1
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Krämer F. Aluminum in Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202405207. [PMID: 38826040 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202405207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
This review article describes the development of the use of aluminum compounds in the chemistry of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) over the last 14 years. It also discusses the synthesis, reactivity and catalytic applications of intermolecular, intramolecular and so-called hidden FLPs with phosphorus, nitrogen and carbon Lewis bases. The intrinsically higher acidity of aluminum compounds compared to their boron analogs opens up different reaction pathways. The results are presented in a more or less chronological order. It is shown that Al FLPs react with a variety of polar and non-polar substrates and form both stable adducts and reversibly activate bonds. Consequently, some catalytic applications of the title compounds were presented such as dimerization of alkynes, hydrogenation of tert-butyl ethylene and imines, C-F bond activation, reduction of CO2, dehydrogenation of amine borane and transfer of ammonia. In addition, various Al FLPs were used as initiators in polymerization reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Krämer
- C1 Green Chemicals AG, Am Studio 2a, 12489, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Saptal VB, Ranjan P, Zbořil R, Nowicki M, Walkowiak J. Magnetically Recyclable Borane Lewis Acid Catalyst for Hydrosilylation of Imines and Reductive Amination of Carbonyls. CHEMSUSCHEM 2024; 17:e202400058. [PMID: 38630961 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202400058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Fluorinated arylborane-based Lewis acid catalysts have shown remarkable activity and serve as ideal examples of transition metal-free catalysts for diverse organic transformations. However, their homogeneous nature poses challenges in terms of recyclability and separation from reaction mixtures. This work presents an efficient technique for the heterogenization of boron Lewis acid catalysts by anchoring Piers' borane to allyl-functionalized iron oxide. This catalyst demonstrates excellent activity in the hydrosilylation of imines and the reductive amination of carbonyls using various silanes as reducing agents under mild reaction conditions. The catalyst exhibits broad tolerance towards a wide range of functional substrates. Furthermore, it exhibits good recyclability and can be easily separated from the products using an external magnetic field. This work represents a significant advance in the development of sustainable heterogenous metal-free catalysts for organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitthal B Saptal
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Poznań, 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
| | - Prabodh Ranjan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India, 208016
| | - Radek Zbořil
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, CATRIN), Palacký University Olomouc, Šlechtitelů 27, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- CEET, Nanotechnology Centre, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, 17. listopadu 2172/15, 708 00, Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
| | - Marek Nowicki
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Poznań, 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Materials Engineering and Technical Physics, Poznan University of Technology, Piotrowo 3, 60-965, Poznan, Poland
| | - Jędrzej Walkowiak
- Center for Advanced Technology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego Poznań, 10, 61-614, Poznan, Poland
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3
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Sun Y, Zhang C, Zhang X. O/S Exchange Reaction in Synthesizing Sulfur-Containing Polymers. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401684. [PMID: 38802324 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Using carbon disulfide (CS2) and carbonyl sulfide (COS) as sulfur-containing and one-carbon feedstocks to make value-added products is paramount for both pure and applied chemistry and environmental science. One of the practical strategies is to copolymerize these bulk chemicals with epoxides to produce sulfur-containing polymers. This approach contributes to improving the sustainability of polymer manufacturing, provides highly desired functional polymer materials, and has attracted much attention. However, these copolymerizations invariably exhibit the intensely complicated chemistry of O/S exchange reaction, leading to sulfur-containing polymers with diverse architectures. As the understanding of O/S exchange continues to deepen, recent efforts have guided significant advances in the synthesis of CS2- and COS-based polymers. This review examines the O/S exchange chemistry and summarizes the recent progress in this field to promote the further advance of synthesizing sulfur-containing polymers from CS2 and COS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Chengjian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Xinghong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biobased Transportation Fuel Technology, International Research Center for X Polymers, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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4
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Lin Q, Kundu D, Skyllas-Kazacos M, Lu J, Zhao D, Amine K, Dai L, Wang DW. Perspective on Lewis Acid-Base Interactions in Emerging Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2406151. [PMID: 39030779 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202406151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Lewis acid-base interactions are common in chemical processes presented in diverse applications, such as synthesis, catalysis, batteries, semiconductors, and solar cells. The Lewis acid-base interactions allow precise tuning of material properties from the molecular level to more aggregated and organized structures. This review will focus on the origin, development, and prospects of applying Lewis acid-base interactions for the materials design and mechanism understanding in the advancement of battery materials and chemistries. The covered topics relate to aqueous batteries, lithium-ion batteries, solid-state batteries, alkali metal-sulfur batteries, and alkali metal-oxygen batteries. In this review, the Lewis acid-base theories will be first introduced. Thereafter the application strategies for Lewis acid-base interactions in solid-state and liquid-based batteries will be introduced from the aspects of liquid electrolyte, solid polymer electrolyte, metal anodes, and high-capacity cathodes. The underlying mechanism is highlighted in regard to ion transport, electrochemical stability, mechanical property, reaction kinetics, dendrite growth, corrosion, and so on. Last but not least, perspectives on the future directions related to Lewis acid-base interactions for next-generation batteries are like to be shared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaowei Lin
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, 518071, China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518071, China
| | - Dipan Kundu
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Maria Skyllas-Kazacos
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Jun Lu
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Dongyuan Zhao
- Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, College of Chemistry and Materials, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Khalil Amine
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Liming Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Da-Wei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering, Shenzhen University of Advanced Technology, Shenzhen, 518071, China
- Institute of Technology for Carbon Neutrality, Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, 518071, China
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5
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Aarsen C, Liguori A, Mattsson R, Sipponen MH, Hakkarainen M. Designed to Degrade: Tailoring Polyesters for Circularity. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8473-8515. [PMID: 38936815 PMCID: PMC11240263 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
