets and Laboratory Management, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Yafeng Li
- Department of Assets and Laboratory Management, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Fang Zhang
- Department of Assets and Laboratory Management, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Xiuxiu Huang
- Department of Assets and Laboratory Management, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Chuanzhi Sun
- Department of Assets and Laboratory Management, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Fang Huang
- Department of Assets and Laboratory Management, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, P. R. China.
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35
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Tan Y, Sun G, Jiang T, Liu D, Li Q, Yang S, Chai J, Gao S, Yu H, Zhu M. Symmetry Breaking Enhancing the Activity of Electrocatalytic CO 2 Reduction on an Icosahedron-Kernel Cluster by Cu Atoms Regulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317471. [PMID: 38072830 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, CO2 hydrogenation had a new breakthrough resulting from the design of catalysts to effectively activate linear CO2 with symmetry-breaking sites. However, understanding the relationship between symmetry-breaking sites and catalytic activity at the atomic level is still a great challenge. In this study, a set of gold-copper alloy Au13 Cux (x=0-4) nanoclusters were used as research objects to show the symmetry-controlled breaking structure on the surface of nanoclusters with the help of manipulability of the Cu atoms. Among them, Au13 Cu3 nanocluster displays the highest degree of symmetry-breaking on its crystal structure compared with the other nanoclusters in the family. Where the three copper atoms occupying the surface of the icosahedral kernel unevenly with one copper atom is coordinately unsaturated (CuS2 motif relative to CuS3 motif). As expected, Au13 Cu3 has an excellent hydrogenation activity of CO2 , in which the current density is as high as 70 mA cm-2 (-0.97 V) and the maximum FECO reaches 99 % at -0.58 V. Through the combination of crystal structures and theoretical calculations, the excellent catalytic activity of Au13 Cu3 is revealed to be indeed closely related to its asymmetric structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesen Tan
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Guilin Sun
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Tingting Jiang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Qinzhen Li
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Sha Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Jinsong Chai
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Shan Gao
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Haizhu Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
| | - Manzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Atomic Engineering of Advanced Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology and Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Anhui University, 230601, Hefei, China
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36
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Pei J, Yang L, Lin J, Zhang Z, Sun Z, Wang D, Chen W. Integrating Host Design and Tailored Electronic Effects of Yolk-Shell Zn-Mn Diatomic Sites for Efficient CO 2 Electroreduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316123. [PMID: 37997525 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Modulating the surface and spatial structure of the host is associated with the reactivity of the active site, and also enhances the mass transfer effect of the CO2 electroreduction process (CO2 RR). Herein, we describe the development of two-step ligand etch-pyrolysis to access an asymmetric dual-atomic-site catalyst (DASC) composed of a yolk-shell carbon framework (Zn1 Mn1 -SNC) derived from S,N-coordinated Zn-Mn dimers anchored on a metal-organic framework (MOF). In Zn1 Mn1 -SNC, the electronic effects of the S/N-Zn-Mn-S/N configuration are tailored by strong interactions between Zn-Mn dual sites and co-coordination with S/N atoms, rendering structural stability and atomic distribution. In an H-cell, the Zn1 Mn1 -SNC DASC shows a low onset overpotential of 50 mV and high CO Faraday efficiency of 97 % with a low applied overpotential of 343 mV, thus outperforming counterparts, and in a flow cell, it also reaches a high current density of 500 mA cm-2 at -0.85 V, benefitting from the high structure accessibility and active dual sites. DFT simulations showed that the S,N-coordinated Zn-Mn diatomic site with optimal adsorption strength of COOH* lowers the reaction energy barrier, thus boosting the intrinsic CO2 RR activity on DASC. The structure-property correlation found in this study suggests new ideas for the development of highly accessible atomic catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajing Pei
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Li Yang
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Anhui, 230601, China
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Bautzner Landstrasse 400, 01328, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jie Lin
- Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Science, 1219 Zhongguan West Road, Ningbo, 315201, P. R. China
