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Wang A, Huo S, Croué JP, Liu C. Reaction of Polyamide Membrane Model Monomers with Chlorine Dioxide: Kinetics, Pathways, and Implications. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 241:120159. [PMID: 37290190 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aromatic polyamide (PA) based membranes are widely used for reverse osmosis (RO), but they can be degraded by free chlorine used for controlling the biofouling prior to RO treatment. Kinetics and mechanisms for the reactions of PA membrane model monomers, i.e., benzanilide (BA), and acetanilide (AC), with chlorine dioxide (ClO2) were investigated in this study. Rate constants for the reactions of ClO2 with BA and AC at pH 8.3 and 21°C were determined to be (4.1±0.1) × 10-1 M-1.24 s-1 and (6.0±0.1) × 10-3 M-1 s-1, respectively. These reactions are base assisted with a strong pH dependence. The activation energies of BA and AC degradation by ClO2 were 123.7 and 81.0 kJ mol-1, respectively. This indicates a relatively strong temperature dependence in the studied temperature range of 21-35 °C. The presence of bromide and natural organic matter does not promote the degradation of model monomers by ClO2. BA was degraded by ClO2 via two pathways: (1) the attack on the anilide moiety with the formation of benzamide (major pathway) and (2) oxidative hydrolysis to benzoic acid (minor pathway). A kinetic model was developed to simulate the degradation of BA and formation of byproducts during ClO2 pretreatment, and simulations agree well with the experimental data. Half-lives of BA treated by ClO2 were 1-5 orders of magnitude longer than chlorine under typical seawater treatment conditions. These novel findings suggest the potential application of ClO2 for controlling biofouling ahead of RO treatment at desalination treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shouliang Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Jean-Philippe Croué
- Institut de Chimie des Milieux et des Matériaux IC2MP UMR 7285 CNRS, Université de Poitiers, Poitiers 86073, France
| | - Chao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Science and Technology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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Zhao H, Yang L, Chen X, Wang J, Bai L, Cao G, Cai L, Tang CY. Reactivity of various brominating agents toward polyamide nanofiltration membranes. Sep Purif Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Cheng W, Wang P, Zhang Y, Wang H, Ma J, Zhang T. Oxidation resistances of polyamide nanofiltration membranes to hydroxyl and sulfate radicals. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Farinelli G, Coha M, Vione D, Minella M, Tiraferri A. Formation of Halogenated Byproducts upon Water Treatment with Peracetic Acid. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:5123-5131. [PMID: 35357818 PMCID: PMC9022431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Peracetic acid has quickly gained ground in water treatment over the last decade. Specifically, its disinfection efficacy toward a wide spectrum of microorganisms in wastewater is accompanied by the simplicity of its handling and use. Moreover, peracetic acid represents a promising option to achieve disinfection while reducing the concentration of typical chlorination byproducts in the final effluent. However, its chemical behavior is still amply debated. In this study, the reactivity of peracetic acid in the presence of halides, namely, chloride and bromide, was investigated in both synthetic waters and in a real contaminated water. While previous studies focused on the ability of this disinfectant to form halogenated byproducts in the presence of dissolved organic matter and halides, this work indicates that peracetic acid also contributes itself as a primary source in the formation of these potentially carcinogenic compounds. Specifically, this study suggests that 1.5 mM peracetic acid may form around 1-10 μg/L of bromoform when bromide is present. Bromoform formation reaches a maximum at near neutral pH, which is highly relevant for wastewater management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulio Farinelli
- Department
of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Marco Coha
- Department
of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Davide Vione
- Department
of Chemistry, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Marco Minella
- Department
of Chemistry, Università di Torino, Via Pietro Giuria 5, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Alberto Tiraferri
- Department
of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
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Ma C, Huangfu X, Zou Y, Huang R, He Q, Ma J. Kinetics and mechanism of Thallium(I) oxidation by Permanganate: Role of bromide. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133652. [PMID: 35051517 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of thallium(I) (Tl (I)) to Tl (III) is referred to as an efficient means for Tl removal. Bromide (Br‾) inevitably occurs in nearly all water sources at concentrations of 0.01-67 mg/L (0.14-960 μM). The effect of Br‾ remains largely unclear but likely of critical importance on the redox fate and thus the removal potential of Tl (I) during typical oxidation treatment processes. Here, we investigate the kinetics and tackle the mechanism of Tl (I) oxidation by permanganate (KMnO4) under the influence of Br‾. The results demonstrated that Br‾ at environmental levels exhibited significant catalytic effect on Tl (I) oxidation kinetics by KMnO4 at acidic pH of 4.0-7.0, while no significant effect of Br‾ was observed for Tl(I) oxidation under alkaline conditions of pH 8.0 and 9.0. It was found that the enhanced oxidation kinetics under acidic conditions was driven by the combined effect of and autocatalysis mediated by MnO2 and a fast oxidation kinetics served by in-situ formed bromine species. Through quantifying the relative contributions of those bromine species to the homogenous oxidation of Tl(I), HOBr, Br2 and Br2O were found to play roles in catalyzing the oxidation of Tl(I) by KMnO4. The results discussed herein highlight the critical role of Br‾ on the Tl(I) complex oxidation process by KMnO4 and may have implications for evaluating the redox cycle and removal potential of Tl in bromide-containing water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxue Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China.
| | - Yijie Zou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Ruixing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400044, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150090, China.
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Ma C, Cheng H, Huang R, Zou Y, He Q, Huangfu X, Ma J. Kinetics of Thallium(I) Oxidation by Free Chlorine in Bromide-Containing Waters: Insights into the Reactivity with Bromine Species. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:1017-1027. [PMID: 34807594 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c06901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The oxidation of thallium [Tl(I)] to Tl(III) by chlorine (HOCl) is an important process changing its removal performance in water treatment. However, the role of bromide (Br-), a common constituent in natural water, in the oxidation behavior of Tl(I) during chlorination remains unknown. Our results demonstrated that Br- was cycled and acted as a catalyst to enhance the kinetics of Tl(I) oxidation by HOCl over the pH range of 5.0-9.5. Different Tl(I) species (i.e., Tl+ and TlOH(aq)) and reactive bromine species (i.e., HOBr/BrO-, BrCl, Br2O, and BrOCl) were kinetically relevant to the enhanced oxidation of Tl(I). The oxidation by free bromine species became the dominant pathway even at a low Br- level of 50 μg/L for a chlorine dose of 2 mg of Cl2/L. It was found that the reactions of Tl+/BrCl, Tl+/BrOCl, and TlOH(aq)/HOBr dominated the kinetics of Tl(I) oxidation at pH < 6.0, pH 6.0-8.0, and pH > 8.0, respectively. The species-specific rate constants for Tl+ reacting with individual bromine species were determined and decreased in the order: BrCl > Br2 > BrOCl > Br2O > HOBr. Overall, the presented results refine our knowledge regarding the species-specific reactivity of TI(I) with bromine species and will be useful for further prediction of thallium mobility in chlorinated waters containing bromide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxue Ma
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Haijun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ruixing Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yijie Zou
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Xiaoliu Huangfu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-Environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Effect of halides on polyamide-based membrane flux and monomer degradation during chloramination. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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