A powerful toolbox is needed to turn the linear plastic economy into circular. Development of materials designed for mechanical recycling, chemical recycling, and/or biodegradation in targeted end-of-life environment are all necessary puzzle pieces in this process. Polyesters, with reversible ester bonds, are already forerunners in plastic circularity: poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is the most recycled plastic material suitable for mechanical and chemical recycling, while common aliphatic polyesters are biodegradable under favorable conditions, such as industrial compost. However, this circular design needs to be further tailored for different end-of-life options to enable chemical recycling under greener conditions and/or rapid enough biodegradation even under less favorable environmental conditions. Here, we discuss molecular design of the polyester chain targeting enhancement of circularity by incorporation of more easily hydrolyzable ester bonds, additional dynamic bonds, or degradation catalyzing functional groups as part of the polyester chain. The utilization of polyester circularity to design replacement materials for current volume plastics is also reviewed as well as embedment of green catalysts, such as enzymes in biodegradable polyester matrices to facilitate the degradation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine
V. Aarsen
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Liguori
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Rebecca Mattsson
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mika H. Sipponen
- Department
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 106
91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Minna Hakkarainen
- Department
of Fibre and Polymer Technology, KTH Royal
Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 58, 100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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6
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Li C, Zhao W, He J, Zhang Y. Topology Controlled All-(Meth)acrylic Thermoplastic Elastomers by Multi-Functional Lewis Pairs-Mediated Polymerization. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202401265. [PMID: 38390752 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202401265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
It remains challenging to synthesize all-(meth)acrylic triblock thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs), due to the drastically different reactivities between the acrylates and methacrylates and inevitable occurrence of side reactions during polymerization of acrylates. By taking advantage of the easy structural modulation features of N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs), we design and synthesize strong nucleophilic tetraphenylethylene-based NHOs varying in the number (i.e. mono-, dual- and tetra-) of initiating functional groups. Its combination with bulky organoaluminum [iBuAl(BHT)2] (BHT=bis(2,6-di-tBu-4-methylphenoxy)) constructs Lewis pair (LP) to realize the living polymerization of both acrylates and methacrylates, furnishing polyacrylates with ultrahigh molecular weight (Mn up to 2174 kg ⋅ mol-1) within 4 min. Moreover, these NHO-based LPs enable us to not only realize the control over the polymers' topology (i.e. linear and star), but also achieve triblock star copolymers in one-step manner. Mechanical studies reveal that the star triblock TPEs exhibit better mechanical properties (elongation at break up to 1863 % and tensile strength up to 19.1 MPa) in comparison with the linear analogs. Moreover, the presence of tetraphenylethylene group in the NHOs entitled the triblock TPEs with excellent AIE properties in both solution and solid state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengkai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, 130012
- SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Beijing, China, 100013
| | - Wuchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, 130012
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, 130012
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China, 130012
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7
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Meelua W, Linnolahti M, Jitonnom J. Mechanism of cationic ring-opening polymerisation of ε-caprolactone using metallocene/borate catalytic systems: a DFT and NCI study on chain initiation, propagation and termination. RSC Adv 2024; 14:11715-11727. [PMID: 38605894 PMCID: PMC11008195 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01178c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We present a comprehensive DFT investigation on the cationic ring-opening polymerisation (CROP) of ε-caprolactone (CL) using zirconocene/borate catalyst systems. All possible pathways of the interaction between cationic species [Cp2ZrMe+] and counteranions, [A-] = [MeB(C6F5)3]- and [B(C6F5)4]-, were examined during chain initiation, propagation, and termination steps. The calculations reveal an active chain-end mechanism with O-alkyl bond cleavage of the polymerisation. The catalytic performance of the two counteranions is found to be identical, and they influence the initial process through stabilisation of the cationic species via non-covalent interactions (NCI), with the [MeB(C6F5)3]- anion stabilising the catalyst-monomer complex more effectively than the [B(C6F5)4]- anion by 24.3 kJ mol-1. The first two propagations are likely the rate-determining step, with calculated free-energy barriers of 61.4-71.2 and 73.9-80.6 kJ mol-1 with and without the anions (A-), respectively. The presence of the counteranion significantly affects the third propagation rate, lowering the barriers up to 20 kJ mol-1. Comparison of the first termination and the third propagation shows that they are not competitive, with the termination being less facile. We also studied the initiation and propagation steps for the hafnocene catalyst and found that the Hf catalyst slightly favours the CL CROP in comparison to the Zr catalyst. Analysis of solvent and dispersion interaction demonstrates that both factors play an important role in the process. NCI analysis reveals weak (van der Waals) interactions at the contacts between the cationic species and the counteranions during the reaction course. Overall, our results offer insights into the structures and interactions involved in the polymerisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wijitra Meelua
- Demonstration School, University of Phayao Phayao 56000 Thailand
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, and Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao Phayao 56000 Thailand
| | - Mikko Linnolahti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland Joensuu Campus Yliopistokatu 7 FI-80100 Joensuu Finland
| | - Jitrayut Jitonnom
- Unit of Excellence in Computational Molecular Science and Catalysis, and Division of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Phayao Phayao 56000 Thailand
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8
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Zhang YY, Yang GW, Lu C, Zhu XF, Wang Y, Wu GP. Organoboron-mediated polymerizations. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:3384-3456. [PMID: 38411207 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00115f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
The scientific community has witnessed extensive developments and applications of organoboron compounds as synthetic elements and metal-free catalysts for the construction of small molecules, macromolecules, and functional materials over the last two decades. This review highlights the achievements of organoboron-mediated polymerizations in the past several decades alongside the mechanisms underlying these transformations from the standpoint of the polymerization mode. Emphasis is placed on free radical polymerization, Lewis pair polymerization, ionic (cationic and anionic) polymerization, and polyhomologation. Herein, alkylborane/O2 initiating systems mediate the radical polymerization under ambient conditions in a controlled/living manner by careful optimization of the alkylborane structure or additives; when combined with Lewis bases, the selected organoboron compounds can mediate the Lewis pair polymerization of polar monomers; the bicomponent organoboron-based Lewis pairs and bifunctional organoboron-onium catalysts catalyze ring opening (co)polymerization of cyclic monomers (with heteroallenes, such as epoxides, CO2, CO, COS, CS2, episulfides, anhydrides, and isocyanates) with well-defined structures and high reactivities; and organoboranes initiate the polyhomologation of sulfur ylides and arsonium ylides providing functional polyethylene with different topologies. The topological structures of the produced polymers via these organoboron-mediated polymerizations are also presented in this review mainly including linear polymers, block copolymers, cyclic polymers, and graft polymers. We hope the summary and understanding of how organoboron compounds mediate polymerizations can inspire chemists to apply these principles in the design of more advanced organoboron compounds, which may be beneficial for the polymer chemistry community and organometallics/organocatalysis community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Yao Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- National Engineering Laboratory for Textile Fiber Materials and Processing Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chenjie Lu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Feng Zhu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Yuhui Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, Zhejiang, China.