| | - Zedong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhiyi Sun
- Energy & Catalysis Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Dingsheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Wenxing Chen
- Energy & Catalysis Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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37
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Bens T, Walter RRM, Beerhues J, Lücke C, Gabler J, Sarkar B. Isolation, Characterization and Reactivity of Key Intermediates Relevant to Reductive (Electro)catalysis with Cp*Rh Complexes Containing Pyridyl-MIC (MIC=Mesoionic Carbene) Ligands. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202302354. [PMID: 37768608 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, metal complexes of pyridyl-mesoionic carbene (MIC) ligands have been reported as excellent homogeneous and molecular electrocatalysts. In combination with group 9 metals, such ligands form highly active catalysts for hydrogenation/transfer hydrogenation/hydrosilylation catalysis and electrocatalysts for dihydrogen production. Despite such progress, very little is known about the structural/electrochemical/spectroscopic properties of crucial intermediates for such catalytic reactions with these ligands: solvato complexes, reduced complexes and hydridic species. We present here a comprehensive study involving the isolation, crystallographic characterization, electrochemical/spectroelectrochemical/theoretical investigations, and in-situ reactivity studies of all the aforementioned crucial intermediates involving Cp*Rh and pyridyl-MIC ligands. A detailed mechanistic study of the precatalytic activation of [RhCp*] complexes with pyridyl-MIC ligands is presented. Intriguingly, amphiphilicity of the [RhCp*]-hydride complexes was observed, displaying the substrate dependent transfer of H+ , H or H- . To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first of its kind targeting intermediates and reactive species involving metal complexes of pyridyl-MIC ligands and investigating the interconversion amongst them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Bens
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Robert R M Walter
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Julia Beerhues
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Current Address, Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Paisos Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Clemens Lücke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Julia Gabler
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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38
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Wang X, Guo A, Wang Y, Chen Z, Guo Y, Xie H, Shan W, Zhang J. Br-doped Cu nanoparticle formed by in situ restructuring for highly efficient electrochemical reduction of CO 2 to formate. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 653:238-245. [PMID: 37716303 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.09.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical conversion of CO2 into chemical feedstock, such as an energy-dense liquid product (formate), is desirable to address the excessive emission of greenhouse gases and store energy. Cu-based catalysts exhibit great advantages in electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO2RR) due to their low cost and high abundance, but suffer from low selectivity of formate. In this work, a facile one-pot approach is developed to synthesize CuBr nanoparticle (CuBr NP) that can conduct in situ dynamic restructuring during eCO2RR to generate Br-doped Cu NP. The in situ-formed Br-doped Cu NP can afford up to 91.6% Faradaic efficiency (FE) for formate production with a partial current density of 15.1 mA·cm-2 at -0.94 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode (RHE) in an H-type cell. Moreover, Br-doped Cu NP can deliver excellent long-term stability for up to 25 h. The first-principles density functional theory (DFT) calculations show that the doped Br can regulate the electronic structure of Cu active sites to optimize the adsorption of the HCOO* intermediate, greatly hindering the formation of CO and H2. This work provides a strategy for electronic modulation of metal active site and suggests new opportunities in high selectivity for electrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to formate over Cu-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Wang
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, PR China.
| | - Awei Guo
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, PR China
| | - Yunlong Wang
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Guo
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, PR China
| | - Haijiao Xie
- Hangzhou Yanqu Information Technology Co.,Ltd, Y2, 2nd Floor, Building 2, Xixi Legu Creative Pioneering Park, No. 712 Wen'er West Road, Xihu District, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province 310003, PR China
| | - Weilong Shan
- Biochemical Engineering Research Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, PR China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- School of Fundamental Sciences, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu 233030, PR China.