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9
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Kou X. Mechanistic Insight Into the Reactivity of Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Liquid-State NMR Studies. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-12. [PMID: 38446616 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2324299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs) have been widely investigated as promising catalysts due to their metal-free feature and ability to activate small molecules. Over the last few years, the structure, dynamics and interactions between the Lewis centers and their effects on the reactivity with different substrates have been studied. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is a powerful tool in studying the reaction intermediates, kinetics and mechanism of frustrated Lewis pairs (FLPs). Various NMR experiments have been applied to precisely determine the association or cooperativity of FLPs and one or two-dimensional spectra were obtained. Herein, insights coming from NMR spectroscopy for FLPs are presented, the structure and reactivity of FLPs in solution are described, and their effects on the kinetics and mechanism of different substrates are also illustrated in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Kou
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Polymer Materials, Shandong Provincial Education Department, Analyses and Testing Center, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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10
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Chen S, Su X, Dong Y, Liu J, Yang F, Guo H, Zhang C. Cu-Catalyzed Divergent Transformations of Allenylethylene Carbonates with Diboron Reagents. Org Lett 2024; 26:960-965. [PMID: 38240566 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.3c04316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Divergent transformations of allenylethylene carbonates with diboron reagents catalyzed by copper are disclosed. By using CuCl/IPr·HCl as the catalyst, the allenylethylene carbonates react with B2hex2 to afford 2,4-dien-1-ols as the product in the presence of Cs2CO3 as the base, iPrOH as the additive, and 1,4-dioxane as the solvent. And they react with B2pin2 to form boronic half acids in the presence of NaOtBu as the base, water as the additive, and THF as the solvent. The reactions afford corresponding products in good stereoselectivities and yields, and further derivatizations of boronic half acids and study of the mechanism are also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijie Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Su
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Yujie Dong
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Fazhou Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Hongchao Guo
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Innovation Center of Pesticide Research, China Agricultural University, 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing 100193, P. R. China
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11
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Yeganeh-Salman A, Yeung J, Miao L, Stephan DW. Coordination chemistry and FLP reactivity of 1,1- and 1,2-bis-boranes. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1178-1189. [PMID: 38108120 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03660j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Coordination chemistry and frustrated Lewis pair (FLP) chemistry have been most commonly studied using monodentate Lewis acids. In this paper, we examine the corresponding reactions employing the 1,1- and 1,2-bis-boranes, PhCH2CH(B(C6F5)2)21 and Me3SiCH(B(C6F5)2)CH2B(C6F5)22, respectively. Coordination of isocyanide to these species results in the formation of the products RCH(B(C6F5)2CNtBu)CH2(B(C6F5)2CNtBu) (R = Ph 3, Me3Si 4). The rearrangement of 1 to give the 1,2-bis-borane adduct 3 was probed and attributed to a donor-induced retrohydroboration and subsequent hydroboration. The analogous reaction of 1 is evident in efforts to use the Gutman-Beckett method to assess its Lewis acidity. However, in combination with tBu3P, bis-boranes 1 and 2 form FLPs and react with H2 to give [tBu3PH][PhCH2CH(B(C6F5)2)2(μ-H)] 5a and [tBu3PH][Me3SiCH(B(C6F5)2)CH2(B(C6F5)2)(μ-H)] 6, respectively. Reactions of 1 and 2 with various donors and PhCCH were shown to give deprotonation and addition products, depending on the nature of the base. However, in the case of 1, products resulting from retrohydroboration, and subsequent hydroboration are evident. Several of these alkyne products are crystallographically characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Yeganeh-Salman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, ON, M5S3H6, Canada.
| | - Jason Yeung
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, ON, M5S3H6, Canada.
| | - Linkun Miao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, ON, M5S3H6, Canada.
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George St, Toronto, ON, M5S3H6, Canada.
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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12
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Ju S, Zhang C, Tang B, Liu LL, Stephan DW, Wu Y. The Lewis superacidic aluminium cation: [(NHC)Al(C 6F 5) 2] . Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:698-701. [PMID: 38111304 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05440c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
The aluminium salt [(NHC)Al(tol)(C6F5)2][B(C6F5)4], (NHC = C3H2(N(iPr2C6H3))2) is shown to behave as a Lewis superacid as it abstracts fluoride from [SbF6]-. It also acts as a Lewis acid catalyst for hydrosilyation, hydrodefluorination and Friedel-Crafts reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoying Ju
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Beili Tang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Yile Wu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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13
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Goswami S, Mandal P, Sarkar S, Mukherjee M, Pal S, Mallick D, Mukherjee D. Flexible NHC-aryloxido aluminum complex and its zwitterionic imidazolium aluminate precursor in ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:1346-1354. [PMID: 38164613 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02932h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Anionic donor-functionalized NHC (N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes of Al are rare. We report one such case here, an NHC-aryloxido AlMe2 complex [Al(L)Me2] (2), following a stepwise synthesis from the proligand [HO-4,6-tBu2-C6H2-2-CH2{CH(NCHCHNAr)}]Br [LH2Br; Ar = 2,6-iPr2-C6H3 (Dipp)] and AlMe3via the zwitterionic intermediate [Al(LH)Me2Br] (1). The ligand's flexibility in 2 is evident from the conformational fluxionality revealed by VT-1H NMR spectroscopic analysis. The ∠O-Al-C (ca. 100.5°) bite angle is also wider than the ∠O-Ti-C (ca. 80.6°) as seen in our recently reported Ti complex [Ti(L)(NMe2)2Br]. DFT analysis showed that the CNHC-Al bond is significantly ionic, as is the CNHC-Ti bond. Both 1 and 2 are active in the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (CL). 2, similar to [Ti(L)(NMe2)2Br], exhibits bifunctional MLC-type monomer activation, but only at an elevated temperature. However, the 2/BnOH combination is catalytically active at room temperature, likely through a zwitterionic [Al(LH)Me2(OBn)]. The 1/BnOH combination follows a similar mechanism but surprisingly at a faster rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santu Goswami
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Pranay Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
| | - Subham Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Mainak Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India.
| | - Samanwita Pal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur, Karwar, Rajasthan 342037, India.
| | - Dibyendu Mallick
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, 86/1 College Street, Kolkata, 700073, West Bengal, India.
| | - Debabrata Mukherjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, 741246, West Bengal, India.
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14
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Li S, Hong D, Sun K. Lignin precursors enhance exolaccase-started humification of bisphenol A to form functional polymers. ECO-ENVIRONMENT & HEALTH (ONLINE) 2023; 2:219-226. [PMID: 38435360 PMCID: PMC10902508 DOI: 10.1016/j.eehl.2023.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Humification plays a significant role in converting phenolic pollutants and forming heterogeneous polymers, but few studies have been performed to investigate exolaccase-started humification (ESH). Herein, the influences of lignin precursors (LPs) on exolaccase-induced bisphenol A (BPA) removal and humification were explored. In particular, the architectural features and botanical effects of the formed humification products were also tested. ESH was extremely beneficial in boosting BPA removal in the presence of LPs. Compared with LP-free (58.49%), 100% of BPA was eliminated after the reaction with ESH for 72 h. Such a process was controlled by an exolaccase-caused random assembly of radicals, which generated a large number of hydrophobic polymers through nonspecific covalent binding of C-C and/or C-O. These humified polymers were extremely stable at pH 2.0-10.0 and -20 °C to 80 °C and displayed unique functions, i.e., scavenged 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl/2,2'-azino-bis3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid radicals and exerted antioxidant capacities. More importantly, the functional polymers could act as auxin analogs to increase the germination index (>100%), plant biomass, and salt tolerance of radish seedlings. Our findings disclosed that ESH could not only be optimized to mitigate the ecological risks of phenolic pollutants and sequester organic carbon in environmental bioremediation, but the resulting abundant auxin analogs also contributed to agricultural productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyao Li
- Laboratory of Wetland Protection and Ecological Restoration, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Dan Hong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Kai Sun
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention, College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China
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15
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Xu CK, Yang GW, Lu C, Wu GP. A Binary Silicon-Centered Organoboron Catalyst with Superior Performance to That of Its Bifunctional Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202312376. [PMID: 37847123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202312376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
This work reported that a silicon-centered alkyl borane/ammonium salt binary (two-component) catalyst exhibits much higher activity than its bifunctional analogue (one-component) for the ring-opening polymerization of propylene oxide, showing 7.3 times the activity of its bifunctional analogue at a low catalyst loading of 0.01 mol %, and even 15.3 times the activity at an extremely low loading of 0.002 mol %. By using 19 F NMR spectroscopy, control experiments, and theoretical calculation we discovered that the central silicon atom displays appropriate electron density and a larger intramolecular cavity, which is useful to co-activate the monomer and to deliver propagating chains, thus leading to a better intramolecular synergic effect than its bifunctional analogue. A unique two-pathway initiation mode was proposed to explain the unusual high activity of the binary catalytic system. This study breaks the traditional impression of the binary Lewis acid/nucleophilic catalyst with poor activity because of the increase in entropy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Kai Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chenjie Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, 311121, China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials and Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Yuhangtang Road 866, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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16
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Wang M, Shanmugam M, McInnes EJL, Shaver MP. Light-Induced Polymeric Frustrated Radical Pairs as Building Blocks for Materials and Photocatalysts. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:24294-24301. [PMID: 37890166 PMCID: PMC10636756 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c09075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric frustrated Lewis pairs, or poly(FLP)s, have served to bridge the gap between functional polymer science and main group catalysis, pairing the uniqueness of sterically frustrated Lewis acids and bases with a polymer scaffold to create self-healing gels and recyclable catalysts. However, their utilization in radical chemistry is unprecedented. In this paper, we disclose the synthesis of polymeric frustrated radical pairs, or poly(FRP)s, by in situ photoinduction of FLP moieties, where their Lewis acidic and basic centers are tuned to promote single electron transfer (SET). Through systematic manipulation of the chemical structure, we demonstrate that inclusion of ortho-methyl groups on phosphine monomers is crucial to enable SET. The generation of radicals is evidenced by monitoring the stable polymeric phosphine radical cations via UV/vis and EPR spectroscopy. These new poly(FRP)s enable both catalytic hydrogenation and radical-mediated photocatalytic perfluoroalkylations. These polymeric radical systems open new avenues to design novel functional polymers for catalysis and photoelectrical chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Sustainable
Materials Innovation Hub, Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Muralidharan Shanmugam
- Photon
Science Institute, Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Eric J. L. McInnes
- Photon
Science Institute, Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
| | - Michael P. Shaver
- Department
of Materials, School of Natural Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
- Sustainable
Materials Innovation Hub, Henry Royce Institute, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K.
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17
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Sharova EA, Falchevskaya AS, Leonchuk SS, Redkov AV, Nikolaev V, Vinogradov VV. Liquid metal-mediated fabrication of metalloid nanoarchitectures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:10928-10931. [PMID: 37605935 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc02882h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/23/2023]
Abstract
By overcoming all conventional limitations associated with the synthesis of metalloid micro- and nanoparticles in aqueous media, we present a new one-step approach to the synthesis of highly crystalline metalloid hollow architectures. The liquid metal-mediated synthesis of Ge- and Sb-based hollow structures with satisfactory reaction kinetics at room temperature and normal pressure is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A Sharova
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
| | - Aleksandra S Falchevskaya
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
| | - Sergei S Leonchuk
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
| | - Alexey V Redkov
- Institute for Problems in Mechanical Engineering RAS, Saint-Petersburg, 199178, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaly Nikolaev
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
| | - Vladimir V Vinogradov
- ITMO University, "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies" (SCAMT), International Institute, Saint Petersburg 191002, Russian Federation.