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39
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Yang X, Li X, Liu M, Yang S, Xu Q, Zeng G. Quantitative Construction of Boronic-Ester Linkages in Covalent Organic Frameworks for the Carbon Dioxide Reduction. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202317785. [PMID: 38085127 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/22/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been utilized for catalyzing the reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2RR) due to their atomic metal centers and controllable pore channels, which are facilitated by different covalent bonds. However, the exploration of boron-based linkages in these catalytic COFs has been limited owing to potential instability. Herein, we present the construction of boronic ester-linked COFs through nucleophilic substitution reactions in order to catalyze the CO2 RR. The inclusion of abundant fluorine atoms within the frameworks enhances their hydrophobicity and subsequently improves water tolerance and chemical stability of COFs. The content of boron atoms in the COF linkages was carefully controlled, with COFs featuring a higher density of boron atoms exhibiting increased electronic conductivity, enhanced reductive ability, and stronger binding affinity towards CO2 . Consequently, these COFs demonstrate improved activity and selectivity. The optimized COFs achieve the highest activity, achieving a turnover frequency of 1695.3 h-1 and a CO selectivity of 95.0 % at -0.9 V. Operando synchrotron radiation measurements confirm the stability of Co (II) atoms as catalytically active sites. By successfully constructing boronic ester-linked COFs, we not only address potential instability concerns but also achieve exceptional catalytic performance for CO2 RR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiubei Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xuewen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Minghao Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
| | - Qing Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute (SARI), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 201210, P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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40
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Peng LY, Pan GN, Chen WK, Liu XY, Fang WH, Cui G. Photocatalytic Reduction of CO 2 to HCOOH and CO by a Phosphine-Bipyridine-Phosphine Ir(III) Catalyst: Photophysics, Nonadiabatic Effects, Mechanism, and Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023:e202315300. [PMID: 38085965 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalytic CO2 reduction is one of the best solutions to solve the global energy crisis and to realize carbon neutralization. The tetradentate phosphine-bipyridine (bpy)-phosphine (PNNP)-type Ir(III) photocatalyst, Mes-IrPCY2, was reported with a high HCOOH selectivity but the photocatalytic mechanism remains elusive. Herein, we employ electronic structure methods in combination with radiative, nonradiative, and electron transfer rate calculations, to explore the entire photocatalytic cycle to either HCOOH or CO, based on which a new mechanistic scenario is proposed. The catalytic reduction reaction starts from the generation of the precursor metal-to-ligand charge transfer (3 MLCT) state. Subsequently, the divergence happens from the 3 MLCT state, the single electron transfer (SET) and deprotonation process lead to the formation of one-electron-reduced species and Ir(I) species, which initiate the reduction reaction to HCOOH and CO, respectively. Interestingly, the efficient occurrence of proton or electron transfer reduces barriers of critical steps. In addition, nonadiabatic transitions play a nonnegligible role in the cycle. We suggest a lower free-energy barrier in the reaction-limiting step and the very efficient SET in 3 MLCT are cooperatively responsible for a high HCOOH selectivity. The gained mechanistic insights could help chemists to understand, regulate, and design photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction of similar function-integrated molecular photocatalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ya Peng
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Guang-Ning Pan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wen-Kai Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Material Science, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610068, China
| | - Wei-Hai Fang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
| | - Ganglong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei, 230088, China
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41
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Yong WW, Zhang HT, Guo YH, Xie F, Zhang MT. Redox-Active Ligand Assisted Multielectron Catalysis: A Case of Electrocatalyzed CO 2-to-CO Conversion. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2023; 3:384-392. [PMID: 38075450 PMCID: PMC10704577 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.3c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2024]
Abstract
The selective reduction of carbon dioxide remains a significant challenge due to the complex multielectron/proton transfer process, which results in a high kinetic barrier and the production of diverse products. Inspired by the electrostatic and H-bonding interactions observed in the second sphere of the [NiFe]-CODH enzyme, researchers have extensively explored these interactions to regulate proton transfer, stabilize intermediates, and ultimately improve the performance of catalytic CO2 reduction. In this work, a series of cobalt(II) tetraphenylporphyrins with varying numbers of redox-active nitro groups were synthesized and evaluated as CO2 reduction electrocatalysts. Analyses of the redox properties of these complexes revealed a consistent relationship between the number of nitro groups and the corresponding accepted electron number of the ligand at -1.59 V vs. Fc+/0. Among the catalysts tested, TNPPCo with four nitro groups exhibited the most efficient catalytic activity with a turnover frequency of 4.9 × 104 s-1 and a catalytic onset potential 820 mV more positive than that of the parent TPPCo. Furthermore, the turnover frequencies of the catalysts increased with a higher number of nitro groups. These results demonstrate the promising design strategy of incorporating multielectron redox-active ligands into CO2 reduction catalysts to enhance catalytic performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Yong