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18
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Yato H, Oto K, Takasu A, Higuchi M. Catenane formation of a cyclic poly(alkyl sorbate) via chain-growth polymerization induced by an N-heterocyclic carbene and ring-closing without extreme dilution. RSC Adv 2023; 13:13616-13623. [PMID: 37152560 PMCID: PMC10155494 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01614e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
1,3-Di-tert-butylimidazol-2-ylidene (NHCtBu), a typical N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC), was previously found to induce the anionic chain-growth polymerization of ethyl sorbate (ES) in the presence of an aluminum Lewis acid, i.e., methylaluminum bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxide) (MAD), in which the neighboring of α-terminal dienolate with a propagating anion induced cyclization without highly diluted conditions, after monomer depletion, to give the cyclic poly(ES). In this paper, we report that catenane formation occurs by two-step polymerization of ethyl sorbate (ES), in which, after complete monomer (ES) consumption ([ES]0/[NHCtBu]0 = 100/1) in toluene followed by purification by reprecipitation, a second addition of ES monomer ([ES]0/[ NHCtBu]0 = 20/1) in another pot (in toluene or tetrahydrofuran (THF)) resulted in catenane formation, namely a polycatenane. TEM images of a sample from the second step polymerization in THF revealed particles of polycatenane structure consisting of cyclic poly(ES) with sizes ranging from 200 to 1000 nm, showing that this NHCtBu triggered chain polymerization and successive cyclization without highly diluted conditions enabled us to fabricate the intended polycatenane in the successive two-step polymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotake Yato
- Division of Soft Materials, Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Kota Oto
- Division of Soft Materials, Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Akinori Takasu
- Division of Soft Materials, Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
| | - Masahiro Higuchi
- Division of Soft Materials, Department of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku Nagoya 466-8555 Japan
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19
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Xia Y, Yuan P, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Hong M. Converting Non-strained γ-Valerolactone and Derivatives into Sustainable Polythioesters via Isomerization-driven Cationic Ring-Opening Polymerization of Thionolactone Intermediate. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202217812. [PMID: 36757807 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202217812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
This contribution reports the efficient conversion of γ-valerolactone and its derivatives, abundant but unexplored renewable feedstocks, into sustainable and degradable polythioesters via the establishment of the first isomerization-driven ring-opening polymerizations (IROPs) of corresponding thionolactone intermediates. The key to this success relies on the development of a new simple and robust [Et3 O]+ [B(C6 F5 )4 ]- cationic initiator which possesses high activity, exclusive selectivity, living nature, and broad scope of thionolactones. A complete inversion of configuration during IROP of enantiopure γ-thionovalerolactone is also disclosed, affording isotactic semicrystalline polythioesters (Tm =87.0 °C) with mechanical property compared well to the representative commodity polyolefins. The formation of a highly crystalline supramolecular stereocomplex with enhanced thermal property (Tm =117.6 °C) has also been revealed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Pengjun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yanping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Miao Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China.,School of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou, 310024, China
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20
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Song Y, He J, Zhang Y, Gilsdorf RA, Chen EYX. Recyclable cyclic bio-based acrylic polymer via pairwise monomer enchainment by a trifunctional Lewis pair. Nat Chem 2023; 15:366-376. [PMID: 36443531 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-022-01097-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The existing catalyst/initiator systems and methodologies used for the synthesis of polymers can access only a few cyclic polymers composed entirely of a single monomer type, and the synthesis of such authentic cyclic polar vinyl polymers (acrylics) devoid of any foreign motifs remains a challenge. Here we report that a tethered B-P-B trifunctional, intramolecular frustrated Lewis pair catalyst enables the synthesis of an authentic cyclic acrylic polymer, cyclic poly(γ-methyl-α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone) (c-PMMBL), from the bio-based monomer MMBL. Detailed studies have revealed an initiation and propagation mechanism through pairwise monomer enchainment enabled by the cooperative and synergistic initiator/catalyst sites of the trifunctional catalyst. We propose that macrocyclic intermediates and transition states comprising two catalyst molecules are involved in the catalyst-regulated ring expansion and eventual cyclization, forming authentic c-PMMBL rings and concurrently regenerating the catalyst. The cyclic topology of the c-PMMBL polymers imparts an ~50 °C higher onset decomposition temperature and a much narrower degradation window compared with their linear counterparts of similar molecular weight and dispersity, while maintaining high chemical recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanjiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China.
| | - Reid A Gilsdorf
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
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21
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Tan J, Hu C, Yang X, Ju S, Cao LL, Wu Y, Liu LL, Stephan DW. Structure and reactivity studies of the aluminum analogue of Piers' borane [HAl(C 6F 5) 2] 3. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:282-285. [PMID: 36484802 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06075b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The aluminum analogue of Piers' borane, [HAl(C6F5)2]31, is prepared on a gram-scale. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal 1 has a higher fluoride ion affinity (FIA) than Piers' borane, while the Al-H moiety proved to be a strong hydride donor, reacting with alcohol and terminal alkyne to give the corresponding dehydrogenative products 3 and 4. Hydroalumination product 5 was prepared via reaction of 1 with aldehyde. In addition, 1 catalyzes the hydrosilylation of alkynes and alkenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjie Tan
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Chaopeng Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Xin Yang
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Shaoying Ju
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Levy L Cao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
| | - Yile Wu
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Liu Leo Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shenzhen Grubbs Institute and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Douglas W Stephan
- Institute of Drug Discovery Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China. .,Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada.
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22
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Reilly LT, McGraw ML, Eckstrom FD, Clarke RW, Franklin KA, Chokkapu ER, Cavallo L, Falivene L, Chen EYX. Compounded Interplay of Kinetic and Thermodynamic Control over Comonomer Sequences by Lewis Pair Polymerization. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:23572-23584. [PMID: 36521036 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c10568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The design of facile synthetic routes to well-defined block copolymers (BCPs) from direct polymerization of one-pot comonomer mixtures, rather than traditional sequential additions, is both fundamentally and technologically important. Such synthetic methodologies often leverage relative monomer reactivity toward propagating species exclusively and therefore are rather limited in monomer scope and control over copolymer structure. The recently developed compounded sequence control (CSC) by Lewis pair polymerization (LPP) utilizes synergistically both thermodynamic (Keq) and kinetic (kp) differentiation to precisely control BCP sequences and suppress tapering and misincorporation errors. Here, we present an in-depth study of CSC by LPP, focusing on the complex interplay of the fundamental Keq and kp parameters, which enable the unique ability of CSC-LPP to precisely control comonomer sequences across a variety of polar vinyl monomer classes. Individual Lewis acid equilibrium and polymerization rate parameters of a range of commercially relevant monomers were experimentally quantified, computationally validated, and rationalized. These values allowed for the judicious design of copolymerizations which probed multiple hypotheses regarding the constructive vs conflicting nature of the relationship between Keq and kp biases, which arise during CSC-LPP of comonomer mixtures. These relationships were thoroughly explored and directly correlated with resultant copolymer microstructures. Several examples of higher-order BCPs are presented, further demonstrating the potential for materials innovation offered by this methodology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam T Reilly
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Michael L McGraw
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Francesca D Eckstrom
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Ryan W Clarke
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Kevin A Franklin
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Eswara Rao Chokkapu
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Luigi Cavallo
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, KAUST Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Laura Falivene
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia, Università di Salerno, Via Papa Paolo Giovanni II, 84100 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Eugene Y-X Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
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23
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Shi Y, Zeng Y, Kucheryavy P, Yin X, Zhang K, Meng G, Chen J, Zhu Q, Wang N, Zheng X, Jäkle F, Chen P. Dynamic B/N Lewis Pairs: Insights into the Structural Variations and Photochromism via Light-Induced Fluorescence to Phosphorescence Switching. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202213615. [PMID: 36287039 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202213615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Ultralong afterglow emissions due to room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) are of paramount importance in the advancement of smart sensors, bioimaging and light-emitting devices. We herein present an efficient approach to achieve rarely accessible phosphorescence of heavy atom-free organoboranes via photochemical switching of sterically tunable fluorescent Lewis pairs (LPs). LPs are widely applied in and well-known for their outstanding performance in catalysis and supramolecular soft materials but have not thus far been exploited to develop photo-responsive RTP materials. The intramolecular LP M1BNM not only shows a dynamic response to thermal treatment due to reversible N→B coordination but crystals of M1BNM also undergo rapid photochromic switching. As a result, unusual emission switching from short-lived fluorescence to long-lived phosphorescence (rad-M1BNM, τRTP =232 ms) is observed. The reported discoveries in the field of Lewis pairs chemistry offer important insights into their structural dynamics, while also pointing to new opportunities for photoactive materials with implications for fast responsive detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Pavel Kucheryavy
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Guoyun Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Jinfa Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Qian Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
| | - Frieder Jäkle
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University-Newark, 73 Warren Street, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Pangkuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing, 102488, China
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24
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Zhang C, Geng X, Zhang X, Gnanou Y, Feng X. Alkyl Borane-Mediated Metal-Free Ring-Opening (Co)Polymerizations of Oxygenated Monomers. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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25
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Fazekas E, Lowy PA, Abdul Rahman M, Lykkeberg A, Zhou Y, Chambenahalli R, Garden JA. Main group metal polymerisation catalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8793-8814. [PMID: 36214205 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00048b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
With sustainability at the forefront of current polymerisation research, the typically earth-abundant, inexpensive and low-toxicity main group metals are attractive candidates for catalysis. Main group metals have been exploited in a broad range of polymerisations, ranging from classical alkene polymerisation to the synthesis of new bio-derived and degradable polyesters and polycarbonates via ring-opening polymerisation and ring-opening copolymerisation. This tutorial review highlights efficient polymerisation catalysts based on Group 1, Group 2, Zn and Group 13 metals. Key mechanistic pathways and catalyst developments are discussed, including tailored ligand design, heterometallic cooperativity, bicomponent systems and careful selection of the polymerisation conditions, all of which can be used to fine-tune the metal Lewis acidity and the metal-alkyl bond polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eszter Fazekas
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Phoebe A Lowy
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | | | - Anna Lykkeberg
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Yali Zhou
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Raju Chambenahalli
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
| | - Jennifer A Garden
- EaStCHEM School of Chemistry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FJ, UK.
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26
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He C, Dong J, Xu C, Pan X. N-Coordinated Organoboron in Polymer Synthesis and Material Science. ACS POLYMERS AU 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.2c00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congze He
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Jin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Chaoran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Xiangcheng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai 200438, China
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27
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Qi H, Xie R, Yang GW, Zhang YY, Xu CK, Wang Y, Wu GP. Rational Optimization of Bifunctional Organoboron Catalysts for Versatile Polyethers via Ring-Opening Polymerization of Epoxides. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huan Qi
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Rui Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Yao-Yao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Cheng-Kai Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou310027, China
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28
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Mandal D, Chen T, Qu Z, Grimme S, Stephan DW. Reactions of Diethylazo-Dicarboxylate with Frustrated Lewis Pairs. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201701. [PMID: 35670767 PMCID: PMC9796924 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactions of PAr3 /B(C6 F5 )3 (Ar=o-Tol, Mes, Ph) FLPs with diethyl azodicarboxylate (DEAD) afford the corresponding FLP addition products 1-3 in which P-N and B-O linkages are formed. In contrast, the reaction of BPh3 , PPh3 and DEAD gave product 4 where P-N and N-B linkages were confirmed. In all cases, other binding modes were computed to be both higher in energy and readily distinguishable by 31 P and 11 B NMR parameters. These data illustrate the influence of steric demands and electronic structures on the nature of the products of FLP reactions with DEAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipendu Mandal
- Institute of Drug Discovery TechnologyNingbo University315211ZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Ting Chen
- Institute of Drug Discovery TechnologyNingbo University315211ZhejiangP. R. China
| | - Zheng‐Wang Qu
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryClausius Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnBeringstrasse 453115BonnGermany
| | - Stefan Grimme
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical ChemistryClausius Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische ChemieRheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität BonnBeringstrasse 453115BonnGermany
| | - Douglas W. Stephan
- Institute of Drug Discovery TechnologyNingbo University315211ZhejiangP. R. China,Department of ChemistryUniversity of Toronto80 St. George StM5S3H6TorontoONCanada
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29
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Schaefer J, Zhou H, Lee E, Lambic NS, Culcu G, Holtcamp MW, Rix FC, Lin TP. Tertiary and Quaternary Phosphonium Borane Bifunctional Catalysts for CO 2/Epoxide Copolymerization: A Mechanistic Investigation Using In Situ Raman Spectroscopy. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Schaefer
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Baytown, Texas77520, United States
| | - Hua Zhou
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Baytown, Texas77520, United States
| | - Eryn Lee
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Baytown, Texas77520, United States
| | - Nikola S. Lambic
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Baytown, Texas77520, United States
| | - Gursu Culcu
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Baytown, Texas77520, United States
| | - Matthew W. Holtcamp
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Baytown, Texas77520, United States
| | - Francis C. Rix
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Baytown, Texas77520, United States
| | - Tzu-Pin Lin
- ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Company, Baytown, Texas77520, United States
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30
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Glöckler E, Ghosh S, Schulz S. β-Diketiminate and β-Ketoiminate Metal Catalysts for Ring-Opening Polymerization of Cyclic Esters. POLYM REV 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2022.2121837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Glöckler
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Swarup Ghosh
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Stephan Schulz
- Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
- Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Duisburg, Germany
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31
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Gao Y, Xu M, Lv C, Xu L, Zhang Z, Xu S. A TD-DFT study on photoswitchable chloride salts receptor based on acylhydrazone and crown ether embedded Macrocyclic molecule. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2022.113785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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32