- Center
of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Institute
of Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), Jiangyou 621908, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhang
- Center
of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu-Hua Guo
- Center
of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fei Xie
- Center
of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Ming-Tian Zhang
- Center
of Basic Molecular Science (CBMS), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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42
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Li Y, Chen JY, Zhang X, Peng Z, Miao Q, Chen W, Xie F, Liao RZ, Ye S, Tung CH, Wang W. Electrocatalytic Interconversions of CO 2 and Formate on a Versatile Iron-Thiolate Platform. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 38019775 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Exploring bidirectional CO2/HCO2- catalysis holds significant potential in constructing integrated (photo)electrochemical formate fuel cells for energy storage and applications. Herein, we report selective CO2/HCO2- electrochemical interconversion by exploiting the flexible coordination modes and rich redox properties of a versatile iron-thiolate platform, Cp*Fe(II)L (L = 1,2-Ph2PC6H4S-). Upon oxidation, this iron complex undergoes formate binding to generate a diferric formate complex, [(L-)2Fe(III)(μ-HCO2)Fe(III)]+, which exhibits remarkable electrocatalytic performance for the HCO2--to-CO2 transformation with a maximum turnover frequency (TOFmax) ∼103 s-1 and a Faraday efficiency (FE) ∼92(±4)%. Conversely, this iron system also allows for reduction at -1.85 V (vs Fc+/0) and exhibits an impressive FE ∼93 (±3)% for the CO2-to-HCO2- conversion. Mechanism studies revealed that the HCO2--to-CO2 electrocatalysis passes through dicationic [(L2)-•Fe(III)(μ-HCO2)Fe(III)]2+ generated by unconventional oxidation of the diferric formate species taking place at ligand L, while the CO2-to-HCO2- reduction involves a critical intermediate of [Fe(II)-H]- that was independently synthesized and structurally characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxian Li
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jia-Yi Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xinchao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhiqiang Peng
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Qiyi Miao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Rong-Zhen Liao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shengfa Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Wenguang Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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43
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Yang S, Wang H, Xiong Y, Zhu M, Sun J, Jiang M, Zhang P, Wei J, Xing Y, Tie Z, Jin Z. Ultrafast Thermal Shock Synthesis and Porosity Engineering of 3D Hierarchical Cu-Bi Nanofoam Electrodes for Highly Selective Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:10140-10147. [PMID: 37930176 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Massive production of practical metal or alloy based electrocatalysts for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction is usually limited by energy-extensive consumption, poor reproducibility, and weak adhesion on electrode substrates. Herein, we report the ultrafast thermal shock synthesis and porosity engineering of free-standing Cu-Bi bimetallic nanofoam electrocatalysts with 3D hierarchical porous structure and easily adjustable compositions. During the thermal shock process, the rapid heating and cooling steps in several seconds result in strong interaction between metal nanopowders to form multiphase nanocrystallines with abundant grain boundaries and metastable CuBi intermetallic phase. The subsequent porosity engineering process via acid etching and electroreduction creates highly porous Cu-Bi structures that can increase electrochemically active surface area and facilitate mass/charge transfer. Among the Cu-Bi nanofoam electrodes with different Cu/Bi ratios, the Cu4Bi nanofoam exhibited the highest formate selectivity with a Faradaic efficiency of 92.4% at -0.9 V (vs reversible hydrogen electrode) and demonstrated excellent operation stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Huaizhu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yan Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Mengfei Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jingjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Minghang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Xihua University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610039, P. R. China
| | - Pengbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yizhi Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zuoxiu Tie
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
- Jiangsu BTR Nano Technology Co., Ltd., Changzhou, Jiangsu 213200, P. R. China
- Nanjing Tieming Energy Technology Co. Ltd., Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, P. R. China
- Suzhou Tierui New Energy Technology Co. Ltd., Suzhou, Jiangsu 215228, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic Chemistry, MOE Key Laboratory of High Performance Polymer Materials and Technology, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Organic Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P. R. China
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Jennings M, Cuéllar E, Rojo A, Ferrero S, García-Herbosa G, Nganga J, Angeles-Boza AM, Martín-Alvarez JM, Miguel D, Villafañe F. 1,2-Azolylamidino ruthenium(II) complexes with DMSO ligands: electro- and photocatalysts for CO 2 reduction. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:16974-16983. [PMID: 37933188 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01122d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
New 1,2-azolylamidino complexes fac-[RuCl(DMSO)3(NHC(R)az*-κ2N,N)]OTf [R = Me (2), Ph (3); az* = pz (pyrazolyl, a), indz (indazolyl, b)] are synthesized via chloride abstraction from their corresponding precursors cis,fac-[RuCl2(DMSO)3(az*H)] (1) after subsequent base-catalyzed coupling of the appropriate nitrile with the 1,2-azole previously coordinated. All the compounds are characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR and IR spectroscopy. Those derived from MeCN are also characterized by X-ray diffraction. Electrochemical studies showed several reduction waves in the range of -1.5 to -3 V. The electrochemical behavior in CO2 media is consistent with CO2 electrocatalytic reduction. The catalytic activity expressed as [icat(CO2)/ip(Ar)] ranged from 1.7 to 3.7 for the 1,2-azolylamidino complexes at voltages of ca. -2.7 to -3 V vs. ferrocene/ferrocenium. Controlled potential electrolysis showed rapid decomposition of the Ru catalysts. Photocatalytic CO2 reduction experiments using compounds 1b, 2b and 3b carried out in a CO2-saturated MeCN/TEOA (4 : 1 v/v) solution containing a mixture of the catalyst and [Ru(bipy)3]2+ as the photosensitizer under continuous irradiation (light intensity of 150 mW cm-2 at 25 °C, λ > 300 nm) show that compounds 1b, 2b and 3b allowed CO2 reduction catalysis, producing CO and trace amounts of formate. The combined turnover number for the production of formate and CO is ca. 100 after 8 h and follows the order 1b < 2b ≈ 3b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murphy Jennings
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Elena Cuéllar
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Ariadna Rojo
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Sergio Ferrero
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Gabriel García-Herbosa
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, 09001 Burgos, Spain
| | - John Nganga
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Alfredo M Angeles-Boza
- Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, 97 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 N. Eagleville Rd, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| | - Jose M Martín-Alvarez
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Daniel Miguel
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
| | - Fernando Villafañe
- GIR MIOMeT-IU Cinquima-Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Campus Miguel Delibes, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain.
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45
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Mudge MN, Bhadbhade M, Ball GE, Colbran SB. Ruthenium(II) Complexes of a Xanthene-Spanned Dicarbene Ligand. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:18901-18914. [PMID: 37939015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Octahedral ruthenium(II) complexes of a xanthene-di(N-heterocyclic carbene) ancillary ligand (XdC) have been prepared and structurally characterized. Examples catalyze the transfer hydrogenation of ketones {[Ru(CO)I2(C,O,C'-XdC)] (1) and [Ru(CO)(MeCN)2(C,O,C'-XdC)]2+ (22+)} and the selective electrochemical reduction of CO2 to CO {[Ru(N,N'-bpy)(CO)(C,O,C'-XdC)]2+ (32+) at 0.40 V overpotential in MeCN-H2O (1 M)}. The reaction of 1 with KBEt3H afforded isomers of [(C,C'-XdC)Ru(μ-H)(H)]2 dimers, which are stable to reductive elimination of the XdC ligand, thereby suggesting similar (XdC)Rh(coligand)(H)x species may be viable intermediates in catalyses. The electrochemical reduction of CO2 involves a double reduction of 32+ to 3••, which has been characterized by IR-SEC and DFT calculations. The DFT calculations suggest the Ru-Oxanth bond breaks in 3••, opening a metal site for CO2 binding with selectivity over protons enabled by the diffuse nature of the HOMO delocalized over the metal and the bipyridine and carbonyl coligands. The results point to the promise of metal complexes of flexible and hemilabile xanthene-(NHC)2 ancillary ligands in catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Mudge
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Bedegal Country, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Mohan Bhadbhade
- Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, University of New South Wales, Bedegal Country, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Graham E Ball
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Bedegal Country, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
| | - Stephen B Colbran
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Bedegal Country, Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia
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46