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Shi Y, Li C, Ma H, Cao Z, Liu K, Yin X, Wang N, Chen P. Two-in-One Approach toward White-Light Emissions of Dimeric B/N Lewis Pairs by Tuning the Ortho-Substitution Effect. Org Lett 2022; 24:5497-5502. [PMID: 35856805 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A new family of dimeric B/N Lewis pairs with sterically tunable substitutions has been accomplished using the Two-in-One design strategy. Their structures are characteristic of doubly B/N-containing cores, and the electronic interactions between B and N centers can be modulated by the steric effects of ortho-substitutions from methyl groups. Interestingly, unique white-light emissions were achieved for 2M'2BNM and 1M2BNM, ascribed to the integration of two triarylborane species (Bsp2- and Bsp3-hybridization) into one single molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Chenglong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Analysis & Testing Centre, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Zhao Cao
- School of Material Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Kanglei Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Yin
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing 102488, People's Republic of China
| | - Pangkuan Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology of China, Beijing 102488, People's Republic of China
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33
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Zhang YY, Lu C, Yang GW, Xie R, Fang YB, Wang Y, Wu GP. Mechanism-Inspired Upgradation of Phosphonium-Containing Organoboron Catalysts for Epoxide-Involved Copolymerization and Homopolymerization. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Yao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Chenjie Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Rui Xie
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yu-Bo Fang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yuhui Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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34
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Lu D, Li S, Yang X, Yin SF, Kambe N, Qiu R. Copper-Catalyzed Regioselective Olefination and Trifluoromethylation of Carboxylic Acids To Give ( Z)-Trifluoromethyl Enol Esters. Org Lett 2022; 24:5197-5202. [PMID: 35833663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c02027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a method to produce (Z)-trifluoromethyl enol esters via the olefination and trifluoromethylation of carboxylic acids with TMSCF3. This synthetic method uses inexpensive and easy-to-handle TMSCF3. It employs a commercially available CuCl catalyst to transform a broad range of carboxylic acids into versatile (Z)-trifluoromethyl enol esters with good regio- and stereoselectivity. This protocol allows the concise synthesis of highly functionalized (Z)-trifluoromethyl enol esters directly from carboxylic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuangshuang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Shuang-Feng Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
| | - Nobuaki Kambe
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Renhua Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, P. R. China
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35
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Ren F, Li X, Xian J, Han X, Cao L, Pan X, Wu J. Bench‐stable potassium complexes for living and isoselective
ring‐opening
polymerization of
rac‐lactide. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangping Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Xinlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Ji Xian
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Xinning Han
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ningxia Normal University Guyuan China
| | - Luya Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
- State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare Earths Baotou China
| | - Xiaobo Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
| | - Jincai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry (Lanzhou University), Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Lanzhou University Lanzhou China
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36
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Wang X, Hui J, Shi M, Kou X, Li X, Zhong R, Li Z. Exploration of the Synergistic Effect in a One-Component Lewis Pair System: Serving as a Dual Initiator and Catalyst in the Ring-Opening Polymerization of Epoxides. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c02170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowu Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jiwen Hui
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Minmin Shi
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xinhui Kou
- Analyses and Testing Center, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Li
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ronglin Zhong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhibo Li
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 53 Zhengzhou Road, Qingdao 266042, China
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37
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Cabrera-Trujillo JJ, Fernández I. Aromaticity-enhanced reactivity of geminal frustrated Lewis pairs. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6801-6804. [PMID: 35611955 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc02013k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The presence of a cyclopropenimine moiety as the Lewis base partner in geminal frustrated Lewis pairs greatly enhances the reactivity of the system towards the activation of small molecules. This is mainly due to an increase of the aromaticity strength of this fragment during the activation reaction which results in a significant gain of stability ultimately leading to low barrier and high exergonic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Juan Cabrera-Trujillo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
| | - Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
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38
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Li C, Zhao W, He J, Zhang Y, Zhang W. Single‐Step Expeditious Synthesis of Diblock Copolymers with Different Morphologies by Lewis Pair Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202448. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengkai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials. College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Wuchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials. College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials. College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials. College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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39
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Ji H, Wang B, Pan L, Liu X, Li Y. A green synthetic toolbox from organocatalytic alternating copolymerization of renewable epoxides and dihydrocoumarin. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- He‐Yuan Ji
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Bin Wang
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Li Pan
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Xiao‐Hui Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering Tiangong University Tianjin China
| | - Yue‐Sheng Li
- Tianjin Key Lab of Composite & Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China
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40
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Two-Dimensional Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ZIF-L: A Promising Catalyst for Polymerization. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12050521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Here, for the first time, a 2D and leaf-like zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-L) is reported for the synthesis of ultrahigh molecular weight (UHMW) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) with Mn up to 1390 kg mol−1. This synthesis method is a one-step process without any co-catalyst in a solvent-free medium. SEM, PXRD, FT-IR, TGA, and nitrogen sorption measurements confirmed the 2D and leaf-like structure of ZIF-L. The results of PXRD, SEM, TGA demonstrate that the catalyst ZIF-L is remarkably stable even after a long-time polymerization reaction. Zwitterionic Lewis pair polymerization (LPP) has been proposed for the catalytic performance of ZIF-L on methyl methacrylate (MMA) polymerization. This MMA polymerization is consistent with a living system, where ZIF-L could reinitiate the polymerization and propagates the process by gradually growing the polymer chains.
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41
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Fernández I. Understanding the reactivity of frustrated Lewis pairs with the help of the activation strain model-energy decomposition analysis method. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:4931-4940. [PMID: 35322823 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00233g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This Feature article presents recent representative applications of the combination of the Activation Strain Model of reactivity and the Energy Decomposition Analysis methods to understand the reactivity of Frustrated Lewis Pairs (FLPs). This approach has been helpful to not only gain a deeper quantitative insight into the factors controlling the cooperative action between the Lewis acid/base partners but also to rationally design highly active systems for different bond activation reactions. Issues such as the influence of the nature of the FLP antagonists or the substituents directly attached to them on the reactivity are covered herein, which are crucial for the future development of this fascinating family of compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Israel Fernández
- Departamento de Química Orgánica I and Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040-Madrid, Spain.