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Gobbato T, Volpato GA, Sartorel A, Bonchio M. A breath of sunshine: oxygenic photosynthesis by functional molecular architectures. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12402-12429. [PMID: 38020375 PMCID: PMC10646967 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc03780k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The conversion of light into chemical energy is the game-changer enabling technology for the energetic transition to renewable and clean solar fuels. The photochemistry of interest includes the overall reductive/oxidative splitting of water into hydrogen and oxygen and alternatives based on the reductive conversion of carbon dioxide or nitrogen, as primary sources of energy-rich products. Devices capable of performing such transformations are based on the integration of three sequential core functions: light absorption, photo-induced charge separation, and the photo-activated breaking/making of molecular bonds via specific catalytic routes. The key to success does not rely simply on the individual components' performance, but on their optimized integration in terms of type, number, geometry, spacing, and linkers dictating the photosynthetic architecture. Natural photosynthesis has evolved along this concept, by integrating each functional component in one specialized "body" (from the Greek word "soma") to enable the conversion of light quanta with high efficiency. Therefore, the natural "quantasome" represents the key paradigm to inspire man-made constructs for artificial photosynthesis. The case study presented in this perspective article deals with the design of artificial photosynthetic systems for water oxidation and oxygen production, engineered as molecular architectures then rendered on electrodic surfaces. Water oxidation to oxygen is indeed the pervasive oxidative reaction used by photosynthetic organisms, as the source of reducing equivalents (electrons and protons) to be delivered for the processing of high-energy products. Considering the vast and abundant supply of water (including seawater) as a renewable source on our planet, this is also a very appealing option for photosynthetic energy devices. We will showcase the progress in the last 15 years (2009-2023) in the strategies for integrating functional building blocks as molecular photosensitizers, multi-redox water oxidation catalysts and semiconductor materials, highlighting how additional components such as redox mediators, hydrophilic/hydrophobic pendants, and protective layers can impact on the overall photosynthetic performance. Emerging directions consider the modular tuning of the multi-component device, in order to target a diversity of photocatalytic oxidations, expanding the scope of the primary electron and proton sources while enhancing the added-value of the oxidation product beyond oxygen: the selective photooxidation of organics combines the green chemistry vision with renewable energy schemes and is expected to explode in coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Gobbato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Giulia Alice Volpato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Andrea Sartorel
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
| | - Marcella Bonchio
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
- ITM-CNR Section of Padova, INSTM Unit of Padova via Marzolo 1 35131 Padova Italy
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47
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Jökel J, Boydas EB, Wellauer J, Wenger OS, Robert M, Römelt M, Apfel UP. A Cu ICo II cryptate for the visible light-driven reduction of CO 2. Chem Sci 2023; 14:12774-12783. [PMID: 38020384 PMCID: PMC10646873 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02679e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Among the rare bimetallic complexes known for the reduction of CO2, CoIICoII and ZnIICoII hexamine cryptates are described as efficient photocatalysts. In close relation to the active sites of natural, CO2-reducing enzymes, we recently reported the asymmetric cryptand {NSNN}m ({NSNN}m = N[(CH2)2SCH2(m-C6H4)CH2NH(CH2)2]3N) comprising distinct sulphur- and nitrogen-rich binding sites and the corresponding CuIMII (MII = CoII, NiII, CuII) complexes. To gain insight into the effect of metals in different oxidation states and sulphur-incorporation on the photocatalytic activity, we herein investigate the CuICoII complex of {NSNN}m as catalyst for the visible light-driven reduction of CO2. After 24 h irradiation with LED light of 450 nm, CuICoII-{NSNN}m shows a high efficiency for the photocatalytic CO2-to-CO conversion with 9.22 μmol corresponding to a turnover number of 2305 and a high selectivity of 98% over the competing H2 production despite working in an acetonitrile/water (4 : 1) mixture. Experiments with mononuclear counterparts and computational studies show that the high activity can be attributed to synergistic catalysis between Cu and Co. Furthermore, it was shown that an increase of the metal distance results in the loss of synergistic effects and rather single-sited Co catalysis is observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Jökel
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT Osterfelder Str. 3 46047 Oberhausen Germany
| | - Esma Birsen Boydas
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Joël Wellauer
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Oliver S Wenger
- Department of Chemistry, Universität Basel St. Johanns-Ring 19 4056 Basel Switzerland
| | - Marc Robert
- Université Paris Cité, Laboratoire d'Electrochimie Moléculaire, CNRS F-75013 Paris France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF) F-76006 Paris France
| | - Michael Römelt
- Institute of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT Osterfelder Str. 3 46047 Oberhausen Germany
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr-Universität Bochum Universitätsstr. 150 44801 Bochum Germany
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48
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Zhu C, D'Agostino C, de Visser SP. Mechanism of CO 2 Reduction to Methanol with H 2 on an Iron(II)-scorpionate Catalyst. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302832. [PMID: 37694535 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
CO2 utilization is an important process in the chemical industry with great environmental power. In this work we show how CO2 and H2 can be reacted to form methanol on an iron(II) center and highlight the bottlenecks for the reaction and what structural features of the catalyst are essential for efficient turnover. The calculations predict the reactions to proceed through three successive reaction cycles that start with heterolytic cleavage of H2 followed by sequential hydride and proton transfer processes. The H2 splitting process is an endergonic process and hence high pressures will be needed to overcome this step and trigger the hydrogenation reaction. Moreover, H2 cleavage into a hydride and proton requires a metal to bind hydride and a nearby source to bind the proton, such as an amide or pyrazolyl group, which the scorpionate ligand used here facilitates. As such the computations highlight the non-innocence of the ligand scaffold through proton shuttle from H2 to substrate as an important step in the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxu Zhu
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Carmine D'Agostino
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Civile, Chimica, Ambientale e dei Materiali (DICAM), Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, Via Terracini, 28, 40131, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sam P de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, United Kingdom
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49
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Xia F, Xu Q, Yang F, Shu L, Wen Y. Enhancing the electrocatalytic performance of SnX 2 (X = S and Se) monolayers for CO 2 reduction to HCOOH via transition metal atom adsorption: a theoretical investigation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:33114-33119. [PMID: 37954411 PMCID: PMC10633812 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06692d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring highly efficient, stable, and low-cost electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) can not only mitigate greenhouse gas emission but also store renewable energy. Herein, CO2 electroreduction to HCOOH on the surface of SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayer-supported non-noble metal atoms (Fe, Co and Ni) was systematically investigated using first-principles calculations. Our results show that Fe, Co and Ni adsorbed on the surface of SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayers can effectively enhance their electrocatalytic activity for CO2 reduction to HCOOH with low limiting potentials due to the decreasing energy barrier of *OOCH. Moreover, the lower free energy of the *OOCH intermediate on the surface of TM/SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayers verifies that the electroreduction of CO2 to HCOOH prefers to proceed along the path: CO2 → *OOCH → *HCOOH → HCOOH. Interestingly, SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayer-supported Co and Ni atoms prefer the HCOOH product with low CRR overpotentials of 0.03/0.01 V and 0.13/0.05 V, respectively, showing remarkable catalytic performance. This work reveals an efficient strategy to enhance the electrocatalytic performance of SnX2 (X = S and Se) monolayers for CO2 reduction to HCOOH, which could provide a way to design and develop new CRR catalysts experimentally in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feifei Xia
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Qing Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Fengli Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Li Shu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
| | - Yingpin Wen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou 213001 Jiangsu P. R. China
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50
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Saha S, Doughty T, Banerjee D, Patel SK, Mallick D, Iyer ESS, Roy S, Mitra R. Electrocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to CO by a series of organometallic Re(I)-tpy complexes. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:15394-15411. [PMID: 37203345 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00441d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
A series of organometallic Re(I)(L)(CO)3Br complexes with 4'-substituted terpyridine ligands (L) has been synthesised as electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction. The complexes' spectroscopic characterisation and computationally optimised geometry demonstrate a facial geometry around Re(I) with three cis COs and the terpyridine ligand coordinating in a bidentate mode. The effect of substitution on the 4'-position of terpyridine (Re1-5) on CO2 electroreduction was investigated and compared with a known Lehn-type catalyst, Re(I)(bpy)(CO)3Br (Re7). All complexes catalyse CO evolution in homogeneous organic media at moderate overpotentials (0.75-0.95 V) with faradaic yields of 62-98%. The electrochemical catalytic activity was further evaluated in the presence of three Brønsted acids to demonstrate the influence of the pKa of the proton sources. The TDDFT and ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy (TAS) studies showed combined charge transfer bands of ILCT and MLCT. Amongst the series, the Re-complex containing a ferrocenyl-substituted terpyridine ligand (Re5) shows an additional intra-ligand charge transfer band and was probed using UV-Vis spectroelectrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shriya Saha
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa 403401, India.
| | - Thomas Doughty
- School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, LN6 7DL, UK.
| | - Dibyendu Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India.
| | - Sunil K Patel
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa 403401, India.
| | - Dibyendu Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India.
| | - E Siva Subramaniam Iyer
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa 403401, India.
| | - Souvik Roy
- School of Chemistry, University of Lincoln, Green Lane, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, LN6 7DL, UK.
| | - Raja Mitra
- School of Chemical and Materials Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Goa, Farmagudi, Goa 403401, India.
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