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42
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Li C, Zhao W, He J, Zhang Y, Zhang W. Single‐Step Expeditious Synthesis of Diblock Copolymers with Different Morphologies by Lewis Pair Polymerization‐Induced Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengkai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials. College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Wuchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials. College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials. College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials. College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun Jilin 130012 China
| | - Wangqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education Institute of Polymer Chemistry College of Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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43
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Zhang ZH, Wang X, Weng B, Zhang Y, Zhang G, Hong M. Zinc-Mediated Allylation-Lactonization One-Pot Reaction to Methylene Butyrolactones: Renewable Monomers for Sustainable Acrylic Polymers with Closed-Loop Recyclability. ACS POLYMERS AU 2022; 2:266-274. [PMID: 36855566 PMCID: PMC9955236 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.2c00001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Despite biomass-derived methylene butyrolactone monomers having great potential in substituting the petroleum-based methacrylates for synthesizing the sustainable acrylic polymers, the possible industrial production of these cyclic monomers is unfortunately not practical due to moderate overall yields and harsh reaction conditions or a time-consuming multistep process. Here we report a convenient and effective synthetic approach to a series of biomass-derived methylene butyrolactone monomers via a zinc-mediated allylation-lactonization one-pot reaction of biorenewable aldehydes with ethyl 2-(bromomethyl)acrylate. Under simple room-temperature sonication conditions, near-quantitative conversions (>90%) can be accomplished within 5-30 min, providing pure products with high isolated yields of 70-80%. Their efficient polymerizations with a high degree of control and complete chemoselectivity were enabled by the judiciously chosen Lewis pair catalyst based on methylaluminum bis(2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenoxide) [MeAl(BHT)2] Lewis acid and 3-diisopropyl-4,5-dimethylimidazol-2-ylidene (I i Pr) Lewis base, affording new poly(methylene butyrolactone)s with high thermal stability and thermal properties tuned in a wide range as well as pendant vinyl groups for postfunctionalization. Through the development of an effective depolymerization setup (370-390 °C, ca. 100 mTorr, 1 h, a muffle furnace), thermal depolymerizations of these polymers have been achieved with monomer recovery up to 99.8%, thus successfully constructing sustainable acrylic polymers with closed-loop recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Hua Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xing Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Biwei Weng
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yixin Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Guozhu Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Miao Hong
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese
Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China,School
of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced
Study, University of Chinese Academy of
Sciences, 1 Sub-lane Xiangshan, Hangzhou 310024, China,
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44
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Dirauf M, Muljajew I, Weber C, Schubert US. Recent advances in degradable synthetic polymers for biomedical applications – Beyond polyesters. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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45
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Zhao W, Wang Q, He J, Zhang Y. Boron-Based Lewis Pairs Catalyzed Living, Regioselective and Topology-Controlled Polymerization of (E, E)-alkyl Sorbates. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200088. [PMID: 35363417 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
It remains as a great challenge to realize living and controlled polymerization of renewable monomers by the boron-based Lewis pairs. Here we employ strong nucleophilic N-heterocyclic olefins (NHOs) or N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) as Lewis bases (LBs), and boron-based compounds as Lewis acids (LAs) to construct LPs for polymerization of alkyl sorbates, including (E, E)-methyl sorbate (MS) and (E, E)-ethyl sorbate (ES). Systematic investigation reveal that the combinations of B(C6 F5 )3 with appropriate acidity and steric hindrance, and strong nucleophilic NHOs promote living and controlled polymerization of alkyl sorbates in 100% 1,4-addition manner, furnishing polymers with predicted molecular weight (Mw up to 56.6 kg/mol) and narrow molecular weight distribution (Đ as low as 1.12). Furthermore, topology analysis shows that NHC1/B(C6 F5 )3 LP produced PMS possessing cyclic structure. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuchao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Qianyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Jianghua He
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
| | - Yuetao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130012, China
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46
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Sarkar P, Das S, Pati SK. Recent Advances in Group 14 and 15 Lewis Acids for Frustrated Lewis Pair Chemistry. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200148. [PMID: 35320614 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Frustrated Lewis pairs (FLP) which rely on the cooperative action of Lewis acids and Lewis bases, played a prominent role in the advancement of main-group catalysis. While the early days of FLP chemistry witnessed the dominance of boranes, there is a growing body of reports on alternative Lewis acids derived from groups 14 and 15. This short review focuses on the discovery of such non-boron candidates reported since 2015.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Sarkar
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Theoretical Sciences Unit, INDIA
| | - Shubhajit Das
- Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, New Chemstry Unit, INDIA
| | - Swapan K Pati
- JNCASR, Theoretical Sciences Unit and New Chemistry Unit, Jakkur Campus, 560064, Bangalore, INDIA
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47
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Yuan P, Sun Y, Xu X, Luo Y, Hong M. Towards high-performance sustainable polymers via isomerization-driven irreversible ring-opening polymerization of five-membered thionolactones. Nat Chem 2022; 14:294-303. [PMID: 34824460 DOI: 10.1038/s41557-021-00817-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The development of sustainable polymers that possess useful material properties competitive with existing petroleum-derived polymers is a crucial goal but remains a formidable challenge for polymer science. Here we demonstrate that irreversible ring-opening polymerization (IROP) of biomass-derived five-membered thionolactones is an effective and robust strategy for the polymerization of non-strained five-membered rings-these polymerizations are commonly thermodynamically forbidden under ambient conditions, at industrially relevant temperatures of 80-100 °C. Computational studies reveal that the selective IROP of these thionolactones is thermodynamically driven by S/O isomerization during the ring-opening process. IROP of γ-thionobutyrolactone, a representative non-strained thionolactone, affords a sustainable polymer from renewable resources that possesses external-stimuli-triggered degradability. This poly(thiolactone) also exhibits high performance, with its key thermal and mechanical properties comparing well to those of commercial petroleum-based low-density polyethylene. This IROP strategy will enable conversion of five-membered lactones, generally unachievable by other polymerization methods, into sustainable polymers with a range of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengjun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yangyang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China.,PetroChina Petrochemical Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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48
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Chia CC, Li Y, Xiao L, Yang MC, Su MD, So CW. Lewis Pair Polymerization of Alkyl Methacrylate by Amidinato Silicon Compounds and Tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Cher-Chiek Chia
- Nanyang Technological University School of Physical and Mathematical sciences SINGAPORE
| | - Yan Li
- Hangzhou Normal University Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology of Ministry of Education CHINA
| | | | - Ming-Chung Yang
- National Chiayi University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Ming-Der Su
- National Chiayi University Department of Applied Chemistry TAIWAN
| | - Cheuk-Wai So
- Nanyang Technological University Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry 21 Nanyang Link 637371 Singapore SINGAPORE
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49
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Koyama T, Shimizu A, Matsuoka SI, Suzuki M. Lewis Pair RAFT Polymerization of Methacrylates on-Water: Evidence of Radical Propagation Mechanism. CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.220025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Koyama
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shimizu
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Shin-ichi Matsuoka
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
| | - Masato Suzuki
- Department of Life Science and Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8555, Japan
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50
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Li B, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Li Z, Li Z, Qiu H, Wu G. Poly(ether ester) and related block copolymers via organocatalytic ring‐opening polymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal University Zhejiang Hangzhou China
| | - Yong‐Lu Zhang
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal University Zhejiang Hangzhou China
| | - Xiao‐Feng Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Zhuo‐Qun Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal University Zhejiang Hangzhou China
| | - Zi‐Hui Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal University Zhejiang Hangzhou China
| | - Hua‐Yu Qiu
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education Hangzhou Normal University Zhejiang Hangzhou China
| | - Guang‐Peng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
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